CN102924106A - Method for preparing carbon-silicon carbon composite material and product thereof - Google Patents

Method for preparing carbon-silicon carbon composite material and product thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102924106A
CN102924106A CN2012104881697A CN201210488169A CN102924106A CN 102924106 A CN102924106 A CN 102924106A CN 2012104881697 A CN2012104881697 A CN 2012104881697A CN 201210488169 A CN201210488169 A CN 201210488169A CN 102924106 A CN102924106 A CN 102924106A
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carbon
carbon fiber
silicon carbide
preparation
fiber reinforced
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CN102924106B (en
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林文松
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Shanghai University of Engineering Science
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Shanghai University of Engineering Science
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a carbon-silicon carbon composite material and a product prepared by the method, wherein the preparation comprises the following steps: firstly, weaving carbon fibers into a three-dimensional stereo textile (hereinafter referred to as carbon fiber preformed body); depositing a layer of simple substance silicon which is 0.1-2 mu m thick on the carbon fiber preformed body by the vapor deposition technique; proportionally preparing phenolic resin, carbon black, ethanol, ultra-thin silicon carbon powder, polyvinylpyrrolidone and tetramethylammonium hydroxide into the mixed slurry; pressurizing the slurry in the vacuum environment so that the slurry outflows to soak the carbon fiber preformed body to obtain a composite material green body; heating and solidifying the green body; and then putting the solidified green body in a vacuum furnace and arousing a high-temperature siliconing reaction, thereby obtaining the high-density, high-performance carbon-silicon carbon composite material.

Description

Preparation method of a kind of carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composite and products thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of inorganic nonmetallic material, relate to composite manufacture technique, especially a kind of preparation method of carbon fibre reinforced silicon carbide ceramic composite.
Background technology
In silicon carbide ceramics, add continuous carbon fibre, preparation carbon fibre reinforced silicon carbide (C f/ SiC) matrix material, carbon fiber the mechanism such as extract by crack deflection, fiber in the breaking-down process of pottery, can strengthen intensity and the toughness of stupalith.
Existing C f/ SiC composite manufacture technique mainly contains: chemical vapour deposition (CVI) technique, precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) technique, mud dipping hot pressing (SIHP) technique, liquid impregnation (LSI) technique etc.
The technological process of CVI is that the carbon fiber preform is placed the CVI stove, and reactant gases is delivered to preform backward its internal divergence on every side by the directed flow that is produced by pressure difference, at fiber surface generation chemical reaction and in-situ deposition.CVI technique prepares C fThe major advantage of/SiC matrix material be can be under far below the temperature of body material fusing point the synthesize ceramic matrix, reduce the fibre property that the high-temperature chemical reaction between fiber and matrix brings and descend; The integrity that can also keep the fibre preforms body structure in preparation process realizes that near-net-shape prepares complex-shaped goods.It is very long that but CVI technique also exists preparation cycle, has larger density difference, the defectives such as the remaining a large amount of void content of matrix material along gas diffusion path.
The SIHP technological process is that SiC powder, sintering aid powder and organic binder bond etc. are made mud with solvent, and carbon fiber is spun into non-woven fabrics, the molded rear hot pressed sintering of slice module behind the mud dipping.The densification of material is mainly finished by liquid-phase sintering process.C with the manufacturing of SIHP method f/ SiC matrix material density is higher, and defective is less, comparatively is fit to the preparation unidirectional composite material.But the SIHP method has larger difficulty to the preparation complex shaped components, and carbon fiber tends under High Temperature High Pressure and SiC matrix generation surface reaction, causes fibre property to descend, and is unfavorable for improving the performance of material.
The standby C of PIP legal system fThe conventional process of/SiC matrix material is to adopt organic precursor liquid solution impregnation of carbon fibers preform under certain temperature and pressure, behind crosslinking curing, carries out Pintsch process under protection of inert gas, makes precursor be converted into the SiC ceramic matrix.The preparation temperature of PIP method is low, but with no pressure burn till, less to machinery and the chemical damage of fiber, and can prepare the member of large complicated shape.But the shortcoming of this kind technique also clearly, and the material densification needs several dipping-lytic cycles, and the production cycle is longer; And owing in the Pintsch process process, can produce small molecule by-product, from matrix, overflow, the porosity of resulting materials is higher, and difficulty has been prepared fully dense material; The chemical reaction of certain form easily occurs in precursor and fiber in cracking process, on the one hand fiber is badly damaged, and forms on the other hand the interfacial layer of strong combination, causes the material toughness not high.
LSI technique comprises the three basic process: at first prefabricated carbon fiber spare is put into airtight mould, adopted high pressure stamp or resin transfer mold technique to prepare fiber reinforced polymer materials; Then cracking in the high temperature inert environment obtains low density carbon based composites (C f/ C); Adopt at last melt Si under vacuum by the wicking action processing of infiltrating, make the reaction of Si melt and carbon base body generate the SiC matrix.This technique can be by adjusting C fThe volume density of/C and porosity are controlled the density of final matrix material.The preparation cycle of LSI technique is short, cost is low, the residual porosity rate is low, can prepare dead size, complex-shaped workpiece; But this technique is Shortcomings also: melt Si is when reacting with carbon base body, and inevitably meeting and carbon fiber react, and fiber is etched and causes degradation.
The present invention has overcome defects.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, the advantages of three kinds of techniques such as LSI, CVI and PIP is got up, provide a kind of and can either improve C fThe problem that/SiC matrix material density is low also can effectively hinder Si to the preparation technology of the erosion action of carbon fiber.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved by following processing step:
1) is that the carbon fiber knit of 6 ~ 8 μ m becomes three dimension stereo fabric with diameter, obtains carbon fabric perform;
2) be 1 * 10 in vacuum tightness -2~ 5 * 10 -3In the vacuum oven of Pa, at the carbon fiber surface vapour deposition layer of metal silicon of carbon fabric perform;
3) ultra fine silicon carbide powder, carbon black, resol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, Tetramethylammonium hydroxide and ethanol are mixed with mixed slurry in following ratio behind ball milling: 63 ~ 72 parts of silicon carbide powders, 5 ~ 6 parts of carbon blacks, 1.5 ~ 2 parts in resol, 0.5 ~ 1.0 part of Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, 0.1 ~ 0.5 part of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 40 ~ 45 parts of alcohol;
4) carbon fabric perform is positioned in the graphite jig, under subatmospheric environment, mixed slurry is applied the pressure of 0.1 ~ 2.0 MPa, its impregnating by pressure is obtained composite body in above-mentioned carbon fabric perform;
5) with above-mentioned composite body and mould together under 100 ℃ of temperature condition insulation carried out baking and curing in 2 hours and process;
6) carried out base substrate that baking and curing processes and mould to be placed on together vacuum tightness be 1 * 10 above-mentioned -2~ 1 * 10 -3In the vacuum oven of Pa, be warming up to 1450 ~ 1550 ℃ and carry out high temperature siliconising reaction, namely make carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composite.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. preparation technology provided by the invention carries out under lower temperature, can significantly reduce reaction process to the damage of carbon fiber;
2. with respect to existing technology of preparing, the preparation flow of technique of the present invention is short, and preparation time significantly reduces;
3. the C of the present invention preparation f/ SiC matrix material has the high-compactness close to theoretical density.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with two specific embodiments, the present invention is further understood in exemplary illustration and help.But the embodiment detail only is for the present invention is described, does not represent the whole technical schemes of the present invention under conceiving, and therefore should not be construed as the restriction to technical scheme of the present invention.Some do not depart from the unsubstantiality of the present invention's design changes, and for example simple the change or replacement of technical characterictic to have same or similar technique effect all belongs to rights protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composite, preparation technology may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is that the carbon fiber knit of 6 ~ 8 μ m becomes three dimension stereo fabric (below be called carbon fabric perform) with mean diameter;
Step 2 is put into an airtight container with carbon fabric perform, and places Pure Silicon Metal in container, and itself and carbon fabric perform are isolated; It is 1 * 10 that material in said vesse and the container is positioned over vacuum tightness together -2In the vacuum oven of Pa, heat to 1500 ℃, insulation 1h takes out the carbon fabric perform of processing behind the furnace cooling;
Step 3, be silicon carbide powder 72g, carbon black 8g, resol 2g, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.2g, Tetramethylammonium hydroxide 0.5g and the ethanol 40ml of 0.1 μ m with mean particle size, put into high energy ball mill, and add the agate abrading-ball of 300g, be mixed with mixed slurry behind the ball milling 5h;
Step 4 is positioned over carbon fabric perform in the graphite jig, with the mixed slurry 0.5MPa that pressurizes under the vacuum environment of 0.01 MPa, is impregnated in the above-mentioned carbon fabric perform and obtains composite body;
Step 5 arises from 100 ℃ of insulation 2h with above-mentioned base substrate and mould one and carries out baking and curing and process;
Step 6, it is 1 * 10 that above-mentioned base substrate and mould are placed on vacuum tightness together -3In the vacuum oven of Pa, be warming up to 1500 ℃ and carry out high temperature siliconising reaction, obtain high-compactness, high performance carbon/composite silicon carbide ceramic material.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composite, preparation technology may further comprise the steps:
Step 1 is that the carbon fiber knit of 6 ~ 8 μ m becomes the three-dimensional carbon fiber preform with mean diameter;
Step 2 is put into an airtight container with carbon fabric perform, and places Pure Silicon Metal in container, and itself and carbon fabric perform are isolated, and it is 5 * 10 that the material in said vesse and the container is positioned over vacuum tightness together -3In the vacuum oven of Pa, heat to 1500 ℃, insulation 3h takes out the carbon fabric perform of processing behind the furnace cooling;
Step 3, be silicon carbide powder 63g, carbon black 7g, resol 2g, polyvinylpyrrolidone 0.3g, Tetramethylammonium hydroxide 0.5g and the ethanol 40ml of 0.22 μ m with mean particle size, put into high energy ball mill, and add the agate abrading-ball of 300g, be mixed with mixed slurry behind the ball milling 5h;
Step 4 is positioned over carbon fabric perform in the graphite jig, mixed slurry is applied the pressure of 0.2 MPa under the vacuum environment of 0.01 MPa, is impregnated in the above-mentioned carbon fabric perform and obtains composite body;
Step 5 arises from 100 ℃ of insulation 2h with above-mentioned base substrate and mould one and carries out baking and curing and process;
Step 6, it is 1 * 10 that above-mentioned base substrate and mould are placed on vacuum tightness together -3In the vacuum oven of Pa, be warming up to 1480 ℃ and carry out the siliconising reaction, obtain high-compactness, high performance carbon-silicon carbide ceramic composite.

Claims (4)

1. the preparation method of a carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composite is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the steps:
Step 1 is that the carbon fiber knit of 6 ~ 8 μ m becomes three dimension stereo fabric with diameter, obtains carbon fabric perform;
Step 2 is 1 * 10 in vacuum tightness -2~ 5 * 10 -3In the vacuum oven of Pa, at the carbon fiber surface vapour deposition layer of metal silicon of carbon fabric perform;
Step 3 is mixed with mixed slurry with ultra fine silicon carbide powder, carbon black, resol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, Tetramethylammonium hydroxide and ethanol in following ratio behind ball milling: 63 ~ 72 parts of silicon carbide powders, 5 ~ 6 parts of carbon blacks, 1.5 ~ 2 parts in resol, 0.5 ~ 1.0 part of Tetramethylammonium hydroxide, 0.1 ~ 0.5 part of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 40 ~ 45 parts of alcohol;
Step 4 is positioned over carbon fabric perform in the graphite jig, under subatmospheric environment, mixed slurry is applied the pressure of 0.1 ~ 2.0 MPa, and its impregnating by pressure is obtained composite body in above-mentioned carbon fabric perform;
Step 5, with above-mentioned composite body and mould together under 100 ℃ of temperature condition insulation carried out baking and curing in 2 hours and process;
Step 6 was carried out base substrate that baking and curing processes and mould to be placed on together vacuum tightness was 1 * 10 above-mentioned -2~ 1 * 10 -3In the vacuum oven of Pa, be warming up to 1450 ~ 1550 ℃ and carry out high temperature siliconising reaction, namely make carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composite.
2. according to the preparation method of right 1 described carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composite, it is characterized in that:
Adopting the layer of metal silicon thickness of vapour deposition process deposition at the fiber surface of carbon fabric perform in the step 2 is 0.1 ~ 2 μ m.
3. according to the preparation method of right 1 or 2 described carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composites, it is characterized in that:
The granularity of the mixed slurry that uses in the step 3 is 0.05 ~ 0.25 μ m.
4. according to the preparation-obtained carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide matrix composite of the described method of claim 1.
CN201210488169.7A 2012-11-27 2012-11-27 Method for preparing carbon-silicon carbon composite material and product thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102924106B (en)

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Cited By (11)

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CN103253939A (en) * 2013-05-15 2013-08-21 宁波欧翔精细陶瓷技术有限公司 Preparation method of carbon-silicon carbide composite material
CN105174963A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-12-23 江西申山能源科技有限公司 Composite ceramic material and preparation method thereof
CN106220212A (en) * 2016-07-31 2016-12-14 湖南九华碳素高科有限公司 A kind of C/SiC composite fast preparation method
CN106220213A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-12-14 湖南九华碳素高科有限公司 A kind of preparation method of carbon/ceramic composite material
CN106673661A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-17 上海工程技术大学 Thick-plate silicon carbide ceramic material and preparation method and application thereof
JP2018528077A (en) * 2015-07-30 2018-09-27 ゲイリー エス. セルウィンGary S. SELWYN High pressure process for applying and curing organic polymerizable treatments
CN108727940A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-02 合肥同佑电子科技有限公司 A kind of transformer High Performance Corrosion Protective Coatings and preparation method thereof
CN109020552A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-12-18 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 SiC-based multiphase ceramic and preparation method thereof
CN112174684A (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-01-05 中南大学 SiC composite coating for porous heat-insulating carbon material and preparation method thereof
CN115368146A (en) * 2022-10-24 2022-11-22 山东红点新材料有限公司 Non-asphalt-based adhesive for producing carbon product and preparation method thereof
CN115594525A (en) * 2022-10-25 2023-01-13 崇义恒毅陶瓷复合材料有限公司(Cn) Wear-resistant sheet of centrifugal machine and preparation process thereof

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CN105802580A (en) * 2016-03-09 2016-07-27 苏州莱特复合材料有限公司 Method for preparing carbon/silicon carbide composite friction material

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Cited By (14)

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CN103253939A (en) * 2013-05-15 2013-08-21 宁波欧翔精细陶瓷技术有限公司 Preparation method of carbon-silicon carbide composite material
CN105174963A (en) * 2015-07-28 2015-12-23 江西申山能源科技有限公司 Composite ceramic material and preparation method thereof
JP2018528077A (en) * 2015-07-30 2018-09-27 ゲイリー エス. セルウィンGary S. SELWYN High pressure process for applying and curing organic polymerizable treatments
CN106220212A (en) * 2016-07-31 2016-12-14 湖南九华碳素高科有限公司 A kind of C/SiC composite fast preparation method
CN106220213A (en) * 2016-08-01 2016-12-14 湖南九华碳素高科有限公司 A kind of preparation method of carbon/ceramic composite material
CN106673661A (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-17 上海工程技术大学 Thick-plate silicon carbide ceramic material and preparation method and application thereof
CN109020552A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-12-18 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 SiC-based multiphase ceramic and preparation method thereof
CN108727940A (en) * 2018-06-13 2018-11-02 合肥同佑电子科技有限公司 A kind of transformer High Performance Corrosion Protective Coatings and preparation method thereof
CN112174684A (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-01-05 中南大学 SiC composite coating for porous heat-insulating carbon material and preparation method thereof
CN112174684B (en) * 2020-09-30 2021-11-02 中南大学 SiC composite coating for porous heat-insulating carbon material and preparation method thereof
CN115368146A (en) * 2022-10-24 2022-11-22 山东红点新材料有限公司 Non-asphalt-based adhesive for producing carbon product and preparation method thereof
CN115368146B (en) * 2022-10-24 2023-02-21 山东红点新材料有限公司 Non-asphalt-based adhesive for producing carbon products and preparation method thereof
CN115594525A (en) * 2022-10-25 2023-01-13 崇义恒毅陶瓷复合材料有限公司(Cn) Wear-resistant sheet of centrifugal machine and preparation process thereof
CN115594525B (en) * 2022-10-25 2023-08-18 崇义恒毅陶瓷复合材料有限公司 Wear-resistant plate of centrifugal machine and preparation process thereof

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