CN102923008A - Carbon based sliding plate material of high speed railway pantograph and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Carbon based sliding plate material of high speed railway pantograph and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102923008A
CN102923008A CN2012104375619A CN201210437561A CN102923008A CN 102923008 A CN102923008 A CN 102923008A CN 2012104375619 A CN2012104375619 A CN 2012104375619A CN 201210437561 A CN201210437561 A CN 201210437561A CN 102923008 A CN102923008 A CN 102923008A
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sliding plate
speed railway
charcoal base
sliding material
preparation
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CN102923008B (en
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杨慧君
乔珺威
唐宾
王恒朋
种海宁
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention provides a carbon based sliding plate material of a high-speed railway pantograph and a preparation method thereof. The carbon based sliding plate material is composed of graphite, powdered coke, thermosetting phenol resins, aluminum oxide and glass powder. The preparation method of the carbon based sliding plate material comprises the steps of mixing the materials in a dry basis state, wherein a base body is formed by the graphite and the powdered coke, the thermosetting phenol resins serve as binders, and the mixture of the aluminum oxide and the glass powder serves as friction modifier; performing hot press molding; plating copper on the surface of the base body in an electric spark mode under the nitrogen atmosphere; and performing high-temperature diffusion in a plasma vacuum sintering device to obtain the carbon based sliding plate material with a surface modified layer. The carbon based sliding plate material has good lubricating performance of a pure carbon sliding plate and good conductivity of a pure metal sliding plate, and is low in cost, less in consumed energy, simple in preparation process, short in production period and suitable for manufacturing a slide plate of an electric locomotive pantograph of a high-speed railway.

Description

High speed railway pantograph charcoal base sliding material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high speed railway Material for Pantograph Slide and preparation method thereof, especially a kind of high speed railway pantograph charcoal base sliding material that is subjected to electricity for copper conductor and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The pantograph that modern railway transportation is related or shoegear with contact the electrical network wire or the mutual friction of conductor rail phase is flowed, be the power part of electric locomotive, the quality that is flowed the friction material quality has important impact to stable, safety and the reliable transportation of electric locomotive.
Material for Pantograph Slide with contact the mutual friction of electrical network wire phase and flowed; reason for guardwire; require Material for Pantograph Slide to the wearing and tearing of wire and be subjected to resistivity little, seek and study various Material for Pantograph Slide based on this, to adapt to the needs of modern railway transportation.
The material of existing pantograph pan mainly is powdered metallurgical material and carbonaceous material.The partial metallurgy slide plate mainly is divided into two kinds on iron-based slide plate and copper base slide plate.The iron-based slide plate is applicable to the steel aluminium conductor, and copper base slide plate is applicable to copper conductor.The partial metallurgy slide plate is as groundwork take metallic iron and copper powders may, add some Lubrication Compositions such as charcoal, lead and molybdenum disulphide sulfides, by mechanical mixture various homogeneous chemical compositions are distributed after, utilize hydraulic compressor with the batch mixing compression molding, after with the blank high temperature sintering, last dip lubrication oil makes.Because the partial metallurgy sliding material is metallic object, close with lead material, and also wire is static, slide plate is dynamically, so the partial metallurgy slide plate is larger to lead abrasion, and in use easily produces electric arc.
Carbon slide plate itself has good lubricity, and self-lubricating property and antifriction performance are good, and less to the wearing and tearing of wire, electromagnetic noise is little during slip, and high temperature resistant, is difficult for and wire generation weldering phenomenon.Form one deck carbon membrane at wire when carbon slide plate and copper contact wire friction, greatly improved the abrasion situation of wire.But the carbon slide plate mechanical strength is low, and poor impact resistance, particularly rainy season and humid area are prone to the part and draw ditch, accident between pantograph often occurs.In addition, the carbon slide plate intrinsic resistance is large, the current collection capacity is little, Contact Temperature is high, might cause that wire crosses thermal oxide, burns till continuous pockmark, accelerates lead abrasion, and self wearing and tearing is more serious.External comparatively advanced carbon slide plate is processed through special graphitization technique, and the fracture susceptibility reduces, and impact resistance strengthens, but this series products productive costs is higher, expensive, is unsuitable for general application as consumable accessory.
Theoretically, soaking the metal carbon slide plate is present ideal copper conductive section slide plate, be divided into integral type and assembly type two classes, both had the characteristics that partial metallurgy slide plate mechanical strength is high, electrical resistivity is little, have again pure carbon slides little to lead abrasion, easily form lubricating film and the strong premium properties of blow-out at the wire friction surface, improved the low problem of pure carbon slides mechanical strength.Through per ten thousand bows time statistics, soak high by 10%~20% to the wear resistance ratio carbon slide plate of copper conductor of metal carbon slide plate, only be 1/6~1/4 of partial metallurgy slide plate; Slide plate self abrasion loss is 2.2 times of partial metallurgy slide plate, is 1/4~1/3 of pure carbon slides.But there are a lot of defectives in it, anti-impact force is not enough, be prone to the piece phenomenon, need to guarantee by shaping the surperficial collimation of slide plate in the use procedure, complicated process of preparation, selling at exorbitant prices, production and maintenance cost are all higher, and to the wearing and tearing of copper contact line conducting wire than serious many of pure carbon slides, caused certain economical burden to locomotive depot, so such slide plate also is subject to certain limitation on using.
In sum, in the above-mentioned prior art, the partial metallurgy slide plate is very serious to the wearing and tearing of copper contact line conducting wire, and in use easily produces electric arc; Impregnating metal carbon slide plate complicated process of preparation, produce and maintenance cost all higher, and to the wearing and tearing of copper contact line conducting wire than serious many of pure carbon slides; Pure carbon slides has self-lubricating property, although lower to lead abrasion, self wear and tear more serious, and its intrinsic resistance is larger.
In order to solve above-mentioned Material for Pantograph Slide deficiency in use, in succession carried out some improvement, be that CN1468891A discloses " a kind of carbon fiber reinforced slide plate for pantograph of electric locomotive " such as publication number.This slide plate take graphite, electrolytic copper powder/copper fiber as conductive filler, carbon fiber as reinforcing material, high temperature resistant new modified phenolic resin as adhesives, through the hot-forming carbon slide for pantograph of electric locomotive of making, carbon slide plate of the present invention has good frictional behaviour, wear-resisting, long service life not only, and minimum to the wearing and tearing of contact line conducting wire, but carbon fiber and copper fiber are expensive, and fiber and graphite powder, electrolytic copper powder anchoring strength are lower, and mechanical characteristics is relatively poor.
Publication number is that CN1719549A discloses " a kind of pantograph sliding plate of assorted fibre reinforced composite material ".This slide plate is take metal gauze and assorted fibre reinforced composite material as base material and make it mutual interlayer and distribute, wherein assorted fibre reinforced composite material is take phenol resin as matrix, take assorted fibre as intensifier, with at least three kinds in rubber, graphite, copper powder, barium sulfate, the silicon dioxide as frictional property regulator, after these raw materials are fully mixed, carry out hot-formingly with metal gauze, make pantograph sliding plate of assorted fibre reinforced composite material.Though this slide plate has high mechanical property and good antiwear characteristic, but feed stock cost is higher, and more serious to lead abrasion.
It is at present domestic that to have a research report of lower friction and wear behavior and good electric conductivity very few for being flowed friction material.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is on the basis of existing technology, further improves and improve electric conductivity and the frictional behaviour of Material for Pantograph Slide, and purpose provides a kind of high speed railway pantograph charcoal base sliding material and preparation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, composition and the content thereof of a kind of high speed railway pantograph charcoal base sliding material provided by the present invention are by mass percentage: graphite 10~30 wt%, coke blacking 40~60 wt%, thermosetting phenolic resin 15~25 wt%, aluminium oxide 2~8 wt%, glass powder 1~5 wt%.
Further, select by mass percentage the composition of charcoal base sliding material and content thereof to be: graphite 20 wt%, coke blacking 50 wt%, thermosetting phenolic resin 20 wt%, aluminium oxide 6 wt%, glass powder 4 wt%.
Further, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method for above-mentioned high speed railway pantograph charcoal base sliding material, its described method is to consist of matrix with graphite and coke blacking, and its content accounts for total constituent mass percentum and is respectively 10~30 wt% and 40~60 wt%; Take thermosetting phenolic resin as adhesive agent, shared percent by weight is 15~25 wt% in total component; As friction modifiers, shared percent by weight is respectively 2~8 wt% and 1~5 wt% in total component with the compound of aluminium oxide and glass powder, above-mentioned material is carried out ball milling mix in ball grinding mill; Next is to be 60~80 ℃ in preheating temperature to carry out thermal pretreatment, insulation 2~4 h; Then be 150~250 MPa at pressure, temperature is to carry out the hot-press solidifying moulding under 180~250 ℃, and under this temperature pressurize 2~10 h; Last carbon matrix electric spark on surface copper facing 1~5h in nitrogen atmosphere, carry out sintering processes in plasma vacuum-sintering equipment, treatment temperature is 800~1000 ℃, and sintering atmosphere is argon gas, behind insulation 1~5 h, obtain to have the charcoal base sliding material of surface reforming layer.
Further, among the preparation method of above-mentioned high speed railway pantograph charcoal base sliding material, granularity selection 120~180 orders of described graphite and coke blacking; Described friction modifiers is granularity selection 150~200 orders of aluminium oxide and glass powder.
Realize the preparation method of a kind of high speed railway pantograph charcoal base sliding material provided by the present invention, compared with prior art, its advantage and good effect are: copper charcoal base sliding material forms continuous uniform in carbon matrix copper conductive network is oozed on the surface by the inventive method preparation, graphite matrix has antifriction function, wearing and tearing to contact line conducting wire are very little, and this sliding material has the good lubricating property of pure carbon slides and the good electric conductivity of simple metal slide plate concurrently.In addition, have also that cost is low, power consumption less, the advantage such as preparation technology is simple, with short production cycle, satisfy the requirement of Modern High-Speed railway electric locomotive pantograph pan.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation technology's diagram of circuit that high speed railway pantograph pan of the present invention is used based composite material of carbon.
Fig. 2 is the metallograph of charcoal base sliding material sample 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the metallograph of charcoal base sliding material sample 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the friction curve figure of charcoal base sliding material sample 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the friction curve figure of charcoal base sliding material sample 2 of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The below makes an explanation to the specific embodiment of the present invention.
Implement a kind of high speed railway pantograph of the present invention preparation method of charcoal base sliding material, its described method follows these steps to carry out:
(1) batch mixing: press the composition of charcoal base sliding material and the percent by weight of content thereof, first the graphite of 120~180 purposes, 10~30 wt% and the coke blacking of 40~60 wt% are fully mixed, the adhesive agent that adds again 15~25 wt% is thermosetting phenolic resin, 120~180 purposes, 2~8 wt% aluminium oxide and 1~5 wt% glass powder are friction modifiers, and place again ball milling of ball grinding mill, mix, Ball-milling Time is 5~15 h, makes the mold pressing powder.
(2) preheating: place vacuum drying chamber to be preheated to 60~80 ℃ the mold pressing powder, insulation 2~4 h.
(3) hot-forming: as the mold pressing powder to be inserted in the mould, in heat pressing forming machines heating pressurization, make the resin solidification moulding; Pressing pressure is 150~250 MPa, and solidification temperature is 180~250 ℃, and under this temperature pressurize 2~10 h.
(4) copper coating: in nitrogen atmosphere, adopt the surface Hardening Treatment device at the carbon matrix copper coating, copper facing time 1~5 h.
(5) sintering: the sample prepared to above-mentioned steps (4) carries out sintering processes, and treatment temperature is 800~1000 ℃, and sintering atmosphere is argon gas, and temperature retention time is 1~5 h.
Namely make a kind of high speed railway pantograph of the present invention charcoal base sliding material.
A kind of high speed railway pantograph of implementing based on the invention described above is with the preparation method of charcoal base sliding material, further select by mass percentage composition and the content thereof of charcoal base sliding material to be: graphite 20 wt%, coke blacking 50 wt%, thermosetting phenolic resin 20 wt%, aluminium oxide 6 wt% and glass powder 4 wt%, implement, can obtain obvious good effect.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing table the specific embodiment of the present invention is made further instruction.
Embodiment 1
Adopt in the pantograph pan based composite material of carbon: 130 order graphite, 15 wt%, 120 purpose coke blackings, 55 wt%, thermosetting phenolic resin 20 wt%, 150 purpose aluminium oxide, 8 wt %, 160 purpose glass powder, 2 wt%, the method that adopts dry state to mix, behind ball milling 15 h, be preheated to 80 ℃, be incubated 3 h; Under 200 MPa pressure, hot pressing 4 h under 180 ℃ of temperature; In nitrogen atmosphere, voltage is under 70 V, adopts the surface Hardening Treatment device at the carbon matrix copper coating, and the copper facing time is 5 h; In argon gas atmosphere, 800 ℃ of lower sintering 2 h make the charcoal base that contains surface reforming layer and are flowed friction material sample 1.Its metallograph as shown in Figure 2, the frictional behaviour curve as shown in Figure 4, the surface reforming layer key property is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
? Sample 1 Sample 2
Vickers hardness hv 94.5 92.3
Electrical resistivity μ Ω m 17.78 14.26
Friction coefficient 0.25 0.24
The friction testing of upper table is ball dish pattern; Friction pair is copper ball.
Embodiment 2
The pantograph pan based composite material of carbon adopts: 180 order graphite, 25 wt%, 160 purpose coke blackings, 40 wt%, thermosetting phenolic resin 25 wt%, 180 purpose aluminium oxide, 6 wt%, 190 purpose glass powder, 4 wt%, the method that adopts dry state to mix, behind ball milling 10 h, be preheated to 60 ℃, be incubated 4 h; Under 250 MPa pressure, hot pressing 8 h under 200 ℃ of temperature; In nitrogen atmosphere, under voltage 50 V, adopt the surface Hardening Treatment device at the carbon matrix copper coating, copper facing times 4 h; In argon gas atmosphere, 1000 ℃ of lower sintering 5 h make the charcoal base that contains surface reforming layer and are flowed friction material sample 2.Its metallograph as shown in Figure 3, the frictional behaviour curve as shown in Figure 5, the surface reforming layer key property is as shown in table 2 below.
Table 2
? Sample 1 Sample 2
Vickers hardness hv 94.5 92.3
Electrical resistivity μ Ω m 17.78 14.26
Friction coefficient 0.25 0.24
The friction testing of upper table is ball dish pattern; Friction pair is copper ball.

Claims (5)

1. a high speed railway pantograph is with charcoal base sliding material, composition and the content thereof of its described charcoal base sliding material are by mass percentage: graphite 10~30 wt%, coke blacking 40~60 wt%, thermosetting phenolic resin 15~25 wt%, aluminium oxide 2~8 wt%, glass powder 1~5 wt%.
2. high speed railway pantograph as claimed in claim 1 is with charcoal base sliding material, composition and the content thereof of its described charcoal base sliding material are by mass percentage: graphite 20 wt%, coke blacking 50 wt%, thermosetting phenolic resin 20 wt%, aluminium oxide 6 wt%, glass powder 4 wt%.
3. one kind is used for the preparation method that high speed railway pantograph as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is used charcoal base sliding material, and its described method is to consist of matrix with graphite and coke blacking, and its content accounts for total constituent mass percentum and is respectively 10~30 wt% and 40~60 wt%; Take thermosetting phenolic resin as adhesive agent, shared percent by weight is 15~25 wt% in total component; As friction modifiers, shared percent by weight is respectively 2~8 wt% and 1~5 wt% in total component with the compound of aluminium oxide and glass powder, above-mentioned material is carried out ball milling mix in ball grinding mill; Next is to be 60~80 ℃ in preheating temperature to carry out thermal pretreatment, insulation 2~4 h; Then be 150~250 MPa at pressure, temperature is to carry out the hot-press solidifying moulding under 180~250 ℃, and under this temperature pressurize 2~10 h; Last carbon matrix electric spark on surface copper facing 1~5 h in nitrogen atmosphere, carry out sintering processes in plasma vacuum-sintering equipment, treatment temperature is 800~1000 ℃, and sintering atmosphere is argon gas, behind insulation 1~5 h, obtain to have the charcoal base sliding material of surface reforming layer.
4. high speed railway pantograph as claimed in claim 3 is with the preparation method of charcoal base sliding material, and the granularity selection of its described graphite and coke blacking is 120~180 orders.
5. high speed railway pantograph as claimed in claim 3 is with the preparation method of charcoal base sliding material, and the granularity selection that its described friction modifiers is aluminium oxide and glass powder is 150~200 orders.
CN201210437561.9A 2012-11-06 2012-11-06 Carbon based sliding plate material of high speed railway pantograph and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102923008B (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104384515A (en) * 2014-10-22 2015-03-04 福建国福中亚电气机械有限公司 Preparation method for pantograph graphite-based sliding plate
CN104494447A (en) * 2014-10-20 2015-04-08 赵飞 Method for preparing pantograph slide plate composite carbon core of electric locomotive (including high-speed train) by using cold isostatic pressing process
CN104608641A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-05-13 江苏大学 Method for manufacturing carbon/carbon-graphite/copper pantograph sliding plate for electric locomotive
CN107162598A (en) * 2017-05-14 2017-09-15 高昕文 A kind of preparation method of Material for Pantograph Slide
CN110304934A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-08 西南交通大学 A kind of thickener, stratiform pantograph pan and preparation method thereof
CN110937899A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-03-31 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 Al (aluminum)2O3-ZrO2Preparation method of carbon sliding plate material

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IT201600129050A1 (en) * 2016-12-20 2018-06-20 Biocookup S R L PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING AN ORGANIC CONTAINER FOR FOOD COOKING.

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EP0872374A1 (en) * 1997-04-14 1998-10-21 Le Carbone-Lorraine Carbon friction strip with fault detector functioning when supplying high intensity electricity
JP2003530802A (en) * 2000-04-11 2003-10-14 カルボヌ ロレーヌ アプリカシオン エレクトリック Pantograph collector bow with composite material holder
CN1805062A (en) * 2006-01-09 2006-07-19 孙积海 Pure carbon slide plate for pantograph and its producing method
CN101830723A (en) * 2010-04-30 2010-09-15 湖南大学 Method for preparing carbon/carbon composite material for pantograph pan
CN102432293A (en) * 2011-09-26 2012-05-02 邢台驰宇电碳有限责任公司 Electric locomotive pantograph carbon slide plate

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5657842A (en) * 1995-07-10 1997-08-19 Deutsche Forschungsanstalt Fur Luft Und Raumfahrt B.V. Brush contact for a vehicle
EP0872374A1 (en) * 1997-04-14 1998-10-21 Le Carbone-Lorraine Carbon friction strip with fault detector functioning when supplying high intensity electricity
JP2003530802A (en) * 2000-04-11 2003-10-14 カルボヌ ロレーヌ アプリカシオン エレクトリック Pantograph collector bow with composite material holder
CN1805062A (en) * 2006-01-09 2006-07-19 孙积海 Pure carbon slide plate for pantograph and its producing method
CN101830723A (en) * 2010-04-30 2010-09-15 湖南大学 Method for preparing carbon/carbon composite material for pantograph pan
CN102432293A (en) * 2011-09-26 2012-05-02 邢台驰宇电碳有限责任公司 Electric locomotive pantograph carbon slide plate

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104494447A (en) * 2014-10-20 2015-04-08 赵飞 Method for preparing pantograph slide plate composite carbon core of electric locomotive (including high-speed train) by using cold isostatic pressing process
CN104384515A (en) * 2014-10-22 2015-03-04 福建国福中亚电气机械有限公司 Preparation method for pantograph graphite-based sliding plate
CN104608641A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-05-13 江苏大学 Method for manufacturing carbon/carbon-graphite/copper pantograph sliding plate for electric locomotive
CN107162598A (en) * 2017-05-14 2017-09-15 高昕文 A kind of preparation method of Material for Pantograph Slide
CN110304934A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-08 西南交通大学 A kind of thickener, stratiform pantograph pan and preparation method thereof
CN110304934B (en) * 2019-06-28 2021-11-19 西南交通大学 Paste, layered pantograph sliding plate and preparation method thereof
CN110937899A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-03-31 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 Al (aluminum)2O3-ZrO2Preparation method of carbon sliding plate material
CN110937899B (en) * 2019-11-22 2022-01-25 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 Al (aluminum)2O3-ZrO2Preparation method of carbon sliding plate material

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