CN102921733B - Wavelike roll of rolling device - Google Patents
Wavelike roll of rolling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102921733B CN102921733B CN201210398534.5A CN201210398534A CN102921733B CN 102921733 B CN102921733 B CN 102921733B CN 201210398534 A CN201210398534 A CN 201210398534A CN 102921733 B CN102921733 B CN 102921733B
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- roll
- top roll
- tooth
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wavelike roll of a rolling device. An upper roll and a lower roll are positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of a baffle plate of the rolling device respectively and are fixedly arranged on a rolling mill stand through a roll shaft; the large-diameter end of the upper roll corresponds to the small-diameter end of the lower roll; tooth tops of wavelike teeth of the upper roll correspond to tooth roots of the wavelike teeth of the lower roll; and the central line of the upper roll is parallel to the central line of the lower roll after mounting. The outer surfaces of the upper roll and the lower roll are wavelike, and wavelike teeth are formed by wave crests of a wavelike surface. According to the wavelike roll, uniform plastic machining of a shaft type part can be realized, so that the microstructure of the material is improved, the defects of the raw material can be effectively eliminated, the forming method is simple and is easy and convenient to operate, the production automation level is high, the continuous machining performance is good, and the production efficiency of products is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to forged shaft blanker mould, specifically a kind of raising forged shaft preforming roll forging forging property and inhomogeneity wave roller device.
Background technology
Being applied in industrial production of axial workpiece has very important status, and as truck drive shaft, main shaft, rotor etc., axial workpiece plays other parts of supporting, the effect of transmitting motion and power in machine.Axial workpiece lost efficacy, and tended to reduce the kinematic accuracy of parts on shaft, shortened the service life of parts on shaft, even may cause being difficult to the catastrophic failure of expectation, so axial workpiece quality is had to higher requirement.Therefore when forging base shaping, axial workpiece has strict specification requirement.
Axial workpiece adopts forging method base to be shaped can improve its comprehensive mechanical property.Select suitable forging and forming technology can greatly improve material tissue, eliminate the defects such as loose, crackle in material, pore, improve deformation uniformity and the serviceability of material.The forging blank-making method of at present conventional axial workpiece has: horizontal V-shaped anvil forging method, JTS forging (also claiming warm forging), wide anvil are suppressed forging method (being WHF method) and extrusion.Adopt above-mentioned forging blank-making method, make material heart portion form three-dimensional compressive stress state and effectively seam, eliminate the defects such as the shrinkage cavity of material internal, loose and bubble, and improve tissue and the serviceability of forging.But, when adopting the blank of horizontal V-shaped anvil shaping axial workpiece, though as select short-thick type steel ingot direct drawing out method to be shaped, be difficult to meet the requirements of forging ratio.If employing JTS forging, the plastically deforming area of material is little, and resistance of deformation is large.Wide anvil is suppressed forging rule and is required blank temperature high, and when this suppresses for the not so good material of some plasticity, blank surface is prone to forge hinders defect.Adopt pressing method to carry out plastic working, although can reduce machining amount, equipment tonnage and mould strength are all had to very high requirement.
In recent years, many scientists realize the structure refinement of material by large or severe plastic deformation (SPD), improve performance, the most frequently used method has Equal Channel Angular Pressing (the Equal Channel Angular Press of the propositions such as Segal, ECAP), its principle is a certain amount of homogeneous shear effect that produces at channel corner place by squeezing action, thereby and through being repeatedly out of shape and making material grains refinement.But it is out of shape even not first, must could obtain more uniform Strain Distribution through repeatedly changing processing route distortion, and accessory size and shape are limited to some extent, shaping tonnage is large, and equipment and mold condition is high.Adopt cross wedge rolling method can improve the rolled piece quality of axial workpiece, but produce violent plastic deformation uniformly and improve utilization rate of equipment and installations in order to realize rolled piece, need further improve.Its principle of wave roller press is to utilize roll surface pressing materials, material is realized broken in shear action, if China Patent No. is No. 200420065303.3 utility model patents, notification number CN2699990Y, date of publication is on May 18th, 2005, disclose a kind of waveform roll surface synchronously to transfer roller press, by squeezing action, industrial material has been carried out to fragmentation.Adopt at present wave roller press not have correlative study to Metal Forming aspect, if wave roller swaging face is designed, for improving processing metal blank, can obtain evenly violent plasticity blank, also effectively raise utilization rate of equipment and installations simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the axle class blank forging property that exists in prior art and the contradiction between uniformity and utilization rate of equipment and installations, the present invention proposes a kind of wave roller of roll milling apparatus.
The present invention includes top roll and lower roll, described top roll and lower roll lay respectively at upper surface and the lower surface of described this roll milling apparatus baffle plate, and are fixed in rolling-mill housing by roll shaft; The larger diameter end of top roll is corresponding with the smaller diameter end of lower roll, and makes the tooth top of top roll waveform tooth corresponding with the tooth root of lower roll waveform tooth; The center line of the top roll after installation and the center line of lower roll are parallel to each other;
Described top roll be cone identical with lower roll structure, and the outer surface of this top roll and lower roll is waveform, has formed waveform tooth by the crest of wavy surface;
The curvilinear equation of described top roll larger diameter end is R
1+ r
1* sin(ω t), the curvilinear equation of top roll smaller diameter end is R
2+ r
2* sin(ω t); Wherein: R
1and R
2be respectively the base radius of top roll larger diameter end and smaller diameter end, r
1and r
2be respectively the waveforms amplitude of top roll larger diameter end and smaller diameter end, ω is angular frequency, and t is central angle radian;
The profile of described top roll is waveform, and by the crest of each waveform, has been formed the curved surface tooth of this top roll outer surface, and the tooth depth of this curved surface tooth is the waveforms amplitude of 2 times; The outer surface of described top roll and lower roll has tooth breach.
The tooth breach of described top roll and lower roll outer surface is that any one curved surface tooth on top roll outer surface is removed to formation from basic circle along cone roller centerline direction.
The present invention has proposed cone waveform pair roller distortion die device for a kind of roll forging according to transverse rolling Deformation Theory.This mold device is comprised of identical two rollers up and down of structure, each roller is divided into big or small two ends, two ends sectional profile curve lin is waveform, and specifically the distance at the end section center of contour curve and roller is R+r * sin(ω t) (wherein: R is base radius, r is waveforms amplitude, angular frequency is relevant to sin period of a function, t is central angle radian, and its span is 0~2 π), the contour curve of big or small both ends of the surface is similar shape, radius R changes to some extent, and wherein large end face radius is R
1, waveforms amplitude is r
1, small end face radius is R
2, waveforms amplitude is r
2, from large end face to small end face, be Linear smoother transition, for convenience of charging discharging, to the ripple tooth (crest) in cone wave roller, by basic circle, (base radius at heavy in section end is R
1, at the base radius of small bore end, be R
2, base radius is from heavy in section end to small bore end line smooth transition) along the inswept formed curved surface of cone roller centerline direction, prune.Adopt the staggered combination of two cone wave rollers, the center line of up-down rollers is parallel, the fixing assembling in position one on the other, and can adjust distance between center line change roll gap gap, to adapt to the axle processing of different size, during work, the heavy in section end of top roll and the small bore end of lower roll are corresponding, the wave trough position of the waveform tooth of the corresponding lower roll of crest location of the waveform tooth of top roll, and top roll tooth breach is adjacent with lower roll tooth breach, top roll tooth breach is positioned at next position of engagement of the lower roll tooth breach direction of motion.Such structure can make two distances between the roll surface contacting with blank keep constant.Blank is carried out to roll forging transverse rolling and add man-hour, two rollers, with identical angular speed and identical rotation direction motion, also can produce tangential and axial shear action to blank when can apply compression to blank between wave roller.Theoretical according to surrender, deformable body enters mecystasis and is more prone to, and is out of shape under compressive stress state, thereby deformation load is reduced, and contributes to the plastic history of material, is suitable for the elimination of the inner microdefect of blank simultaneously.After the processing of this die device, blank by further rounding after its internal modification amount large and be evenly distributed.Checking shows that this device is reasonable in design reliable, and manufacturing process is simple, easy and simple to handle, and production automation level is high, and contributes to improve the production efficiency of product.
The present invention, by the process and remould of conventional roll or design supporting roll forging die enabling, can realize the even plastic working to axial workpiece, improves Fine Texture of Material, can effectively eliminate material defects, and scrap build is simple, continuously good processability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is rolling mill structure schematic diagram
Accompanying drawing 2 is schematic three dimensional views of taper wave roller assembling after assembling;
Accompanying drawing 3 is side views of taper wave roller after assembling;
Accompanying drawing 4 is structure three-view diagrams of single cone wave roller, and wherein: Fig. 4 a is the side view of single cone wave roller, Fig. 4 b is the front view of single cone wave roller; Fig. 4 c is the top view of single cone wave roller.
In figure:
1. milling train transmission mechanism 2. rolling-mill housing 3. top roll 4. baffle plate 5. lower roll 6. blanks
7. large end waveform 9. top roll tooth breach 10. lower roll tooth breach of roll shaft 8. cone
11. cone small end waveform R
1. large end face base radius R
2. small end face base radius
R
1. large end face waveforms amplitude r
2. small end face waveforms amplitude
The specific embodiment
Embodiment mono-
The present embodiment is a kind of processing unit (plant) for forged shaft base, comprises milling train transmission mechanism 1, rolling-mill housing 2, top roll 3, lower roll 5 and baffle plate 4.Described milling train transmission mechanism 1, rolling-mill housing 2 all adopt prior art.Baffle plate 4 is fixed on the middle part of rolling-mill housing 2.Described top roll 3 and lower roll 5 are cone, and the outer surface of this top roll 3 and lower roll 5 is waveform, crest by wavy surface has formed waveform tooth, and described top roll 3 and lower roll 5 lay respectively at upper surface and the lower surface of described baffle plate 4, and is fixed in rolling-mill housing 2 by roll shaft 7.During installation, the larger diameter end of top roll 3 is corresponding with the smaller diameter end of lower roll 5, and makes the tooth top of top roll 3 waveform teeth corresponding with the tooth root of lower roll 5 waveform teeth, to meet the engagement of described top roll 3 and lower roll 5.The center line of the top roll 3 after installation and the center line of lower roll 5 are parallel to each other.
Described top roll 3 and lower roll 5 are cone, and structure is identical.In the present embodiment, the top roll 3 of take is described its architectural feature as example.
The curvilinear equation of described top roll 3 larger diameter end is R
1+ r
1* sin(ω t), the curvilinear equation of top roll 3 smaller diameter end is R
2+ r
2* sin(ω t).Wherein: R
1and R
2be respectively the base radius of top roll 3 larger diameter end and smaller diameter end, r
1and r
2be respectively the waveforms amplitude of top roll 3 larger diameter end and smaller diameter end, ω is angular frequency, and t is central angle radian.
In the present embodiment, the base radius R of top roll 3 larger diameter end
1for 125mm, waveforms amplitude r
1for 5mm, angular frequency is 16, and central angle radian t is 0~2 π.
In the present embodiment, the base radius R of top roll 3 smaller diameter end
2for 120mm, waveforms amplitude r
2for 5mm, angular frequency is 16, and central angle radian t is 0~2 π.
The profile of described top roll 3 is waveform, and by the crest of each waveform, has been formed the curved surface tooth of these top roll 3 outer surfaces, and its tooth depth is 10mm.Any one curved surface tooth on top roll 3 outer surfaces is removed along cone roller centerline direction from basic circle, made top roll 3 these places form tooth breach.
During installation, top roll 3 and lower roll 5 are pressed rightabout assembling, it is the small bore end of the corresponding lower roll 5 of heavy in section end of top roll 3, the heavy in section end of the corresponding lower roll 5 of small bore end of while top roll 3, the center line of up-down rollers is parallel, the wave trough position of the corresponding lower roll 5 ripple teeth of crest location of top roll 3 ripple teeth, the engagement while meeting up-down rollers rotation.On top roll 3, on the initial position of tooth breach and lower roll 5, the initial position of tooth breach is staggered, and make between tooth breach, to have on described upper tooth breach and lower roll 5 phasic difference of a tooth, and the tooth breach of top roll 3 is positioned at next position of engagement of the lower roll 5 tooth breach directions of motion.Lower roll 5 is fixed in frame, realizes the traveling priority up and down of described top roll 3 by worm-and-wheel gear of the prior art, to adjust roll shop building distance, for the axle processing of different size.
After installation, the center line of top roll and the center line of lower roll are parallel to each other, and the spacing between the described top roll outer surface adjacent with lower roll must be less than the diameter 1mm of blank.
During use, top roll and lower roll all rotate around center line separately along clockwise direction with 1rad/s speed.By diameter 16mm; the aluminum alloy blank of long 200mm is put into the adjacent trough of lower roll 5 tooth breach through being heated to 450 ℃ of insulations after 15 minutes, and along with the rotation of up-down rollers, blank is brought into; blank contacts with upper roll surface thereupon, at baffle plate protection lower device, blank is started to carry out transverse rolling.Blank, under up-down rollers drives, rotatablely moves along roll surface, after the roll forging processing rotating a circle through up-down rollers, blank is corresponding with upper roll surface toothless portion) position again, now go up roll surface and blank disengages, blank is dished out and is left roll-in section under lower roll drives, and completes discharging.
For the blank after the processing of cone wave roller, because blank circularity after rolling can decline to some extent, so need carry out rounding to the blank after wave roller processing.
Embodiment bis-
The present embodiment is a kind of processing unit (plant) for forged shaft base, comprises milling train transmission mechanism 1, rolling-mill housing 2, top roll 3, lower roll 5 and baffle plate 4.Described milling train transmission mechanism 1, rolling-mill housing 2 all adopt prior art.Baffle plate 4 is fixed on the middle part of rolling-mill housing 2.Described top roll 3 and lower roll 5 are cone, and the outer surface of this top roll 3 and lower roll 5 is waveform, crest by wavy surface has formed waveform tooth, and described top roll 3 and lower roll 5 lay respectively at upper surface and the lower surface of described baffle plate 4, and is fixed in rolling-mill housing 2 by roll shaft 7.During installation, the larger diameter end of top roll 3 is corresponding with the smaller diameter end of lower roll 5, and makes the tooth top of top roll 3 waveform teeth corresponding with the tooth root of lower roll 5 waveform teeth, to meet the engagement of described top roll 3 and lower roll 5.The center line of the top roll 3 after installation and the center line of lower roll 5 are parallel to each other.
Described top roll 3 and lower roll 5 are cone, and structure is identical.In the present embodiment, the top roll 3 of take is described its architectural feature as example.
The curvilinear equation of described top roll 3 larger diameter end is R
1+ r
1* sin(ω t), the curvilinear equation of top roll 3 smaller diameter end is R
2+ r
2* sin(ω t).Wherein: R
1and R
2be respectively the base radius of top roll 3 larger diameter end and smaller diameter end, r
1and r
2be respectively the waveforms amplitude of top roll 3 larger diameter end and smaller diameter end, ω is angular frequency, and t is central angle radian.
In the present embodiment, the base radius R of top roll 3 larger diameter end
1for 240mm, waveforms amplitude r
1for 10mm, angular frequency is 12, and central angle radian t is 0~2 π.
In the present embodiment, the base radius R of top roll 3 smaller diameter end
2for 200mm, waveforms amplitude r
2for 10mm, angular frequency is 12, and central angle radian t is 0~2 π.
The profile of described top roll 3 is waveform, and by the crest of each waveform, has been formed the curved surface tooth of these top roll 3 outer surfaces, and its tooth depth is 20mm.Any one curved surface tooth on top roll 3 outer surfaces is removed along cone roller centerline direction from basic circle, made top roll 3 these places form tooth breach.
During installation, top roll 3 and lower roll 5 are pressed rightabout assembling, it is the small bore end of the corresponding lower roll 5 of heavy in section end of top roll 3, the heavy in section end of the corresponding lower roll 5 of small bore end of while top roll 3, the center line of up-down rollers is parallel, the wave trough position of the corresponding lower roll 5 ripple teeth of crest location of top roll 3 ripple teeth, the engagement while meeting up-down rollers rotation.On top roll 3, on the initial position of tooth breach and lower roll 5, the initial position of tooth breach is staggered, and make between tooth breach, to have on described upper tooth breach and lower roll 5 phasic difference of a tooth, and the tooth breach of top roll 3 is positioned at next position of engagement of the lower roll 5 tooth breach directions of motion.Lower roll 5 is fixed in frame, realizes the traveling priority up and down of described top roll 3 by worm-and-wheel gear of the prior art, to adjust roll shop building distance, for the axle processing of different size.
After installation, the center line of top roll and the center line of lower roll are parallel to each other, and the spacing between the described top roll outer surface adjacent with lower roll must be less than the diameter 2mm of blank.
During use, top roll and lower roll all rotate around center line separately along clockwise direction with 0.8rad/s speed.By diameter 32mm; No. 45 steel billet material of long 300mm are heated to 800 ℃ of insulations and put into the adjacent trough of lower roll 5 tooth breach after half an hour, and along with the rotation of up-down rollers, blank is brought into; blank contacts with upper roll surface thereupon, at baffle plate protection lower device, blank is started to carry out transverse rolling.Blank, under up-down rollers drives, rotatablely moves along roll surface, after the roll forging processing rotating a circle through up-down rollers, blank is corresponding with upper roll surface toothless portion) position again, now go up roll surface and blank disengages, blank is dished out and is left roll-in section under lower roll drives, and completes discharging.
For the blank after the processing of cone wave roller, because blank circularity after rolling can decline to some extent, so need carry out rounding to the blank after wave roller processing.
Embodiment tri-
The present embodiment is a kind of processing unit (plant) for forged shaft base, comprises milling train transmission mechanism 1, rolling-mill housing 2, top roll 3, lower roll 5 and baffle plate 4.Described milling train transmission mechanism 1, rolling-mill housing 2 all adopt prior art.Baffle plate 4 is fixed on the middle part of rolling-mill housing 2.Described top roll 3 and lower roll 5 are cone, and the outer surface of this top roll 3 and lower roll 5 is waveform, crest by wavy surface has formed waveform tooth, and described top roll 3 and lower roll 5 lay respectively at upper surface and the lower surface of described baffle plate 4, and is fixed in rolling-mill housing 2 by roll shaft 7.During installation, the larger diameter end of top roll 3 is corresponding with the smaller diameter end of lower roll 5, and makes the tooth top of top roll 3 waveform teeth corresponding with the tooth root of lower roll 5 waveform teeth, to meet the engagement of described top roll 3 and lower roll 5.The center line of the top roll 3 after installation and the center line of lower roll 5 are parallel to each other.
Described top roll 3 and lower roll 5 are cone, and structure is identical.In the present embodiment, the top roll 3 of take is described its architectural feature as example.
The curvilinear equation of described top roll 3 larger diameter end is R
1+ r
1* sin(ω t), the curvilinear equation of top roll 3 smaller diameter end is R
2+ r
2* sin(ω t).Wherein: R
1and R
2be respectively the base radius of top roll 3 larger diameter end and smaller diameter end, r
1and r
2be respectively the waveforms amplitude of top roll 3 larger diameter end and smaller diameter end, ω is angular frequency, and t is central angle radian.
In the present embodiment, the base radius R of top roll 3 larger diameter end
1for 300mm, waveforms amplitude r
1for 15mm, angular frequency is 12, and central angle radian t is 0~2 π.
In the present embodiment, the base radius R of top roll 3 smaller diameter end
2for 250mm, waveforms amplitude r
2for 15mm, angular frequency is 12, and central angle radian t is 0~2 π.
The profile of described top roll 3 is waveform, and by the crest of each waveform, has been formed the curved surface tooth of these top roll 3 outer surfaces, and its tooth depth is 30mm.Any one curved surface tooth on top roll 3 outer surfaces is removed along cone roller centerline direction from basic circle, made top roll 3 these places form tooth breach.
During installation, top roll 3 and lower roll 5 are pressed rightabout assembling, it is the small bore end of the corresponding lower roll 5 of heavy in section end of top roll 3, the heavy in section end of the corresponding lower roll 5 of small bore end of while top roll 3, the center line of up-down rollers is parallel, the wave trough position of the corresponding lower roll 5 ripple teeth of crest location of top roll 3 ripple teeth, the engagement while meeting up-down rollers rotation.On top roll 3, on the initial position of tooth breach and lower roll 5, the initial position of tooth breach is staggered, and make between tooth breach, to have on described upper tooth breach and lower roll 5 phasic difference of a tooth, and the tooth breach of top roll 3 is positioned at next position of engagement of the lower roll 5 tooth breach directions of motion.Lower roll 5 is fixed in frame, realizes the traveling priority up and down of described top roll 3 by worm-and-wheel gear of the prior art, to adjust roll shop building distance, for the axle processing of different size.
After installation, the center line of top roll and the center line of lower roll are parallel to each other, and the spacing between the described top roll outer surface adjacent with lower roll must be less than the diameter 3mm of blank.
During use, top roll and lower roll all rotate around center line separately along clockwise direction with 0.5rad/s speed.By diameter 53mm; the steel alloy blank of long 400mm is heated to 1000 ℃ of insulations and puts into the adjacent trough of lower roll 5 tooth breach after half an hour, and along with the rotation of up-down rollers, blank is brought into; blank contacts with upper roll surface thereupon, at baffle plate protection lower device, blank is started to carry out transverse rolling.Blank, under up-down rollers drives, rotatablely moves along roll surface, after the roll forging processing rotating a circle through up-down rollers, blank is corresponding with upper roll surface toothless portion) position again, now go up roll surface and blank disengages, blank is dished out and is left roll-in section under lower roll drives, and completes discharging.
For the blank after the processing of cone wave roller, because blank circularity after rolling can decline to some extent, so need carry out rounding to the blank after wave roller processing.
For the blank after the processing of cone wave roller, because blank circularity after rolling can decline to some extent, so need carry out rounding to the blank after wave roller processing.
Claims (2)
1. a wave roller for roll milling apparatus, is characterized in that, comprises top roll and lower roll, and described top roll and lower roll lay respectively at upper surface and the lower surface of this roll milling apparatus baffle plate, and is fixed in rolling-mill housing by roll shaft; Spacing between the adjacent outer surface of top roll and lower roll must be less than the diameter of blank; The larger diameter end of top roll is corresponding with the smaller diameter end of lower roll, and makes the tooth top of top roll waveform tooth corresponding with the tooth root of lower roll waveform tooth; The center line of the top roll after installation and the center line of lower roll are parallel to each other; Described roll milling apparatus baffle plate is fixed on the middle part of rolling-mill housing;
Described top roll be cone identical with lower roll structure, and the outer surface of this top roll and lower roll is waveform, has formed waveform tooth by the crest of wavy surface;
The curvilinear equation of described top roll larger diameter end is R
1+ r
1* sin(ω t), the curvilinear equation of top roll smaller diameter end is R
2+ r
2* sin(ω t); Wherein: R
1and R
2be respectively the base radius of top roll larger diameter end and smaller diameter end, r
1and r
2be respectively the waveforms amplitude of top roll larger diameter end and smaller diameter end, ω is angular frequency, and t is central angle radian; The profile of described top roll is waveform, and by the crest of each waveform, has been formed the curved surface tooth of this top roll outer surface, and the tooth depth of this curved surface tooth is the waveforms amplitude of 2 times; The outer surface of described top roll and lower roll has tooth breach.
2. a kind of wave roller of roll milling apparatus as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the tooth breach of described top roll and lower roll outer surface is that any one curved surface tooth on this top roll outer surface and lower roll outer surface is removed to formation from basic circle along cone roller centerline direction.
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CN201210398534.5A CN102921733B (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2012-10-18 | Wavelike roll of rolling device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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---|---|---|---|
CN201210398534.5A CN102921733B (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2012-10-18 | Wavelike roll of rolling device |
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CN102921733B true CN102921733B (en) | 2014-08-20 |
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