CN102921567B - Protection method and protection equipment for centrifugal machine - Google Patents
Protection method and protection equipment for centrifugal machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a protection method and protection equipment for a centrifugal machine. The method is characterized in that a photoelectric sensor is adopted to detect the degree of unbalance of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine and an alarm is given on the condition that the degree of unbalance is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold. Through the method and the equipment disclosed by the invention, the problem that the degree of unbalance of the centrifugal machine is detected by triggering a mechanical position switch in correlation techniques is solved, the detection precision is improved, and a technical support is provided for whole-process protection of the centrifugal machine in a working state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of control, in particular to a protection method and equipment for a centrifugal machine.
Background
The centrifugal machine is an instrument which can rotate to make the rotated object do sedimentation movement under the action of centrifugal force, thereby utilizing the difference of sedimentation speeds of different substances in a centrifugal force field to realize sample separation. The method is widely applied to the fields of stem biological cell separation, pharmacy, medicine, petrochemical industry, agriculture, food sanitation, nuclear raw material purification and the like. The high-speed centrifuges have rotational speeds of 10000 rpm or more, and those having rotational speeds of more than 30000 rpm are generally called ultracentrifuges. The centrifugal force is larger along with the higher rotating speed, and the sample separation effect is better; particularly in the fields of biomedical engineering, biopharmaceuticals and the like, the ultracentrifuge is an indispensable experimental instrument and production equipment. At present, the international advanced ultracentrifuge rotating speed can reach 150000 rpm.
The rotation of the centrifuge rotor is driven by a microprocessor via a control circuit by means of an electric motor. The connection mode is that the motor is connected with a rotating shaft through a bearing, and the rotating shaft is connected with a rotor. When the speed is very high, the rotor may not run well if rotor problems, tube breakage and sample spillage, spindle problems or drive motor problems occur. The unbalance detection of the rotor is crucial, the unbalance of the rotor can cause the rotating shaft to swing, the service life of the centrifugal machine is influenced, and in severe cases, the rotating shaft or even the head is broken, so that the safety accident of machine damage and human death is caused.
At present, the unbalance detection of the centrifuge detects the unbalance by detecting the swing distance of the rotating shaft, a physical detection mode is adopted, namely, a mechanical position unbalance identification system is relied on, a mechanical position switch exists in the system, when the rotating shaft has larger swing amplitude, the mechanical position switch can be touched, and the unbalance of a rotor can be found at the moment. However, since the mechanical position switch is triggered to detect the imbalance, the mechanical switch cannot detect the imbalance at the initial stage, so that the imbalance cannot be found in time when the fault just occurs.
Aiming at the problem caused by detecting the unbalance degree of the centrifugal machine by adopting a mode of triggering a mechanical position switch in the related technology, an effective solution is not provided at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a protection method and equipment for a centrifugal machine, which at least solve the problem caused by detecting the unbalance degree of the centrifugal machine by triggering a mechanical position switch in the related art.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of protecting a centrifuge, including: monitoring the unbalance degree of a rotating shaft of the centrifuge by adopting a photoelectric sensor; and alarming when the unbalance is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold value.
Preferably, the monitoring of the unbalance of the centrifuge rotating shaft using the photosensor includes: and monitoring the unbalance degree of the rotating shaft of the centrifuge by adopting a photoelectric amplitude sensor.
Preferably, monitoring the unbalance of the centrifuge rotor shaft with a photoelectric amplitude sensor comprises: monitoring the amplitudes of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine in different directions by adopting a photoelectric amplitude sensor; and obtaining the unbalance degree according to the difference of the amplitudes in different directions.
Preferably, after the alarm is performed when the degree of unbalance is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold, the method further includes: and controlling the motor of the centrifuge to decelerate and/or stop the operation of the motor under the condition that the unbalance degree is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold value.
Preferably, the second threshold is determined in dependence on at least one of the following factors: the rotor weight of the centrifuge, the weight of the separated reagents, the operational phase of the centrifuge.
Preferably, the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.
Preferably, the first threshold is determined in dependence on at least one of the following factors: the rotor weight of the centrifuge, the weight of the separated reagents, the operational phase of the centrifuge.
Preferably, the protection method of the centrifuge is applied to an ultracentrifuge.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a protection apparatus of a centrifuge, including: the photoelectric sensor is used for acquiring the unbalance degree of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine; the processor is connected with the photoelectric sensor and used for receiving the unbalance and sending an alarm instruction to an alarm when the unbalance is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold value; and the alarm is connected with the processor and used for receiving the alarm instruction from the processor and giving an alarm.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises: and the controller is connected with the processor and is used for receiving a control command sent by the processor under the condition that the unbalance is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold value, and controlling the motor of the centrifuge to decelerate and/or stop the motor according to the control command.
Preferably, the photosensor is a photoelectric amplitude sensor.
Preferably, the photoelectric amplitude sensor is configured to monitor amplitudes of the centrifuge rotating shaft in different directions, wherein a difference between the amplitudes in the different directions is used to obtain the imbalance.
Preferably, the photoelectric sensor is also used for collecting the unbalance degree of the rotating shaft of the ultracentrifuge.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises: and the display is connected with the processor and used for receiving a display instruction sent by the processor under the condition that the unbalance is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and displaying the unbalance according to the display instruction.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, a photoelectric sensor is adopted to monitor the unbalance degree of the rotating shaft of the centrifuge; under the condition that the degree of unbalance is greater than or equal to the predetermined first threshold value, the mode of reporting to the police has been solved and has been adopted the mode that triggers mechanical position switch to detect the problem that leads to centrifuge's degree of unbalance among the correlation technique, has promoted the detection precision, provides technical support for the realization under to centrifuge operating condition's whole protection.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of protecting a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a structure of a protecting apparatus of a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first block diagram of a preferred structure of a protecting device of a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram II of a preferred structure of a protecting apparatus of a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an ultracentrifuge imbalance detection and protection scheme according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an overspeed centrifuge imbalance detection and protection circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In this embodiment, a protection method for a centrifuge is provided, and fig. 1 is a flowchart of a protection method for a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
step S102, monitoring the unbalance degree of a rotating shaft of the centrifuge by using a photoelectric sensor;
and step S104, alarming when the unbalance is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold value.
The above-mentioned step is passed through to this embodiment, adopt photoelectric sensor monitoring centrifuge shaft's unbalance degree, and report to the police under the condition that unbalance degree is greater than or equal to first threshold value, owing to adopt photoelectric sensor to detect, even there is very little unbalance degree in centrifuge shaft, can both detect, it is very high to detect the precision, and no matter under what kind of situation of centrifuge work, the homoenergetic detects, it is less to the detection condition injectd, the problem that leads to is detected to centrifuge's unbalance degree to the mode that adopts trigger mechanical position switch among the correlation technique has been solved, the detection precision has been promoted, whole protection under the centrifuge operating condition provides technical support for the realization.
Because ultracentrifuge compares ordinary centrifuge to the unbalance degree demand and says that the precision is higher, consequently the protection method that this embodiment provided can be applied to ultracentrifuge's unbalance degree especially and detect to promote ultracentrifuge's work safety nature and reliability.
Preferably, the unbalance degree of the centrifuge rotating shaft can be monitored by adopting a photoelectric amplitude sensor, the acceleration of the centrifuge rotating shaft can be directly obtained in such a way, and the acceleration can be converted into the unbalance degree of the centrifuge rotating shaft easily, and of course, other photoelectric sensors can be used for monitoring.
Preferably, in the case of monitoring the unbalance of the centrifuge rotating shaft by using the photoelectric amplitude sensor, the obtained acceleration of the centrifuge rotating shaft may be converted into amplitudes of the centrifuge rotating shaft in different directions, and then the unbalance may be obtained according to differences of the amplitudes in different directions.
As a preferred embodiment, if the unbalance is greater than or equal to the preset second threshold, the motor of the centrifuge may be controlled to decelerate and/or stop the operation of the motor. By the mode, the operation of the unbalanced rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine can be automatically stopped, the danger is avoided, and the centrifugal machine can be operated again after the fault is eliminated.
When the mechanical position switch is triggered for detection, the detection standard of the unbalance degree cannot be adjusted according to the operation stage of the whole centrifuge. For example, when in the acceleration phase, the rotor swing amplitude in normal operation may also be large, resulting in physical contact with the mechanical switch, but this is a normal phenomenon, resulting in unscientific detection results. Thus, as a preferred embodiment, the second threshold may be determined based on the weight of the rotor of the centrifuge, the weight of the separated reagent, and the operational phase of the centrifuge. Because the unbalance threshold value which can be accepted by the centrifuge is different along with the weight of the centrifuge rotor, the weight of the separated reagent and the operation stage of the centrifuge, the operation condition of the unbalanced rotating shaft of the centrifuge can be dynamically and quantitatively determined according to the weight of different centrifuge rotors, the weight of the separated reagent, the operation stage of the centrifuge and other factors, so that the operation safety of the centrifuge is higher.
Preferably, the alarm and the manner of controlling the motor of the centrifuge to decelerate and/or stop the operation of the motor may be used in combination, for example, the second threshold is set to be greater than the first threshold, in this case, when the unbalance of the centrifuge meets the first threshold, the alarm may be first performed to notify the related personnel of the fact, and when the unbalance of the centrifuge further increases and meets the second threshold, the motor of the centrifuge may be automatically controlled to decelerate and/or stop the operation of the motor, so as to wait for the related personnel to go ahead to eliminate the fault, thereby avoiding the occurrence of danger.
When the mechanical position switch is triggered to detect, the rotor has large swing amplitude in the acceleration stage and can be in physical contact with the mechanical switch, so that the detection can be realized, but the normal phenomenon is generated at the moment. After the operation, the mechanical switch cannot detect imbalance at the initial stage, and the imbalance can only be detected seriously, but a serious safety accident may occur at the moment. Thus, as a preferred embodiment, the first threshold value may also be determined based on the weight of the rotor of the centrifuge, the weight of the separated reagent, and the operating phase of the centrifuge. As the unbalance threshold values which can be accepted by the centrifuge are different along with the weight of the centrifuge rotor, the weight of the separated reagent and the operation stage of the centrifuge, the alarm condition can be dynamically and quantitatively determined according to the weight of different centrifuge rotors, the weight of the separated reagent, the operation stage of the centrifuge and other factors, and the setting is more humanized.
Corresponding to the above method, the present embodiment further provides a centrifuge protection device, which is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and the description of the device is omitted. Although the components described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementations in hardware or a combination of software and hardware are also possible and contemplated.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a protecting apparatus of a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the apparatus including: a photosensor 22, a processor 24, and an alarm 26. The above components will be described in detail below.
The photoelectric sensor 22 is used for acquiring the unbalance degree of the rotating shaft of the centrifuge; the processor 24 is connected with the photoelectric sensor 22 and is used for receiving the unbalance degree collected by the photoelectric sensor 22 and sending an alarm instruction to the alarm 26 when the unbalance degree is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold value; and the alarm 26 is connected with the processor 24 and used for receiving the alarm command from the processor 24 and giving an alarm.
This embodiment passes through above-mentioned part, adopt photoelectric sensor 22 to monitor the unbalance degree of centrifuge pivot, and report to the police by alarm 26 under the condition that unbalance degree is greater than or equal to first threshold value, because it detects to adopt photoelectric sensor 22, even there is very little unbalance degree in the centrifuge pivot, can both detect out, it is very high to detect the precision, and no matter under what kind of situation of centrifuge work, the homoenergetic detects, it is less to the detection condition injectd, the problem that leads to is detected to the unbalance degree of centrifuge to the mode that adopts the trigger mechanical position switch among the correlation technique has been solved, the detection precision has been promoted, whole protection under the centrifuge operating condition provides technical support for the realization.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a preferred structure of a protecting device of a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the protecting device may further include: and the controller 32 is connected with the processor 24 and is used for receiving a control command sent by the processor 24 under the condition that the unbalance degree is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold value, and controlling the motor of the centrifuge to decelerate and/or stop the operation of the motor according to the control command.
Preferably, the photosensor 22 may be a photoelectric amplitude sensor. Preferably, the photoelectric amplitude sensor can be used for monitoring the amplitude of the centrifuge rotor shaft in different directions, wherein the difference of the amplitudes in different directions is used for obtaining the degree of unbalance.
Preferably, the device can also be used for protecting the ultracentrifuge, for example, the photoelectric sensor 22 can be made to detect the unbalance of the rotating shaft of the ultracentrifuge.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a preferred structure of a protecting device of a centrifuge according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 4, the protecting device may further include: and the display 42 is connected with the processor 24 and used for receiving a display instruction sent by the processor 24 when the unbalance degree is larger than or equal to the first threshold value and displaying the unbalance degree according to the display instruction.
The following describes the preferred embodiments and implementations of the preferred embodiments in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the following preferred embodiment, the unbalance detection of the ultracentrifuge is taken as an example for explanation, and a non-contact intelligent unbalance detection and protection scheme is provided, a photoelectric amplitude sensor is adopted and matched with data processing software, the amplitude measured by the sensor is converted into unbalance through the data processing software, the weight of specific and separated reagents of each rotor can be monitored in the whole process of centrifugation, the defects that a mechanical position unbalance identification system needs to be operated according to the swing distance of a rotating shaft and can only act in an acceleration stage are overcome, the unbalance response and the rotor stability caused by high-speed operation, test tube breakage and sample overflow can be detected at any speed, and the whole process protection of the ultracentrifuge is realized.
The protection scheme adopts a photoelectric amplitude sensor and data processing software, can detect the specific weight of each rotor and the swing amplitude of the motor rotating shaft, obtains the unbalance degree of the rotor through calculation, and monitors the whole centrifugal process. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overspeed centrifuge unbalance detection and protection scheme according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, where M denotes the centrifuge, 52 is the rotor, 54 is the motor shaft, 56 is the motor, 58 is the photoelectric amplitude sensor, 60 is the signal conditioning circuit, 62 is the microprocessor, and 64 is the motor control circuit. FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an overspeed centrifuge imbalance detection and protection circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 5, the preferred embodiment provides an unbalance detection and protection system for an ultracentrifuge, which includes an optical-to-electrical amplitude sensor 58, a signal conditioning circuit 60, a microprocessor 62, and a motor control circuit 64. As shown in fig. 6, the working principle is that a photoelectric amplitude sensor detects the vibration amplitude (amplitude) of a motor rotating shaft and sends an output signal to a signal conditioning circuit, the signal conditioning circuit finishes filtering, amplifying and shaping of an amplitude signal and then sends the amplitude signal to a microprocessor, the microprocessor performs analog-to-digital conversion on the signal, and calculates the unbalance degree through data processing software, when the unbalance degree exceeds a set threshold value, the microprocessor sends out a control signal on one hand to decelerate the motor until the motor stops, and protects the ultracentrifuge, and sends out an alarm signal and a display signal on the other hand to remind an operator of paying attention, and enters a corresponding working flow to maintain and detect the ultracentrifuge and find out a fault reason. After the cause of the fault is removed, the ultracentrifuge can be put into operation again. The method for converting the amplitude of the motor shaft into the imbalance may be to obtain the imbalance according to the difference between the amplitudes in different directions, for example, the maximum value of the difference between the amplitudes in different directions may be used as the imbalance, and these conversion methods are commonly used in the art and will not be described herein.
Through the scheme in the preferred embodiment, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) the unbalance of the whole overspeed centrifuge in the operation process can be detected and protected in real time in the whole process;
(2) alarm thresholds can be set according to different conditions of the rotor; the unbalance detection is more sensitive and reliable;
(3) the fault can be found in time when the fault is just generated, and the machine is protected to the maximum extent;
(4) the unbalance degree can be detected dynamically and quantitatively;
(5) the system can be self-locked, and before the unbalanced fault is relieved, the ultracentrifuge cannot enter a working state, so that the fault is prevented from being enlarged, and the property safety of the machine and the life safety of operators are protected.
In another embodiment, a software is provided, which is used to execute the technical solutions described in the above embodiments and the preferred embodiments.
In another embodiment, a storage medium is provided, wherein the software is stored in the storage medium, and the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, an optical disc, a floppy disc, a hard disc, a rewritable memory, and the like.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above may be implemented by a general purpose computing device, they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices, and they may alternatively be implemented by program code executable by a computing device, such that they may be stored in a storage device and executed by a computing device, or fabricated separately as individual integrated circuit modules, or fabricated as a single integrated circuit module from multiple modules or steps. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of protecting a centrifuge, comprising:
monitoring the unbalance degree of a rotating shaft of the centrifuge by adopting a photoelectric sensor;
when the unbalance is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold value, alarming; wherein,
the monitoring of the unbalance degree of the rotating shaft of the centrifuge by using the photoelectric sensor comprises the following steps: monitoring the unbalance degree of the rotating shaft of the centrifuge by adopting a photoelectric amplitude sensor; wherein,
adopt photoelectric amplitude sensor monitoring centrifuge shaft's unbalance degree includes: monitoring the amplitudes of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine in different directions by adopting a photoelectric amplitude sensor; and obtaining the unbalance degree according to the difference of the amplitudes in different directions.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the alarm is given if the degree of unbalance is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold, the method further comprises:
and controlling the motor of the centrifuge to decelerate or stop the operation of the motor under the condition that the unbalance degree is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold value.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the second threshold is determined based on at least one of: the rotor weight of the centrifuge, the weight of the separated reagents, the operational phase of the centrifuge.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the first threshold is determined based on at least one of: the rotor weight of the centrifuge, the weight of the separated reagents, the operational phase of the centrifuge.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method for protecting a centrifuge is applied to an ultracentrifuge.
7. A protection device for a centrifuge, comprising:
the photoelectric sensor is used for acquiring the unbalance degree of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine;
the processor is connected with the photoelectric sensor and used for receiving the unbalance and sending an alarm instruction to an alarm when the unbalance is greater than or equal to a preset first threshold value;
the alarm is connected with the processor and used for receiving the alarm instruction from the processor and giving an alarm; wherein,
the photoelectric sensor is a photoelectric amplitude sensor; wherein,
the photoelectric amplitude sensor is used for monitoring the amplitudes of the rotating shaft of the centrifugal machine in different directions, wherein the difference value of the amplitudes in different directions is used for obtaining the unbalance degree;
wherein the apparatus further comprises: and the controller is connected with the processor and used for receiving a control instruction sent by the processor under the condition that the unbalance degree is greater than or equal to a preset second threshold value and controlling the motor of the centrifuge to decelerate or stop the operation of the motor according to the control instruction.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the photosensor is further configured to capture an imbalance of the ultracentrifuge rotor shaft.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising:
and the display is connected with the processor and used for receiving a display instruction sent by the processor under the condition that the unbalance is greater than or equal to the first threshold value and displaying the unbalance according to the display instruction.
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| CN103217293B (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-09-02 | 浙江大学 | Based on the casing containment test data acquisition triggering system of vibration values |
| CN105521876A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-04-27 | 上海戴宝机械设备有限公司 | Tubular centrifuge and method thereof for keeping balance of rotating drum |
| CN106423589A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-02-22 | 无锡艾科瑞思产品设计与研究有限公司 | High-speed tubular centrifuge for online detecting centrifuging liquid turbidity |
| CN107728052B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-01-07 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | Automatic testing method for acceleration switch threshold precision |
| JP7089884B2 (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2022-06-23 | 株式会社久保田製作所 | centrifuge |
| CN109468804B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2022-12-06 | 佛山市顺德海尔电器有限公司 | Dewatering rotating speed control method of washing equipment |
| CN113967541A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-01-25 | 青岛海尔生物医疗科技有限公司 | Method and device for controlling a centrifuge, storage medium |
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