CN102908203B - Measuring device for internal tooth displacement - Google Patents
Measuring device for internal tooth displacement Download PDFInfo
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- CN102908203B CN102908203B CN201210446764.4A CN201210446764A CN102908203B CN 102908203 B CN102908203 B CN 102908203B CN 201210446764 A CN201210446764 A CN 201210446764A CN 102908203 B CN102908203 B CN 102908203B
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Abstract
The invention provides a measuring device for internal tooth displacement, which belongs to the technical field of orthodontics. The device provided by the invention comprises an internal stress application component, an external photogrammetry component, a computer provided with an image capture program and an image processing program, and two teeth with the displacement being tested. A plurality of micro cameras are arranged linearly or at a certain angle, focused with a door-shaped frame gap as a center, and connected with the computer through data lines. The measuring device can obtain the displacement of the measuring terminal of the stress application component through non-contact measurement, and then calculate the actual displacement of the teeth. The measuring device can measure the displacement of the teeth in a mouth under the load accurately, and eliminate the influence of the head movements to measurement; and the measurement process can be reproduced through numerical simulation, and can provide data for theoretical research and clinical operation. The measuring device can also be used to measure the loose degree of the teeth and used for other high-precision 3D micro measurement occasions.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mouth cavity orthodontic technical field, be specifically related to the measuring device of a kind of body inner teeth gear displacement, can be used for the Rigidity Experiment of clinical oral correction and tooth.
Background technology
Oral cavity research and clinical in need to carry out patients teeth Rigidity Experiment, namely tooth loaded and measure load deflection.This measurement is clinically middlely determined the size of Orthodontic force for mouth cavity orthodontic, is judged the loosening situation of tooth, and the mechanism of research mouth cavity orthodontic has important effect.In oral cavity research Tooth Rigidity Experiment, the requirement of displacement measurement is micron accuracy three-dimensional measurement; Pendulous frequency is per second more than 10 times; The load of measurement point and the size and Orientation of displacement can both accurately be determined.
Though the device realizing disease population inner teeth gear Rigidity Experiment current has report, can not meet the demands.Document " In vivo measurement of the elastic modulus of the human periodontal ligament(Yoshida N; Koga Y; Peng C L; et al. (J) Medical Engineering & Physics. 2001; 23 (8): 567-572) " disclose: by installing an aluminum frame at people's tooth, tooth is allowed to keep vertical direction, use lead horizontal addload, use is attached in the gaussmeter mouth on tooth and measures tooth displacement.Document " Biomechanical features of the periodontium:An experimental pilot study in vivo(Cronau M; Ihlow D; Kubein-Messenburg D; et al. [J] .Am J rthop.2006; 129:599.e13-599.e21.) " propose: external applying torque on the mandibular premolar of people, by using the corner measuring tooth in a set of optical system mouth in adjacent teeth.Document " Development of a novel intraoral measurement device to determine the biomechanical characteristics of the human periodontal ligament(Drolshagen M; Keilig L; Hasan I; et al. [J]. Journal of Biomechanics; 2011; 44 (11): 2136 – 2143.) " disclose loading measuring device (measuring displacement by changes of magnetic field) in a running-on, from external loading, measure the stressed displacement of tooth.In above-mentioned mouth, measuring method is from external reinforcing, the size of power is subject to the impact of head and augmentor relative motion, the direction of loading force is difficult to accurately determine, is also difficult to verify pericemental biomechanical model to the emulation of experiment Accurate Model, and afterburning method needs to improve.
In tooth stiffness measurement, if measure by contact method the size that tooth displacement can change loading, contactless Measures compare is desirable.Contactless displacement measuring device in above-mentioned document needs to be placed in mouth, and be difficult to ensure by instrument volume restriction precision, cost is high, be not suitable for Clinical practice.Current existing domestic and international noncontacting measurement device is spatial digitizer and position tracker, and both precision are below 20 microns, and the measurement of the elastic displacement of tooth needs to ensure micron accuracy; Spatial digitizer single scan time more than 10s, can not meet the requirement of measuring speed; Tracking head (target) size of position tracker is comparatively large, cannot be installed in mouth.Stereophotogrammetric survey device based on binocular vision has obtained more application at home and abroad, but great majority are large view field measurement, and certainty of measurement is lower; Minority small field of view measuring device can only be used for the static topography measurement of wisp.This yardstick of tooth is required to micron order in Centimeter Level, certainty of measurement, needs the object of kinetic measurement not yet has suitable instrument to realize.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical problem that prior art exists, provide the measuring device of a kind of body inner teeth gear displacement, this device realizes loading and displacement measurement body inner teeth gear,
The measuring device of a kind of body inner teeth gear provided by the present invention displacement comprises: afterburning assembly in body, external photogrammetric assembly, containing image acquisition procedure and the computer of image processing program and two teeth of tested displacement; In described body, afterburning assembly is made up of afterburning parts 3 in the door glyph framework 6 be bonded on described two teeth 7 and body, and in described body, afterburning parts 3 are arranged in a glyph framework 6; Described external photogrammetric assembly is made up of two or more macro-camera 9, described macro-camera 9 linearly or certain angle arrangement, be arranged on universal stand 5, described macro-camera 9 is focused centered by door type frame gap; Described macro-camera 9 is connected with computer 8 by data wire 10.
The door type that described door glyph framework 6 is made up of the left rod member of door type framework 1 and the right rod member 2 of door type framework, the left rod member of described door type framework 1 and the right rod member of door type framework 2 bond on two teeth 7 to be measured respectively, described rod member is square-section bar, bar material is that alloy in lightweight bar is formed, bar cross section width is less than 2mm, thickness is less than 1mm, during assembling within two bar latter ends leave 0.5mm gap d, this gap d needs adjustment depending on measurement, rod member is through Precision Machining, surface is through grinding, roughness Ra less than 0.1, dimensional accuracy reaches 1, 2 class precisions.
In described body, the afterburning parts 3 of afterburning parts are arranged in a glyph framework 6, and in body, afterburning parts 3 be spring or rubber bar or its mechanical, hydra-electric element, and its weight is no more than two newton.The installation site of augmentor in door glyph framework requires to ensure enough precision, as ensured the positional precision etc. of the junction point of spring on framework.
Described external photogrammetric assembly is made up of two or more macro-camera, described macro-camera is the video camera of band micro-lens or the microscope of band photographic head, described macro-camera imaging amplification 0.75-3 doubly, described macro-camera is the macro-camera of tele lens, described macro-camera is arranged on universal stand 5 by straight line or certain angle, composition binocular or multi-vision visual system.
The function of the image acquisition procedure contained in described computer controls multiple stage macro-camera by some cycles Synchronous camera, the image that synchronization is taken is divided into suite number, in one group, picture is also numbered respectively according to shooting camera, and record each group of picture shooting moment and be directly saved in storage medium, any process is not done to image in measuring process, per secondly realize taking and preserve more than 10 groups, picture.
The image processing program contained in described computer is the three-dimensional coordinate based on Binocular Vision Principle computation and measurement point, by the Size calculation tooth relative movement displacement of measurement point coordinate and framework, this program function module comprises outside image filtering noise reduction, binary conversion treatment, limb recognition, the part or all of function of characteristic matching technology image measurement, also comprises the conversion calculations program of a relative displacement of word framework two rod member to tooth relative displacement.
Measurement procedure is as shown in Figure 3: several macro-camera are controlled to press some cycles sync pulse jamming by image acquisition procedure, pictures taken is temporally divided into groups preserve and records photographing moment and camera corresponding to photo, after measurement, calculated by image processing program, calculate the displacement of measurement point.
The Three-Dimensional Dynamic that apparatus of the present invention achieve loading and load deflection in tooth mouth is measured, tooth displacement measurement precision is micron order, measuring device uses on-the-spot energy High Precision Simulation, directly can measure the three dimensions displacement of human teeth under the effect of Orthodontic force amplitude, for determining that pericemental mechanical characteristic lays the foundation.
Apparatus of the present invention have following characteristics:
(1) load in mouth, the activity of head does not affect the precision of measurement.
(2) tooth displacement first amplified by gage frame, then use contactless optical measurement method to measure, the loading of displacement measurement not power of influence, measuring speed is fast, can flutter the tooth change in displacement grasping the short period.
(3) measuring method is simple, can pass through numerical simulation accurate reproduction, verifies the reasonability of the models such as periodontal membrane reliably.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: structure composition schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2: afterburning modular construction schematic diagram in body;
Fig. 3: apparatus of the present invention workflow schematic diagram.
In figure: 1: the left rod member of door type framework; 2: the right rod member of door type framework; 3: afterburning parts in body; 4: framework bottom surface; 5: universal stand; 6: door type framework; 7: two teeth having interval; 8: computer; 9: macro-camera; 10: data wire.
Detailed description of the invention
Select a clinical patients, there is gap or use a point tooth circle to carry out a point tooth in the row's of selection tooth, the tooth between two teeth of measurement is best by situation about pulling out, and measurement tooth and other peripheral tooth should have more than 2mm gap.The left rod member 1 of door type framework and right rod member 2 are positioned in a plane, and ensure that top clearance d conforms with measurement requirement, use fixture both relative positions fixing, then the left rod member 1 of door type framework and right rod member 2 end 4 are distinguished strong bond on two teeth, then remove fixture.Use silica gel to measure two teeth together with dynamometry framework together die make plaster model, laser scanner is used to scan, draw the three-dimensional digital model of gage frame relative to the position of tooth by reverse-engineering, the position of spring relative to tooth can be determined by this model.
Make patient take to lie or seated posture, head can be fixed with bandage, macro-camera is aimed at the gap of door word framework.According to the length b(of two spring connecting point in gage frame as shown in Figure 2), measuring machine filters out the spring of a series of length to provide the power in certain limit, such as to choose initial length be respectively that the spring of 1cm, 1.2cm, 1.4cm, 1.6cm is to apply the loading force of 2N, 1.5N, 1.0N, 0.5N.Use universal stand, photographic head is aimed at gage frame gap location, spring is mounted in gage frame one by one, keep 10 minutes, all macro-camera are controlled by certain hour interval (as every 0.1s) sync pulse jamming picture by image acquisition procedure, and packet memory.One sufficiently long period should be recovered after a spring loads, organizing of measurement be recovered completely, then changes the spring of another length, continue to load.Until spring loaded used.
After loaded, using Binocular Vision Principle to process to often organizing image, calculating the three-dimensional coordinate of the characteristic point to be measured in each moment, and calculating the relative distance of characteristic point to be asked.The physical length of energizing spring in this measurement moment is calculated by the distance of the characteristic point measured, according to the initial length of this physical length and spring, ergometer makes this spring elongation to the physical length measured, this time ergometer reading be the power of the actual applying of spring.If the spring that selection rigidity is less or rubber bar, during loading, the impact of change on loading force of length is less, can ignore.
Each spring-loaded data is processed, make the curve that this power loads lower teeth displacement and time relationship, the change in displacement situation of tooth after stressed loading can be studied by all curves, comprise force value size and creep effect to the impact of tooth displacement.
By measuring the front CT scan to tooth jaw, use reverse engineering approach to set up and measure the model of tooth, periodontal membrane and alveolar bone, by image registration by the corona of laser scanning and gage frame model and the combination of tooth, periodontal membrane and alveolar bone model, be assembled together and can form phantom complete in experiment.The loading of power can load in frame model relevant position, directly can be obtained and measure the coordinate of characteristic point and the relative coordinate of multiple characteristic point, thus draw the relative movement of tooth by emulation.Whole experiment can High Precision Simulation.
In measurement, by micro-lens or measuring microscope, measurement visual field is less than or equal to the target surface size of video camera, as adopted 1,300,000 pixel ccd video cameras of 1/2 inch of target surface, by visual field is adjusted to 5mm effect, the actual size that in image, a pixel is corresponding can be made to be 5 microns.The least displacement of tooth movement itself is at micron order, but connecting length is the dynamometry framework of 10cm, and under this load mode, gap location displacement is tens micron number magnitudes.By image procossing, the precision realizing several or tens pixels realizes than being easier to, by the image processing program of multi-vision visual measuring system is put into measure after run, can to realize dynamically or Quasi dynamic is measured.
In this measuring method, loading is carried out in mouth, and head movement does not affect loading, and measurement uses contactless photogrammetric, and the measurement of tooth displacement can not have an impact to Afterburning condition.Add force simultaneously, measurement point is very clear and definite relative to the position of tooth, actual loading and the actual displacement of tooth can be gone out by inverse more exactly.
Claims (6)
1. a measuring device for body inner teeth gear displacement, is characterized in that described measuring device comprises: afterburning assembly in body, external photogrammetric assembly, containing image acquisition procedure and the computer of image processing program and two teeth of tested displacement; In described body, afterburning assembly is made up of afterburning parts (3) in the door glyph framework (6) be bonded on described two teeth (7) and body, and in described body, afterburning parts (3) are arranged in a glyph framework (6); Described external photogrammetric assembly is made up of two or more macro-camera (9), described two or more macro-camera (9) linearly or certain angle arrangement, be arranged on described universal stand (5), described macro-camera (9) is focused centered by the gap of door type framework (6); Described macro-camera (9) is connected with computer (8) by data wire (10).
2. measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described door glyph framework) (6) door type of being made up of the left rod member of door type framework (1) and the right rod member of door type framework (2), the left rod member of described door type framework (1) and the right rod member of door type framework (2) bond on two teeth (7) to be measured respectively, described rod member is square-section bar, bar material is that alloy in lightweight bar is formed, bar cross section width is less than 2mm, thickness is less than 1mm, during assembling within two bar latter ends leave 0.5mm gap d, this gap d needs adjustment depending on measurement, rod member is through Precision Machining, surface is through grinding, roughness Ra less than 0.1, dimensional accuracy reaches 1, 2 class precisions.
3. measuring device according to claim 1, to it is characterized in that in described body that afterburning parts (3) are for spring or rubber bar or its machinery, hydra-electric element, its weight is no more than two newton, and in body, the installation site of afterburning parts (3) in door glyph framework requires to ensure enough precision.
4. measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described external photogrammetric assembly is made up of two or more macro-camera, described macro-camera is the video camera of band micro-lens or the microscope of band photographic head, described macro-camera imaging amplification 0.75-3 doubly, described macro-camera is the macro-camera of tele lens, described macro-camera is arranged on universal stand 5 by straight line or certain angle, composition binocular or multi-vision visual system.
5. measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the function of the image acquisition procedure contained in described computer controls multiple stage macro-camera by some cycles Synchronous camera, the image that synchronization is taken is divided into suite number, in one group, picture is also numbered respectively according to shooting camera, and record each group of picture shooting moment and be directly saved in storage medium, any process is not done to image in measuring process, per secondly realize taking and preserve more than 10 groups, picture.
6. measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the image processing program contained in described computer is the three-dimensional coordinate based on Binocular Vision Principle computation and measurement point, by the Size calculation tooth relative movement displacement of measurement point coordinate and framework, this program function module comprises outside image filtering noise reduction, binary conversion treatment, limb recognition, the part or all of function of characteristic matching technology image measurement, also comprises the conversion calculations program of a relative displacement of word framework two rod member to tooth relative displacement.
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| CN201210446764.4A CN102908203B (en) | 2012-11-11 | 2012-11-11 | Measuring device for internal tooth displacement |
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| CN201210446764.4A CN102908203B (en) | 2012-11-11 | 2012-11-11 | Measuring device for internal tooth displacement |
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| CN102908203B true CN102908203B (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN205126455U (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-04-06 | 深圳市前海安测信息技术有限公司 | Tooth automatic straightening ware |
| CN106955087B (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-05-25 | 吉林大学 | A kind of adjustment viewing angle and positioning brackets bonding position glasses |
| CN111511308A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-08-07 | 登士柏希罗纳有限公司 | Gauge for verifying 3D images |
| KR102161782B1 (en) * | 2019-02-07 | 2020-10-05 | (주)에이피텍 | Camera module total area inspection system including rotating part |
| CN111265316B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-12-14 | 正雅齿科科技(上海)有限公司 | Tooth model stress analysis method and device for simulating wearing of orthodontic appliance |
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