CN102907294B - Infiltrating micro-irrigation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a micro-irrigation system, a manufacturing method and an application of the micro-irrigation system. An irrigation element of an irrigation section of the micro-irrigation system is an unpowered self-adapting, lasting and balanced infiltrating micro-irrigation pipe or container; the irrigation element comprises a capillary infiltration layer (11) with a three-dimensional mesh structure; and the capillary infiltration layer is made from a capillary infiltrating micro-irrigation material with the three-dimensional mesh structure, and the micro-irrigation element is further coated with a gel protective layer (13). The micro-irrigation system has a composite infiltration structure, and the water can automatically permeate outwards or stop permeating outwards through the infiltrating micro-irrigation element according to the water potential height of the soil contacting the water. The system has the functions of resisting blockage and bacterium and can prevent a mouse, can be widely applied to the field of water-saving micro-irrigation and applied to a desert to play the roles of stabilizing sand and improving the desert, and can be applied to saline and alkaline lands to play the roles of holding down salt and alkali and transforming the saline and alkaline lands.

Description

A kind of infiltration irrigation system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of water saving micro irrigation system, relate in particular to a kind of buried irrigation system with infiltration function.

Background technology

6% of China water resource Jin Zhan world total amount is that water resource deficiency has become the bottleneck of serious restriction Chinese national economy sustainable development than cultivated land resource (account for world's total amount 9%) resource more in short supply.Agricultural is the industry that China's water is maximum, accounts for the more than 70% of total water amount, and wherein water quantity for irrigating agricultural field accounts for 90%～95% of Water Consumption in Agriculture.Yet China's shortage of water resources and water resource waste the phenomenon of depositing are very serious.Because irrigation technique falls behind, cause that water resource waste is serious, utilization ratio is low, aggravated the present situation of shortage of water resources.One of important channel of alleviating the contradiction of supply and demand for the water resource is Development of Water-Saving Irrigation.Water-saving irrigation is than the general name of the irrigation technique of the obvious using water wisely of traditional irrigation and efficient water.At present, in water-saving irrigation area, adopt the very little of modern advanced water-saving irrigation technique, the overwhelming majority has just tentatively been carried out transformation on economy of water cousumption by substandard.Therefore, the water-saving irrigation area of China especially efficient water-saving irrigation area all exist huge development space and potentiality.

One of important channel of alleviating the contradiction of supply and demand for the water resource is Development of Water-Saving Irrigation.Water-saving irrigation technique mainly contains following several at present: (1) sprinkler irrigation technique, (2) drip irrigation technique, (3) infiltration irrigation technology.Infiltrating irrigation is continue sprinkling irrigation, after drip irrigation, and a kind of novel micro irrigation technology that effectively descend, is the irrigation method of economizing on water most of generally acknowledging at present, is the technical revolution of agricultural irrigation, is to make agricultural irrigation by the extensive another approach that moves towards Scientific Water Conservation.

Infiltrating irrigation, as its name suggests, irrigation water is slowly outwards sweating shape and oozes out through wall, and immediately by the capillary action of the outside soil of wall, to soil body diffusion, supplies with the mode of a kind of continuous irrigation of moisture or liquid fertilizer to crop.But domestic all irrigation components are embedded in to underground irrigation method at present, comprise that " underground drip irrigation " etc. is all considered as " infiltrating irrigation " [" infiltration irrigation technology existing problems and suggestion "-< < irrigation and drainage > > 97.16 (2) 4].According to this division, mainly contain following several types: 1. buried drip irrigation system, 2. foaming system, 3. rubber powder infill system, 4. string infill system.Above-mentioned technology all exists that blocking-proof result is poor, processing and forming technology is complicated, pore-forming efficiency is low, does not belong in essence the shortcoming that infiltration is irrigated.

It is the general designation that a class has the functional high molecule material of high water absorption character for agricultural high-moisture-retention resin (Water Retaining Polymers agent) or title water-loss reducer (Water Retaining Agent).Super absorbent resin first by U.S.'s agriculture grind develop successfully, in Japan, France, Britain and Germany etc., also start to develop research afterwards.The application study of its agriculture aspect, starts from 20 century 70s, has obtained surprising effect after nineteen ninety.Wherein Japan sprinkles one deck containing the super absorbent resin of fertilizer in the 20cm depths at sandy beach, and its consumption is 2: 100 with husky weight ratio, sows spinach, and its yield per unit area is the more than 2 times of the earth spinach.Russia is used polyacrylamide super absorbent resin, at volga lattice, strangle and carried out large area test, per hectare ground is used 100kg, can economize on water 50% and make increasing crop yield 20% 1 70%[Zhang Ke etc.: the research of super absorbent resin in agricultural application, Liaoning chemical industry, the 36th the 12nd phase of volume 1, in December, 2007].Domesticly also extensively launched application study.Through practice for many years, also formed some effective usings method, mainly contain: 1. seed pelleting (film, coating) technology, 2. dip in root technology, 3. mix native technology etc.The discovery after having studied the soil moisture distribution of using Super Absorbent Resin such as Tang Guang, Super Absorbent Resin forms water suction network together with the soil of mixing mutually with it, and moisture is absorbed and kept.[Tang Guang, Li Hui, " crops saving water, resisting drought comparative experimental research " [J]. Beijing Agriculture science, 2000,18 (4): 25-29].Above-mentioned data shows, high water-retaining resin forms one " miniature reservoir " at rhizosphere place, to keeping the moisture of soil to play obvious effect.

Prior art one:

In water-saving irrigation field, what adopt the earliest is sprinkling irrigation.Spray irrigation system is to take water distributing network as main body, water pump and engine that utilization is arranged in the building at place, water source are sent to shower nozzle the water at water source through being embedded in underground main and arm, on arm, often found across a certain distance a vertical tube, a shower nozzle is installed on each vertical tube.Through shower nozzle, be sprayed onto ground, as rainfall, crop irrigated.The shortcoming of prior art one: although sprinkling irrigation is than traditional flood irrigation water saving, but unavoidably to be subject to the impact of wind, irrigation water can be blown off irrigated area or blow to the waste that causes water in air of strong wind, simultaneously owing to being operation on the ground, also can cause because of evaporation the waste of water.Also can cause hardening of surface soil, affect the permeability of soil, and then affect output.Because sprinkling irrigation needs the artificial irrigation time that determines, thus as improper in controlled, also can cause because of deep percolation the waste of irrigation water.Can find out simultaneously, the elevated pressures that does not have water pump and engine to form, water is impossible be sprayed onto at a distance, so sprinkling irrigation will consume mass energy and labor management expense.

Prior art two:

Drip irrigation is water drop by drop, evenly to be splashed into lentamente near the form of pouring water of soil crop root zone by being arranged on water dropper on hollow billet.Splash into the on the one hand transverse movement of water droplet of soil, infiltrate on the one hand formation wetting body downwards.The shape of wetting body generally first becomes spherosome by oblate sphere with the increase of the total amount of dripping, and finally becomes column.Under condition of drip irrigation, because the flow that drips is little, water droplet slowly buries, thereby near soil moisture water dropper is in saturation state, the soil moisture at other position is all in unsaturated state, and moisture main capillarity by soil in soil enters to blend diffusion.The irrigation water loss bringing in order to solve the surface evaporation of ground drip irrigation existence, covers whole irrigated area with plastic sheeting, and making to irrigate the surface water producing can not evaporate.The shortcoming of prior art two: although drip irrigation is more economized on water than sprinkling irrigation, still operation on possession, so surface water steam raising still can cause irrigation water waste.Drip irrigation is that a kind of " point type " irrigates, and due to " point type " Irrigation character, in fact in irrigated area, has formed saturation region and unsaturated district, and this inhomogeneities makes the water of saturation region due to Action of Gravity Field, continues to cause irrigation water waste to deep subsoil seepage.Secondly, adopt this " point type " to irrigate, only have and in hollow billet, drip head closeness is installed and acquires a certain degree, soil could form continuous wetting body, thus a large amount of hollow billet and the drip heads of needs, bring invest huge.The equipment investment of drip irrigation is sprayed taller, and this is the practical difficulty in applying present stage.The 3rd, hollow billet and drip head are plastic products, and long term exposure, under sunshine, if do not take anti-aging measure, very easily causes because of hollow billet and drip head is aging that whole irrigation system was lost efficacy.The 4th, if irrigation water is dealt with improperly, the impurity that irrigation water carries can will drip hole plug in managing.Except physical clogging, at drip head position, if do not carried out specially treated, under the effect of sunlight, also very easily form biochemistry and stop up.The 5th, adopt power drip irrigation allegedly can resist obstruction, but even so, must consumption of power.Drip irrigation can adopt gravity drip-irrigation, although this is also unpowered irrigation, as without manual control, no matter plant demand is how many, it can drip to always water tank anhydrous till, thereby cause irrigation water waste.Under-film drip irrigation has only solved the surface evaporation of irrigation water, and not only other problems still exists, and also because overlay film causes expense, again increases.

Prior art three:

For avoiding surface water evaporation cause irrigation water waste or save overlay film expense, mutation as ground irrigation system, in practical operation, keep whole irrigation system structure constant, the suitable degree of depth in placing into the soil by whole hollow billet or by the hollow billet of the drip head of installing on hollow billet, with the soil that covers drip irrigation pipe upper strata, stop and irrigate evaporation of water, form underground drip irrigation system, this is infiltrating irrigation system also person.In order to prevent that apopore from stopping up, patent ZL200820077586.1 has conceived a kind of sintering into making pottery with soil on the apopore that the water seepage piece that contains many pores is arranged on water supply body.Patent ZL98233435.4 has conceived a kind ofly will be injection molded into Seeping watering arrangement with chemical fibre boundling, with regular screw threads pipe cap, be connected in pipeline system, form the infiltrating irrigation system that is arranged on the water seepage piece that contains many pores on the apopore of water supply body.The shortcoming of prior art three: obstruction is the principal element of restriction underground drip irrigation technique development.Obstruction is divided into two large classes: a class forms and stops up for dealing with improperly due to irrigation water to cause from pipe interior.This obstruction must be started with from processing irrigation water.The another kind of obstruction of stopping up with respect to inside can be called outside obstruction.Outside obstruction mainly can be divided into four large classes: a class is microorganism clogging.Microorganism clogging also can produce when ground drip irrigation, but buried rear microorganism clogging becomes even more serious; One class is that chemistry stops up.It is mainly to result in blockage because this intermittent operation of drip irrigation makes the dissolved matter crystallization in irrigation water that chemistry stops up; The external physical obstruction of one class for causing due to direct and soil close contact.In near the soil of weeper of drip irrigation, water is in saturation state, a large amount of bulk water makes near the crumb structure of earth weeper destroyed, form mud, add that drip irrigation belongs to gravity irrigation, gravity and pressure are irrigated unavoidably can produce the fluctuation of inside water pressure, this fluctuation meeting forms water continuous " flow to and flow out " at weeper regional area, similar " cell breath " of generation, by outside mud suction line, causes water dropping openings physical clogging; One class is that the water person's character that becomes of root system of plant causes capillary coring to grow to weeper, forms root system of plant and will drip hole plug.Prior art there is no effective means solution to these outside obstructions.Above-mentioned patented technology attempts to carry out anti-clogging with pore, though there is certain effect, but still belong to limited pore, its anti-blocking life-span is poor.

Prior art four:

Adopt physical method pore-forming, pore-forming limited amount, the hole of negligible amounts is always more easily stopped up than a fairly large number of hole.Adopt physico-chemical process pore-forming, because the hole number of Nature creating is huge, prevent from stopping up effect obviously better than drip irrigation.Patent application 200810010002.3 proposes to make a kind of infiltrating irrigation pipe with " plastic microporous foaming hole creating technology "; Patent ZL97105647.1, patent application 200710012873.4 and patent ZL03257250.6 propose to add blowing agent with plastics or rubber plastic blend material and extrude a kind of infiltrating irrigation pipe of preparation; Patent ZL98125656.2, ZL200610152776.0 adopt to pulverize and reclaim rubber powder filling hole creating technology; Patent application 99111277.6 adopts plastics and plant fibre blending to prepare infiltrating irrigation pipe.The shortcoming of prior art four: how above-mentioned technology is controlled to porosity, pore size, aperture even etc. is all a technical barrier.Foaming tube " tube wall contains a large amount of micropores, and have be permeable hole on a small quantity " is admitted in patent application 200710012873.4.Obviously the efficiency (percent opening) that this technology generates permeable hole by foaming is extremely low.Permeable hole very little, not favourable concerning irrigating.Pulverizing production particle diameter increases at the huge cost that brings of the recovery rubber fine powder power consumption below 10 microns.Patent ZL99111277.6 processing step is many, more complicated.Particularly attempt to use high voltage direct current electrolytic sodium chloride, the chlorine discharging is that the NaOH of toxic and harmful, generation is a kind of highly basic, and complex process is dangerous, and environmental protection treatment causes expense to increase severely.

Prior art five:

Described in patent ZL201020555061.1, its internal layer of multiple tube is that tube wall is established foraminate plastic conduit, and skin is a kind of class cotton matter with alveolate texture.Patent ZL201020572907.2 is wrapped in braided wires fabric outside microporous pipe.Patent ZL200610048383.5 design be to put an infiltrating irrigation pipe being formed by nonwoven in the drip irrigation pipe that is 50～70% at aperture opening ratio, for reducing the water flow mode of continuous piping in inner tube, has constructed again centre a kind of " nexine carrying capacity is large, the unordered netted outer frame that outer carrying capacity is little ".Patent ZL01139268.1 becomes knitting pipe with chemical-fibres filaments or yarn by knitting machine weaving, then become coating material to be coated in pipe surfaces externally and internally with plastics hybrid process in water-soluble inorganic powder, this multiple tube being immersed in the water to traction extruding repeatedly 20 times, water soluble salt stripping is formed to permeable hole and form Clogproof filtration irrigation composite tube buried ground.The shortcoming of prior art five: the internal layer of prior art design is microporous pipe, outer or have " alveolate texture " class cotton matter tubulose plastic layer or braided wires fabric or construct intermediate layer for " unordered netted outer frame " and adopt braiding, coating, dipping to prepare osmos tube and be complicated process program, production efficiency is low, cost is high.

Prior art six:

Patent ZL201120075166.1 and patent application 98124543.9, the single one thread to capillary water seepage function inserts from a hole of water-supply-pipe, in another hole, insert out, the middle part of single is stayed in feed pipe, and pipeline is embedded in and in soil, forms infiltrating irrigation system.The technical scheme of patent application 200380100379.3,00109474.2,03178330.9,200410040811.0, patent ZL00129772.4 etc. is that the various collections of filaments are wrapped in plastics or rubber sleeve, opening of capillary fiber bundle pipes inserts in water supply line, other end is exposed to the fiber of boundling outside plastics or rubber sleeve, be embedded in soil, form infiltrating irrigation system.Patent ZL200410055570.7 has conceived a kind of infiltrating irrigation pipe, be surrounded by " the similar wick-like slender threads that a lot of very thin filiforms form " that is connected with a series of axially-aligned at water-supply-pipe outer edge circumferencial direction, this " slender threads " is connected with " the water inlet through hole " and " water outlet through hole " of " some " at water-supply-pipe inside and outside wall.The shortcoming of prior art six: prior art is a kind of irrigation technique of Limited water supply point in essence, it is more complicated that fibre bundle is penetrated to the technique that passes water-supply-pipe.

Prior art seven:

The composition that patent ZL200710071720.7 and patent ZL200720115485.4 have introduced formation water permeating pipeline is by comprising " inert filler " that " bentonite of powdery, white carbon, active carbon, calcium carbonate or starch " forms, " the plasticizing forming matrix of materials " that consist of plastics and " interleaving agent " that consist of " atoleine, silicone oil or lubricating oil ".It is first in required ratio, to add stirrer for mixing even inert filler and interleaving agent that this composition is processed into the method for irrigating device, and then plastics are dropped into mixer stirs and use comminutor extruding pelletization.Again this particle is dropped into process equipment and be prepared into tubing, film or container.A kind of film and manufacture method thereof with nano-scale aperture introduced in 200910071769.1 of patent applications.Used the inert material of nano-scale and with " surfactant ", filler carried out to premixed processing." interleaving agent " that the shortcoming of prior art seven: patent ZL200710071720.7 and patent ZL200720115485.4 adopt, actual is conventional size, dispersant or surface modifier of filling plastic modification field.In claims, " interleaving agent " done to following explanation: " described interleaving agent refers to matrix to be had certain compatibility and can form on above-mentioned inert material surface the material of one deck liquid film, this interleaving agent is present in the centre of inert material phase and this two-phase of plastics in process thereafter, with isolation two-phase, prevent that inert material particle from directly contacting with plastic material ", when the beneficial effect that explain to use interleaving agent to obtain, say: " between matrix phase and filler phase, have one deck release agent layer, after goods process, interleaving agent migrate to gradually matrix for example plastics mutually in.Thereby leave tiny space plastics phase is alternate with filler " formed penetrating passage.According to general knowledge, even if there is the transition process described in this patent, the space that this migration stays between filler and macromolecule matrix is quite trickle, this passage that can only form between filler and matrix is quite limited, between filler, a large amount of gaps are isolated agent isolation blocking-up, can not form the penetrating passage running through, even if gap is not isolated agent blocking-up, can cause because of the lipophilic-hydrophobic property of interleaving agent water infiltration difficulty yet.As seen from the above analysis, this processing of this patent can not improve the voidage of penetration material, can not under the state of same space, improve the permeability of water.A class " surfactant " has been used in patent application 200910071769.1, and think, by after this modified materials blown film, available water extracts part surface activating agent, " space that this part surface activating agent originally occupied in film body becomes the pore-forming of through channel, and pore size is in nanoscale scope ".We think that above-mentioned patent attempts the surfactant water of being combined with filler to extract, and do not meet and meet scientific common sense, and he also can not realize whereby the semipermeable membrane effect of desired acquisition.From scientific common sense, the typical structure model of surfactant is that a kind of one end is that the lipophilic group other end is the material that hydrophilic radical forms.When processing hydrophilic inorganic filler with it, hydrophilic one end is the combination with filler generation chemical reaction inwardly, the other end of oleophylic is outside, changing original water-wetted surface is oil-wetted surface, make it greatly to improve with the compatibility of macromolecule matrix, make the combination of two-phase interface of filler and macromolecule matrix more firm.In plastic processing modification field, extensively adopt this processing method, to improve the bulk strength of material.But the field that occurs micropore permeation in hope, this firmly in conjunction with not being hoped, it is desirable that to be that the filler particles that disperses is dispersed in macromolecule matrix two-phase interface compatibility very poor, without any combination, between two-phase interface and particle, having a large amount of gaps, is disadvantageous so use surfactant to generating micropore.In other words, use surfactant instead to make pore-forming efficiency reduce.

In addition, the technique of above-mentioned technology preparation infiltration material is backward, use interleaving agent or surfactant to carry out pretreatment to filler, must first will after filler and interleaving agent or surfactant metering, add mixer to mix, make interleaving agent or surfactant be wrapped in uniformly filling surface, this operation is a kind of intermittent operation of a large amount of use manpowers, because needs are frequently opened mixer handling material, so labour intensity is large, add the particularly powder of nano-scale of ultra-fine powder, inevitably make to mix place dust from flying, working environment dust pollution is serious, infringement to human body is very big.Use interleaving agent, surfactant all to increase the cost of raw material, and bring thus longer technological process, increased operation, increased investment, improved production cost, reduced production efficiency.In addition, the filling proportion of prior art is lower.The ratio of patent ZL200710071720.7 filler and plastic substrate is 5～30: 100; The ratio of patent application 200910071769.1 fillers and plastic substrate is 5～60: 100.

Patent application 200910071473.X and 200910072606.5, patent ZL200920100470.X have conceived double-deck " water cable ", its internal layer for " one group of pellicle tube wall, both carried moisture; by tube wall, permeate the core pipe that discharges moisture to soil again ", outer wall is to adopt " chemical fibre, glass fibre, rock wool fibers or stainless steel wire, nonwoven, chemical fiber cloth, burlap employing be ripe closes or back-up coat sheath that method of sewing is made ".The pellicle of this technology must directly contact just and may form pellicle effect with soil.Its " back-up coat sheath " may weaken contacting of pellicle and soil, destroyed " water cable-soil-plant has formed the dynamical system of a water translocation " described in patent application 200910071473.X, makes its permeability performance variation.

Above-mentioned patent is all without mentioning antibacterial and antimildew function.A small amount of have the inorganic of antibacterial and antimildew function or metal ion auxiliary agent have been added in this case in the selection of inorganic particle, are not reducing under the prerequisite of permeance property, have greatly improved the ability that the antibiont of infiltrating irrigation element stops up.

Prior art eight:

For improving the utilization ratio of irrigation water, patent CN201020225777.5 has constructed a full automatic irrigation system of passing through wireless communication module and the wireless connections of described irrigation monitor controller being comprised of CSRC computer, irrigation monitor controller, hub, several soil moisture sensor and several valve positioner, magnetic valve.Utilize the measured data of online soil nmoisture content analyser, realize online auto monitoring and the control of soil moisture content, improved agriculture seasonal drought water shortage status, guaranteed uniformity of irrigation water appilcation, crops are supplied water and change as required precisely water supply into, guarantee agricultural production stable yields.Meagrely-populated Desert Area plant irrigation is had to realistic meaning.The shortcoming of prior art eight: obviously, use this prior art can realize irrigation automation, but Project system complicated, invest huge.

Prior art nine:

Patent ZL200710072157.5 " long hydrophone, long hydrophone irrigation system and the application in alkaline land improvement thereof " is used a kind of water receptacle with the sealing of what is called " pellicle " function.This container or the container of preparing by the method for sheet or tube heat seal or use mechanical seal, or the hollow container that adopts plastics blow molding method to prepare.The both ends open of container, one end is water inlet, one end is discharge outlet.The effect of discharge outlet is while using in salt-soda soil, and saline and alkaline " can in pipe, permeate through film ", until when concentration of aqueous solution equates with extraneous salt alkali concn in container, enter field drainage system by discharge outlet by saline-alkali water.This patent is used " pellicle " concept to explain the function that he expects, since but be pellicle, perhaps as an irrigation container simply with infiltration function, there is certain use value, but will, as the means on a transformation salinity ground, there is no scientific basis.He is described: when long hydrophone is embedded in salt-soda soil, " moisture can permeate to soil one side " be " solute ions (again) can be permeated through film in pipe " simultaneously.Since use " pellicle " concept, should be just that water can pass film soil permeability outside pipe, but salt ion " pass film permeate in pipe " again, otherwise be not just pellicle.Even described in this technical scheme, when moisture permeates to outside soil one side through pellicle, simultaneously when " solute ions (again) can through film permeate in pipe ", in film internal water, mixed again with solute, so be difficult to realize the effect on his transformation salinity ground, this technology is poor to the correctional effect in salt-soda soil.

In sum, in prior art, without employing, there is the technology of the capillary percolation slight irrigation material preparation infiltration slight irrigation element of three-dimensional net structure, do not adopt hydrogel permeation layer that high-moisture-retention resin obtains as the technology of outside permeable layer yet, the control of gained irrigation system carrying capacity and water delivery time is by exterior mechanical or artificial, it not the demand that automatically adapts to plant, can not continue, balancedly infiltration, without antibacterial, protection against rodents ability, resistance to blocking is poor, irrigation water is subject to liquid level to affect minimizing in time, can not Reusability, not environmental protection, complex process, energy consumption is large, production efficiency is low, high in cost of production shortcoming.

Prior art, along with the carrying out of irrigating, container middle water level reduces, and the water permeable area of irrigation container reduces, and can produce irrigation unbalanced phenomena.If but use separately slight irrigation container of the present invention, along with the carrying out of irrigating, although container middle water level also can decline, but due to the existence of outside gel layer, as long as have water in container, the gel layer water yield of external container not only bottom is sufficient, transmission due to the water between gel, make whole gel layer water still sufficient, so the water level of infiltration slight irrigation internal tank now seems still not reduce, still present a kind of balanced effect of irrigating.

(6) special fabrication design, has improved the application of permeating slight irrigation container

The present invention processes the hollow container with reinforcement by blowing, has improved the ability of the anti-external pressure of infiltration slight irrigation container, has made to solve the shortcoming that existing patent can not the husky extruding of anti-current, has improved range of application, and desert afforestation and desertification control played a key effect.

(7) greatly reduce the cost of solid water

It and the solid water irrigation method ratio of whole use high-moisture-retention resins, the present invention only uses thin layer on surface, suppose the resin that can save 95%, if do not considered, the expense (comparing with the high price of resin negligible) of container is equivalent to reduce by 95% cost.The consumption of greatly having saved expensive high-moisture-retention resin, has reduced cost, has also improved the water capacity under unit volume simultaneously.Because water in container can supplement, so " solid water " that be connected with system can Reusability, greatly improved the utilization rate of expensive high water-retaining resin.

(8) be unfavorable for weed growth, reduced disease and pest, improved crop yield

The present invention is the sub-irrigation of a kind of " adaptive mode ", can be by fertilizer with medicament (if necessary) with water, according to the demand of plant self, be input near crop root, make crop root soil often keep suitable moisture and nutrient, not only economize on water but also save fertilizer and medicament.Because infiltrating irrigation power comes from capillary percolation, do not produce bulk water, so crumb structure that can spoiled soil and causing hardens, make soil always in rarefaction, ventilation is good.Meanwhile, the present invention can make the humidity of soil surface and plant leaf surface reduce to minimum.According to surveying and determination, the infiltrating irrigation air humidity that irrigates through furrow reduces by 28.5% in booth., thereby weeds are difficult for procreation growth, and the generation of sick worm, mushroom etc. also greatly reduces, and also very favourable to preventing root rot etc., particularly booth work is all the more so.Crops are at this moisture, and in the superior environment of air and nutrient, can be luxuriant grow, has improved output.With surface irrigation comparison, corn growth rate is 18.4%～36.1%; Wheat growth rate is 12.3%～38.3%; Grape, vegetables rate of growth can reach 21%～55%, and visible infiltrating irrigation effect of increasing production is very significant.

(9) be conducive to desert and fix the sand, desert

At present desert is very serious to occupying of human living ground, how sand control, fix the sand to resist desert to occupy the mankind be an extremely urgent difficult problem.At present or plant grass or plant trees, by increasing the method for ground vegetation, carry out sand control, fix the sand.Steady in a long-term irrigation water that provides is not only provided for this, and needs to adopt the irrigation method of water saving the most.Infiltration slight irrigation mode of the present invention is a kind of irrigation method of economizing on water most, while or a kind of minimum, mode to artificial dependence minimum of investing.The existing mode with drip irrigation and improvement drip irrigation, or Artificial Control irrigation time and irrigation interval, very big to artificial interdependency, people can lay irrigation system in wide stretches of desert, but unimaginable this system that maintains year in year out in wide stretches of desert, desert particularly, water imbibition is very low, the little waters of filling with will produce deep percolation more, cause water resource waste, so if employing drip irrigation must be according to the consumption degree of the demand of plant and irrigation water, frequent opening and closing drip irrigation system.In desert area, this is inconceivable to artificial dependence.Adopting electromechanical meters and computer known is obviously greatly to reduce artificial dependence, but brings investment huge.Unpowered, self adaptation of the present invention, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system exactly adapts to this requirement, as long as long as system is laid and completely can constantly be provided water source to system, irrigate and will continuously carry out! Its advantage is 1, economizes on water most; 2, at utmost reduce artificial dependence; 3, investment is minimum.

(10) being conducive to salt-soda soil irrigates and transforms

Infiltration irrigation system is applied to alkaline land improvement, can obtain special effect.People were once applied to alkaline land improvement by drip irrigation system, attempted to use hydraulic pressure alkali.Found that the salinization of soil that does not only have effect also to aggravate soil.Main cause is that drip irrigation system is a kind of pulsation, unbalanced irrigation.Especially the interim stopping in irrigation, along with the saline and alkaline meeting of consumption of water moves up from underground until separate out on earth's surface, constantly irrigate constantly and stop causing the saline and alkaline gathering on earth's surface, the salinization of soil of soil is increased the weight of.

Unpowered, self adaptation of the present invention, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system but can adapt to and press saline and alkaline requirement, as long as long as system is laid and completely can constantly be provided water source to system, irrigation will be carried out continuously, the flow of water in soil will be positioned at an equilibrium locations, also maintain maxmun field capacity scope, because water is constant, water is always pushed down saline and alkaline, saline and alkalinely just can not rise to earth's surface.So Irrigation System of the present invention adapts to the irrigation in salt-soda soil most, be suitable for alkaline land improvement most.

Summary of the invention

(1): a kind of slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function and preparation method thereof

A kind of slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function and preparation method thereof, in this material, do not contain interleaving agent and surfactant, the inorganic filler ratio of filling is higher, overcome in prior art the infiltration effect of material poor, investment is large, the cost of raw material is high, technological process is long, production efficiency is low, the shortcoming that overall manufacturing cost is high, this material has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix simultaneously, be uniform-distribution with the structure of being piled up the capillary infiltration network forming by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, this structure had both guaranteed processing and the serviceability of material, again can be according to the flow of water height of the soil contacting with it, water can outwards be seeped water or be stopped outside infiltration automatically by the capillary network of material internal.This material also can have function antibacterial, that keep away mouse, can be widely used in the infiltrating irrigation element such as various infiltrating irrigation tubing, filtration irrigation membrane pipe, filtration irrigation membrane pipe (band), hollow container, film of buried slight irrigation domain requirement.

The invention provides a kind of capillary percolation slight irrigation material, comprise following component:

Component A: thermoplastic, this thermoplastic comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or take above-mentioned thermoplastic and be main blend/modification by copolymerization thing,

Wherein: described thermoplastic melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min;

B component: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the salt slurry that described hydrophilic inorganic filler comprises the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate, silicon, the condensation polymer of the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, lightweight or powdered whiting, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce is, the flyash that the red mud that Aluminum produces, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or boiler produce, or the mixture of two or more of above-mentioned inorganic filler, the particle diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is: 10 μ m-1.6 μ m;

Auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited with parts by weight by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphorous acid esters thermal oxidation stabilizer at 1: 1;

Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene that the high fluidity polyethylene of auxiliary agent component D: melt mass flow rate >=30g/10min or polypropylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000;

The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are:

A：100，B：45-300，C：0.2-1.0，D：1-5；

Above-mentioned each component is taken to the mixing capillary percolation slight irrigation material that makes in mixing roll according to weighing balance.This material has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure forming of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, can be according to the flow of water height of the soil contacting with it, water can outwards be seeped water or be stopped outside infiltration by this capillary infiltration network.

The polyethylene that its component A is melt mass flow rate≤0.1g/10min.

The polypropylene that its component A is melt mass flow rate≤0.4g/10min.

The particle size range that it is characterized in that its B component is 6.5 μ m-1.6 μ m.

The particle size range that it is characterized in that its B component is 2.6 μ m-1.6 μ m.

The parts by weight that it is characterized in that its B component are 65-200.

The parts by weight that it is characterized in that its B component are 85-150.

It is characterized in that, in its B component, also can adding nano-particle material, its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

It is characterized in that its nano-particle material is nano-calcium carbonate.

The grain size that it is characterized in that nano-particle material is 60nm～100nm.

The grain size that it is characterized in that nano-particle material is 60nm～80nm.

The parts by weight that add that it is characterized in that its nano-particle material are≤6.

It is characterized in that its auxiliary agent component C is that four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol esters and tricresyl phosphite (2,4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester are composited.

It is characterized in that high fluidity polyethylene or polypropylene that its auxiliary agent component D is melt mass flow rate >=70g/10min.

It is characterized in that this material also contains adjuvant component E: antiseptic, described antiseptic is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on and take the compound that titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide be carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

It is characterized in that this material also contains adjuvant component F: keep away mouse agent, described slaine that mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsicim or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

This material also contains adjuvant component G: carbon black or toner, its parts by weight are: 1-5.

A kind of preparation method of capillary percolation slight irrigation material, adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating single screw mixing comminutor, the draw ratio of mixing granulator machine used is >=40: 1, charge door place is used lead angle to be greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree, the screwing element of the dark screw channel that screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are 1.6～1.9 than (Do/Di), in charge door downstream, be provided with exhaust outlet, the multistage material feeding process of three grades of described hydrophilic inorganic filler employings or level Four, the amount of filler that the first order adds is the 40%-60% of hydrophilic inorganic filler amount, when containing nano-particle material, the first order should first all add all nano-sized filler, then according to 40%～20%, 30%～0%, 20%～0% ratio by remaining filler from the second level, the third level, the fourth stage adds step by step, mixing granulator makes material.

A kind of preparation method of capillary percolation slight irrigation material, adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating single screw mixing comminutor, the draw ratio of mixing granulator machine used is 48: 1, charge door place is used lead angle to be greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree, the screwing element of the dark screw channel that screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are 1.6～1.9 than (Do/Di), in charge door downstream, be provided with exhaust outlet, described hydrophilic inorganic filler adopts level Four material feeding process, the amount of filler that the first order adds is the 40-60% of hydrophilic inorganic filler amount, when containing nano-particle material, the first order should first all add all nano-sized filler, then according to 40%～20%, 30%～0%, 20%～0% ratio by remaining filler from the second level, the third level, the fourth stage adds step by step, mixing granulator makes material.

A kind of preparation method of capillary percolation slight irrigation material, adopt masterbatch preparation method, use twin-screw mixer comminutor, the draw ratio of mixing granulator machine used is 48: 1, charge door place is used lead angle to be greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree, the screwing element of the dark screw channel that screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are 1.6～1.9 than (Do/Di), in charge door downstream, be provided with exhaust outlet, described hydrophilic inorganic filler adopts level Four material feeding process, the amount of the hydrophilic inorganic filler that the first order adds is the 40%-60% of hydrophilic inorganic filler amount, when containing nano-particle material, the first order should first all add all nano-sized filler, the second level, the third level, the fourth stage is reinforced, according to 40%～20%, 30%～0%, 20%～0% ratio adds remaining filler step by step, mixing granulator makes material masterbatch and masterbatch and remaining thermoplastic is joined in dual-screw pelletizer again, be processed into material.During the processing technology of masterbatch, first the resin and plastic of whole fillers and part is made to masterbatch, then by masterbatch and remaining plastics again granulation make.

A preparation method for capillary percolation slight irrigation material, adopts continuous mixing comminutor, adds all materials are disposable, makes material requested.

Mother material, due to through twice mixing process, for the less filler systems of particle diameter, particularly contains the system of nano particle, can obtain better dispersion effect.

The preparation method of material of the present invention also can adopt continuous mixing (FCM) comminutor process route.The mixing cavity volume of continuous mixer is large compared with twin-screw mixer comminutor, can be disposable hold the infill system that particle is thin, bulk density is less, volume is larger, so can add all materials are disposable, makes material requested.

Processing temperature generally, between 110-290 ℃, depends primarily on type and the ratio of selected plastics kind and filler, and concrete temperature range will provide in an embodiment.

The hydrophilic inorganic filler surface of adding in material of the present invention has numerous hydrophilic polar functional groups, so there is capillary percolation function, but the existence due to polar functional group, make it all very poor with wellability, the compatibility of not hydrophilic thermoplastic, very difficult quilt is evenly added in plastics, so often need to add surface modifier to carry out surface modification to filler at traditional field of plastics processing, make wellability, the compatibility of its change or increase and plastics, to obtain enough mechanical properties, meet processing and the serviceability of material.But surface modification treatment has often been destroyed the hydrophily of inorganic filler, sacrificed the capillary percolation performance of inorganic filler.The present invention is in order to keep the hydrophilic permeance property of inorganic filler, filler is not carried out to surface modification treatment, for different materials, by the classification technique such as feed in raw material, filler is filled in plastics, with a kind of reunion state that can allow, be evenly distributed in plastic substrate, formed a kind of aggregate being piled into by countless hydrophilic inorganic filler particles and be evenly distributed on the structure in the continuous plasticity network being formed by not hydrophilic thermoplastic.The heap masonry of hydrophilic inorganic filler particle connects into a continuous 3 D stereo capillary channel, provides material fabulous infiltrate characteristic, and the continuous 3 D stereo network that not hydrophilic thermoplastic forms provides processing and the mechanical and physical performance of material.

(2): a kind of infiltration micro irrigation pipe and manufacture method thereof

A kind ofly there is unpowered, self adaptation, continue, the micro irrigation pipe of balanced infiltration function and preparation method thereof, its main feature has: the power of infiltrating irrigation tubing water outlet is not external pressure, gravity but capillary percolation and gel synaeresis do not need external impetus; The control of carrying capacity is not by exterior mechanical or artificial, but automatically adapts to the demand of plant, and according to the height of outside soil water potential, Automatic-seepage water or stop infiltration, has adaptation function; Good anti-clogging effect makes tubing can keep continuing infiltration effect; Capillary percolation function makes to irrigate uniform balance.Use this slight irrigation pipe racks and auxiliary with other, irrigate essential element, can form a kind of " unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration slight irrigation system ".Simple process of the present invention, cost is low, has solved the not environmental protection existing in prior art, complex process, production efficiency low, high in cost of production problem.This infiltration micro irrigation pipe comprises the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function described in aforementioned (1).

An infiltration micro irrigation pipe, this pipe is comprised of double-decker, and it is outer that in order to have the capillary percolation pipe of capillary water seepage function, internal layer is the perforate screwed pipe that recess has strip or circular opening,

Described capillary percolation pipe adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate of this thermoplastic (MFR)≤4g/10min (GB/T 3682-2000,190 ℃/2.16kg, lower same); Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; Auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene that the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate >=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5, by being taken at mixing making in mixing roll by above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure forming of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, make the described capillary percolation pipe can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.

It is characterized in that the component A in its capillary percolation pipe component is selected from, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend/modification by copolymerization thing of above-mentioned thermoplastic as master of take; Component B is selected from, the flyash that red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or the boiler that the salt slurry that condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate, silicon, the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce, Aluminum produce produces, or two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler.

It is characterized in that, in its B component, also can adding nano-particle material, its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

It is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component E: antiseptic, described antiseptic is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on and take the compound that titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide be carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

It is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component F: keep away mouse agent, described slaine that mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsicim or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

This capillary percolation micro irrigation pipe has the aggregate being piled into by countless hydrophilic inorganic filler particles and is evenly distributed on the three-dimensional network capillary infiltration structure consisting of not hydrophilic thermoplastic.The heap masonry of hydrophilic inorganic filler particle connects into a continuous 3 D stereo capillary penetrating passage, provide micro irrigation pipe fabulous infiltrate characteristic, not hydrophilic thermoplastic forms a continuous 3 D stereo plasticity network, has guaranteed processing and the mechanical and physical performance of micro irrigation pipe.That this micro irrigation pipe has is unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration function, can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, the capillary network structure by pipe wall material inside outwards seeps water or stops outside infiltration.

An anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe, this pipe is comprised of double-decker, and skin is gel protective layer, and internal layer is the capillary percolation pipe with capillary water seepage function,

Described gel protective layer is comprised of nonwoven and high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, by volume, the 0.5%-3% that high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is nonwoven, described high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is thrown in nonwoven space;

Described capillary percolation pipe adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, and described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; Auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene that the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate >=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5, by being taken at mixing making in mixing roll by above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure forming of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, make the described capillary percolation pipe can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.The water that capillary percolation pipe oozes out expands high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal and forms gel; in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network being formed by nonwoven; the outer wall that gel protective layer is simultaneously close to capillary percolation pipe makes gel and capillary channel form one, and one side contacts with soil and forms the anti-clogging protective layer with infiltration function.

It is characterized in that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal in its outer gel protective layer is selected from: modified starch series, cellulose family, chitin kind, polyacrylic acid sodium salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate esters polymer and their copolymer, graft, derivative or modifier.

It is characterized by by volume the 0.5%-1% that high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is nonwoven.

It is characterized in that, in its B component, also can adding nano-particle material, its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

It is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component E: antiseptic, described antiseptic is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on and take the compound that titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide be carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

It is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component F: keep away mouse agent, described slaine that mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsicim or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

It is characterized in that being also surrounded by gel protective layer at the skin of its capillary percolation pipe.

A preparation method for micro irrigation pipe, the method comprises the following steps:

Preparation has the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function: adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating single screw mixing comminutor, adopt the multistage material feeding process of three grades or level Four, the draw ratio of mixing granulator machine used is >=40: 1, in every grade of charge door downstream, be provided with exhaust outlet, charge door place is used lead angle to be greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree, screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are than the screwing element that is 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel, first by whole plastics, auxiliary agent and 40%～60% filler, from mixing granulator owner, expect that mouth adds, when containing nano-particle material, the first order should first all add all nano-particle materials, and then in the second level, the third level, fourth stage charge door, according to 40%～20%, 30%～0%, 20%～0% ratio adds remaining filler step by step, mixing granulator makes the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function,

Preparation capillary percolation pipe: by the obtained slight irrigation material tube extruding machine extruding pipe material with capillary percolation function, then this tubing inflation, stretching and sizing are processed into the capillary percolation pipe with capillary water seepage function, draw ratio is 1-7 times;

Perforate screwed pipe is imported in capillary percolation pipe, form internal layer, at than the temperature of low 5 ℃-20 ℃ of capillary percolation pipe melt initiation temperature degree, heat capillary percolation pipe, it is shunk, be tightly placed on perforate screwed pipe, make.

Draw ratio while it is characterized in that processing capillary percolation pipe is 2-4 times.

It is characterized in that the heating-up temperature of capillary percolation pipe lower 5 ℃-10 ℃ than its melt initiation temperature degree.

A preparation method for anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe, comprises the following steps:

Preparation has the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function: adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating single screw mixing comminutor, adopt the multistage material feeding process of three grades or level Four, the draw ratio of mixing granulator machine used is >=40: 1, in every grade of charge door downstream, be provided with exhaust outlet, charge door place is used lead angle to be greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree, screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are than the screwing element that is 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel, first by whole plastics, auxiliary agent and 40%～60% filler, from mixing granulator owner, expect that mouth adds, when containing nano-particle material, the～level should first all add all nano-particle materials, and then in the second level, the third level, fourth stage charge door, according to 40%～20%, 30%～0%, 20%～0% ratio adds remaining filler step by step, mixing granulator makes the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function,

Preparation capillary percolation pipe: by the obtained slight irrigation material tube extruding machine extruding pipe material with capillary percolation function, then this tubing inflation, stretching and sizing are processed into the capillary percolation pipe with capillary water seepage function, draw ratio is 1-7 times;

The preparation of gel protective layer: first loose type nonwoven is welded or be stitched into pipe, again high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is sprinkling upon on nonwoven, high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is fallen in nonwoven hole, after 10-30 minute Steam treatment, the imbibition of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, be fixed on firmly in nonwoven hole, form gel protective layer;

Finally gel protective layer is enclosed within outside capillary percolation pipe, obtaining can anticlogging infiltration micro irrigation pipe.

After pipeline water-filling; under the effect of water; crosslinked high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal can further expand in loose nonwoven; because the expansion multiple after the water suction of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal can be up to hundred times; but the water-insoluble plastic network consisting of nonwoven is height tension; so gel protective layer can tightly be attached on the wall of inner container with capillary percolation function, form the close contact that capillary layer and gel layer are integrated.This close contact can further improve osmotic effect, and the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal simultaneously expanding also can be outwardly, forms the gel protective layer with soil particle good contact.

(3) a kind of infiltration slight irrigation container and preparation method thereof

There is adaptive equalization infiltration irrigation function and the good slight irrigation container of anti-obstruction function, its root zone of placing into the soil can directly be irrigated root system of plant.Automatically adapt to the demand of plant, according to the height of outside soil water potential, Automatic-seepage water or stop infiltration, there is adaptation function, do not have surface water evaporation waste, also the gravity seepage waste of the non-existent irrigation water causing due to water dead weight, drips each and all by plant, is made full use of, irrigation water is saved to minimum level, greatly improved the efficiency of irrigation water.Good anti-clogging effect makes container can keep continuing infiltration effect; Capillary percolation function makes to irrigate uniform balance.It can use separately the effect of playing miniature reservoir, also can be connected with pipeline system and assist with other and irrigate essential element, forms a kind of " unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration slight irrigation system ".This infiltration slight irrigation container comprises the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function described in aforementioned (1).

1. one kind is permeated slight irrigation container, this container is made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate of this thermoplastic (MFR)≤4g/10min (GB/T 3682-2000,190 ℃/2.16kg, lower same); Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; Auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene that the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate >=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5, by being taken at mixing making in mixing roll by above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure forming of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, make the infiltration slight irrigation container made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this internal tank or stop outside infiltration, and this container has water inlet and exhaust outlet.

2. the infiltration slight irrigation container as described in technical scheme 1, it is characterized in that the component A in its capillary percolation pipe component is selected from, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend/modification by copolymerization thing of above-mentioned thermoplastic as master of take; Component B is selected from, the flyash that red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or the boiler that the salt slurry that condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate, silicon, the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce, Aluminum produce produces, or two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler.

3. the infiltration slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 1, is characterized in that, in its B component, also can adding nano-particle material, and its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

4. the slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 1, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain auxiliary agent component E: antiseptic, described antiseptic is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on and take the compound that titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide be carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

5. the infiltration slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 1, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain auxiliary agent component F: keep away mouse agent, described slaine that mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsicim or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

6. an anticlogging infiltration slight irrigation container, this container has double-decker, skin is gel protective layer, internal layer is for adopting the infiltration slight irrigation container as described in technical scheme 1-5 to form, described gel protective layer is comprised of nonwoven and high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, by volume, high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-3% of nonwoven, described high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is thrown in nonwoven space, the water oozing out from internal layer expands high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal and forms gel, in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network being formed by nonwoven, the outer wall that gel protective layer is simultaneously close to internal layer makes gel and capillary channel form one, one side contacts with soil and forms the anti-clogging gel protective layer with infiltration function.

7. anticlogging infiltration slight irrigation container as described in technical scheme 6, is characterized in that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal in its outer gel protective layer is selected from: modified starch series, cellulose family, chitin kind, polyacrylic acid sodium salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate esters polymer and their copolymer, graft, derivative or modifier.

8. anticlogging infiltration slight irrigation container described in technical scheme 6, is characterized by by volume the 0.5%-1% that high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is nonwoven.

9. anticlogging infiltration slight irrigation container as described in technical scheme 6, is characterized in that its internal layer is made into flat film container, on described film container, with water inlet and blast pipe, on described water inlet and blast pipe with horn mouth.Horn mouth is for the ease of pouring water and being connected with plug or pipeline.

10. the slight irrigation container as described in one of technical scheme 1-5, is characterized in that this container is Blow Molded Articles, and described water inlet and blast pipe are helical form, and the outer surface of this container is strengthened structure with waling structure and horizontal concavity.

11. slight irrigation containers as described in technical scheme 10, is characterized in that also comprising a skin, and described skin is gel protective layer.

12. described in technical scheme 1-5 the preparation method of slight irrigation container, comprise the following steps:

Preparation has the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function: adopt twin-screw mixer comminutor or reciprocating single screw mixing comminutor, adopt the multistage material feeding process of three grades or level Four, the draw ratio of mixing granulator machine used is >=40: 1, in every grade of charge door downstream, be provided with exhaust outlet, charge door place is used lead angle to be greater than the long helical pitch of 25 degree, screw rod external diameter and screw rod internal diameter are than the screwing element that is 1.6～1.9 dark screw channel, first by whole plastics, auxiliary agent and 40%～60% filler, from mixing granulator owner, expect that mouth adds, when containing nano-particle material, the first order should first all add all nano-particle materials, and then in the second level, the third level, fourth stage charge door, according to 40%～20%, 30%～0%, 20%～0% ratio adds remaining filler step by step, mixing granulator makes material,

The preparation of slight irrigation container: the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function is processed into hollow container with hollow blow molding process, then stretches; Or this material is processed into film with inflation film manufacturing machine, then through welding, stretch, cut into needed container; Wherein draw ratio is 1～7 times.

The preparation method of 13. slight irrigation containers described in technical scheme 12, it is characterized by its draw ratio is 2～4 times.

14. described in technical scheme 6-9 the preparation method of anticlogging slight irrigation container, comprise the following steps:

The preparation of internal layer: prepare internal layer according to preparation method described in technical scheme 12;

Outer field preparation: loose type nonwoven is cut into respective width, then high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is evenly dispensed on loose type nonwoven, by volume, high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is the 0.5%-3% of nonwoven, high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is evenly fallen in the hole of nonwoven, then use steam treatment 10-30 minute, high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is expanded, be fixed on firmly in nonwoven hole, then will include the nonwoven welding of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal or be stitched into container-like, and be cut into corresponding length according to the size of slight irrigation container, be enclosed within the anticlogging slight irrigation container that the outer formation of internal layer has gel protective layer.

Gel layer has not only promoted the infiltration effect of slight irrigation container, also plays anticlogging protection effect.

Internal layer container and the outside gel protective layer with capillary percolation function form the double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container with outstanding anti-blockage function.When container is filled after water; under the effect of water; crosslinked high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal can further expand in loose nonwoven; because the expansion multiple after the water suction of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal can be up to hundred times; but the water-insoluble plastic network consisting of nonwoven is height tension; so gel protective layer can tightly be attached on the wall of inner container with capillary percolation function, form the close contact that capillary layer and gel layer are integrated.This close contact can further improve osmotic effect, and the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal simultaneously expanding also can be outwardly, forms the gel protective layer with soil particle good contact.

(4) a kind of unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system

This infiltration irrigation system comprises " a kind of infiltration slight irrigation container " described in " a kind of infiltration micro irrigation pipe " described in aforementioned (2) or (3)

Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation portion (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation portion is infiltration micro irrigation pipe; Described infiltration micro irrigation pipe is comprised of double-decker, and outer in order to have the capillary percolation pipe (11) of capillary water seepage function, internal layer is the perforate screwed pipe (12) that recess has strip or circular opening,

Described capillary percolation pipe (11) adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, and described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; Auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene that the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate >=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5, by being taken at mixing making in mixing roll by above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure forming of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, make the described capillary percolation pipe (1) can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.

2. the infiltration irrigation system as described in 1, is characterized in that the component A in its capillary percolation pipe component is selected from, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend/modification by copolymerization thing of above-mentioned thermoplastic as master of take; Component B is selected from, the flyash that red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or the boiler that the salt slurry that condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate, silicon, the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce, Aluminum produce produces, or two or more mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler.

3. the infiltration irrigation system described in 1, is characterized in that, in its B component, also can adding nano-particle material, and its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.

As 1 described in irrigation system, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component E: antiseptic, described antiseptic is metal ion and compound or mixture and the nanometer metallic silvers such as silver, copper, zinc, be fixed on and take the compound that titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano-titanium oxide, nano silicon oxide be carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.

As 1 described in infiltration irrigation system, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component F: keep away mouse agent, described slaine that mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester or capsicim or above-mentioned two or more the mixture of keeping away mouse agent kept away, its parts by weight are: 6-15.

Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation portion (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation portion is infiltration micro irrigation pipe; Described infiltration micro irrigation pipe is comprised of double-decker, and skin is gel protective layer (13), and internal layer is the capillary percolation pipe (11) with capillary water seepage function,

Described gel protective layer (13) is comprised of nonwoven and high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, by volume, the 0.5%-3% that high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is nonwoven, described high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is thrown in nonwoven space;

Described capillary percolation pipe (11) adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, and described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; Auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene that the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate >=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5, by being taken at mixing making in mixing roll by above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure forming of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, make the described capillary percolation pipe (11) can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.The water that capillary percolation pipe (11) oozes out expands high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal and forms gel; in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network being formed by nonwoven; the outer wall that gel protective layer (4) one side is close to capillary percolation pipe (1) makes gel and capillary channel form one, and one side contacts with soil and forms the anti-clogging protective layer with infiltration function.

7. as the infiltration irrigation system described in 6, it is characterized in that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal in the outer gel protective layer (13) of micro irrigation pipe is wherein selected from: modified starch series, cellulose family, chitin kind, polyacrylic acid sodium salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate esters polymer and their copolymer, graft, derivative or modifier.

8. the infiltration irrigation system described in 6, is characterized by by volume the 0.5%-1% that high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is nonwoven.

9. as the infiltration irrigation system as described in one of in 1-5, it is characterized in that the skin of capillary percolation pipe (11) is also surrounded by gel protective layer (13).

Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation portion (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation portion is infiltration slight irrigation container, described infiltration slight irrigation container is made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; Auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant at 1: 1; Auxiliary agent component D: Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene that the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate >=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5, by being taken at mixing making in mixing roll by above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance.

The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure forming of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, make the infiltration slight irrigation container made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water or stop outside infiltration by the capillary channel with network structure of this internal tank, this container has water inlet (15) and exhaust outlet (10).

11. infiltration irrigation systems as described in 10, the outer surface of described infiltration slight irrigation container also has gel protective layer (13).

12. infiltration irrigation systems as described in 10-11, it is characterized in that this infiltration slight irrigation container is Blow Molded Articles, described water inlet (15) and blast pipe (10) are with spiral (14), and the outer surface of this container is strengthened structure (17) with waling structure (16) and horizontal concavity.

13. infiltration irrigation systems as described in 11, described infiltration slight irrigation container is made into flat film container (11), and described film container (11) is upper, with water inlet (15) and blast pipe (10).

14. permeate the application of irrigation system as described in 1-13, the infiltrating irrigation element of irrigation system are laid in underground, and plant is carried out to underground root system infiltrating irrigation.

15. permeate the application of irrigation system as described in 1-13, this infiltration irrigation system is applied to desert vegetation and irrigates.

16. permeate the application of irrigation system as described in 1-13, this infiltration irrigation system is applied to saline-alkali land vegetation and irrigates.

The present invention has overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming that prior art exists, a kind of brand-new " unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system " is provided, and its main feature has: 1, the power of infiltration slight irrigation element water delivery is not external pressure, gravity but capillary percolation and gel synaeresis (one of feature: unpowered); 2, the control of carrying capacity is not by exterior mechanical or artificial, but automatically adapts to demand (two of the feature: self adaptation) of plant; 3, anti-clogging best results (three of feature: continue); 4, irrigate uniform balance (four of feature: equilibrium).Adopt this system to irrigate, there is not surface water evaporation waste, do not have the gravity seepage waste of the irrigation water causing due to water dead weight yet, each is dripped and all by plant, made full use of, irrigation water is saved to minimum level, greatly improved the efficiency of irrigation water.Can be applicable to the water-saving irrigation of agriculture, forestry, be applied to desert vegetation and irrigate, can play the effect of fixing the sand, improve desert; Be applied to salt-soda soil and irrigate, can play the effect saline and alkaline, transformation salinity ground of pressing.

The slight irrigation element making is assembled to water source 1, head pivot 2, transmission and distribution network 3 and the irrigation portion 4 of comprising, head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network can be divided in the irrigation system of main pipe, arm, distributing pipe, obtains a kind of unpowered, self adaptation, continues, balanced infiltration irrigation system.

This irrigation system can be applicable to the water-saving irrigation of agriculture, forestry.Can be applicable to desert vegetation and irrigate, play the effect of fixing the sand, improve desert, irrigation system can adopt two large class modes: the straw plaited that 1, infiltrating irrigation pipe is laid in fixes the sand under grid, grass planting or shrub in the middle of grid; 2, infiltrating irrigation container is embedded under every tree, with pipeline to the moisturizing of infiltrating irrigation container.This irrigation system also can be applicable to salt-soda soil and irrigates, and plays the effect saline and alkaline, transformation salinity ground of pressing.

The technical program has mainly been brought following beneficial effect:

(1) simple process, performance of anti-blockage and other combination property are superior

Compare with existing hole creating technology (foaming pore-forming, waste old are pulverized and be filled to hole, wood powder or fiber-filled pore-forming, bundling capillary pipe, porous media etc.), the present invention adopts inorganic superfine powder body (for example calcium carbonate powder) to be dispersed in plastics body, by the countless micropores of certain technique self-assembling formation.Inorganic superfine powder body used, very ripe such as the synthesis technique of precipitated calcium carbonate, nano-calcium carbonate etc., quite effective to the control of particle diameter and particle diameter distribution, product has been widely used in the fields such as papermaking, coating, modifying plastics.And the particle diameter of these inorganic superfine powder bodies and particle diameter distribution are the bases that determines bore size and distribution of sizes.The technology of the present invention is all relatively easy than existing patented technology technique, use hole creating technology of the present invention, penetrating passage is automatically to generate, the efficiency that generates infiltration hole is higher, more effective to the control of pore-size and distribution of sizes, countless continuous pores run through the surface of whole irrigation container, properties of product are more superior, so can form at soil the wetting body of continuous uniform, irrigate evenly, in the region of having laid the prepared infiltrating irrigation container of the present invention, its uniformity of irrigation water appilcation generally can reach more than 95%, improved irrigation efficiency, increased output, cost is lower simultaneously, the market competitiveness is higher.

Because penetrating passage of the present invention is to consist of countless continuous imperceptible pores, evenly, through the surface of whole irrigation component, pore size is far smaller than the crumb structure of soil; It irrigates the speed of water seepage and demand and the equilibrium that water yield depends on plant completely, does not have bulk water, original of soil and capillary structure can not destroyed, and can not form thinner mud; Simultaneously because oozing out of irrigation water in the present invention do not need pressure, thus there is not the mud back suction causing due to pressure oscillation, so can not cause physical clogging; In addition, the present invention adopts a kind of composite structural design, has increased again a kind of block-resistant protection layer of new thought at capillary percolation layer outward.This protective layer is to have dosed high water-retaining resin in loose nonwoven skeleton, utilizes the characteristic of high water-retaining resin imbibition to form fine and close seamless gel protective layer, changes the compound infiltration that original simple capillary percolation is capillary percolation and gel.Gel layer is the hydrogel of a kind of " seamless ", so it neither can be stopped up also and can not stopped up by root system of plant by soil particle; Because gel layer protection makes irrigation component of the present invention always keep moisture state, so do not exist the chemistry causing due to dry fouling to stop up; It is a kind of plane contact that simple capillary percolation element wall contacts with soil, and changes the contact of gel protective layer into, is a kind of three-dimensional contact, has increased the contact area of irrigation component and soil.So anti-physical clogging of the present invention, the ability that anti-chemistry stops up and anti-root system of plant stops up, far away higher than any other scheme.In addition, the thermoplastic that the present invention uses is added with antiseptic, so antibiont plugging performance is also very outstanding.Infiltration slight irrigation element prepared by comprehensive above the present invention has outstanding comprehensive anti-blockage capability, and the slight irrigation system of formation has longer service life.Capillary percolation slight irrigation system of the present invention also can be added anti-plague of rats agent as required, so the present invention possesses anti-plague of rats ability.

(2) reduce operation, reduced pollution, raise the efficiency, reduce costs, benefit is obvious

The present invention does not use any " interleaving agent ", " surfactant ", needn't carry out surface modification treatment to filler, also not needing increases water by the operation of part surface activating agent extracting, reduced operation, reduced pollution, reduce the cost of raw material and process costs, reduced labour intensity, improved work situation, improved production efficiency.In addition, for guaranteeing that irrigation component has necessary mechanical strength, the filling proportion of the filler that prior art scheme is used is lower.Patent ZL200710071720.7 filler and plastic substrate be 30: 100 (the filling percentage of filler is 23.1%) the most at high proportion; Patent application 200910071769.1 fillers and plastic substrate be 60: 100 (the filling percentage of filler is 37.5%) the most at high proportion.And the ratio of the filler that the technical program is added and plastics can be up to 300: 100 (the filling percentage of filler is 75%), if market polyvinyl resin, ultra-fine filling material price are by 12000 yuan/ton, 2000 yuan/ton at present, the filler of increase by 37.5%～51.9% can reduce by 3750 yuan/ton～5190 yuan/ton of the costs of raw material.Even if do not consider because the cost of raw material of not using interleaving agent or surfactant to bring reduces, do not consider due to the reduction that needn't increase the production cost that brings of heating mixed processes, only increase by one of filler and can reduce the cost of raw material and reach 45.5%～53.6%.Economic benefit is fairly obvious.

(3) stretching scheme has improved infiltration effect

The present invention does not use the interleaving agent of any micromolecular oleophilic drainage, has only adopted stretching scheme.Stretch and not only aggravated the extent of exfoliation between filler and macromolecule matrix, the most important thing is to stretch causes matrix to produce strong squeezing action to filler, there is to reset displacement in the filler that this extruding makes to be wrapped in the difference interval of matrix during melt-processed, this displacement has been transmitted the weak part that extraneous pulling force makes filler break through the interval matrix of parcel and has been formed the perforation between filler, and the gap connecting between hydrophilic filler is the key that forms penetrating passage.This gap will be far longer than the gap that prior art forms due to interleaving agent migration, and this gap consists of hydrophilic granules completely, and its water permeability is far superior to use interleaving agent (oil substances) to obtain the effect that seeps water in existing scheme.

(4) water saving, energy-conservation, cost saving

Use Microirrigation belt of the present invention under condition with no pressure, to move, so but move under low pressure condition often in practical matter because water source always has certain potential energy, the operating pressure of douche generally only has 1～4 meter water column pressure, generally only depends on limit, field water head tank to provide.As long as have water in water head tank, just can realize long-term unpowered uninterrupted automatic irrigation, so energy consumption is few.Simultaneously because infiltration slight irrigation container is embedded in underground, both avoided as surface irrigation owing to cruelly leaking and causing the ageing failure of irrigation container under sunshine for a long time, do not hinder again ground field management farming, the required labour that pours water is less, so both saved the frequent expense of changing of infiltration slight irrigation container, saved again the operating cost of regular maintenance.

Existing all buried irrigations all belong to pressure or gravity irrigation, that is to say, in the situation that there is no human intervention, irrigation water can no matter plant whether demand can flow to always anhydrous till.But the sub-irrigation mode that infiltration slight irrigation of the present invention is a kind of " adaptive mode ", in the process of pouring water, not only upper soll layer keeps dry, between strain and surface evaporation reduce, and unlikely generation surface runoff and deep percolation, so infiltration slight irrigation water is economized most.Infiltration slight irrigation is generally than surface irrigation water-saving 50%～70%, than sprinkling irrigation water-saving 15%～20%, than drip irrigation economize 10%.Avoid using computer and electromechanical meters to realize automation simultaneously and controlled required a large amount of expenses.

(5) with water level reduction, infiltrating area minimizing, do not cause irrigating unbalanced

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is unpowered, self adaptation, continue, the flow chart of balanced infiltration irrigation system

Fig. 2 is water head tank schematic diagram

Fig. 3 is that irrigation component is the system laying scheme schematic diagram of micro irrigation pipe

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of " critical external compressive resistance infiltration micro irrigation pipe ";

Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of " anti-obstruction infiltration micro irrigation pipe ";

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of " critical external compressive resistance, antiblocking infiltration micro irrigation pipe "

Fig. 7 is that irrigation component is the system laying scheme schematic diagram of slight irrigation container

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of " mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container "

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of " critical external compressive resistance mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container "

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container "

The schematic diagram of Figure 11 " critical external compressive resistance, anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container "

Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation film container "

The specific embodiment:

Below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment 1

According to a kind of irrigation system flow chart of standard GB/T/T 50485-2009 " slight irrigation engineering legislation " design as shown in Figure 1.Comprise water source 1, head pivot 2, transmission and distribution network 3, irrigation portion 4 four major parts.As an irrigation system, because water source is different, the structure of the head pivot of employing is different, function is different, and the structure of transmission and distribution network or type of attachment, shape difference, can form different Irrigation Systems.This difference, be nothing but processing (filtering, add fertilizer and agricultural chemicals etc.), control (flow-control, liquid level control, pressure control etc.), mode of movement (material of channel or pipeline, pipeline, the layout of the canal/pipeline) difference to water, can accept or reject to some extent as required or increase.But the function of water source 1, head pivot 2 (part between water pump supercharging), pipe network 3 these parts is always absolutely necessary.Except taking pressure-reducing valve to pass through the direct water delivery of aqueduct, adopt similarly " water head tank " 5 decompression water supply of Fig. 2.Also be that irrigation water passes through transmission and distribution network 3 input water head tanks 5, then by " distributing pipe " 6, be transferred to the infiltration slight irrigation element of irrigation portion 4.The augmenting and ending of water in water head tank, can adopt a simple upper and lower fluid level control device to control.When water level during higher than high liquid level upper fluid level control device start magnetic valve and stop supplying water, when water level lower than lower liquid level at present fluid level control device start magnetic valve to water head tank moisturizing.The liquid level difference up and down arranging is less, and liquid level is controlled more accurate, and the pressure oscillation being delivered in infiltration slight irrigation element is less, but can cause the frequent starting of magnetic valve, consumes electric energy.The liquid level difference up and down arranging is larger, and liquid level is controlled more inaccuracy, and the pressure oscillation being delivered in infiltration slight irrigation element is larger, but the minimizing of the magnetic valve number of starts consumes electric energy few.Due to oozing out and pressure independent of water in infiltration slight irrigation container, it is only by permeating the faint distortion of slight irrigation element wall, water seepage to be exerted an influence that pressure changes.So the variation of height of water level can not surpass tank height in water head tank, the pressure that the variation of this liquid level brings changes negligible.So consider from saving the angle of the energy, we accurately do not control water head tank liquid level.Because infiltration slight irrigation is very economized on water, the height that water head tank is installed needn't be too high, thus some supplies of electric power less than place, also can artificial recharge.

Infiltration micro irrigation pipe be should give attention with the system of laying that is connected of irrigation system.Infiltration micro irrigation pipe of the present invention be infiltration slight irrigation element be also the delivery element with certain conveying capacity, when design laying scheme, should take into full account its this feature, reduce the expense of laying.Fig. 3 has provided the laying scheme of laying individual layer mono-layer osmotic micro irrigation pipe according to irrigating the longest trend in field: from distributing pipe 6, carry the water of coming, be delivered to " the infiltration micro irrigation pipe " 9 being embedded under " land for growing field crops " 8 soil by " pipe fitting " 7.One end of infiltration micro irrigation pipe is connected with distributing pipe 6 by pipe fitting 7, and the other end is used with " exhaust outlet " 10 end socket shutoff, and exhaust outlet is connected with blast pipe one end, and the other end of blast pipe should be exposed to ground.It is convenient with observation water level for moisturizing that exhaust outlet 10 is set, and its height is determined according to different situations.

The infiltration micro irrigation pipe 9 adopting be a kind ofly there is unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration function " critical external compressive resistance micro irrigation pipe, as shown in Figure 4, adopts following methods preparation:

Adopting 1.6 microns of (μ) calcium carbonate is filler, melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) for the high density polyethylene (HDPE) of 0.1g/10min (HDPE) resin be base-material, the ratio of weight and number of filler and resin is 150: 100; Auxiliary agent is: hindered phenol antioxygen is four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyls, 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] Ji Wusi ester alcohol, addition is 0.3 parts by weight, phosphite ester stabilizer is that tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, addition are 0.3 parts by weight; The mobile polyethylene (PE) of height that melt mass flow rate (MFR) is 70g/10min, addition is 3 parts by weight.Above-mentioned component is added respectively in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade adds the ratio of filler according to 30%, 30%, 30%, 10% of filler total amount, use screw diameter be 75 ( 75), draw ratio (L/D) dual-screw pelletizer that is 48: 1, extruding pelletization at 180-210 ℃, is then dried, is packaged to be the capillary percolation slight irrigation material with three-dimensional net structure.

This material is sent into tube extruding machine extruding pipe material at 170-200 ℃, then through 2 times of inflations, 4 times of stretchings, sizings, make the capillary percolation film pipe 11 with capillary network structure, then this capillary percolation pipe 11 is enclosed within on punching screwed pipe 12, the recess of punching screwed pipe has strip or circular opening, at 1 17 ℃, heat and within 2 minutes, make capillary percolation pipe 11 shrink, be tightly placed on punching screwed pipe 12, make " critical external compressive resistance infiltration micro irrigation pipe " (Fig. 4).

By in the system shown in prepared critical external compressive resistance micro irrigation pipe load map 3, obtain a kind of unpowered, self adaptation, continue, the irrigation system of balanced infiltration.

Embodiment 2

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 1, just infiltration micro irrigation pipe 9 wherein use that as shown in Figure 5 a kind of of cutaway views has unpowered, self adaptation, continues, " the anti-obstruction infiltration micro irrigation pipe " of balanced infiltration function.Employing following methods makes:

High-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is sprinkled upon on the loose type nonwoven of ruling width, slight vibration nonwoven, makes high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal evenly fall in nonwoven hole and be placed in water vapor atmosphere and processes 15 minutes, makes the imbibition of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal.Be sprinkled into the amount of high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal according to 0.5% of nonwoven volume ratio.High-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal particle after water suction by tightly " card " in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network being formed by nonwoven; the nonwoven that this is contained to high-moisture-retention resin is sewed up and is formed gel protective layer 13; the capillary percolation pipe 11 making by embodiment 1 is inserted in wherein, makes " the anti-obstruction infiltration micro irrigation pipe " with excellent anti-obstruction effect.

Embodiment 3

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 1, just infiltration micro irrigation pipe 9 wherein adopt that as shown in Figure 6 a kind of has unpowered, self adaptation, continues, " critical external compressive resistance, the anti-obstruction infiltration micro irrigation pipe " of balanced infiltration function.Employing following methods makes:

As shown in Figure 6.With the nonwoven that contains high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal of processing processing, be stitched into tubulose gel protective layer 13; be enclosed within outside " the critical external compressive resistance micro irrigation pipe " of embodiment 1; making intermediate layer is capillary percolation pipe 11; internal layer is punching screwed pipe 12, and skin is gel protective layer 13 " critical external compressive resistance, anti-obstruction infiltration micro irrigation pipe ".

Embodiment 4

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 1, just with infiltration slight irrigation container 18, substitutes infiltration micro irrigation pipe 9, with pipe fitting 7, distributing pipe is connected with slight irrigation container, forms another irrigation system (seeing Fig. 7), uses dissimilar slight irrigation container as shown in Fig. 8-Figure 11.Infiltration slight irrigation container 18 is embedded in to tree root bottom, is more suitable for being applied to the occasions such as afforestation.

The ratio that is 150: 100 according to the ratio of quality and the number of copies of filler and resin is by the calcium carbonate of 1.6 microns, high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) resin that melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is 0.1, auxiliary agent is: four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyls of 0.3 mass fraction, 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester and, the tricresyl phosphite of 0.3 mass fraction (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, the mobile polyethylene (PE) of height that the melt flow rate (MFR) of 3 mass fractions (MFR) is 70, the cycloheximide of the nano-titanium oxide of 3 parts by weight and the complex antimicrobials of silver ion and 10 parts by weight is kept away mouse agent.Above-mentioned component is added respectively in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade adds the ratio of filler according to 30%, 30%, 30%, 10% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is the dual-screw pelletizer that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 48: 1; extruding pelletization at 180-210 ℃; then dry, obtain HDPE construct blow-molded.This material is machined to hollow blow molding " mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " (the seeing Fig. 8) of ampuliform or other shapes, shape can be diversified, depends on the mould of design, as long as can meet the requirement of plant irrigation.Then according to 3 times of draw ratios, stretch.On " mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container ", be designed with water inlet 15 and the blast pipe 10 with spiral 14.Spiral 14 is convenient to be connected with plug or pipeline, and the shape of spiral is not important, can also be designed to other any shape of being convenient to connection.The length of water inlet 15 and blast pipe 10 depends on that plant root that the burying depth of container irrigated in other words, apart from the degree of depth on ground, must guarantee that they can be exposed at ground so that operation." mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " can be used for the less demanding occasion of critical external compressive resistance performance of anti-blockage.

Embodiment 5

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 4, just uses " the mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " of " resistance to compression individual layer slight irrigation container " alternate figures 8 of Fig. 9." critical external compressive resistance individual layer slight irrigation container " adopts following material and technique to be prepared from:

Polypropylene (PP) resin that the ratio that is 100: 100 according to the ratio of quality and the number of copies of filler and resin is 0.4 by the calcium carbonate of 2.6 microns, melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR), auxiliary agent be 0.3 mass fraction four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyl, 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester and, tricresyl phosphite (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester of 0.3 mass fraction is, high flow polypropylene (PP), the nano-titanium oxide of 3 parts by weight and the complex antimicrobials of silver ion that the melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) of 2 mass fractions is 100 and the cycloheximide of 10 parts by weight are kept away mouse agent.By above-mentioned component, by metering, dividing three grades adds respectively in dual-screw pelletizer; the first order adds the filler of all resins, auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion; every grade adds the ratio of filler according to 40%, 30%, 30% of filler total amount; using screw diameter is the dual-screw pelletizer that 75 (φ 75), draw ratio (L/D) are 48: 1; extruding pelletization at 190-220 ℃; then dry, obtain PP construct blow-molded.This material is machined to waling structure 16 and horizontal spill and strengthens the ampuliform of structure 17 or the self-bearing type resistance to compression mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container of other shapes with hollow blow molding, shape can be diversified, the mould that depends on design, as long as can meet the requirement of plant irrigation.Then according to 2 times of draw ratios, stretch, obtain self-bearing type critical external compressive resistance mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container.On " critical external compressive resistance mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " shown in Fig. 9, be designed with water inlet 15 and the blast pipe 10 with spiral 14.Spiral 14 is convenient to water inlet 15 and is connected with plug or pipeline, and the shape of spiral is not important, can also be designed to other any shape of being convenient to connection.The length of water inlet pipe 15 and blast pipe 10 depends on that plant root that the burying depth of container irrigated in other words, apart from the degree of depth on ground, must guarantee that they can be exposed at ground so that operation." resistance to compression individual layer slight irrigation container " can be used for the less demanding occasion of performance of anti-blockage.

Embodiment 6

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 4, just uses " the mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " of " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " alternate figures 8 of Figure 10.This " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " used gel protective layer 13, obtains the effect of preferably permeating slight irrigation.Gel protective layer 13 is to adopt with the following method to make: first according to the circumference circle of blow molded bottle, loose type nonwoven is cut into proper width, then the amount that is 1% by high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal according to the volume ratio with nonwoven, evenly dispense on loose type nonwoven, slight vibration nonwoven, high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is evenly fallen in the hole of nonwoven, then use steam treatment 30 minutes, high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal particle is expanded, tightly be stuck in the nonwoven skeleton with some strength, then the nonwoven that includes high-moisture-retention resin is stitched into tubulose, and be cut into suitable length according to the height of blow molded bottle, the mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container that is enclosed within again embodiment 1 preparation forms gel protective layer 13 outward.When container is filled after water; under the effect of water; crosslinked high-moisture-retention resin can further expand in loose nonwoven; because the expansion multiple after the water suction of high-moisture-retention resin can be up to hundred times; but the water-insoluble plastic network consisting of nonwoven is height tension; so gel protective layer can tightly be attached on the wall of inner container with capillary percolation function that blowing forms, and forms the close contact that capillary layer and gel layer are integrated.This close contact can further improve osmotic effect, and the high-moisture-retention resin simultaneously expanding also can be outwardly, forms the good hydrogel permeation layer contacting with soil particle.On " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " shown in Figure 10, be designed with water inlet 15 and the blast pipe 10 with spiral 14.Spiral 14 is convenient to water inlet 15 and is connected with plug or pipeline, and the shape of spiral is not important, can also be designed to other any shape of being convenient to connection.The length of water inlet pipe 15 and blast pipe 10 depends on that plant root that the burying depth of container irrigated in other words, apart from the degree of depth on ground, must guarantee that they can be exposed at ground so that operation." anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " can be used for the occasion not high to resistance to compression performance requirement.

Embodiment 7

Irrigation system is consistent with embodiment 4, just uses " the mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " of " critical external compressive resistance, anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " alternate figures 8 of Figure 11." critical external compressive resistance, anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " adopts following technique to be prepared from:

The gel protective layer 13 of embodiment 3 preparations is enclosed within outside " the critical external compressive resistance mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " shown in Fig. 9 to " critical external compressive resistance, the anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation container " with good critical external compressive resistance, performance of anti-blockage obtaining.

Embodiment 8

Figure 12 has provided the schematic diagram of the flat " anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation film container " obtaining with inflation film processing.This film container is to adopt following material and technique to be prepared from:

The ratio that is 45: 100 according to the ratio of quality and the number of copies of filler and resin is by 10 parts of the nano-calcium carbonates of 35 parts, the calcium carbonate of 1.6 microns and 60-80 nanometer, high density polyethylene (HDPE) (HDPE) resin that melt flow rate (MFR) (MFR) is 0.1, four [β-(3.5-di-t-butyls of 0.3 mass fraction, 4-hydroxy phenyl) propionic acid] pentaerythritol ester and, the tricresyl phosphite of 0.3 mass fraction (2.4-di-tert-butyl-phenyl) ester, the mobile polyethylene (PE) of height that the melt flow rate (MFR) of 5 mass fractions (MFR) is 70, above-mentioned component is added respectively in dual-screw pelletizer by metering minute level Four, the first order adds all resins, the filler of auxiliary agent and corresponding proportion, every grade adds the ratio of filler according to 30% of filler total amount, 30%, 30%, 10%, using screw diameter is 75 (φ 75), the dual-screw pelletizer that draw ratio (L/D) is 48: 1, extruding pelletization at 180-210 ℃, then dry, obtain HDPE blown film material.

This material is processed into film with inflation film manufacturing machine, then through welding, be drawn into the inner layer film container 11 that needed device shape has capillary percolation function.Draw ratio is 5 times.On inner layer film container 11, be designed with water inlet 15 and blast pipe 10 with horn mouth shape.The water inlet 15 of horn mouth shape is for the ease of pouring water and being connected with plug or pipeline, the length of water inlet 15 and blast pipe 10 depends on that plant root that the burying depth of container irrigated in other words, apart from the degree of depth on ground, must guarantee that they can be exposed at ground so that operation.

According to the width of inner layer film container 11, the cutting of loose type nonwoven is welded into cylindric, then according to the inner layer film container 11 length sections of being cut into covers thereon, and by bottom welding.Then the amount that is 0.5% by high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal according to the volume ratio with nonwoven; evenly dispense on loose type nonwoven; slight vibration nonwoven; high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is evenly fallen in the hole of nonwoven; then use steam treatment 30 minutes; high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal particle is expanded, be tightly stuck in the nonwoven skeleton with some strength, form gel protective layer 13.Inner layer film container 11 and gel protective layer 13, form " the anti-obstruction double-layer osmotic slight irrigation film container " shown in Figure 12.In container, fill after water; under the effect of water; crosslinked high-moisture-retention resin can further expand in loose nonwoven; because the expansion multiple after the water suction of high-moisture-retention resin can be up to hundred times; but the water-insoluble plastic network consisting of nonwoven is height tension; so gel protective layer can tightly be attached on the wall of inner container with capillary percolation function that blowing forms, and forms the close contact that capillary layer and gel layer are integrated.This close contact can further improve osmotic effect, and the high-moisture-retention resin simultaneously expanding also can be outwardly, forms the good hydrogel permeation layer contacting with soil particle.

Above used infiltration slight irrigation container, all must contain " water inlet " 15, can be connected with water-supply-pipe, permeates slight irrigation tubing simultaneously and permeate slight irrigation container at least to have an exhaust outlet 10.This exhaust outlet, sometimes also can with for observing the transparent pipe of liquid level, be connected, the other end of these liquid level tubes is connected with atmosphere, plays the effect of exhaust in the same old way, these liquid level tubes can be glass tube or lucite pipe.

When above-mentioned infiltration slight irrigation tubing is connected with irrigation system with container, irrigation water is enter according to the following procedure soil and plant is implemented to irrigate:

The infiltration slight irrigation element that does not contain gel protective layer for skin; after in water-filled infiltration slight irrigation element is placed into the soil, the close and numerous ground of wall outer surface of soil particle and this case infiltration slight irrigation element be uniform-distribution with " capillary channel " close contact that countless hydrophilic granules form.If " flow of water " of soil, lower than " flow of water " of irrigation water in element, the water in element can ooze out along these capillary channels outside wall, enters soil.Its power oozing out is the suction of capillary force and dry soil.The irrigation water permeating in this process in slight irrigation element is continuously realized and being irrigated to soil permeability by countless capillary channels on infiltration slight irrigation element wall.Along with the carrying out of the process of irrigation, the water content of soil constantly increases, until " flow of water " of infiltration slight irrigation element internal is identical with " flow of water " of soil.Now, water, both beinthebalancestates of the soil water in mono-layer osmotic slight irrigation element, infiltration slight irrigation element internal water is no longer to exosmosis.Be in the plant in this equilibrium state, its root system epidermis consists of a kind of pellicle, when the demand of plant growth makes " flow of water " of root system of plant inside be less than " flow of water " of soil, the soil water sees through the pellicle on root system surface to root system of plant internal penetration, enters in plant, makes " flow of water " in plant to increase, until meet the demand of plant, plant no longer absorbs water, and infiltration slight irrigation element also no longer outwards supplies (oozing) water, irrigates and finishes.Now, permeate beinthebalancestate between water in slight irrigation element, the soil water, the interior water three of plant.Moisture in entering plant is under the effect of the osmotic pressure of root system of plant, cohesive force between hydrone and plant capillary passage, moisture rises along plant trunk very soon, under plant transpiration pulling force, in plant, moisture arrives all positions that need moisture growth simultaneously.Growth along with plant, the transpiration of moisture in plant, " flow of water " of inside plants declines, " flow of water " balance in plant between water, capillary soil water, infiltration slight irrigation element internal water three is destroyed, water in soil again maceration enters in plant, water in infiltration slight irrigation multiple tube supplements to soil again, again implements to irrigate.So, go round and begin again, without stop.

The infiltration slight irrigation element that contains gel protective layer for skin; after in water-filled infiltration slight irrigation element is placed into the soil; the wall outer surface gel layer of soil particle and this case infiltration slight irrigation element contact, and the close and numerous ground of gel layer and infiltration slight irrigation element inwall be uniform-distribution with " capillary channel " close contact that countless hydrophilic granules form.If " flow of water " of soil, lower than " flow of water " of irrigation water in element, the water in element can ooze out by the gel protective layer outside wall along these capillary channels of internal layer, enters soil.Its power oozing out is the synaeresis of capillary attraction and gel layer and the suction of dry soil.The irrigation water permeating in this process in slight irrigation element is continuously realized and being irrigated to soil permeability by countless capillary channels and gel layer on infiltration slight irrigation element wall.Along with the carrying out of the process of irrigation, the water content of soil constantly increases, until " flow of water " of infiltration slight irrigation element internal is identical with " flow of water " of soil.Now, water, both beinthebalancestates of the soil water in infiltration slight irrigation element, infiltration slight irrigation element internal water is no longer to exosmosis.Be in the plant in this equilibrium state, its root system epidermis consists of a kind of pellicle, when the demand of plant growth makes " flow of water " of root system of plant inside be less than " flow of water " of soil, the soil water sees through the pellicle on root system surface to root system of plant internal penetration, enters in plant, makes " flow of water " in plant to increase, until meet the demand of plant, plant no longer absorbs water, and infiltration slight irrigation element also no longer outwards supplies (oozing) water, irrigates and finishes.Now, permeate beinthebalancestate between water in slight irrigation element, the soil water, the interior water three of plant.Moisture in entering plant is under the effect of the osmotic pressure of root system of plant, cohesive force between hydrone and plant capillary passage, moisture rises along plant trunk very soon, under plant transpiration pulling force, in plant, moisture arrives all positions that need moisture growth simultaneously.Growth along with plant, the transpiration of moisture in plant, " flow of water " of inside plants declines, " flow of water " balance in plant between water, capillary soil water, infiltration slight irrigation element internal water three is destroyed, water in soil again maceration enters in plant, water in infiltration slight irrigation element supplements to soil again, again implements to irrigate.So, go round and begin again, without stop, realize adaptation function.

Said process has formed " unpowered, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system ", and this irrigation system is only really the infiltration irrigation system of water saving.

Claims (16)

1. Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation portion (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network is divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation portion is infiltration micro irrigation pipe; Described infiltration micro irrigation pipe is comprised of double-decker, and outer in order to have the capillary percolation pipe (11) of capillary water seepage function, internal layer is the perforate screwed pipe (12) that recess has strip or circular opening,

   Described capillary percolation pipe (11) adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, and described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; Auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant 1:1; Auxiliary agent component D: Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene that the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate >=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5, by being taken at mixing making in mixing roll by above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance;

   The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure forming of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, make the described capillary percolation pipe (11) can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration.
2. 2. infiltration irrigation system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the component A in its capillary percolation pipe component is selected from, polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, polystyrene, polyester, nylon, Merlon or the blend/modification by copolymerization thing of above-mentioned thermoplastic as master of take; Component B is selected from, the flyash that red mud, titanium dioxide, industrial power plant flue gas desulfating gypsum or the boiler that the salt slurry that condensation polymer, lightweight or the powdered whiting of the oxide of metal oxide, hydroxide, sulfate, silicon, the condensation polymer of silicate, aluminosilicate, silica gel, zeolite, talcum, hydration talcum, chlorine industry produce, Aluminum produce produces, or the multiple mixture of above-mentioned inorganic filler.
3. 3. permeate as described in claim 1 irrigation system, it is characterized in that, in its B component, also adding nano-particle material, its grain size is 60nm～150nm, and adding parts by weight is≤10.
4. 4. irrigation system as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component E: antiseptic, described antiseptic is silver, copper, zinc compound or mixture and nanometer metallic silver, be fixed on and take the compound that titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, zeolite, silicate, silica gel, phosphate, active carbon and nano zine oxide, nano silicon oxide be carrier, its parts by weight are: 0.5-5.
5. 5. permeate as described in claim 1 irrigation system, it is characterized in that having the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, also contain adjuvant component F: keep away mouse agent, describedly keep away slaine or capsicim or the above-mentioned multiple mixture of keeping away mouse agent that mouse agent is cycloheximide, terpenoid compound monomer, borate compounds, aryl phosphate ester, its parts by weight are: 6-15.
6. 6. as the infiltration irrigation system as described in one of in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that the skin of capillary percolation pipe (11) is also surrounded by gel protective layer (13).
7. Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation portion (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network is divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation portion is infiltration micro irrigation pipe; Described infiltration micro irrigation pipe is comprised of double-decker, and skin is gel protective layer (13), and internal layer is the capillary percolation pipe (11) with capillary water seepage function,

   Described gel protective layer (13) is comprised of nonwoven and high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal, by volume, the 0.5%-3% that high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is nonwoven, described high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is thrown in nonwoven space;

   Described capillary percolation pipe (11) adopts the slight irrigation material with capillary percolation function to make, and described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; Auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant 1:1; Auxiliary agent component D: Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene that the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate >=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5, by being taken at mixing making in mixing roll by above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance;

   The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure forming of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, make the described capillary percolation pipe (11) can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water by the capillary channel with network structure of this tube wall inside or stop outside infiltration; The water that capillary percolation pipe (11) oozes out expands high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal and forms gel; in the high strength macromolecular scaffold network being formed by nonwoven; the outer wall that gel protective layer (4) one side is close to capillary percolation pipe (11) makes gel and capillary channel form one, and one side contacts with soil and forms the anti-clogging protective layer with infiltration function.
8. 8. permeate as described in claim 7 irrigation system, it is characterized in that the high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal in the outer gel protective layer (13) of micro irrigation pipe is wherein selected from: modified starch series, cellulose family, chitin kind, polyacrylic acid sodium salt, polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate esters polymer and their copolymer, graft, derivative or modifier.
9. 9. permeate as described in claim 7 irrigation system, it is characterized by by volume, the 0.5%-1% that high-moisture-retention resin-oatmeal is nonwoven.
10. Unpowered a, self adaptation, continue, balanced infiltration irrigation system, comprise water source (1), head pivot (2), transmission and distribution network (3) and irrigation portion (4), head pivot comprises water pump assembly, water pump pressure charging system, fertilizer and chemical agent injection device, controller, measurement mechanism and filtration system; Transmission and distribution network is divided into main pipe, arm, distributing pipe; It is characterized in that: the irrigation component of irrigation portion is infiltration slight irrigation container, described infiltration slight irrigation container is made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function, described slight irrigation material comprises: component A: thermoplastic, the melt mass flow rate≤4g/10min of this thermoplastic; Component B: hydrophilic inorganic filler, the average grain diameter of described hydrophilic inorganic filler is 10 μ m-1.6 μ m; Auxiliary agent component C: composite antioxidant, described composite antioxidant is composited by Hinered phenols antioxidant and phosphite ester kind antioxidant 1:1; Auxiliary agent component D: Tissuemat E or atactic copolymerized polypropene that the high-flowability polypropylene of melt mass flow rate >=30g/10min, polyethylene or mean molecule quantity are greater than 3000; The parts by weight of above-mentioned each component are: A:100, and B:45-300, C:0.2-1.0, D:1-5, by being taken at mixing making in mixing roll by above-mentioned each component according to weighing balance;

    The slight irrigation material of described capillary percolation function has in not hydrophilic thermoplastic matrix, the equally distributed capillary infiltration network structure forming of being piled up by hydrophilic inorganic filler particle, make the infiltration slight irrigation container made by the slight irrigation material of capillary percolation function can be according to the flow of water height of the soil of contact with it, water can outwards seep water or stop outside infiltration by the capillary channel with network structure of this internal tank, this container has water inlet (15) and blast pipe (10).
11. 11. infiltration irrigation systems as claimed in claim 10, the outer surface of described infiltration slight irrigation container also has gel protective layer (13).
12. 12. infiltration irrigation systems as described in claim 10 or 11, it is characterized in that this infiltration slight irrigation container is Blow Molded Articles, described water inlet (15) and blast pipe (10) are with spiral (14), and the outer surface of this container is strengthened structure (17) with waling structure (16) and horizontal concavity.
13. 13. infiltration irrigation systems as claimed in claim 11, described infiltration slight irrigation container is made into flat film container (11), and described film container (11) is upper, with water inlet (15) and blast pipe (10).
14. 14. permeate the application of irrigation system as described in one of claim 1 to 13, the infiltrating irrigation element of irrigation system are laid in underground, and plant is carried out to underground root system infiltrating irrigation.
15. 15. permeate the application of irrigation system as described in one of claim 1 to 13, this infiltration irrigation system is applied to desert vegetation and irrigates.
16. 16. permeate the application of irrigation system as described in one of claim 1 to 13, this infiltration irrigation system is applied to saline-alkali land vegetation and irrigates.