CN102906340A - Ground anchor, offshore foundation using a ground anchor and method of establishing an offshore foundation - Google Patents

Ground anchor, offshore foundation using a ground anchor and method of establishing an offshore foundation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102906340A
CN102906340A CN2010800671059A CN201080067105A CN102906340A CN 102906340 A CN102906340 A CN 102906340A CN 2010800671059 A CN2010800671059 A CN 2010800671059A CN 201080067105 A CN201080067105 A CN 201080067105A CN 102906340 A CN102906340 A CN 102906340A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
earth anchor
ground
coastal waters
tensioner
sea bed
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN2010800671059A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
H.F.利恩德鲁普
T.奥斯特加尔德
J.B.佩德森
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of CN102906340A publication Critical patent/CN102906340A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

An offshore foundation, in particular an offshore foundation for a wind turbine, is provided which is installed on the seabed (3). The offshore foundation comprises an offshore foundation structure (1) and at least one ground anchor (6) with at least one foldable element (8) which can be folded do have a minimum surface area and unfolded so as to be able to act like a barb.

Description

Earth anchor, use the coastal waters ground of earth anchor and set up the method for coastal waters ground
Technical field
The present invention relates to the earth anchor for the coastal waters ground.In addition, the method that the present invention relates to the coastal waters ground and set up the coastal waters ground.More specifically, the present invention relates to set up and the maintenance foundation structure by means of one or more earth anchor.
Background technology
Be well known that at sea bed and set up single pile, protector configurations or tripod structure as ground, especially for the offshore wind turbine facility.The single pile structure example is as being described in WO2009/026933A1.US 5988949 and EP 2067914A2 have for example described protector configurations, and DE 102004042066A1 has for example described the tripod structure.
The typical method that is used for setting up ground (particularly, based on the ground of protector configurations or tripod structure) is to prepare sea bed before setting up ground, and it comprises that the height difference of eliminating sea bed is in order to obtain the structure of the level that is in.In addition, method for example comprises by means of the stake positioning templet structure of the prefabricated and pre-determined bit on sea bed and sets up the stake that is placed on very exactly in the sea bed.Stake is as the anchor of coastal waters ground.
Set up stake by example such as hydraulic pressure drifting apparatus (it is hammered onto stake in the sea bed effectively).When setting up described when stake, for example sheath or tripod building is established on the part of stake and be in the milk in order to sets up firmly connection in the space between supporting leg and the stake.
Summary of the invention
About above-mentioned technical field, target of the present invention provides the favourable earth anchor for grappling coastal waters ground.Further target provides favourable coastal waters ground and the method for setting up the coastal waters ground.
First object is to realize by the earth anchor that is used for the coastal waters ground of stating such as claim 1.This further target is to realize by the coastal waters ground of stating such as claim 5 and such as the method for setting up the coastal waters ground at sea bed that claim 8 is stated.Dependent claims comprises further improvement of the present invention.
Earth anchor be used to being installed in the coastal waters ground on the sea bed of the present invention, the earth anchor that specifically is used for the coastal waters ground of wind turbine, comprise at least one collapsible element, its can be folded in order to have Minimum Surface Area and be unfolded in order to can be used as barb.Earth anchor can be specifically used for single pile structure, jacket structure or tripod structure.
Such earth anchor is realized the function of similar umbrella, that is: during put procedure, anchor folded so that its have Minimum Surface Area and have towards the sea bed material and thereby towards the minimum drag that is placed direction.In anchor is placed on sea bed during the tram of certain depth, it is unfolded and provides large resistance to resist along tension force and the opposing of the direction of attached tensioner as barb and is removed from sea bed.
Earth anchor can comprise that for the linkage that connects tensioner or its can be the integral part of this tensioner.
In order to help to launch collapsible element, collapsible element can be equipped with sharp edges, and it is presented in during expansion process collapsible element with the direction of motion.
Earth anchor of the present invention provides cheaply and simply substituting of existing earth anchor and is easy to install.
Coastal waters of the present invention ground, the coastal waters ground that specifically is used for wind turbine is installed on the sea bed and comprises the coastal waters foundation structure, for example sheath or tripod structure, perhaps single pile, and be placed in the ground and be connected at least one earth anchor of foundation structure.
The earth anchor of the application of the invention can come grappling coastal waters ground by cheap and simple and easy-to-install anchoring device.
Earth anchor can be connected to the coastal waters foundation structure by tensioner, and tension force is applied to this tensioner.Such tensioner can be realized by one or more cable, one or more bar, one or more chain etc.Afterwards, the structure of the similar barb of anchor is born tension force so that for the tensioner of tensioning and therefore provide firmly fixing for ground.
Set up in the method for coastal waters ground at sea bed of the present invention, the method that specifically set up to be used for the coastal waters ground of wind turbine installation, at least one earth anchor of the leg by will being connected to the coastal waters foundation structure by means of earth anchor of the present invention is placed into and comes grappling coastal waters foundation structure in sea bed in the ground.When being placed on earth anchor in the ground, described at least one collapsible element of earth anchor is folded.When earth anchor was placed on the tram, described at least one collapsible element was unfolded and as barb, this barb is pulled out from sea bed with opposing by fixing from the tension force that the coastal waters ground applies earth anchor.
Folded so that when being installed in the sea bed when earth anchor, it is because the Minimum Surface Area when being in folded state former thereby lower resistance towards the sea bed material is provided.After anchor had been placed and has been unfolded, it provided the resistance towards the increase of sea bed material.Therefore, tension force can be applied to earth anchor and not need it is removed from sea bed, makes it possible to realize the firm grappling of ground.
Therefore, when the connection that realizes by tensioner between leg and the earth anchor, this tensioner can be tensioned so that fixing ground after earth anchor launches.
For earth anchor is placed in the ground, drills through passage and can place earth anchor by this passage in can be earthward.Can use the quilt with minor diameter to drill through passage, this is to save cost.The property scheme can be placed earth anchor by earth anchor is poured in the ground as an alternative.The lower resistance of the little cross section in the time of can being in folded state by earth anchor and the opposing sea bed material that obtains thus helps anchor is poured in the sea bed.
Description of drawings
From following description to embodiment, will be apparent to by reference to the accompanying drawings other features of the present invention, characteristic and advantage.
Fig. 1 has schematically shown tripod or the jacket structure by the offshore wind turbine ground of earth anchor grappling of the present invention.
Fig. 2 has schematically shown the embodiment of the earth anchor of the present invention that is in folded state.
Fig. 3 has schematically shown the embodiment of the Fig. 2 that is in deployed condition.
Fig. 4 has schematically shown the single pile structure by the offshore wind turbine ground of earth anchor grappling of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 show typical coastal waters ground with the form of high-level schematic, for example are used for the coastal waters ground of wind turbine.Fig. 1 shows the ground of the foundation structure that uses jacket structure or tripod structure form, and Fig. 4 shows the use single pile as the ground of foundation structure.
In Fig. 1, as schematic example, set up use jacket structure 1 as the coastal waters ground of coastal waters foundation structure at sea bed 3.Jacket structure comprises three or more supporting legs 7, and it has leg 4 and is fixed to sea bed 3 by one or more earth anchor 6 at for example leg 4 places, and described earth anchor is based upon sea bed 3 interior certain depth places.Connection between earth anchor 6 and the structure 1, for example connection between the leg 4 of earth anchor 6 and structure 1 can realize by tensioner 5, this tensioner 5 can for example be one or more cable, steel or iron, one or more chain etc.For various embodiment of the present invention, tensioner is connected to earth anchor 6 during anchor being placed in the sea bed 3.But, property scheme as an alternative, earth anchor 6 can be the integral part of tensioner 5.
Be subject to from wave 2 or still keep structure 1 in place during the affecting of load of coming the wind turbine that self-structure 1 installs in structure 1 even tension force is applied to tensioner 5.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, earth anchor 6 comprises anchor main body 12 and at least one collapsible element 8, and described collapsible element 8 can move to from folded state as shown in Figure 2 deployed condition as shown in Figure 3.Collapsible element 8 can have the triangular cross section with sharp edge 11, thereby minimizing helped to launch collapsible element 8 towards the resistance of the material of sea bed 3 when this sharp edge 11 outwards just had been unfolded with the collapsible element of box lunch from anchor main body 12.In order to help that earth anchor 6 is incorporated in the sea bed 3, earth anchor can have in its lower side most advanced and sophisticated 13.
Can realize by means of umbrella mechanism the folding and expansion of collapsible element 8, this umbrella mechanism comprises stretcher 9 to be used for stretching collapsible element 8, and it can be equivalent to the rib of umbrella.
The earth anchor 6 of the present embodiment is equipped with linkage 10, for example hook, eyelet, cotton rope etc., and to be used for being connected to one or more cable, steel or iron, one or more chain etc., it can be used as tensioner 5.In addition, linkage 10 can be connected to umbrella mechanism by means of the actuator setting, and this actuator setting is stretched so that can launch collapsible element 8 by apply tension force to tensioner 5 stretcher 9 when tension force is applied to this actuator and arranges.Alternatively, umbrella mechanism can activate and be controlled by the operator via control signal by the driver that is formed integral in the earth anchor 6.These control signals can be for example by along tensioner 5 or pass the cable that tensioner 5 extends and be sent to earth anchor.
As mentioned above, earth anchor 6 according to illustrated embodiment has the umbrella function, namely anchor is folded during put procedure, so that it has Minimum Surface Area and towards the material of sea bed 3 with towards the minimum drag that is placed direction, and when anchor 6 was placed on the tram of sea bed 3 interior certain depths, it was unfolded and is used as barb and have maximum resistance and resists along tension force and the opposing of the direction of attached tensioner 5 and be removed from sea bed 3.
For example by drilling through passage so that anchor 6 is placed by this passage, by anchor is poured in the sea bed, perhaps similar means, described one or more earth anchor 6 can be based upon certain depth place in the sea bed.
Therefore, this embodiment of the present invention is characterised in that, foundation structure (sheath or tripod) 1 is by being installed in the sea bed 3 and being fixed to sea bed 3 by one or more earth anchor 6 that one or more tensioner 5 is connected to foundation structure 1.
The advantage of embodiment is, earth anchor 6 has presented for the fixing replacement scheme of structure 1 and the routine of sea bed 3.The further advantage of this embodiment is, this is very cheap building and is easy to install.In addition, earth anchor is known and is from the technology of land building through fully testing.
The supporting leg 7 of the embodiment that has described in conjunction with Fig. 1-3 tilts with respect to vertical direction.But alternatively, supporting leg 7 also can be by directed vertically.
Fig. 4 shows the single pile structure as the coastal waters foundation structure, and it is as the alternate embodiment of coastal waters of the present invention ground.The single pile structure comprises stake 14 as one of critical element, and this stake 14 has leg 15 at its longitudinal end 16 places, and this leg 15 is placed on the sea bed 3.Three or more tensioners 5 extend to the earth anchor 6 that sea bed 6 interior arrival are placed in certain depth in the sea bed from the upper position of stake 14.The corner that anchor preferably is placed in regular polygon around stake 14 is for example at the corner of equilateral triangle.Used earth anchor 6 is corresponding to about the described earth anchor of Fig. 1-3.

Claims (11)

1. earth anchor (6) that is installed in the coastal waters ground on the sea bed (3) specifically is used for the earth anchor of the coastal waters foundation structure of wind turbine,
Be characterised in that:
It comprises at least one collapsible element (8), and described collapsible element can be folded to have Minimum Surface Area and to be unfolded in order to can be used as barb.
2. earth anchor as claimed in claim 1 (6),
Be characterised in that:
It comprises for the linkage (10) that tensioner (5) is connected to described earth anchor (6).
3. earth anchor as claimed in claim 1 (6),
Be characterised in that:
It is the integral part of tensioner (5).
4. such as each described earth anchor (6) among the claim 1-3,
Be characterised in that:
Described collapsible element (8) comprises sharp edges (11), and this sharp edges is presented in during expansion process described collapsible element (8) with the direction of motion.
5. coastal waters ground specifically is used for the coastal waters ground of wind turbine, and it is upper and comprise coastal waters foundation structure (1,14) that it is installed in sea bed (3),
Be characterised in that:
At least one is according to each described earth anchor (6) in the aforementioned claim, and described earth anchor is placed in the ground and is connected to described coastal waters foundation structure (1,14).
6. coastal waters ground as claimed in claim 5 (1),
Be characterised in that:
Described earth anchor (6) is connected to described coastal waters foundation structure (1,14) by tensioner (5), and tension force is applied in this tensioner (5).
7. coastal waters ground as claimed in claim 6 (1),
Be characterised in that:
Described tensioner (5) is realized by one or more cable, one or more bar or one or more chain.
8. method of setting up the coastal waters ground at sea bed, specifically set up the method for the coastal waters ground that is used for wind turbine installation, wherein be placed in the ground by at least one earth anchor (6) that will be connected to coastal waters foundation structure (1,14) described coastal waters foundation structure (1,14) is anchored in the described sea bed
Be characterised in that:
Such as earth anchor as described in each described earth anchor (6) is used as among the claim 1-5, and
When being placed on described earth anchor (6) in the ground, described at least one collapsible element (8) of described earth anchor (6) is folded, and when described earth anchor (6) when being placed on the tram, described at least one collapsible element (8) is unfolded.
9. method as claimed in claim 8,
Be characterised in that:
Connection between described coastal waters foundation structure (1,14) and the described earth anchor (6) realizes by tensioner (5), when described earth anchor (6) when being unfolded described tensioner (5) be tensioned.
10. such as claim 8 or method claimed in claim 9,
Be characterised in that:
By drilling through passage and place described earth anchor (6) by this passage in earthward described earth anchor (6) is placed in the ground.
11. such as claim 8 or method claimed in claim 9,
Be characterised in that:
By described earth anchor (6) is poured in the ground described earth anchor (6) is placed in the ground.
CN2010800671059A 2010-05-28 2010-11-05 Ground anchor, offshore foundation using a ground anchor and method of establishing an offshore foundation Pending CN102906340A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10164284.1 2010-05-28
EP10164284 2010-05-28
PCT/EP2010/066922 WO2011147482A1 (en) 2010-05-28 2010-11-05 Ground anchor, offshore foundation using a ground anchor and method of establishing an offshore foundation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102906340A true CN102906340A (en) 2013-01-30

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CN2010800671059A Pending CN102906340A (en) 2010-05-28 2010-11-05 Ground anchor, offshore foundation using a ground anchor and method of establishing an offshore foundation
CN201080067096.3A Expired - Fee Related CN102906339B (en) 2010-05-28 2010-11-22 Auxiliary equipment stake is arranged in sea bed, offshore foundation structure and set up the method for offshore foundation

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201080067096.3A Expired - Fee Related CN102906339B (en) 2010-05-28 2010-11-22 Auxiliary equipment stake is arranged in sea bed, offshore foundation structure and set up the method for offshore foundation

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EP (2) EP2542722A1 (en)
CN (2) CN102906340A (en)
WO (3) WO2011147482A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2536881A1 (en) 2012-12-26
CN102906339B (en) 2015-11-25
CN102906339A (en) 2013-01-30
WO2011147484A1 (en) 2011-12-01
WO2011147482A1 (en) 2011-12-01
WO2011147592A1 (en) 2011-12-01
EP2542722A1 (en) 2013-01-09

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Application publication date: 20130130