CN102904034A - Feed-forward satellite television antenna and satellite television reception system with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed-forward satellite television antenna. The feed-forward satellite television antenna comprises a metamaterial panel, wherein the metamaterial panel comprises a core layer and a reflection panel; the core layer comprises core-layer sheet layers; each core-layer sheet layer comprises a circular area and a plurality of annular areas which are distributed around the circular area; the refractive indexes of places, having the same radius, in the circular and annular areas are the same; the refractive indexes of places in the circular and annular areas gradually decrease respectively with the increase of the radius; the minimum value of the refractive index of the circular area is less than the maximum value of the refractive indexes of the annular areas adjacent to the circular area; and for two adjacent annular areas, the minimum value of the refractive index of the annular area at the inner side is less than the maximum value of the refractive index of the annular area at the outer side. According to the feed-forward satellite television antenna disclosed by the invention, the traditional parabolic antenna is replaced with the sheet-shaped metamaterial panel, so that the manufacturing and processing are easier, and the cost is lower. Furthermore, the invention further provides a satellite television reception system with the feed-forward satellite television antenna.

Description

A kind of feed forward type satellite tv antenna and satellite television receiving system thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the communications field, more particularly, relate to a kind of feed forward type satellite tv antenna and satellite television receiving system thereof.

Background technology

The satellite earth receiving station that traditional satellite television receiving system is comprised of parabolic antenna, feed, tuner, satellite receiver.Parabolic antenna is responsible for satellite-signal is reflexed to feed and the tuner that is positioned at the focus place.Feed is loudspeaker that are used for collecting satellite-signal that arrange at the focus place of parabolic antenna, claims again corrugated horn.Its major function has two: the one, the electromagnetic wave signal of antenna reception is collected, and be transformed into signal voltage, the supply high frequency head.The 2nd, the electromagnetic wave that receives is carried out polarization conversion.Tuner LNB (also claiming frequency demultiplier) carries out frequency reducing and signal with the satellite-signal that feed is sent here to amplify and then be sent to satellite receiver.Generally can be divided into C-band frequency LNB (3.7GHz-4.2GHz, 18-21V) and Ku audio range frequency LNB (10.7GHz-12.75GHz, 12-14V).The workflow of LNB is exactly to recycle local oscillation circuit after first the satellite high-frequency signals being amplified to hundreds thousand of times high-frequency signals is converted to intermediate frequency 950MHz-2050MHz, is beneficial to the transmission of coaxial cable and the solution mediation work of satellite receiver.Satellite receiver is that the satellite-signal that tuner transports is carried out demodulation, demodulates satellite television image or digital signal and audio signal.

During receiving satellite signal, parallel electromagnetic wave converges on the feed after reflecting by parabolic antenna.Usually, the feed that parabolic antenna is corresponding is a horn antenna.

But because the Machining of Curved Surface difficulty of the reflecting surface of parabolic antenna is large, required precision is also high, therefore, make trouble, and cost is higher.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for the defective that existing satellite tv antenna processing is difficult for, cost is high, to provide a kind of feed forward type satellite tv antenna simple, low cost of manufacture of processing.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of feed forward type satellite tv antenna, described feed forward type satellite tv antenna comprises the super material panel that is arranged on the feed rear, described super material panel comprises core layer and is arranged on the reflecting plate of core layer one side surface, described core layer comprises at least one core layer lamella, described core layer lamella comprises the base material of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of artificial pore structure on the base material, described core layer lamella can be divided into the border circular areas that is positioned at the centre position according to refraction index profile and be distributed in around the border circular areas and with a plurality of annular regions of the concyclic heart of described border circular areas, the refractive index at same radius place is identical in described border circular areas and the annular region, and the increase refractive index along with radius in border circular areas and annular region zone separately reduces gradually, the minimum value of the refractive index of described border circular areas is less than the maximum of the refractive index of the annular region that is adjacent, adjacent two annular regions are in the minimum value of refractive index of inboard annular region less than the maximum of the refractive index of the annular region that is in the outside.

Further, described core layer comprises the core layer lamella that a plurality of refraction index profile are identical and be parallel to each other.

Further, described super material panel also comprises the matching layer that is arranged on the core layer opposite side, to realize the index matching from the air to the core layer.

Further, the described center of circle is the center of core layer lamella, and the variations in refractive index scope of described border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions is identical, and the refractive index n of described core layer lamella (r) distributes and satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l-\mathrm{k\λ}}{2d};$

Wherein, radius is the refractive index value at r place on n (r) the expression core layer lamella;

L is the distance that feed arrives the matching layer close with it, or l is the distance that feed arrives core layer;

D is the thickness of core layer, $d=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}}{2(n_{\max }-n_{\min })};$

n _MaxRefractive index maximum on the expression core layer lamella;

n _MinRefractive index minimum value on the expression core layer lamella;

$k=\mathrm{floor}\left(\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l}{\mathrm{\λ}}\right),$ Floor represents downward round numbers.

Further, described matching layer comprises a plurality of matching layer lamellas, and each matching layer lamella has single refractive index, and the refractive index of a plurality of matching layer lamellas of described matching layer all satisfies following formula:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}};$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of matching layer, and i represents the numbering of matching layer lamella, wherein, and near the m that is numbered of the matching layer lamella of core layer.

Further, described each matching layer lamella comprises first substrate and the second substrate that material is identical, fills air between described first substrate and the second substrate.

Further, the a plurality of artificial pore structure shape of each core layer lamella of described core layer is identical, be filled with refractive index greater than the medium of base material in described a plurality of artificial pore structure, the a plurality of artificial pore structure at same radius place has identical volume in described border circular areas and the annular region, and the volume along with the artificial pore structure of increase of radius in border circular areas and annular region zone separately reduces gradually, the volume of the artificial pore structure of described border circular areas inner volume minimum is less than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume maximum that is adjacent, adjacent two annular regions are in the volume of artificial pore structure of inboard annular region inner volume minimum less than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume maximum that is in the outside.

Further, the a plurality of artificial pore structure shape of each core layer lamella of described core layer is identical, be filled with refractive index less than the medium of base material in described a plurality of artificial pore structure, the a plurality of artificial pore structure at same radius place has identical volume in described border circular areas and the annular region, and the volume along with the artificial pore structure of increase of radius in border circular areas and annular region zone separately increases gradually, the volume of the artificial pore structure of described border circular areas inner volume maximum is greater than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume minimum that is adjacent, adjacent two annular regions are in the volume of artificial pore structure of inboard annular region inner volume maximum greater than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume minimum that is in the outside.

Further, described artificial pore structure is cylindrical hole.

According to feed forward type satellite tv antenna of the present invention, replaced traditional parabolic antenna by the super material panel of sheet, to make processing and be more prone to, cost is cheaper.

The present invention also provides a kind of satellite television receiving system, comprises feed, tuner and satellite receiver, and described satellite television receiving system also comprises above-mentioned feed forward type satellite tv antenna, and described feed forward type satellite tv antenna is arranged on the rear of feed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of feed forward type satellite tv antenna of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the super material cell of a kind of form of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the refraction index profile schematic diagram of core layer lamella of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the core layer of a kind of form of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the core layer of another kind of form of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of matching layer of the present invention.

Embodiment

Extremely shown in Figure 6 such as Fig. 1, the feed forward type satellite tv antenna comprises the super material panel 100 that is arranged on feed 1 rear according to the present invention, described super material panel 100 comprises core layer 10 and is arranged on the reflecting plate 200 of core layer 10 1 side surfaces, described core layer 10 comprises at least one core layer lamella 11, described core layer lamella comprises the base material 13 of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of artificial pore structure 12 on the base material 13, described core layer lamella 11 can be divided into the border circular areas Y that is arranged in the centre position according to refraction index profile and be distributed in around the border circular areas Y and (figure uses respectively H1 with a plurality of annular regions of the concyclic heart of described border circular areas, H2, H3, H4, H5 represents), the refractive index at same radius place is identical in described border circular areas Y and the annular region, and the increase refractive index along with radius in border circular areas and annular region zone separately reduces gradually, the minimum value of the refractive index of described border circular areas is less than the maximum of the refractive index of the annular region that is adjacent, adjacent two annular regions are in the minimum value of refractive index of inboard annular region less than the maximum of the refractive index of the annular region that is in the outside.Core layer lamella 11 is divided into border circular areas according to refractive index and a plurality of annular region is for better description the present invention, and does not mean that core layer lamella 11 of the present invention has this kind practical structures.Among the present invention, feed 1 is arranged on the axis of super material panel, and namely feed overlaps with the axis of super material panel with the line at the center of core layer lamella 11.Feed 1 all has stent support with super material panel 100, and among the figure and not shown support, it is not core of the present invention, adopts traditional supporting way to get final product.Feed is preferably horn antenna in addition.Annular had herein both comprised annular region complete among Fig. 3, also comprised incomplete annular region among Fig. 3.Core layer lamella 11 among the figure is square, and certainly, also can be other shape, and is for example cylindrical, when its when being cylindrical, all annular regions can be complete annular regions.In addition, among Fig. 3, also can not have annular region H4 and H5, the H4 of this moment and H5 can be uniform refraction index profile (being on the position of H4 and H5 artificial pore structure not to be set).In addition, reflecting plate is the metallic reflection plate with smooth surface, such as copper coin, aluminium sheet or the iron plate etc. that can be polishing.

Such as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 5, described core layer 10 comprises the core layer lamella 11 that a plurality of refraction index profile are identical and be parallel to each other.A plurality of core layer lamellas 11 fit tightly, each other can be bonding by double faced adhesive tape, perhaps be fixedly connected with by bolt etc.Between two adjacent core layer lamellas 11 interval can also be arranged in addition, fill air or other medium in the interval, to improve the performance of core layer.The base material 13 of each core layer lamella 11 can be divided into a plurality of identical base material unit V, be provided with artificial pore structure 12 on each base material unit V, the artificial pore structure 12 that each base material unit V is corresponding with it consists of a super material cell D, and each core layer lamella 11 only has a super material cell D at thickness direction.Each base material cells D can be identical square, it can be cube, also cuboid, the length volume of each base material unit V is not more than 1/5th (are generally incident electromagnetic wave wavelength 1/10th) of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, so that whole core layer has continuous electric field and/or magnetic responsiveness to electromagnetic wave.Under the preferable case, described base material unit V is that the length of side is the cube of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength 1/10th.

Known refractive index Wherein μ is relative permeability, and ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε are collectively referred to as electromagnetic parameter.Experiment showed, when electromagnetic wave passes through refractive index dielectric material heterogeneous, can be to the large direction deviation of refractive index (to the large super material cell deviation of refractive index).Therefore, core layer of the present invention has the effect of converging to electromagnetic wave, the electromagnetic wave that satellite sends is at first by converging effect the first time of core layer, through baffle reflection, again by converging effect the second time of core layer, therefore, the refraction index profile of appropriate design core layer, can be so that the electromagnetic wave that satellite sends be successively through converging for the first time, after baffle reflection and second converges, can converging on the feed.In the selected situation of the material of the material of base material and filled media, the electromagnetic parameter that can obtain super material internal by shape, volume and/or artificial pore structure the arranging on base material of designer's pore-creating structure distributes, thereby designs the refractive index of each super material cell.At first calculate the electromagnetic parameter spatial distribution (being the electromagnetic parameter of each super material cell) of excess of export material internal from the needed effect of super material, select the shape of the artificial pore structure on each super material cell according to the spatial distribution of electromagnetic parameter, volume (having deposited in advance various human pore-creating structured data in the computer), design to each super material cell can be used the method for exhaustion, for example select first the artificial pore structure with given shape, calculate electromagnetic parameter, with the result who obtains and the contrast that we want, circulation repeatedly, till the electromagnetic parameter that finds us to want, if found, then finished the design parameter of artificial pore structure and selected; If do not find, then change a kind of artificial pore structure of shape, the circulation above repeating is till the electromagnetic parameter that finds us to want.If still do not find, then said process can not stop yet.That is to say the artificial pore structure of the electromagnetic parameter that has only found our needs, program just can stop.Because this process is all finished by computer, therefore, seem complicated, in fact can finish soon.

Among the present invention, the base material of described core layer is made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material etc.Macromolecular material is available polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin, F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material etc.For example, the electrical insulating property of polytetrafluoroethylene is very good, therefore can not produce electromagnetic electric field and disturb, and have good chemical stability, corrosion resistance, long service life.

Among the present invention, described artificial pore structure can be formed on the base material by the mode of high temperature sintering, injection moulding, punching press or numerical control punching.Certainly for the base material of different materials, the generating mode of artificial pore structure also can be different, for example, when selecting ceramic material as base material, preferably adopts the form of high temperature sintering to generate artificial pore structure at base material.When selecting macromolecular material as base material, for example polytetrafluoroethylene, epoxy resin then preferably adopt the form of injection moulding or punching press to generate artificial pore structure at base material.

Described artificial pore structure of the present invention can be cylindrical hole, conical bore, round platform hole, trapezoidal hole square opening is a kind of or the combination.It can certainly be the hole of other form.The shape of the artificial pore structure on each super material cell D can be identical according to different needs, also can be different.Certainly, in order to be more prone to processing and manufacturing, whole super material under the preferable case, adopts the hole of same shape.

As shown in Figure 1, be the structural representation of the super material panel of first embodiment of the invention, in the present embodiment, described super material panel also comprises the matching layer 20 that is arranged on the core layer opposite side, to realize from the air to the core layer 10 index matching.We know, the refractive index between the medium differs larger, when then electromagnetic wave incides another medium from a medium, reflect greatlyr, and reflection is large, means the loss of energy, at this time just needs the coupling of refractive index, known refractive index

Wherein μ is relative permeability, and ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε are collectively referred to as electromagnetic parameter.We know that the refractive index of air is 1, therefore, design like this matching layer, and namely refractive index and the air of a side of close air are basic identical, and the core layer lamella refractive index that the refractive index of a side of close core layer is joined with it is basic identical.Like this, just realized the index matching from the air to the core layer, reduced reflection, i.e. energy loss can reduce greatly, like this electromagnetic wave can transmit farther.

In the present embodiment, such as Fig. 1 and shown in Figure 3, the center of circle of described border circular areas Y is the center O of core layer lamella 11, and the variations in refractive index scope of described border circular areas Y and a plurality of annular regions is identical, and the refractive index n of described core layer lamella 11 (r) distributes and satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l-\mathrm{k\λ}}{2d}---\left(1\right);$

Wherein, radius is the refractive index value at r place on n (r) the expression core layer lamella; Also be that radius is the refractive index of the super material cell of r on the core layer lamella; The radius mid point that refers to each base material unit V is to the distance of the center O (center of circle) of core layer lamella herein, and the mid point of base material unit V herein refers to the mid point on base material unit V and the conplane surface of mid point O.

L is that feed 1 is to the distance of the matching layer 20 close with it;

D is the thickness of core layer, $d=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}}{2(n_{\max }-n_{\min })}---\left(2\right);$

n _MaxRefractive index maximum on the expression core layer lamella 11;

n _MinRefractive index minimum value on the expression core layer lamella 11; The variations in refractive index scope of described border circular areas Y and a plurality of annular regions is identical, refers to border circular areas Y, and a plurality of annular region refractive indexes all are from inside to outside by n _MaxBe reduced to continuously n _MinAs an example, n _MaxCan value 6, n _MinValue 1, that is, and border circular areas Y, and a plurality of annular region refractive indexes all are to be reduced to continuously 1 by 6 from inside to outside.

Floor represents downward round numbers; K can be used for representing the numbering of border circular areas and annular region, works as k=0, and the expression border circular areas when k=1, represents first annular region adjacent with border circular areas; When k=2, represent second annular region that first annular region is adjacent; By that analogy.What annular regions are the maximum that is r determined to have.(normally 1/10th of the incident electromagnetic wave wavelength) that the thickness of each core layer lamella is normally certain, like this, in the situation that core layer shape selected (can be cylindrical or square), the size of core layer lamella just can be determined.

By formula (1), formula (2), the determined core layer 10 of formula (3), can guarantee that the electromagnetic wave that satellite sends converges to the feed place.This perhaps utilizes optical principle can obtain (namely utilizing equivalent optical path to calculate) by computer simulation emulation.

In the present embodiment, the thickness of core layer lamella 11 is certain, usually below 1/5th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength X, and preferably 1/10th of the incident electromagnetic wave wavelength X.Like this, when design, if selected the number of plies of core layer lamella 11, then the thickness d of core layer has just been determined, therefore, and for the feed forward type satellite tv antenna (wavelength is different) of different frequency, we know by formula (2), by appropriate design (n _Max-n _Min) value, just can obtain arbitrarily the feed forward type satellite tv antenna of the frequency that we want.For example, C-band and Ku wave band.The frequency range of C-band is 3400MHz～4200MHz.Frequency 10.7～the 12.75GHz of Ku wave band wherein can be divided into the frequency ranges such as 10.7～11.7GHz, 11.7～12.2GHz, 12.2～12.75GHz.

As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, described matching layer 20 comprises a plurality of matching layer lamellas 21, and each matching layer lamella 21 has single refractive index, and the refractive index of a plurality of matching layer lamellas of described matching layer all satisfies following formula:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}}---\left(4\right);$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of matching layer, and i represents the numbering of matching layer lamella, wherein, and near the m that is numbered of the matching layer lamella of core layer.We can find out from formula (4), the largest refractive index n of the setting of matching layer (total number of stories m) and core layer _MaxWith minimum refractive index n _MinDirect relation is arranged; When i=1, represent the 1st layer refractive index, because it will equal the refractive index 1 of air substantially, therefore, as long as n _MaxWith n _MinDetermine, then can determine total number of stories m.

Matching layer 20 can be to be made by a plurality of materials with single refractive index that occurring in nature exists, also use matching layer as shown in Figure 6, it comprises a plurality of matching layer lamellas 21, each matching layer lamella 21 comprises material identical first substrate 22 and second substrate 23, fills air between described first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22.The ratio of the volume by the control volume of air and matching layer lamella 21, can realize the variation of refractive index from 1 (refractive index of air) to the refractive index of first substrate, thereby refractive index that can each matching layer lamella of appropriate design realizes the index matching from the air to the core layer.

Fig. 4 is a kind of core layer 10 of form, a plurality of artificial pore structure 12 shapes of each core layer lamella 11 of described core layer are identical, it is cylindrical hole among the figure, and the mid point of corresponding base material unit V is passed in the axis of each cylindrical hole, be filled with refractive index greater than the medium of base material 13 in described a plurality of artificial pore structure, the a plurality of artificial pore structure at same radius place has identical volume in described border circular areas and the annular region, and the volume along with the artificial pore structure 12 of the increase of radius in border circular areas and annular region zone separately reduces gradually, the volume of the artificial pore structure of described border circular areas inner volume minimum is less than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume maximum that is adjacent, adjacent two annular regions are in the volume of artificial pore structure of inboard annular region inner volume minimum less than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume maximum that is in the outside.Owing to being filled with refractive index greater than the medium of base material 13 in the artificial pore structure 12, therefore artificial pore structure volume is larger, and the medium of then filling is more, and its corresponding refractive index is larger, therefore, can realize the by formula distribution of (1) of refraction index profile of core layer lamella by this mode.

Fig. 5 is the core layer 10 of another kind of form, a plurality of artificial pore structure 12 shapes of each core layer lamella 11 of described core layer are identical, be filled with refractive index less than the medium of base material 13 in described a plurality of artificial pore structure 12, the a plurality of artificial pore structure at same radius place has identical volume in described border circular areas and the annular region, and the volume along with the artificial pore structure of increase of radius in border circular areas and annular region zone separately increases gradually, the volume of the artificial pore structure of described border circular areas inner volume maximum is greater than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume minimum that is adjacent, adjacent two annular regions are in the volume of artificial pore structure of inboard annular region inner volume maximum greater than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume minimum that is in the outside.Owing to being filled with refractive index less than the medium of base material in the artificial pore structure 12, therefore artificial pore structure volume is larger, and the medium of then filling is more, and its corresponding refractive index is on the contrary less, therefore, also can realize the by formula distribution of (1) of refraction index profile of core layer lamella by this mode.

Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are from the appearance identical, refraction index profile is also identical, just it realizes the mode different (filled media is different) of above-mentioned refraction index profile, core layer 10 among Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is four layers structure, here just schematically, according to different needs (different incident electromagnetic waves), and different designs needs, the different numbers of plies can be arranged.

Certainly, core layer lamella 11 is not limited to above-mentioned two kinds of forms, for example, everyone pore-creating structure can be divided into the identical cell orifice of several volumes, and the quantity by the cell orifice on each base material unit V controls the volume of the artificial pore structure on each super material cell D also can realize identical purpose.Again for example, core layer lamella 11 can be following form, that is, all artificial pore structure volume of same core layer lamella is identical, but the refractive index of the medium of its filling is corresponding to formula (1).

The present invention also has the second embodiment, and the difference of the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the l in refractive index n (r) distribution formula of core layer lamella 11 represents that feed is to the distance (l represents that feed arrives the distance of the matching layer close with it among the first embodiment) of core layer.

In addition, the present invention also provides the present invention that a kind of satellite television receiving system also is provided, comprise feed, tuner and satellite receiver, described satellite television receiving system also comprises above-mentioned feed forward type satellite tv antenna, and described feed forward type satellite tv antenna is arranged on the rear of feed.

Feed, tuner and satellite receiver are existing technology, no longer state herein.

The above is described embodiments of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not breaking away from the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. feed forward type satellite tv antenna, it is characterized in that, described feed forward type satellite tv antenna comprises the super material panel that is arranged on the feed rear, described super material panel comprises core layer and is arranged on the reflecting plate of core layer one side surface, described core layer comprises at least one core layer lamella, described core layer lamella comprises the base material of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of artificial pore structure on the base material, described core layer lamella can be divided into the border circular areas that is positioned at the centre position according to refraction index profile and be distributed in around the border circular areas and with a plurality of annular regions of the concyclic heart of described border circular areas, the refractive index at same radius place is identical in described border circular areas and the annular region, and the increase refractive index along with radius in border circular areas and annular region zone separately reduces gradually, the minimum value of the refractive index of described border circular areas is less than the maximum of the refractive index of the annular region that is adjacent, adjacent two annular regions are in the minimum value of refractive index of inboard annular region less than the maximum of the refractive index of the annular region that is in the outside.

2. feed forward type satellite tv antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described core layer comprises the core layer lamella that a plurality of refraction index profile are identical and be parallel to each other.

3. feed forward type satellite tv antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described super material panel also comprises the matching layer that is arranged on the core layer opposite side, to realize the index matching from the air to the core layer.

4. feed forward type satellite tv antenna according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the described center of circle is the center of core layer lamella, and the variations in refractive index scope of described border circular areas and a plurality of annular regions is identical, and the refractive index n of described core layer lamella (r) distributes and satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l-\mathrm{k\λ}}{2d};$

Wherein, radius is the refractive index value at r place on n (r) the expression core layer lamella;

L is the distance that feed arrives the matching layer close with it, or l is the distance that feed arrives core layer;

D is the thickness of core layer, $d=\frac{\mathrm{\λ}}{2(n_{\max }-n_{\min })};$

n _MaxRefractive index maximum on the expression core layer lamella;

n _MinRefractive index minimum value on the expression core layer lamella;

$k=\mathrm{floor}\left(\frac{\sqrt{l^2+r^2}-l}{\mathrm{\λ}}\right),$ Floor represents downward round numbers.

5. feed forward type satellite tv antenna according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described matching layer comprises a plurality of matching layer lamellas, and each matching layer lamella has single refractive index, and the refractive index of a plurality of matching layer lamellas of described matching layer all satisfies following formula:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}};$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of matching layer, and i represents the numbering of matching layer lamella, wherein, and near the m that is numbered of the matching layer lamella of core layer.

6. feed forward type satellite tv antenna according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described each matching layer lamella comprises first substrate and the second substrate that material is identical, fills air between described first substrate and the second substrate.

7. according to claim 2 to the described feed forward type satellite tv antenna of 6 any one, it is characterized in that, the a plurality of artificial pore structure shape of each core layer lamella of described core layer is identical, be filled with refractive index greater than the medium of base material in described a plurality of artificial pore structure, the a plurality of artificial pore structure at same radius place has identical volume in described border circular areas and the annular region, and the volume along with the artificial pore structure of increase of radius in border circular areas and annular region zone separately reduces gradually, the volume of the artificial pore structure of described border circular areas inner volume minimum is less than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume maximum that is adjacent, adjacent two annular regions are in the volume of artificial pore structure of inboard annular region inner volume minimum less than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume maximum that is in the outside.

8. according to claim 2 to the described feed forward type satellite tv antenna of 6 any one, it is characterized in that, the a plurality of artificial pore structure shape of each core layer lamella of described core layer is identical, be filled with refractive index less than the medium of base material in described a plurality of artificial pore structure, the a plurality of artificial pore structure at same radius place has identical volume in described border circular areas and the annular region, and the volume along with the artificial pore structure of increase of radius in border circular areas and annular region zone separately increases gradually, the volume of the artificial pore structure of described border circular areas inner volume maximum is greater than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume minimum that is adjacent, adjacent two annular regions are in the volume of artificial pore structure of inboard annular region inner volume maximum greater than the volume of the artificial pore structure of the annular region inner volume minimum that is in the outside.

9. feed forward type satellite tv antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described artificial pore structure is cylindrical hole.

10. satellite television receiving system, comprise feed, tuner and satellite receiver, it is characterized in that, described satellite television receiving system comprises that also described feed forward type satellite tv antenna is arranged on the rear of feed such as the described feed forward type satellite tv antenna of claim 1 to 9 any one.

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