CN102903779A - Optic coupler for non-tracking type solar concentrator cells and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Optic coupler for non-tracking type solar concentrator cells and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102903779A CN102903779A CN2012103524368A CN201210352436A CN102903779A CN 102903779 A CN102903779 A CN 102903779A CN 2012103524368 A CN2012103524368 A CN 2012103524368A CN 201210352436 A CN201210352436 A CN 201210352436A CN 102903779 A CN102903779 A CN 102903779A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention discloses an optic coupler for non-tracking type solar concentrator cells. A four-prism table with large incidence plane and small spotlight plane is used; an axial middle vertical plane has the maximum refractive index; two axial side surfaces have the minimum refractive index; the refractive index is decreased gradually from the axial middle vertical plane to the two axial side surfaces; and silver thin films cover four side surfaces of the optic coupler to serve as reflection surfaces. According to the optic coupler, the principle of deflecting from mediums with small refractive index to mediums with large refractive index by utilizing light rays is utilized, so that the incident light rays from various directions can well deflect and converge on the spotlight plane, the counterglow tracing systems in the traditional spotlight photovoltaic field are replaced and the system cost is effectively reduced; and the prism table with large incidence plane and small spotlight plane is used and the silver thin films are plated on the side surfaces, so that the incident light rays can converge on the spotlight plane to the greatest extent and irradiate on photovoltaic cells and then the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cells is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar concentrating photovoltaic field, especially be non-tracking-mode solar concentrating photovoltaic field, be particularly related to a kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery with optical coupler and preparation method thereof, substitute adopt in the existing Salar light-gathering technology to the day tracking system.
Background technology
Concentrating photovoltaic power generation be by adopt cheap condenser system with sunlight to the very little high-performance III-V compound semiconductor solar cell of area, thereby reduce significantly the solar cell material cost.This efficient solar cell needs lens or minute surface that the solar energy that receives is amplified hundreds and thousands of times, then the energy that amplifies is focused on thereon; The existing existing shortcoming of concentrating photovoltaic power generation technology is, need people in advance the illumination parameter of locality to be measured, usually adopt Fresnel Lenses as concentrator, this just requires incident ray is the purpose that the directional light vertical with concentrator could be realized convergence, in order to utilize more fully sunlight, light gathering photovoltaic power generating system must be aided with accurately to the day tracking means, keep concentrator surface to keep vertical with incident ray all the time, to day tracking means comprise that one dimension is followed the tracks of and two-dimensional tracking, need complicated Mechatronic control system, because concentrator cell sheet area is little, for reaching high concentration ratio, tracking accuracy requires usually ± 1
°, this has not only increased system weight and installation difficulty, and the design maintenance cost is higher, and tracking equipment and later maintenance cost occupy 70% cost nearly in the CPV system.This has greatly limited the photovoltaic generation effect, and becomes the Main Bottleneck of constraint condensation photovoltaic development.In order to solve this difficult problem, we need to explore a kind of without the tracing collection technology, do not need to adopt accurately to the day tracking means, when incident ray and concentrator surface out of plumb, also can well the incident ray of all directions be converged to a bit or reach in certain zonule the purpose of optically focused, realize cheaply high-effective concentration generating.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery with optical coupler and preparation method thereof, substitute tradition to the day tracking system, effectively reduce the cost of photovoltaic generating system.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is by the following technical solutions: a kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery optical coupler, described optical coupler be shaped as the truncated rectangular pyramids that upper bottom surface is large, bottom surface is little, wherein upper bottom surface is the plane of incidence, bottom surface is caustic surface, axial middle vertical plane refractive index is maximum, and two axial side refractive indexes are minimum, and refractive index is the gradient that reduces successively from axial middle vertical plane and distributes to axial two sides.
The Area Ratio of the described plane of incidence and caustic surface is (10～50): 1.
For the light that incides inwall being reflected better and converging at caustic surface, four sides of described optical coupler are covered with silver-colored film as reflecting surface.
A kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery preparation method of optical coupler comprises following basic step:
(a) choose the square leaded flint glass plate that thickness is identical, refractive index is different with density, according to the ascending order of density and refractive index stacked arrangement successively from top to bottom, form bottom glass plate density and refractive index maximum, top glass plate density and refractive index are minimum;
(b) glass plate that above-mentioned stacked arrangement is good is placed in the platinum mould and is heated to melting, and lead ion diffusion is between layers carried out in insulation, after finishing, diffusion naturally cools to room temperature, under the effect of gravity and glassy layer different densities, formation is along the lens of glass stack longitudinal refractive index distribution gradient, be called for short the axial gradient index lens, the end face refractive index of axial gradient index lens is minimum, and the bottom surface refractive index is maximum;
Because the effect of different densities is enough to overcome the convection current trend between the glassy layer between gravity and each glassy layer, and owing to the difference of lead concentration between each layer glass causes plumbous diffusion, finally be the gradient distribution of the axial formation refractive index of lamination along glassy layer thickness;
(c) be cut into vertically above-mentioned axial gradient index lens in parts two measure-alike lens, the bottom surface of two lens bonds together, form two-sided axial gradient index lens, middle bonding plane refractive index is maximum, and refractive index is the gradient that reduces successively from middle bonding plane and distributes to axial both sides;
(d) edge of above-mentioned two-sided axial gradient index lens is cut and polish processing, form the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped optical coupler that the top plane of incidence is large, the bottom caustic surface is little, by magnetron sputtering technique, plate one deck silver film in four sides of optical coupler as reflecting surface.
The structural formula of the described square leaded flint glass plate of step (a) is R
2O-Pb-SiO
2, R is alkali metal, and wherein glass refraction, density rise with the increase of lead content, and the ranges of indices of refraction of square leaded flint glass plate is 1.5～1.9, and density range is 2.7～4.9g/cm
3, thickness is 0.5～3mm, cross-sectional area is 30 * 30～60 * 60mm
2
The temperature that the described glass plate of step (b) is heated to melting is 600～720 ℃, and lead ion diffusion time is 50～100 hours;
The used bonding agent of step (c) described two axial gradient index lens bottom surfaces bonding is optical cement, its refractive index and bottom surface refractive index differ ± 0.05 in, to reach the purpose of index matching.
The thickness of four sides of the described optical coupler of step (d) silver film is 0.5～5mm.
The square flint glass of the present invention by some layers being had different refractivity and density according to the ascending order of density and refractive index successively with these glass plate stacked arrangement, and with density and refractive index little place density large and on refractive index is large, then in the platinum mould, be heated to melting, by lead ion diffusion between layers, form the refractive index that gradient distributes, the gradient-index lens of making is cut in half vertically, along the high index of refraction face two lens are bonded in one, form two-sided axial gradient index lens, utilize light by the principle of the little medium of refractive index to the large medium deflection of refractive index, realization can both converge to the larger position, lens centre of refractive index preferably to the sunlight of all directions incident, and the surface of being coupled to solar battery sheet, reach the effect of desirable concentrating to generate power, substitute traditionally to the day tracking means, effectively reduce system cost.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(a) optical coupler of the present invention utilizes light by the principle of the little medium of refractive index to the large medium deflection of refractive index, to the preferably deflection of incident ray of all directions and converge at caustic surface, substitute traditional condensation photovoltaic field to the day tracking system, effectively reduce system cost;
(b) because optical coupler adopts the terrace with edge shape that the incident area is large, collection area is little, and the side is coated with the silver-colored film of reflection ray, can make incident ray farthest converge at caustic surface, and be radiated on the photovoltaic cell, improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of battery.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of optical coupler of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the two-sided axial gradient index optical coupler of preparation;
Fig. 3 is the variation diagram of two-sided axial gradient index optical coupler refractive index with horizontal (axially);
Fig. 4 is two-sided axial gradient index optical coupler spotlight effect figure;
Fig. 5 is the ray trajectory graphics.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
A kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery optical coupler provided by the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, optical coupler to be shaped as upper bottom surface large, the truncated rectangular pyramids that bottom surface is little, wherein upper bottom surface is the plane of incidence 1, bottom surface is caustic surface 2, the Area Ratio of the plane of incidence and caustic surface is (10～50): 1, axial middle vertical plane refractive index is maximum, two axial side refractive indexes are minimum, refractive index is the gradient that reduces successively from axial middle vertical plane and distributes to axial two sides, for the light that incides inwall being reflected better and converging at caustic surface, four sides of optical coupler are covered with silver-colored film as reflecting surface 3.
The preparation method comprises following basic step:
1, choose 6 of the square flint glass sheets that thickness is 2mm, the sheet glass sectional area is 50 * 50mm
2, refractive index is respectively 1.50,1.58,1.66,1.74,1.82,1.90; Density is respectively 3.01,3.25,3.64,4.07,4.30,4.82g/cm
3, shown in Fig. 2-(1), 6 layers of sheet glass is according to refractive index stacked arrangement from top to bottom from low to high, and the sheet glass that wherein refractive index is little is placed on the large sheet glass of refractive index, and namely the refractive index of bottom sheet glass is 1.90, and density is 4.82 g/cm
3, the refractive index of top layer sheet glass is 1.50, density is 3.01 g/cm
3
2, the sheet glass that above-mentioned lamination is sequenced is placed in the platinum mould, and the platinum die size is 50 * 50 * 20mm
3, be heated to 700 ℃ of meltings, and be incubated 80 hours to carry out lead ion diffusion between layers, then naturally cool to room temperature, along glassy layer thickness namely axially, form the lens that refractive index gradient distributes, the end face refractive index is minimum, and the bottom surface refractive index is maximum;
3, shown in Fig. 2-(2), the above-mentioned gradient-index lens that fuses into one is cut into two identical small pieces vertically, namely two small pieces all are that the top refractive index is minimum, the bottom is maximum; Then with the one side of two gradient-index lens along the refractive index maximum, be that original bottom surface bonds together, form two-sided axial gradient index lens, shown in Fig. 2-(3), the former bottom surface that wherein bonds together is the middle vertical plane of this index of refraction in lens maximum, reduce successively to axial two side refractive indexes, the refractive index of the two-sided gradient-index lens that is bonded as one distributes as shown in Figure 3 with lateral attitude (axially); Wherein bonding agent is optical adhesive, and its refractive index and bottom approach, and are 1.90, to reach preferably index matching; The structure that the middle refractive index that so forms is large, the both sides refractive index is little, can realize incident ray by little refractive index zone to the zone deflection of large refractive index, even different incidence angles, light is propagated through the top plane of incidence, can deflect into the large regional extent of middle refractive index, by the control to lens thickness, make the convergence of rays that deflects into the large zone of middle refractive index in caustic surface.
4, at last with formed two-sided gradient-index lens edge cuts and polish, form the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped concentrator cell optical coupler that the top plane of incidence is large, the bottom caustic surface is little, wherein topside area is 24 * 24mm
2, bottom area is 5 * 5mm
2, adopt silver-colored film that magnetron sputtering technique plates a layer thickness 2mm in four sides of optical coupler as reflecting surface, the light that incides inwall is reflected better and converge at caustic surface, shown in Fig. 2-(4).Two-sided axial gradient index optical coupler spotlight effect as shown in Figure 4.
As shown in Figure 5, there is caustic surface to be bonded as one by optical cement III-V compound semiconductor light volt battery (such as GaAs) and above-mentioned optical coupler, optical cement transmitance 90%, refractive index is 1.90, be applied to non-tracking-mode solar concentrating cell power generation field, can realize the spotlight effect about 400 times.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction; Any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope situation, all can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement that technical solution of the present invention is made many possible changes and modification, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification of above embodiment being done according to technical spirit of the present invention, be equal to replacements, equivalence changes and modify, all still belong in the scope that technical solution of the present invention protects.
Claims (8)
1. non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery optical coupler, it is characterized in that: described optical coupler be shaped as the truncated rectangular pyramids that upper bottom surface is large, bottom surface is little, wherein upper bottom surface is the plane of incidence, bottom surface is caustic surface, axial middle vertical plane refractive index is maximum, two axial side refractive indexes are minimum, and refractive index is the gradient that reduces successively from axial middle vertical plane and distributes to axial two sides.
2. a kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery optical coupler according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the Area Ratio of the described plane of incidence and caustic surface is (10～50): 1.
3. a kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery optical coupler according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: four sides of described optical coupler are covered with silver-colored film as reflecting surface.
4. a claim 1,2 or 3 described non-tracking-mode solar concentrating batteries is characterized in that with the preparation method of optical couplers, comprise following basic step:
(a) choose the square leaded flint glass plate that thickness is identical, refractive index is different with density, according to the ascending order of density and refractive index stacked arrangement successively from top to bottom, form bottom glass plate density and refractive index maximum, top glass plate density and refractive index are minimum;
(b) glass plate that above-mentioned stacked arrangement is good is placed in the platinum mould and is heated to melting, and lead ion diffusion is between layers carried out in insulation, after finishing, diffusion naturally cools to room temperature, under the effect of gravity and glassy layer different densities, formation is along the lens of glass stack longitudinal refractive index distribution gradient, be called for short the axial gradient index lens, the end face refractive index of axial gradient index lens is minimum, and the bottom surface refractive index is maximum;
(c) be cut into vertically above-mentioned axial gradient index lens in parts two measure-alike lens, the bottom surface of two lens bonds together, form two-sided axial gradient index lens, middle bonding plane refractive index is maximum, and refractive index is the gradient that reduces successively from middle bonding plane and distributes to axial both sides;
(d) edge of above-mentioned two-sided axial gradient index lens is cut and polish processing, form the quadrangular frustum pyramid shaped optical coupler that the top plane of incidence is large, the bottom caustic surface is little, by magnetron sputtering technique, plate one deck silver film in four sides of optical coupler as reflecting surface.
5. described a kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery is characterized in that with the preparation method of optical coupler according to claim 4, and the ranges of indices of refraction of described square leaded flint glass plate is 1.5～1.9, and density range is 2.7～4.9g/cm
3, thickness is 0.5～3mm, cross-sectional area is 30 * 30～60 * 60mm
2
6. a kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery according to claim 4 is characterized in that with the preparation method of optical coupler, and the temperature that the described glass plate of step (b) is heated to melting is 600～720 ℃, and lead ion diffusion time is 50～100 hours.
7. a kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery according to claim 4 is with the preparation method of optical coupler, it is characterized in that, the used bonding agent of step (c) described two axial gradient index lens bottom surfaces bonding is optical cement, its refractive index and bottom surface refractive index differ ± 0.05 in.
8. a kind of non-tracking-mode solar concentrating battery according to claim 4 is characterized in that with the preparation method of optical coupler, and the thickness of four sides of described optical coupler silver film is 0.5～5mm.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104300894A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-01-21 | 中国建材国际工程集团有限公司 | Light guide element for non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic system |
| CN106300621A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽鼎晖新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of multiaspect complex type solar charger |
| CN106920861A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-07-04 | 陈虹颖 | High-power light-gathering device of solar cell |
| CN107178914A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-19 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of free of sun tracking energy beam condensing unit |
| CN112097405A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Static large-angle solar energy collecting system |
| CN116072754A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-05-05 | 广东联塑班皓新能源科技集团有限公司 | Intelligent assembly system for photovoltaic module manufacturing process |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5936777A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1999-08-10 | Lightpath Technologies, Inc. | Axially-graded index-based couplers for solar concentrators |
| US20010006066A1 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2001-07-05 | Matthew Cherney | Solar energy systems and related hardware |
| CN101388418A (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2009-03-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Portable non-track type non-image forming solar condensing device |
-
2012
- 2012-09-21 CN CN2012103524368A patent/CN102903779A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5936777A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1999-08-10 | Lightpath Technologies, Inc. | Axially-graded index-based couplers for solar concentrators |
| US20010006066A1 (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2001-07-05 | Matthew Cherney | Solar energy systems and related hardware |
| CN101388418A (en) * | 2008-10-22 | 2009-03-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Portable non-track type non-image forming solar condensing device |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104300894A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-01-21 | 中国建材国际工程集团有限公司 | Light guide element for non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic system |
| CN106920861A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2017-07-04 | 陈虹颖 | High-power light-gathering device of solar cell |
| CN106300621A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-01-04 | 安徽鼎晖新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of multiaspect complex type solar charger |
| CN107178914A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-09-19 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of free of sun tracking energy beam condensing unit |
| CN112097405A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Static large-angle solar energy collecting system |
| CN116072754A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-05-05 | 广东联塑班皓新能源科技集团有限公司 | Intelligent assembly system for photovoltaic module manufacturing process |
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Application publication date: 20130130 |