CN102899556A - Production method for low-alloy medium-thick steel plate - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method for a low-alloy medium-thick steel plate. The process route comprises the following stages in turn: converter steelmaking, external refining, continuous casting, heating, rolling, and accelerated cooling. Steel comprises the following components by weight percent: 0.15-0.17% of C, 0.20-0.40% of Si, 0.55-0.65% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020% of P, less than or equal to 0.020% of S, 0.020-0.040% of Al, 0.014-0.016% of Nb, and less than or equal to 0.30% of CEV. The (P+F) micro-structural feature of the traditional Q345D steel plate is maintained by the steel plate; according to the design of the components of the steel plate, the Mn is reduced by 0.9%, no Ni is added and 0.015% of Nb is increased, so that the cost per ton of steel alloy is reduced; the Nb micro-alloying treatment is supplemented with TMCP (Thermo Mechanical Control Process) technology, so that the demand on the performance of the steel plate is met, the percentage elongation is increased by 2%-3% and the impact toughness is increased by about 90J; the CEV of the steel plate is reduced to below 0.30% and the welding property of the steel plate is greatly improved; and the measures, such as, the great reduction of the alloy, the eliminating of ladle furnace process route, the Direct Hot Charging Rolling (DHCR) of hot casting blank, and the like, are taken, so that the production cost of the steel plate is greatly lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steel-smelting technology, is a kind of production method of low-alloy steel plate.
Background technology
Q345D steel plate thickness specification is below 16mm, utilize modernized hot continuous rolling unit substantially can produce in enormous quantities and better economy, but the thickness specification is at the plate of moderate thickness of 16～60mm, the economy of its production is relatively poor, after particularly GB GB/T 1591-2008 promulgates, the Mn content lower limit of Q345D steel grade cancellation in the standard, steel mill can propose suitable composition and TMCP explained hereafter and go out qualified Q345D steel plate according to the processing unit working condition of self.
GB GB/T 1591-2008 has concrete requirement to chemical ingredients and the performance of 16～60mm specification Q345D steel plate of TMCP explained hereafter; The recommendation that China national Bureau of Technical Supervision promulgates is executed in the GB/T1591-94 low-alloy high-tensile structural steel standard of implementing January 1 nineteen ninety-five, and concrete requirement is also arranged.16～60mm specification Q345D steel plate internal control composition of TMCP explained hereafter requires to see Table 1 in the prior art.
The requirement of table 1 Q345D steel plate internal control composition
16～60mm specification Q345D steel plate technological process of production is generally in the prior art:
---------------heating---de-scaling---is rolling in the strand inspection for continuous casting for the LF stove for argon station Argon for converter smelting
---finishing---warehouse-in.
Q345D steel Mn content is higher, and the continuously cast bloom center segregation is serious.For guaranteeing the continuously cast bloom internal soundness, carry out external refining after the molten steel Argon, dark desulfurization is processed, to guarantee the internal soundness of strand.
Because the development trend of high-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA) is to reduce the content of carbon content and alloying element, if adopt the thermal mechanical rolling technology by the control to microtexture, can obtain more satisfactory tensile property and toughness.The theory of thermal mechanical rolling is to need not through the higher thermal treatment of cost, and obtains the product that performance is significantly improved.Thermal mechanical rolling refers to be rolled in specific temperature range, can obtain the inaccessiable material property of thermal treatment process, and the thermal mechanical rolling product has preferably tensile property, preferably low-temperature flexibility, preferably processability and welding property.
An important feature of alloying element is to cause dislocations strengthening to postpone the distortion of austenitic area by atom dissolving and the fine and close carboritride of formation.Niobium is the active element that enlarges austenite non-recrystallization district, and the austenite recrystallization final temperature can be brought up to 900～950 ° of C from 800～850 ° of C.
At the first rolling sequence (rough rolling step), the austenite of coarse grains constantly refinement behind distortion, Recovery and recrystallization after the heating.Recrystallize is limited to the effect of grain refining repeatedly, and crystal grain in the middle of only forming wants austenite perfect recrystallization, the roughing temperature must be brought up to 900～950 ° of C.
The finish rolling of the second rolling sequence occurs in austenite non-recrystallization district, and austenite crystal is elongated, and recrystal grain forms deformation bands, and the refinement ferrite that obtains after the phase transformation just has good tensile property and toughness.Finishing temperature and last deflection play a decisive role in thermal mechanical rolling, increase last the deflection fully smart grain of refinement and raising ductility transmition temperature.
Under controlled rolling, ferritic transformation begins the thickness that temperature (Ar3) depends on chemical ingredients, rolling parameter, rate of cooling and the product of steel grade.If the two-phase region of rolling finishing temperature below the Ar3 point, the ferrite crystal grain that forms so meeting hardening is although intensity has improved extension property and toughness extreme difference, the surface imperfection of meeting formation cracking and layering in the operation of rolling of back.
The thickness of middle temperature control plate blank is generally 2～4 times of finished product thickness, and this also depends on desired acquisition intensity and toughness.
Improve speed of cooling after the finish rolling, the tissue by after crystal grain thinning and stable the rolling can improve intensity and toughness.Accelerate cooling and can in the structural transformation scope, obtain unallowed low temperature in the operation of rolling, the crystal grain that higher speed of cooling can the refinement product with improve surface quality.
Only when the austenite structure that enters transformation was even refinement, ferritic-pearlitic tissue or bainite structure after product changes just had good intensity and toughness.Yet the austenite structure of alligatoring can be transformed into the microtexture of sclerosis, makes the toughness variation.Therefore, only have ACC and controlled rolling are combined, could the refine austenite tissue.
The main difference part of processing parameter is in the speed of cooling of forcing cooling and temperature range (beginning and termination cooling).The advantage of on-line cooling: the content that has reduced alloying element; Because carbon equivalent is low, has improved the weldability energy; Need not to increase alloying element, and improved intensity and toughness; Thermal mechanical rolling has improved output.
There is data to show, contains the violent steel of niobium 0.039 ﹪ low-alloy carbon: be dissolved in the content of niobium in the austenite, increase with the rising of temperature.When Coarsening Temperature is following, contains the niobium second phase particles and can effectively stop grain growth; When a little higher than Coarsening Temperature, thereby second phase particles loses the appearance that inhibition causes mixed crystal to a part of grain growth.The contriver is studied the C-Mn-Nb steel of niobium=0.020%～0.040% the separating out of Nb, solid solution content under the different heating temperature, the results are shown in Table 2.
The amount of separating out of Nb under the table 2 different heating temperature, solid solution capacity (%)
Test-results in the table shows: the Nb below 900 ℃ in the steel (C, N) amount is basic and original, and to roll attitude content suitable, and when temperature is higher than 900 ℃, with on a small quantity dissolving of temperature rising Nb (C, N) beginning, in a large number dissolving of Nb (C, N) beginning after surpassing 990 ℃ in the steel, Nb (C, N) fully solid solution enters in the steel.The C-Mn-Nb steel is in the time of 1150 ℃, and the Nb in the steel (C, N) precipitated phase has dissolved (about 95%) substantially, and solid solution enters in the steel.
Chinese patent application numbers 201110041266.7,201110041878.6,201110041280.7 201110041881.8 " a kind of production methods of coils of hot-rolled steel " disclose the production technology of Q345D, Q345D, Q345D, Q345E Low Alloy Steel Plate respectively.Relating to the steel plate thickness scope is the following coils of hot-rolled steel of 16mm, is different from the steel plate of uni-tension rolling.Its Composition Design such as table 3.
Table 3 prior art patent coil of strip Composition Design scope (%)
In sum, the major defect that the low-alloy plate of moderate thickness of TMCP explained hereafter exists in the prior art is: the low-alloy plate of moderate thickness Mn content of TMCP explained hereafter is high, the continuously cast bloom center segregation is serious, local delamination is arranged when rolling rear steel plate, the plate centre line segregation usually forms martensite or bainite structure, impacts defective; For guaranteeing continuous casting billet quality, molten steel must carry out external refining.Carry out desulfurization, adjustment temperature after advancing ladle furnace, improved production cost; High Mn content causes the steel plate carbon equivalent high, and welding property is poor; Each steel mill has been equipped with modern plate mill, and its ability can not be given full play to, and has wasted the resources of production.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of production method of low-alloy steel plate, particularly producing thickness is cheaply low-alloy Q345D steel plate production technique of 16～60mm, overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, satisfy the demand of manufacturing, realize theory energy-saving and cost-reducing, green iron and steel.Its characteristics reduce center segregation for reducing alloy content, improve performance uniformity; Reduce carbon equivalent, improve welding property; Use microalloying to carry out the TMCP explained hereafter, plate property satisfies the requirement of GB/T1591-2008, and more traditional production plate property increases substantially; Steel plate is organized as stable (P+F); Exempt the part operation and reduce alloy content, the continuously cast bloom direct hot charging reduces production costs.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of production method of low-alloy steel plate, operational path is: converter steelmaking → external refining → continuous casting → heating → rolling → acceleration cooling.
The moiety mass percent of steel is: C=0.15～0.17, Si=0.20～0.40, Mn=0.55～0.65, P≤0.020, S≤0.020, Al=0.020～0.040, Nb=0.014～0.016, CEV≤0.30.
Processing step is:
A, converter steelmaking: molten steel sulfur content S≤0.020%, temperature 〉=1250 ℃, molten iron must be taken off slag totally before entering converter; Converter terminal control C-T coordinates tapping, P≤0.020%, and S≤0.020%, the pushing off the slag tapping, slag is thick≤50mm, tapping time 4 ~ 7min, tapping 1/5 adds alloy, and tapping 2/5 adds alloy; Squeeze into the deoxidation of Al line after the tapping and be no less than 150～200m.
B, external refining: argon blowing time 〉=17min is processed at the Argon station, reinforced adjusting component and temperature; Ladle soft blow Ar time 〉=10min; The argon station is processed molten steel and is finished to press Als 〉=0.025% control.
C, continuous casting: 1526 ℃ of liquidus lines, 5～15 ℃ of middle bag superheating temperature controls; Plate strand production allusion quotation pulling rate was carried out during pulling speed of continuous casting adopted, and thickness of strand 300mm is produced in the stable state casting, the omnidistance protective casting of carrying out of continuous casting.
D, heating: slab adopts the high temperature direct heating, 1260 ± 20 ℃ of heating zones, and 1240 ± 20 ℃ of soaking zones, 1240 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of the heart section temperature of coming out of the stove, rate of heating 6～8min/cm, total time inside furnace is greater than 3h.
E, rolling: roughing adopts high temperature, depresses greatly, rolling technique at a slow speed, and the reduction schedule establishment is selected maximum reduction in pass by the ability of milling train, and maximum percentage pass reduction reaches more than 18%, 1150～1170 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 950～970 ℃ of finishing temperatures; Finish rolling accumulative total draft is greater than 60%, and last three percentage pass reductions are greater than 12%, 830～900 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 800～840 ℃ of finishing temperatures.
F, acceleration cooling: roll rear ACC cooling and select strong cold technique, open 800～820 ℃ of cold temperature, be cooled to 630～650 ℃ of air coolings.
The plate property actual achievement of producing by technique scheme such as table 4, table 5.
Table 4 steel plate stretching performance actual achievement
Table 5 steel plate-20 ℃ longitudinal impact property actual achievement
By table 4 and table 5 as can be known, the Q345D steel plate that this patent invention is produced meets the requirement of GB/T1591-2008 fully, and the CEV of steel plate is below 0.30%, and steel plate has good welding property.Yield strength, tensile strength have that larger surplus capacity, particularly unit elongation have improved 2%～3%, impelling strength has improved about 90J.
By carrying out submerged arc welding test to falling manganese Q345D plate, the result shows that falling manganese Q345D plate is input as in heat under the condition of 50kJ/cm and welds, and the tensile property of welding joint, bending property and impact property are good, can satisfy standard-required.
The technology of the present invention principle: the present invention possesses the microstructure characteristics of traditional Q 345D steel plate, is organized as F+P.Its know-why is that the mutagenesis of using the Nb microalloy treatment to be aided with the operation of rolling is separated out and rolled rear acceleration cooling, increases substantially intensity and the toughness of steel plate, satisfies behind the decrease alloy content steel plate to the requirement of intensity; The alloy content decrease significantly reduces the center segregation of strand, may for exempting that ladle furnace refining provides; The alloy content decrease, the while has also reduced the susceptibility of strand crackle, has reduced the generation of crackle, provides possibility for continuously cast bloom directly fills; The alloy content decrease drops to below 0.30% the CEV of steel plate, has greatly improved the welding property of steel plate; The hot-cast base directly fills the fuel consumption that (DHCR) reduced heating of plate blank; The measures such as direct shove charge of the removal of the decrease of alloy, ladle furnace operational path, hot-cast base have greatly reduced the production cost of steel plate.
Therefore, the present invention's a kind of low-cost and high-performance that used the TMCP explained hereafter, Q345D steel plate with good welds performance.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: steel plate has still kept (P+F) microstructure characteristic of traditional Q 345D steel plate; Mn reduces by 0.9% in the steel plate Composition Design, does not add Ni, has increased 0.015%Nb, has reduced ton Steel Alloy cost; The Nb microalloy treatment is aided with TMCP technique, has satisfied the requirement of plate property, and unit elongation has improved 2%～3%, impelling strength has improved about 90J; The CEV of steel plate drops to below 0.30%, has greatly improved the welding property of steel plate; The measures such as the direct shove charge (DHCR) of the removal of the decrease of alloy, ladle furnace operational path, hot-cast base have greatly reduced the production cost of steel plate.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the organization chart that patent of the present invention is produced continuously cast bloom low power and steel plate.
Embodiment
The production method of embodiment 1:Q345D steel plate.The composition mass percent design of steel sees Table 6.
Table 6 Q345D slab composition (%)
Production technique:
Molten steel sulfur content S≤0.020%, temperature 〉=1250 ℃, molten iron must be taken off slag totally before entering converter, and converter adds molten iron and steel scrap, and molten iron is 85%～95% to 5%～15%, C-T coordination tapping, P≤0.020%, S≤0.020% with the steel scrap proportioning; Strict pushing off the slag tapping, slag is thick≤50mm, tapping time 4 ~ 7min, tapping 1/5 adds alloy, and tapping 2/5 adds alloy; Squeeze into the Al line after the tapping and take off 190m oxygen, and the variation of looking Intake Quantity, terminal point C, molten steel oxidation is suitably adjusted.
Argon (whole process) time 20min is processed at the Argon station, reinforced adjusting component and temperature; The time 15min of the bright circle of ladle soft blow Ar(after adjusting component and the temperature≤200mm); The argon station is processed molten steel and is finished to press Als 〉=0.025% control;
1526 ℃ of this molten steel phase lines, 10 ℃ of middle bag superheating temperature controls; Plate strand production allusion quotation pulling rate was carried out during pulling speed of continuous casting adopted, the casting of strict implement stable state; Produce thickness of strand 300mm(casting machine and produce maximum ga(u)ge); The strict protective casting of the omnidistance implementation of continuous casting prevents molten steel secondary oxidation and nitrogen pick-up.
Slab adopts high temperature direct heating (DHCR), 800 ℃ of charging temperatures, 1270～1250 ℃ of heating zones; 1230～1250 ℃ of soaking zones; Rate of heating 7min/cm(adjusts according to the slab charging temperature), total time inside furnace is greater than 3h.
Roughing: adopt " high temperature, depress greatly, at a slow speed " rolling technique, the reduction schedule establishment is selected maximum reduction in pass by the ability of milling train, and maximum percentage pass reduction reaches 20%; 1150～1170 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 950～970 ℃ of finishing temperatures.
Finish rolling: the accumulative total draft is greater than 60%, and last three percentage pass reductions 15% are rolled into the 60mm Plate Steel; 830～850 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 800～810 ℃ of finishing temperatures
Roll rear ACC cooling and select strong cold technique, open 810 ℃ of cold temperature, be cooled to 630 ℃ of air coolings.
Roll into 60mm plate property check: yield strength 346MPa, tensile strength 527MPa, unit elongation 30%, clod wash is qualified ,-20 ℃ of average ballistic work 278J.
The production method of embodiment 2:Q345D steel plate.The composition mass percent design of steel sees Table 7.
Table 7 Q345D slab composition (%)
Molten steel sulfur content S≤0.020%, temperature 〉=1250 ℃, molten iron must be taken off slag totally before entering converter, and converter adds molten iron and steel scrap, and molten iron is 85%～95% to 5%～15%, C-T coordination tapping, P≤0.020%, S≤0.020% with the steel scrap proportioning; Strict pushing off the slag tapping, slag is thick≤50mm, tapping time 4 ~ 7min, tapping 1/5 adds alloy, and tapping 2/5 adds alloy; Squeeze into the Al line after the tapping and take off 170m oxygen, and the variation of looking Intake Quantity, terminal point C, molten steel oxidation is suitably adjusted.
Argon (whole process) time 18min is processed at the Argon station, reinforced adjusting component and temperature; The time 13min of the bright circle of ladle soft blow Ar(after adjusting component and the temperature≤200mm); The argon station is processed molten steel and is finished to press Als 〉=0.025% control;
1526 ℃ of this molten steel phase lines, 12 ℃ of middle bag superheating temperature controls; Plate strand production allusion quotation pulling rate was carried out during pulling speed of continuous casting adopted, the casting of strict implement stable state; Produce thickness of strand 300mm(casting machine and produce maximum ga(u)ge); The strict protective casting of the omnidistance implementation of continuous casting prevents molten steel secondary oxidation and nitrogen pick-up.
Slab adopts high temperature direct heating (DHCR), 750 ℃ of charging temperatures, 1250～1240 ℃ of heating zones; 1220～1230 ℃ of soaking zones; Rate of heating 7min/cm(adjusts according to the slab charging temperature), total time inside furnace is greater than 3h.
Roughing: adopt " high temperature, depress greatly, at a slow speed " rolling technique, the reduction schedule establishment is selected maximum reduction in pass by the ability of milling train, and maximum percentage pass reduction reaches 20%; 1150～1170 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 950～970 ℃ of finishing temperatures.
Finish rolling: the accumulative total draft is greater than 60%, and last three percentage pass reductions 22% are rolled into the 20mm Plate Steel; 850～860 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 820～830 ℃ of finishing temperatures
Roll rear ACC cooling and select strong cold technique, open 830 ℃ of cold temperature, be cooled to 650 ℃ of air coolings.
Roll into 20mm plate property check: yield strength 387Mpa, tensile strength 530MPa, unit elongation 29%, clod wash is qualified ,-20 ℃ of average ballistic work 292J.
Claims (1)
1. the production method of a low-alloy steel plate, operational path is: converter steelmaking → external refining → continuous casting → heating → rolling → acceleration cooling is characterized in that:
The composition mass percent of steel is: C=0.15～0.17, Si=0.20～0.40, Mn=0.55～0.65, P≤0.020, S≤0.020, Al=0.020～0.040, Nb=0.014～0.016, CEV≤0.30;
Processing step is:
A, converter steelmaking: molten steel sulfur content S≤0.020%, temperature 〉=1250 ℃, molten iron must be taken off slag totally before entering converter; Converter terminal control C-T coordinates tapping, P≤0.020%, and S≤0.020%, the pushing off the slag tapping, slag is thick≤50mm, tapping time 4 ~ 7min, tapping 1/5 adds alloy, and tapping 2/5 adds alloy; Squeeze into the deoxidation of Al line after the tapping and be no less than 150～200m;
B, external refining: argon blowing time 〉=17min is processed at the Argon station, reinforced adjusting component and temperature; Ladle soft blow Ar time 〉=10min; The argon station is processed molten steel and is finished to press Als 〉=0.025% control;
C, continuous casting: 1526 ℃ of liquidus lines, 5～15 ℃ of middle bag superheating temperature controls; Plate strand production allusion quotation pulling rate was carried out during pulling speed of continuous casting adopted, and thickness of strand 300mm is produced in the stable state casting, the omnidistance protective casting of carrying out of continuous casting;
D, heating: slab adopts the high temperature direct heating, 1260 ± 20 ℃ of heating zones, and 1240 ± 20 ℃ of soaking zones, 1240 ℃ ± 10 ℃ of the heart section temperature of coming out of the stove, rate of heating 6～8min/cm, total time inside furnace is greater than 3h;
E, rolling: roughing adopts high temperature, depresses greatly, rolling technique at a slow speed, and the reduction schedule establishment is selected maximum reduction in pass by the ability of milling train, and maximum percentage pass reduction reaches more than 18%, 1150～1170 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 950～970 ℃ of finishing temperatures; Finish rolling accumulative total draft is greater than 60%, and last three percentage pass reductions are greater than 12%, 830～900 ℃ of start rolling temperatures, 800～840 ℃ of finishing temperatures;
F, acceleration cooling: roll rear ACC cooling and select strong cold technique, open 800～820 ℃ of cold temperature, be cooled to 630～650 ℃ of air coolings.
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| CN104520463B (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2016-03-30 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Steel plate |
| CN111621716A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-09-04 | 河北普阳钢铁有限公司 | Nb-containing low alloy steel rolling process |
| CN111621716B (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2021-10-01 | 河北普阳钢铁有限公司 | Nb-containing low alloy steel rolling process |
| CN112267072A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-26 | 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 | Economical thin Q355B steel plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN116694993A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-09-05 | 邯郸钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Low-cost Q355D steel plate and production method thereof |
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