CN102897207B

CN102897207B - Four-wheeled vehicle steering swivel system

Info

Publication number: CN102897207B
Application number: CN201210419554.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈秀明; 沈文涛
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-10-18
Filing date: 2012-10-18
Publication date: 2015-10-07
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-18
Also published as: CN102897207A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of four-wheeled vehicle steering swivel system, existing four-wheeled vehicle is changed into front and back wheel by front-wheel steering or rear-axle steering can be turned to, and makes its bearing circle can control front-wheel and also can control trailing wheel.Controlling, in the constant driving device of steering unit for front wheels, to increase a set of driving device and control trailing wheel, in the driving device controlling trailing wheel, establish two gears, be equivalent to a forward gear, a backward gear, make trailing wheel under shift control, when rotating of steering wheel, with front crop rotation in the same way or rotate backward.

Description

Four-wheeled vehicle steering swivel system

Technical field

Chassis for four-wheel vehicle and the steering swivel system of machine manufacture manufacture and design.

Background technology

The four-wheeled vehicle that current various countries produce, front-wheel steering (as small passenger car), or rear-axle steering (as loader), such design make its four-wheeled vehicle turn time trailing wheel and front-wheel no longer rhythmic, in the center of circle inclined (car), or outwards partially (loader): driving technique requires high, and seem underaction.

Summary of the invention

H X (magnificent crab board) four-wheeled vehicle steering swivel system:

(1) H X (magnificent crab board) font word meaning is explained:

Font: H represents and can travel front and back, and X represents and can move left and right;

Word meaning: China: the abbreviation of China.Crab: the animal that can walk sidewards;

Font word meaning is added, and anticipates namely: can keep straight on, the Chinese crab can walked crosswise again.

(2). design plan:

Existing four-wheeled vehicle is changed into front and back wheel by front-wheel steering or rear-axle steering can turn to, makes its bearing circle can control front-wheel and also can control trailing wheel (being now illustrated for the vehicle of front-wheel steering):

One. trailing wheel is changed into can be turned to by not turned to, and front-wheel can turn much angle trailing wheels also can turn much angles.

Two. all steering unit for front wheels below bearing circle transmission shaft, trailing wheel all will possess.

Three. controlling in the constant driving device of steering unit for front wheels, increase a set of driving device and control trailing wheel, two gears are established in the driving device controlling trailing wheel, be equivalent to a forward gear, a backward gear, makes trailing wheel under shift control, when rotating of steering wheel, with front crop rotation in the same way or rotate backward, this steering swivel system comprises sprocket wheel, directed square frame, cross bore slide block on sprocket wheel on gear level, gear level adapter shaft, chain, eccentric shaft, eccentric shaft, directed square frame is fixed in frame, cross bore slide block, be enclosed within the axle on the universal-joint left side, cross bore slide block can move up and down in directed square frame, eccentric shaft, it is through cross bore slide block, again through the axis hole in directed square frame, screw hole is allowed then to tighten fillister head screw upward, load onto sprocket wheel, this sprocket wheel can do round ∠ 180 ° rotation, triconodont is driven to move up and down when rotating by cross bore slide block, bore tooth or second and bore tooth with first and coordinate, simultaneously by the 4th cone tooth of rear-wheel steering system, 5th cone tooth reaches trailing wheel and front crop rotation in the same way or counter-rotational gearshift object.

Four. shifting points: must before front-wheel trailing wheel all Vertical dimension time, gearshift could be realized, and start to end of shifting gears from gearshift, front and back wheel all will keep this state, gear level need be pulled left to gearshift groove from gear breach, then push away or draw gear level during gearshift, finally pull to gear breach to the right, just can complete gearshift, but due to the stop of tee T slide block, generally can not pull gear level left, when bearing circle left-right rotation, worm gear wheel is driven by worm screw, pinion rotation above it is driven by adapter shaft again by worm gear, then by gear driven band tooth bar dovetail slide block sway, only have when being with the oblong notches on tooth bar dovetail slide block to move to fit like a glove with the oblong plush copper on tee T slide block, and when the rotor in shifting points support pan falls into the recess into shifting points is recessed takes turns, gear level could be pulled left, while pulling gear level left, tee T slide block is moved to the left, rotor on strip dog upwards can be risen time mobile, now strip dog will hook the breach on arresting disc, its bearing circle can not be rotated, after gearshift, the Compress Spring in tee T slide block is by its pushed home to the right, and the rotor on strip dog is also retracted original position by the extension spring at this moment on strip dog, and strip dog leaves arresting disc, and bearing circle recovers to rotate.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is that steering swivel system assembly drowing and the gear level when the fillister head screw on eccentric shaft turns to ∠ 90 ° and first bore tooth, the second cone tooth, triconodont constitution diagram;

Fig. 2 is gear level before gearshift. eccentric shaft. and the first cone tooth, the second cone tooth, triconodont constitution diagram and triconodont and second bore the crossing angle line states figure that tooth first bores tooth;

Fig. 3 is gear level after gearshift. eccentric shaft. and the first cone tooth, the second cone tooth, triconodont constitution diagram;

Fig. 4 is constitution diagram after directed block diagram and eccentric shaft are installed;

Fig. 5 is cross bore slide block schematic diagram;

Fig. 6 is eccentric shaft schematic diagram;

Fig. 7 is sprocket wheel schematic diagram;

Fig. 8 for be expert at car bumper gear time, the front and back wheel constitution diagram as front-wheel left-hand rotation ∠ 30 °;

Fig. 9 is when moving car bumper gear, the front and back wheel constitution diagram as front-wheel left-hand rotation ∠ 30 °;

Figure 10 is the front and back wheel constitution diagram when shifting points position;

To be that the shifting points when shifting points is recessed take turns Figure 11, the rotor in shifting points support pan and shifting points support pan, tee T slide block and gear level constitution diagram;

Figure 12 is the tee T slide block in the time of gearshift when shifting points. strip dog. and arresting disc constitution diagram;

Figure 13 is shifting points support pan. strip dog assembling plan view;

Figure 14 is band tooth bar dovetail slide block five view;

Figure 15 is tee T slide block schematic diagram;

Figure 16 is that dovetail furrow is shifted gears main block of schematic diagram.

Detailed description of the invention

Reference numeral is; 1. gear level; 2-1 first bores tooth; 2-2 second bores tooth; 2-3 triconodont; 2-4 the 4th bores tooth; 2-5 the 5th bores tooth; 3. holding screw; 4. taper pin; 5. thrust baring; 6. hex screw; 7. riveting point; 8. directed square frame; 9. cross bore slide block; 10. eccentric shaft; Sprocket wheel on 11-1 gear level adapter shaft; Sprocket wheel on 11-2 eccentric shaft; 12. chains; 13. universal-joints; 14. straining pulleys; 15. strip dogs; 16. arresting discs; 17-1 gear 17-2 tooth bar; 18-1. worm gear, 18-2 worm screw; 19. adapter shafts; 20. rotors; 21 band tooth bar dovetail slide blocks; 22 T-shaped slide blocks; 23 dovetail furrows shift gears main piece; 24. shifting points support pans; 25. shifting points are recessed takes turns; 26. fillister head screws; 27. extension springs; 28. Compress Springs;

As shown in Fig. 1 to Figure 16:

1. spur bevel gear wheel (hereinafter referred to as cone tooth) first cone tooth 2-1 second bores tooth 2-2 the 5th cone tooth 2-5 is with number of teeth gear, and triconodont 2-3, the 4th cone tooth 2-4 are the even number of teeth gear of the same number of teeth; It is relative that first cone tooth 2-1 and second bores tooth 2-2 tooth top, vertical alignment.

2. directed square frame 8 is fixed in frame;

3. cross bore slide block 9 is enclosed within the axle on the universal-joint left side, can move up and down in directed square frame 8;

4. eccentric shaft 10 is through cross bore slide block, again through the axis hole in directed square frame 8, screw hole is allowed then to tighten fillister head screw upward, load onto the sprocket wheel 11-2 on eccentric shaft, round ∠ 180 ° rotation can be done, driving triconodont 2-3 to move up and down when rotating by cross bore slide block 9, reaching the object of gearshift.

5. the first cone tooth 2-1 and second bores the spacing of tooth 2-2:

1.. suppose triconodont 2-3 tooth root to be divided into 3 equal portions to the height of tooth top;

2.. eccentric shaft 10 rotational angle is ∠ 180 ° (being limited by the fillister head screw of two on directed square frame), when the fillister head screw on eccentric shaft 10 is in ∠ 0 ° of position, see Fig. 2, triconodont 2-3 and second bores tooth 2-2 and is engaged completely, bore tooth 2-1 depart from first, now when steering wheel rotation, counter-rotation will be made to rear wheel steering shaft with to front-wheel steering axle;

3.. when pulling gear level 1, when making fillister head screw on eccentric shaft 10 to ∠ 90 °, see Fig. 1, triconodont 2-3 and first bores tooth 2-1, and bore 1/3 of the engaged tooth depth of tooth 2-2 with second, now bearing circle can not rotate;

4.. pull on and move on pin 1 to gear, when the dish screw on eccentric shaft 10 is to ∠ 180 °, see Fig. 3, triconodont 2-3 and first bores tooth 2-1 and is engaged completely, bore tooth 2-2 depart from second, now during steering wheel rotation, equidirectional rotation will be done to rear wheel steering shaft with to front-wheel steering axle.

6. the 4th cone tooth 2-4 and the 5th two axial lines of boring tooth 2-5 intersect at a right angle in same plane; Triconodont 2-3 and second bores tooth 2-2, and the crossing angle line of the first cone tooth 2-1 for intersecting angle, is shown in Fig. 2 with the actual angle on gear.

7. the setting of the gear level adapter shaft upper sprocket wheel 11-1 number of teeth: the angle of operation of eccentric shaft 10 is ∠ 180 °, gear level 1 terminates to shifting gears from gearshift, also form an angle, suppose it is ∠ 60 °, 1/3 of ∠ 180 °, if the number of teeth of the sprocket wheel 11-2 on eccentric shaft is 12 teeth, in order to make it synchronous, the number of teeth of gear level adapter shaft upper sprocket wheel 11-1 is exactly 3/1 of 12 teeth, namely 36 teeth.

8. for avoiding axle play, universal-joint 13 right side and the 4th cone tooth 2-4 left side all installed thrust bearings 5; All installed thrust bearing 5 above first cone tooth 2-1 and below the second cone tooth 2-2, is shown in Fig. 1.

9. two one, gears are called driving gear, and one is called and moves car bumper, are now described below respectively:

1. to drive a vehicle gear:

When this gear, when steering wheel rotation, trailing wheel and front-wheel will make counter-rotation, as front-wheel left-handed turning ∠ 30 °, then trailing wheel right-hand turning ∠ 30 °, see Fig. 8, (effect and object: when effectively can solve turning, a difficult problem for the inside or outside sideslip of trailing wheel).

2. car bumper is moved:

When this gear, when steering wheel rotation, trailing wheel and front-wheel will do equidirectional rotation, as front-wheel left-handed turning ∠ 30 °, then trailing wheel also left-handed turning ∠ 30 ° see Fig. 9, (effect and object: whole vehicle body parallel sway can be made, substantially increase vehicle alerting ability).

Four. shifting points: must before front-wheel trailing wheel all Vertical dimension time, gearshift could be realized, see Figure 10, and start to end of shifting gears from gearshift, front and back wheel all will keep this state, as shown in figure 16, need gear level 1 be pulled to gearshift groove left from gear breach during gearshift, then push away (drawing) gear level, finally pull to gear breach to the right, just can complete gearshift; But due to the stop of T-shaped slide block 22, generally gear level 1 can not be pulled left;

When bearing circle left-right rotation, worm gear 18-1 is driven to rotate by worm screw 18-2, the gear 17-1 above it is driven to rotate by worm gear 18-1 by adapter shaft 19 again, then band tooth bar dovetail slide block 21 sway is driven by gear 17-1, only have when the oblong notches on band tooth bar dovetail slide block 21 moves to and the oblong plush copper on T-shaped slide block 22, see Figure 15, when fitting like a glove, and when the rotor in shifting points support pan 24 falls into recess of taking turns 25 on recessed into shifting points, (extension spring in shifting points support pan 24 can make docile the swinging with the recessed rotation taking turns 25 of shifting points of rotor), see Figure 11, (be exactly now front and back wheel all before Vertical dimension time) could pull left gear level 1, pull gear level 1 left while, T-shaped slide block 22 is moved to the left, rotor 20 on strip dog 15 upwards can be risen time mobile, see Figure 12, the now breach that will hook on arresting disc 16 of strip dog 15, its bearing circle can not be rotated, after gearshift, the Compress Spring 28 in T-shaped slide block 22 is by its pushed home to the right, and the rotor 20 on strip dog 15 is also retracted original position by the extension spring 27 at this moment on strip dog 15, and strip dog 15 leaves arresting disc 16, and bearing circle recovers to rotate.

Be finally location, order and the mode of location are as follows:

1. allow shifting points recessed take turns 25 and shifting points support pan 24 be in Figure 11 state, then tightening holding screw 3 (interior hexagonal headless screw, hereinafter referred to as holding screw), is anti-sliding stop and play, locates with taper pin 4 (hereinafter referred to as taper pin).

2. allow notch alignment strip dog 15 on arresting disc 16, see Figure 12, then gear level 1 is placed in the position of Fig. 1, makes strip dog 15 hook arresting disc 16, then locate in the recessed mode of taking turns 25 of fixing shifting points.

3. worm screw:

1.. tighten the holding screw 3 of worm gear 18-1 in rack pinion middle gear 17-1 and Worm and Worm Gear Driving, locate with taper pin 4 respectively.

2.. tighten the holding screw 3 on worm screw 18-2, locate with taper pin 4.

4. directed square frame:

1.. allow triconodont 2-3 one, the top tooth and a bottom tooth become plumbness, see triconodont 2-3 left view in Fig. 1, tighten holding screw 3.

2.. eccentric rotation axis 10 to Fig. 2 state, allows the second cone tooth 2-2 be engaged with triconodont 2-3, tightens the holding screw 3 of the second cone tooth 2-2;

3.. eccentric rotation axis 10 to Fig. 3 state, allows the first cone tooth 2-1 be engaged with triconodont 2-3, tightens the holding screw 3 of the first cone tooth 2-1;

4.. eccentric rotation axis 10 to Fig. 4 state, check that triconodont 2-3 and first bores tooth 2-1, triconodont 2-3 and second bores tooth 2-2 interlocking pattern, if can not be engaged, is moved to the left by directed square frame 8; If occlusion is too many, moved right by directed square frame 8,2. Fig. 1, then repeat, 3. process;

5.. when debugging is to when fitting like a glove with the following stated state;

(1). see Fig. 2, when the fillister head screw on eccentric shaft 10 is in ∠ 0 ° of position, bores tooth 2-2 be engaged completely with second, bore tooth 2-1 depart from first, now when steering wheel rotation, will counter-rotation be made to rear wheel steering shaft with to front-wheel steering axle;

(2). see Fig. 1, when pulling gear level 1, when making fillister head screw on eccentric shaft 10 to ∠ 90 °, triconodont 2-3 and first bores tooth 2-1, and bore 1/3 of the engaged tooth depth of tooth 2-2 with second, now bearing circle can not rotate;

(3). see Fig. 3, pull on and move on pin 1 to gear, when dish screw on eccentric shaft 10 is to ∠ 180 °, triconodont 2-3 and first bores tooth 2-1 and is engaged completely, bore tooth 2-2 depart from second, now during steering wheel rotation, equidirectional rotation will be done to rear wheel steering shaft with to front-wheel steering axle.

Tighten the hex screw on directed square frame 8, then in riveted joint location, 4 riveting points; Then the 4th cone tooth 2-4 and the 5th cone tooth 2-5 is allowed to be engaged completely, tighten the holding screw 3 of the 4th cone tooth 2-4 and the 5th cone tooth 2-5, with taper pin 4, triconodont 2-3, the first cone tooth 2-1, the second cone tooth 2-2, the 4th cone tooth 2-4, the 5th cone tooth 2-5 are located respectively.

5. the sprocket wheel location on gear level 1 adapter shaft:

1.. install the sprocket wheel 11-2 on eccentric shaft 10, tighten holding screw 3;

2.. load onto the sprocket wheel 11-1 on gear level 1 adapter shaft, then hang up chain 12 and connect sprocket wheel 11-1 and sprocket wheel 11-2; Allow the fillister head screw on eccentric shaft 10 and gear level 1 be in Fig. 2 state, then press down straining pulley 14 and allow chain 12 be in Fig. 2 state, then straining pulley 14 is fixed;

3.. holding screw 3 taper pin 4 tightened on gear level 1 adapter shaft sprocket wheel 11-1 is located.

4.. two fillister head screws 26 shed on directed square frame 8 need not.

6. allow four-wheel be in Figure 10 state, allow gear level 1 be in Fig. 1 state, then by former vehicle steering wheel shaft and steering hardware method of attachment, connect to front-wheel steering axle and steering unit for front wheels in this steering swivel system, and to rear wheel steering shaft and apparatus for rear wheel steering.(allowing when locating strip dog 15 hook breach on arresting disc 16, being locked with rope, then gear level 1 is placed on gear, making whole steering swivel system motionless, after steering swivel system and front-and rear-wheel steer device are connected and fixed, removing rope).

Five. design notice:

1., when processing and fabricating and the various gear linkage of this steering swivel system of Installation and Debugging, keeping, under the prerequisite gone slick, requiring to closely cooperate, after Installation and Debugging, when gear level is on gear, spacious dynamic phenomenon between each gear and gear, can not being had to exist.

2. gearshift is to when moving car bumper gear, should design caution sound prompting.

3. should design alarming sign " forbidding use to move car bumper during driving ".

4. be expert at car bumper gear time, due to front and back crop rotation counter-rotation, front-wheel turns ∠ 30 °, and trailing wheel also reversing sense turns ∠ 30 ° and sees Fig. 8, is equivalent to former front-wheel and turns ∠ 60 °, should consider this factor during design.

Claims

1. a motor-driven four-wheeled steering swivel system, controlling in the constant driving device of steering unit for front wheels, increase a set of driving device and control trailing wheel, two gears are established in the driving device controlling trailing wheel, an i.e. forward gear, a backward gear, make trailing wheel under shift control, when rotating of steering wheel, with front crop rotation in the same way or rotate backward, this steering swivel system comprises sprocket wheel on sprocket wheel on gear level, gear level adapter shaft, eccentric shaft, eccentric shaft, connects chain, directed square frame, the cross bore slide block of the sprocket wheel on gear level adapter shaft and the sprocket wheel on eccentric shaft, directed square frame is fixed in frame, cross bore slide block set, on the axle on the universal-joint left side, can move up and down in directed square frame, and axle on the right of universal-joint connects that arresting disc, worm screw, shifting points are recessedly taken turns, the 4th cone tooth, and the 4th cone tooth and the 5th is bored tooth and combined and control apparatus for rear wheel steering, eccentric shaft is through cross bore slide block, again through the axis hole in directed square frame, the screw hole on eccentric shaft is allowed then to tighten fillister head screw upward, load onto the sprocket wheel on eccentric shaft, this sprocket wheel can do round ∠ 180 ° rotation, drive the axle on the universal-joint left side when it rotates by cross bore slide block and then drive triconodont to move up and down, bore tooth or second and bore tooth with first and coordinate, first cone tooth and the second cone tooth are fixed on and are connected on the axle of bearing circle, simultaneously by the 4th cone tooth of rear-wheel steering system, 5th cone tooth reaches trailing wheel and front crop rotation in the same way or counter-rotational gearshift object, it is characterized in that, this steering swivel system also comprises shifting points support pan, dovetail furrow shifts gears main piece, band tooth bar dovetail slide block, tee T slide block, strip dog, arresting disc, gear level need be pulled the gearshift groove of shifting gears on main piece to dovetail furrow left from the gear breach that dovetail furrow is shifted gears main piece during gearshift, then push away or draw gear level, finally pull to another gear breach to the right, just gearshift can be completed, but due to the stop of tee T slide block, generally gear level can not be pulled left, when bearing circle left-right rotation, worm gear wheel is driven by described worm screw, pinion rotation above it is driven by adapter shaft again by worm gear, then by gear driven band tooth bar dovetail slide block sway, only have when being with the oblong notches on tooth bar dovetail slide block to move to fit like a glove with the oblong plush copper on tee T slide block, and when the rotor in shifting points support pan falls into the recess into shifting points is recessed takes turns, gear level could be pulled left, the shifting points that can make extension spring in shifting points support pan supports docile the swinging with the recessed rotation taken turns of shifting points of rotor in pan, the part of the close tee T slide block of shifting points support pan is driven to move up and down during swing, during upward movement, shifting points support pan can stop that tee T slide block is moved to the left, when the rotor in shifting points support pan falls into the recessed recess of taking turns into shifting points, the part of the close tee T slide block of shifting points support pan moves downward now shifting points support pan and just can not stop that tee T slide block is moved to the left near the part of tee T slide block, while pulling gear level left, tee T slide block is moved to the left, and the rotor on strip dog upwards can be risen time mobile, now strip dog will hook the breach on arresting disc, and its bearing circle can not be rotated, after gearshift, the Compress Spring in tee T slide block is by tee T slide block pushed home to the right, and the rotor on strip dog is also retracted original position by the extension spring at this moment on strip dog, and strip dog leaves arresting disc, and bearing circle recovers to rotate.