CN102895023A - 带有一体回转接头的植入物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种永久或暂时植入人或动物体内的植入物,其具有用于连接被分开的机体部分和/或其他植入物部件的基体,所述植入物具有负载轴(L),沿所述负载轴传递主要拉伸和/或压力,与所述负载轴成直角形成至少一个旋转轴(D),所述旋转轴至少促进所述基体、特别是沿负载轴设置的所述基体端部绕所述旋转轴的有限弯曲,其中,由与所述基体一体形成的回转接头(11,12,13,14,15)限定所述至少一个旋转轴。
Description
本申请是申请日为2006年9月29日、发明名称为“带有一体回转接头的植入物”的申请号为200610141092.0专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及与权利要求1前序部分对应的永久或暂时植入人体或动物体内的植入物,以及用于椎骨的位置支撑器,椎间盘替代物,或者用于椎弓根螺钉排列的连接杆和由这些部件制成的稳定***。
背景技术
在现代医学中,最近开始广泛使用植入物来替代发生了疾病、损伤或与年龄相关的磨损现象之后的部分人体骨骼。因此,已经公知的是,例如,在脊椎出现破裂等损伤的情况下或者当部分脊柱受到肿瘤攻击时,用位置支撑器来替代相应的椎骨。这种位置支撑器公开在例如欧洲专利EP 0268 115 B1中。
按相似的方式,例如在DE 43 23 034 C1中所述的,椎间盘也可以用相应的位置支撑器来替代。这些基本上具有圆管状基本结构的位置支撑器,必须与轴向压力基本上相适应,从而可以分担脊柱所承受的力。因此,位置支撑器必须具有足够强度。
此外,优选的是,位置支撑器具有一定弹性,以便脊柱可以活动,特别是弯曲或扭曲。为此,现有技术提出了用于椎骨或椎间盘的位置支撑器,其实现了两种功能的组合,这两种功能一方面是强度,特别是在轴向压缩方向上的强度,另一方面是活动性,特别是绕着垂直于轴向负载方向的旋转轴的可弯曲性。其例子是DE 10337088A1和WO2005/039454A2。对于这些位置支撑器,其两端在相邻组织或相邻椎骨中起到排列或者连接作用,这两端之间的中心区具有弹性区,该弹性区由相应的弹性材料或由位置支撑器的相应结构形成。在这方面,WO2005/039454提出了一种螺旋形周向切口,其使得弹性中心区中的基体具有类弹簧性能。
WO 2005/039454A2还公开了:其他植入物,例如用于椎弓根螺钉排列的连接杆或者相似的稳定***,除了具有传递力的能力以外,还可以由于相应的螺旋形状而具有一定的弹性。
尽管这些方案在实现弹性方面获得了非常好的结果,但是,由于这些结构的旋转轴或弯曲轴的不确定性,使得可以承受轴向压缩负载的强度和程度不够,这是需要考虑到的。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于,进一步改进基本上是两种相反功能的性能分布,这两种相反功能一方面即是弹性或活动性,另一方面即是强度或承载能力,使得植入物或特别是位置支撑器在操作过程中总体上容易植入,并且易于制造。
上述目的通过具有权利要求1所述特征的植入物、具有权利要求21所述特征的位置支撑器、具有权利要求24所述特征的椎间盘替代物、具有权利要求27所述特征的用于椎弓根螺钉排列的连接杆和具有权利要求29所述特征的上述这些装置的组合来实现。优选的实施例实现了从属权利要求的目的。
本发明来源于以下认识:改进一方面是弹性或活动性、另一方面是刚性或强度和承载能力之间的平衡关系,就需要提供明确限定的回转接头,该回转接头一方面具有例如在轴向负载方向上传递负载的能力,另一方面能促进绕着所限定的回转接头的旋转轴的旋转,从而能促进植入物的弯曲。
尤其可能实现上述功能的是:当回转接头在植入物中一体形成时,可以优选地使用所谓的薄膜铰链来实现。这里的薄膜铰链是指:设置薄膜区或韧带区或通常的壁区,通过设计它的大小,就可提高相应的弹性并因而促进旋转或回转活动,即使相应壁区或相应韧带也由与其他区相同的具体是基本上刚性的材料构成。
根据本发明,设置至少一个这样的回转接头,以促进植入物端部在至少一个方向上的倾斜或弯曲。然而,优选地,设置几个回转接头,它们优选地处于不同平面中,特别是沿主要负载轴排列,并绕主要负载轴旋转。特别地,优选的结构是不同平面中的不同旋转轴相互交替偏转90°,以确保植入物可在每个方向上弯曲。
相应地,有利的是:设计植入物,使得用相互叠置的几个圆盘或圆环元件构建成基本上是管状、特别是圆管状的基体,其中的圆盘或圆环元件通过相应的回转接头或薄膜铰链相互连接,但也是相互分开的,这样在绕着相应的回转接头旋转时就存在自由活动空间。
优选地,每个回转接头均沿各个圆环或圆盘元件的平分线布置,同时在薄膜铰链的两侧设置切口,以便为活动提供必需的空间。
这里,有利的是:相邻圆环或圆盘元件之间的切口或自由空间,即它们之间的间距,从回转接头或薄膜铰链处开始减小,使得边缘处仅有狭缝状空间。这种狭缝状空间一方面限定了相邻圆盘或圆环元件可能的相向倾斜,并且在沿植入物的主要负载轴轴向压缩时,同时限定可能的相互接触表面,从而可以分散负载。其结果是,在沿主要负载轴的轴向压缩负载情况下,首先是回转接头或薄膜铰链承担负载。由于设计的圆盘或圆环通过薄膜铰链相互连接,其中较大切口的原因使得接近薄膜铰链处的圆盘或圆环的厚度减小,所以轴向负载的进一步增大使圆盘或圆环弹性变形或特别是弯曲,直到相邻圆盘或圆环元件之间的狭缝状空间用尽为止。狭缝状切口区中的相邻圆盘或圆环元件彼此叠置之后,管状基本结构的这些边缘区也就开始起到分担负载的作用,使得即使在非常高的轴向压缩负载时也具有相应的强度。但是,由于例如在压缩时所述狭缝状切口会确保在轴向方向上的微活动以及垂直于主要负载轴的旋转或弯曲,就可以防止相邻各段的过度负载,并促进相应位置支撑器的端板快速向上增长,因为该位置支撑器允许较小的活动,因而不会撕裂其端板。
相应地,有利的是:在端板或端部圆盘或圆环处设置连接装置,所述连接装置促进与相邻机体部分的接合及与相邻机体部分长在一起或植入物附着于其他植入物部件。为此,设置有锯齿状突起、钝的锯齿状突起、凹陷、切口等,其特征特别在于,根据它们的设计可以容易地将它们调节到任何所需长度。
薄膜铰链优选形成为,从相邻圆盘或圆环元件之间的管状基体外圆周壁开始,设置向内延伸的径向韧带,它们还可通过侧板元件连接到相应的圆盘或圆环元件。优选地,韧带或薄膜铰链不是设计成连续的,而是设置成在中心区相互分开的两段相对的头部,使得沿中心轴产生连续开口,所述开口可以设计成不同的形状和结构,例如苜蓿叶,交叉等形状。
优选为一体形成的基体,即特别是圆盘和圆环或薄膜铰链的韧带,其材料可以选自不同的材料。特别地,所有生物相容性金属、金属合金和聚合物都是适合的。由于本发明基体的结构,也可以使用基本上比较刚性的材料,因为所述设计已经能够确保该基体的弹性和活动性。当然,也可以使用具有一定程度的固有弹性的材料,从而确保活动性和弹性。
附图说明
通过结合附图对实施例的详细描述,可以理解本发明进一步的优点、特性和特征。各附图仅是示意图,附图中:
图1是本发明的位置支撑器的立体图;
图2是本发明的第二种位置支撑器的立体图;
图3是本发明的第三种位置支撑器的立体图;
图4是图1的位置支撑器的侧视图;
图5是图1和图4的位置支撑器的侧视图,其中图5的侧视图相对于图4的侧视图旋转了90°;
图6是图3的位置支撑器的侧视图;
图7是图3和图6的位置支撑器的侧视图,其中图7的位置支撑器的侧视图相对于图6的侧视图旋转了90°;
图8是图3的位置支撑器的俯视图;
图9是图1的位置支撑器的俯视图;
图10是前述位置支撑器的一部分的侧视图,以子图a)~c)表明处于不同负载状态;
图11是前述例子中位置支撑器的一部分的侧视图,以子图a)~c)表明不同负载;
图12是图1的位置支撑器的细节图;
图13是图1的位置支撑器与椎弓根螺钉排列相互作用的侧视示意图;
图14是图1的位置支撑器与另一形式的椎弓根螺钉排列相互作用的侧视示意图;
图15是图3的位置支撑器的使用状态侧视示意图;
图16是图3的位置支撑器与椎弓根螺钉排列相互作用的另一种使用状态侧视示意图;
图17是本发明的连接杆的侧视示意图;
图18是图17的本发明连接杆的部分剖视细节图;
图19是图17和图18的连接杆的剖视图;
图20是图17至图19的本发明连接杆的立体图;
图21是图1的本发明位置支撑器和图20的本发明连接杆的使用状态侧视示意图。
具体实施方式
图1是脊柱的位置支撑器这一形式的本发明植入物第一实施例的立体图。
位置支撑器1具有基本上是圆管状的基体,该基体再细分成六个圆盘或圆环2~7,这些圆盘或圆环沿纵轴L叠置,纵轴L同时也是主要负载轴L。在两个末端元件2和7的向外突出端上面的是连接元件8~10,这些连接元件由钝的锯齿状突起8、位于钝的锯齿状突起之间的菱形或三角形切口9和三角形凹陷10形成。这些连接元件8~10用于与相邻组织、软骨或椎骨接合并与之长到一起。使用连接元件8~10,能够确保位置支撑器1牢固地布置在脊柱中。
圆盘或圆环元件2~7之间均设有两个从外部向内部沿径向延伸的韧带,所述韧带形成薄膜铰链11~15。形成薄膜铰链11~15的韧带没有完全延伸至中心轴,其中的中心轴与负载轴L平行或与其相同,所述韧带在内部区域相互分开,因而形成连续的开口,下文将对此进行说明。可选择地,韧带的宽度也可限制为相应于基体的壁厚或环2~7的壁厚。
此外,薄膜铰链交替着旋转90°,使得薄膜铰链11与薄膜铰链12成直角,而薄膜铰链12与薄膜铰链13成直角,等等。
圆盘或圆环元件2~7仅通过相应的薄膜铰链11~15相互连接,这使得相应的圆盘或圆环元件2~7之间的两个半圆形切口相互分开。在薄膜铰链11~15区域,相应的切口在主要负载轴L方向上的厚度比远离薄膜铰链11~15的区域的厚度大。具体而言,圆盘或圆环元件2~7之间的切口分成两部分,第一部分的截面形成三角形切口,从具有较大厚度的薄膜铰链11~15头部开始,随着与薄膜铰链11~15相距的距离增大,该切口在主要负载轴方向上的厚度减小,最后成为圆盘或圆环元件2~7之间的窄缝18而终止于第二部分。通过使边缘变圆,可以优化切口17的基本上为三角形的截面形状,从而不出现应力极大值。
在薄膜铰链两侧均设置切口17,18,可促进位置支撑器1通过与薄膜铰链11~15的韧带平行的旋转轴进行倾斜,如旋转轴D和相应的旋转箭头所示。
薄膜铰链11,13和15相对于薄膜铰链12和14的90°偏转布置使得位置支撑器1可以绕纵轴L在各方向上弯曲,其中下垂倾斜角可达到5°。
图2和图3是另两个实施例的位置支撑器1'和1″的立体图,其中相同的附图标记指相同的部件。
位置支撑器1'承受主要的拉伸和压缩力,沿着其纵轴L,位置支撑器1'具有四个圆盘或圆环元件2',3',4'和5'。这些元件通过回转接头或薄膜铰链11,12和13相互连接,这些回转接头或薄膜铰链中的每一个形成与负载轴L成直角的旋转轴D。
在薄膜铰链11~13的韧带两侧设置基本上是三角形的切口17,所述切口与薄膜铰链11,12和13相邻,随着与薄膜铰链11~13的距离逐渐增大,所述切口变窄,最终成为窄缝18。
在负载轴L方向上布置的端部,即在圆环元件2'和5'处,设置与相邻椎骨、软骨或组织连接的连接元件,如图1中实施例明确显示的,该连接元件具有钝的锯齿状突起8和三角形凹陷10。此外,仅存在三角形切口9',因为在位置支撑器1'的连接元件处形成的冠部(crown)比位置支撑器1的冠部低。
在图3所示的位置支撑器1″中,可以观察到连接元件处的冠部进一步降低。这里,根本没有设置切口,而只设置有钝的顶部8″和梯形凹陷10″。
这里,也有四个圆盘元件2″,3″,4″和5″通过相互成直角的交替薄膜铰链11,12和13彼此连接,而在圆盘元件2″,3″,4″和5″之间,存在相应的切口,用于使圆盘元件2″,3″,4″和5″在薄膜铰链之外的区域中间隔排列。在三角形截面的切口区17处,圆盘元件2″,3″,4″和5″之间的距离大于在狭缝形成区18处的距离,其中,就像其他实施例一样,大约一半圆周处于狭缝空间区域中,而另一半圆周在圆盘元件2″~5″之间具有更大空间。
图4至图7再次阐明了使用位置支撑器1和1″的本发明植入物的设计原理。图4和图5是位置支撑器1的两个侧视图,这两个侧视图相对于彼此绕轴L旋转90°。通过比较图4和图5,可以清楚地看到,一方面是薄膜铰链11,13和15,另一方面是薄膜铰链12和14,以及相应的相关旋转轴D,相对于彼此均旋转90°,狭缝18可以促进绕着相应圆环和圆盘元件2~7之间的各旋转轴D倾斜。
图6和图7中同样如此,显示了具有较少数量的圆盘或圆环元件以及薄膜铰链11~13和旋转轴D的位置支撑器1″。
图8和图9是位置支撑器1″(图8)和位置支撑器1(图9)的俯视图。从这两个俯视图中很清楚地看到,位置支撑器1'和位置支撑器1基本上都具有圆管状主体,由相应的圆环或圆盘元件构建而成。这两个俯视图也清楚地显示了薄膜铰链,例如图8中位置支撑器1″的薄膜铰链11和12,它们由向内延伸的径向韧带形成,但是在中间处却是彼此分开,使得在整个位置支撑器1″中沿负载轴L形成中心开口19。
在薄膜铰链11~15的韧带仅通过所连接的圆环或圆盘元件的外壁而依附的情况下,在薄膜铰链11~15的相应韧带之间进一步形成有空腔20~23,所述空腔也连续平行于负载轴,从而在从上到下的整个长度上,在位置支撑器1″中形成为苜蓿叶形空腔19~23。
可选择地,形成所述薄膜铰链的韧带也可以通过相应的板16(参见图1)从侧面稳定,或依附于相应的圆环或圆盘元件2~7处。如图1中实施例所示,如果这种板16是三角形,那么整个俯视图是连续的交叉状空腔24,其中形成薄膜铰链11~15的韧带排列在图9的虚线25区域中。
图10和图11表明本发明结构的工作机理。
从图10的子图a)~c)可以明显看出,薄膜铰链例如薄膜铰链12或相应的韧带由于沿主要负载轴L施加的轴向压力而被弹性压缩。此外,或者在韧带和圆盘或圆环的相关设计中,圆盘或圆环3,4主要是在它们的最弱形成区域中即在接近韧带12的区域中发生弹性变形或弯曲,直到彼此分开的圆盘元件3和4在狭缝形成区18中相互接触。在这种情况下,如图10的子图b)所示,轴向负载不仅被薄膜铰链12的韧带所承担,而且也被彼此叠置的圆盘元件3和4的边缘区域所分担。按这种方式,能够承担的轴向负载增大。如图10的子图c)所示,如果轴向负载即压力进一步增大,那么圆盘元件3和4在狭缝形成区18处进一步被压到一起,因而承担主要负载,这是因为这里的接触表面比薄膜铰链12的韧带截面更大。
如图11所示,在弯曲负载情况下,薄膜铰链12的形成得很薄的韧带促进绕垂直于图平面的轴的旋转。按此方式,圆盘元件3和4的边缘表面在狭缝形成区18中发生一侧接触,位置支撑器发生相应的弯曲或位置支撑器的端部相向倾斜。这种有限倾斜或弯曲的可能性发生后,圆盘元件3和4在狭缝形成区中的相互接触(参见图11的子图b))使得狭缝形成区承担负载,这样能防止进一步倾斜,此外,随着施加的负载增大,通过相应地更大接触区域(参见图11的子图c))来实现稳定。
从图10和图11可以相应地看出,在圆盘或圆环元件3和4之间的与切口17和18相关的设计,促进可能倾斜或弯曲区域的调节以及植入物整体稳定性和强度的调节。如果狭缝区的比例总体上扩大,那么就可得到更大强度,这是因为存在更大的接触表面面积。如果狭缝厚度即圆盘之间的间距增大,那么可弯曲性增大。
图12再次详细阐明了圆环或圆盘元件2和3之间的狭缝区的作用。圆环或圆盘元件2和3之间的狭缝18所限定的间距决定了圆环或圆盘元件2和3之间的活动性或倾斜程度。间距越大,圆盘或圆环元件2和3相对于薄膜铰链11的转动能力越大。此外,在轴向压缩或相应的弯曲情况下,狭缝区18中可能的接触表面的大小决定了可传递的负载大小。圆环或圆盘元件2在区域34中的形成决定了圆盘或圆环2的可弯曲性,因而决定了在负载轴L方向上的弹性。
图13至图16显示了本发明植入物的不同应用范围。图13表明位置支撑器1与椎弓根螺钉排列组合使用,其中相邻椎骨中的椎弓根螺钉30在其螺钉头31处通过连接杆32被连接,并起到稳定作用。在此实施例中,通过材料的弹性形成半刚性的连接杆32。
图14显示了在相似应用情况下的位置支撑器1,其中仅有椎弓根螺钉排列中的半刚性连接杆32被带有芯元件的弹性连接杆33替代,在这种情况下,由螺旋-螺杆状设计产生弹性。可选择地,具有通过回转接头连接的本发明圆盘结构的连接杆可用作连接杆33。
图15和图16显示了位置支撑器1″的应用范围,一种应用带有稳定装置(图16),另一种没有(图15)。在考虑到位置支撑器1″的较低安装高度的情况下,这里用所述位置支撑器作为椎间盘替代物,并可能设有由椎弓根螺钉30和与螺钉头31连接的弹性连接杆33构成的稳定椎弓根螺钉排列。
图17显示了一种弹性连接杆100,在其中心区,包括相应于位置支撑器1的本发明基体结构,具有通过回转接头连接的铰接圆盘或圆环元件200,300,400,各接头以交替方式相互偏转90°。
各接头由薄膜铰链120形成,例如由圆环元件200,300,400之间相应的连接韧带形成,其中韧带120的宽度相应于圆环200,300,400的壁厚。
例如,在连接杆100的轴向端部,设有用于配合椎弓根螺钉的螺钉头的连接部80。在图17所示的实施例中,与接头结构的中心区相比,连接部80具有更小的截面。然而,具有连续恒定截面的杆也是可以想到的。
图18显示了图17的连接杆100的细节图,其中,相应的圆环元件200和300仅通过相应的韧带元件120相互连接,而在其他壁区的圆环200,300之间设有瓶状切口170,180,其具有宽切口区170和狭缝状切口区180。切口170,180的形状,特别是狭缝180的厚度,限定了连接杆100的可压缩性和倾斜或可弯曲性。
图19显示了图17和18的连接杆100的剖视图。可以看到,连接部80与基体一体形成。然而,也可用适当方式,例如使用相应的螺纹连接,使连接部80与基本结构可拆卸地连接。
图20以立体图的方式再次显示了弹性连接杆100,从图中清楚地看到,圆管状基本结构是由用韧带或薄膜铰链120连接在关节中的圆环元件200,300,400构建而成的,其中相邻圆环元件的韧带或薄膜铰链相对于彼此旋转90°。
图21显示了本发明位置支撑器1和弹性连接杆100以及椎弓根螺钉排列稳定***的应用例子。旋入椎骨的椎弓根螺钉30通过弹性连接杆100相互连接,其中连接柱80与螺钉头31相配合。位置支撑器1设置在椎骨之间。通过位置支撑器1和连接杆100的弹性形式,如图21的箭头所示,例如可以压缩位置支撑器1并同时延伸弹性连接杆100,并且也可进行相反过程。此外,弹性连接杆100和弹性位置支撑器1的轴向端部都可以进行相应的弯曲或倾斜。总之,可以理想地实现一方面是对强度而另一方面是对弹性的要求。
Claims (29)
1.一种永久或暂时植入人体或动物体内的植入物,具有用于连接被分开的机体部分和/或其他植入物部件的基体,所述植入物具有负载轴(L),沿所述负载轴主要传递拉伸和/或压力,与所述负载轴横向交叉形成至少一个旋转轴(D),所述旋转轴至少促进所述基体、特别是沿负载轴设置的所述基体端部绕所述旋转轴的有限弯曲,其中,由与所述基体一体形成的回转接头(11,12,13,14,15)限定所述至少一个旋转轴。
2.根据权利要求1所述的植入物,其中,具有不同平面上的旋转轴的几个所述回转接头(11,12,13,14,15)沿横向特别是垂直于所述负载轴(L)排列。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的植入物,其中,设有几个所述回转接头,它们的旋转轴绕所述负载轴(L)相对旋转。
4.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,设有几个所述回转接头(11,12,13,14,15),它们沿着所述负载轴设置在相互叠置的几个平面中,这些回转接头相互偏转90°。
5.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述回转接头(11,12,13,14,15)形成为薄膜铰链形式。
6.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述回转接头(11,12,13,14,15)由一个、优选两个韧带形成,该韧带沿着所述旋转轴彼此相对并在平行于所述负载轴(L)的平面内延伸。
7.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述回转接头(11,12,13,14,15)由至少一个、优选两个韧带形成,该韧带沿着所述旋转轴彼此相对,并从平行于所述负载轴的基体中心轴方向上的基体外周壁延伸。
8.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述基体在垂直于所述负载轴(L)的平面中具有至少一个、优选两个切口(17,18),在该平面处设置回转接头,特别是垂直于该平面的韧带形式的回转接头,其中所述切口设置在所述回转接头的两侧,使得可以绕所述回转接头倾斜。
9.根据权利要求8所述的植入物,其中,所述切口(17,18)至少在所述基体的壁区中从所述回转接头(11,12,13,14,15)逐渐缩小。
10.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述回转接头(11,12,13,14,15)沿所述基体的平分线设置。
11.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述基体具有至少两个、优选几个圆盘或圆环(2,3,4,5,6,7),它们通过回转接头相互连接。
12.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述基体和特别是其包括的圆盘或圆环(2,3,4,5,6,7)具有连续开口(19~24),它们设置在中心,沿着所述负载轴与所述中心轴同轴。
13.根据权利要求12所述的植入物,其中,所述开口(19~24)是星形、交叉形或苜蓿叶形。
14.根据权利要求12或13所述的植入物,其中,设置2~10个,特别是2~6个,优选4~6个圆盘或圆环(2,3,4,5,6,7)。
15.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,设置1~5个,特别是3~5个回转接头(11,12,13,14,15)。
16.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述基体具有奇数个回转接头(11,12,13,14,15)和偶数个圆盘或圆环(2~7)。
17.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述基体在平行于负载轴的轴向方向上可弹性变形,特别是可弹性压缩。
18.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,形成所述基体包括的圆盘或圆环(2,3,4,5,6,7),使得它们在轴向负载、特别是压缩负载情况下主要是沿负载轴弹性变形,特别是在接近所述回转接头处弯曲。
19.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述基体是具有任意截面形状的管状主体,特别是圆管状主体。
20.根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物,其中,所述基体在其沿所述负载轴设置的端部处具有连接元件(8,9,10)。
21.一种用于椎骨的位置支撑器,具有根据上述任一权利要求所述的植入物的特征。
22.根据权利要求21所述的位置支撑器,其中,所述连接元件(8,9,10)由孔、切口、突出物和/或锯齿状突起形成,用于与相邻的身体组织接合或并长到其上。
23.根据权利要求21或22所述的位置支撑器,其中,设置4~6个圆盘或圆环,它们通过3~5个回转接头相互连接。
24.一种用于脊柱的椎间盘替代物,具有根据权利要求1~20中任一项所述的植入物的特征。
25.根据权利要求24所述的椎间盘替代物,其中,设置2~4个圆盘或圆环,它们通过1~3个回转接头相互连接。
26.根据权利要求24或25所述的椎间盘替代物,其中,所述连接元件由孔、切口、突出物和/或锯齿状突起形成,用于与相邻的身体组织接合或结合。
27.一种用于椎弓根螺钉排列或其他稳定装置的连接杆,具有根据权利要求1~20中任一项所述的植入物的特征。
28.根据权利要求27所述的连接杆,其中,所述连接元件由可以塞进螺旋连接件的柱等形成。
29.一种具有一个或多个部件的稳定***,其部件包括根据上述任一权利要求所述的位置支撑器、椎间盘替代物和连接杆。
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EP05110043A EP1779814B1 (de) | 2005-10-26 | 2005-10-26 | Implantat mit einstückigem Drehgelenk |
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EPEP05110043.6 | 2005-10-26 | ||
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EP1943987B1 (de) | 2012-04-18 |
JP5025221B2 (ja) | 2012-09-12 |
EP1943987A2 (de) | 2008-07-16 |
TWI458462B (zh) | 2014-11-01 |
KR20070045128A (ko) | 2007-05-02 |
EP1779814B1 (de) | 2009-03-18 |
EP1943987A3 (de) | 2009-01-14 |
US20070093904A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
TW200716053A (en) | 2007-05-01 |
CN102895023B (zh) | 2018-02-06 |
TW201034618A (en) | 2010-10-01 |
EP1943986B1 (de) | 2012-04-25 |
TWI341191B (en) | 2011-05-01 |
EP1943986A3 (de) | 2008-10-01 |
ES2385618T3 (es) | 2012-07-27 |
CN1954786A (zh) | 2007-05-02 |
DE502005006888D1 (de) | 2009-04-30 |
CN1954786B (zh) | 2012-11-14 |
JP2007117735A (ja) | 2007-05-17 |
ES2322072T3 (es) | 2009-06-16 |
KR101288232B1 (ko) | 2013-07-24 |
EP1779814A1 (de) | 2007-05-02 |
US8152849B2 (en) | 2012-04-10 |
EP1943986A2 (de) | 2008-07-16 |
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