CN102892948B - Metallic cable, the elevator being provided with metallic cable and lubricant are for the purposes of lubricated metal rope - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an object of the invention to a kind of traction sheave elevator and the rope (3) comprising the metal as loading material, the suspension rope of such as elevator, this rope includes that at least one or more strand (7) woven by metal wire (9) and this rope (3) with lubricator (8) are lubricated.Another purpose is that above-mentioned lubricant is for lubricating the purposes of rope (3).Lubricant (8) at least includes oil and thickening agent, and the thickening agent in this lubricant (8) includes at least the 10% or more of the quality of lubricant (8).

Description

Metallic cable, the elevator being provided with metallic cable and lubricant are for lubricated metal rope The purposes of rope

Technical field

It is an object of the invention to metallic cable, be provided with the elevator of metallic cable, for the lubricant of lubricated metal rope Purposes, and lubricant.

Background technology

Elevator or the rope woven by metal wire of other lifting means, more particularly ropes, i.e. suspension rope, Generally it is lubricated with some proper lubrication oil.Lubrication improves the operation of rope and reduces the abrasion of rope, at this In the case of, the service life of rope extends.Lubrication also prevents getting rusty of rope.Rope is generally lubricated when manufacturing rope, Such as so that lubricant being sprayed in strand to be manufactured when by the strand of steel wire Knitted rope.

According to an existing technology, the lubricant used is paraffinic base.But, when using problem during paraffin to be, When rope heating, the structure thin of oil, in the case, paraffin the oil held can easily separate from rope.Paraffinic base moistens Another problem of lubrication prescription is, at higher temperatures, traction sheave becomes more to slide, thus with contacting of rope, it is difficult to make to lead Coefficient of friction between approaching channel wheel and rope meets the value required by elevator directive.If coefficient of friction is the least, rope can lead Approaching channel wheel is upper to slide, and this causes some problems and may also be security risks.The lubricant of other relative thin and and paraffin The problem that the oil of mixing has same type.

Normally, it is desirable to make elevator and elevator structure light as far as possible, in the case, this elevator manufacture and install meeting Less expensive.When lift car and counterweight become lighter, but, the friction between elevator rope and traction sheave reduces simultaneously. The reducing thus limit and manufacture lighter elevator of friction；General purpose is intended to realize high friction, but but otherwise make rope Too fast wear and tear.

Summary of the invention

Idea of the invention is that and to equip such elevator rope to elevator, i.e. wherein comprise the lubrication of solid additive Agent replaces oil, paraffin or is mixed with the oil of paraffin and as lubricant, thus, the friction between elevator rope and traction sheave will be compared The elevator rope being lubricated according to prior art bigger.

This invention aims to eliminate aforesaid shortcoming and realize a kind of metallic cable, such as traction sheave elevator Suspension rope, it is lubricated with the lubricant of grease type, the coefficient of friction between described suspension rope and traction sheave More than existing solution.It addition, a purpose is intended to realize the suspension rope of traction sheave elevator, making of this suspension rope More longer than former with the life-span.It is still a further object to the suspension rope of traction sheave elevator to be realized, wherein lubricant exists Rest on well on rope during the operation of rope.The invention aims to also realize a kind of traction sheave elevator, wherein Suspension rope is by using the lubricant of grease type to be lubricated.It is also object of the invention to realize lubrication The lubricant of lipid type is for the purposes of the suspension rope of lubricated metal rope such as elevator.

Some embodiments of the present invention are also discussed in the description of the present application part.Present invention content Also can be defined to different from summary of the invention presented below.Present disclosure may also include several single invention, especially If in view of wording or implicit subtask or considering the present invention from the visual angle of the advantage realized or a few class advantage.In this situation Under, comprising some feature in the following can be unnecessary in terms of the visual angle of single inventive concept.Similarly, in conjunction with the present invention Each embodiment provide different details apply also for other embodiments.It addition, explicable, at least some of can be at least It is considered as themselves to be creative in a suitable case.

One of them advantage of solution according to the present invention is, rubbing between elevator rope and the grooving of traction sheave Wiping power is more than the frictional force of the elevator rope using traditional oil lubrication.Another advantage is, due to the traction that preferably rubs, electricity Ladder rope Sliding Control in traction sheave also improves.Show that from advantage illustrated above the moment of motor can be by more effectively The advantage that ground utilizes, because the ratio of the rope force on the not homonymy of traction sheave can be made bigger, it can improve car Clean payload and the ratio of deadweight.Further advantage is that the diameter of bigger friction permission traction sheave is less, or phase The contact angle answering ground elevator rope and traction sheave is less.One is also advantageous in that, due to the traction that preferably rubs, and can be at elevator The structure that middle use is less and lighter, it also results in and reduces cost.Additional advantage be elevator rope will not be prone to get rusty or Abrasion, therefore the life-span of rope is longer compared with the rope such as lubricated with paraffin.Another advantage be lubricant very well It is penetrated into rope inside and keeps adhering well to rope, and being not easy to separate from it or be splashed into other portions of elevator In Fen.

The importance of the present invention is intended to by carrying out lubricated metal rope including at least the lubricant of oil and thickening agent, actual In be steel cable, this metallic cable potentially includes nonmetallic part.Thickening agent in lubricant includes the quality of lubricant extremely Few 10%.Depending on thickening agent and additive, the amount of thickener level of 10-20% has created the lubrication being quite dried Agent.If thickening agent includes at least about 1/3rd, then the bonding of oil to lubricant is the easiest.It practice, it is right In making enough lubricating oil be adhered to lubricant, the percentage composition of thickening agent must stays below 90%, preferably shorter than 85%.Thickening agent suitably forms 1/2nd of the composition just over lubricant, the most about 60-75%.

Thickening agent includes the solid additive that one or more materials are softer than the metal wire of rope, and the most non-has Machine.Thickening agent can comprise lithium, lithium coordination compound, calcium, calcium coordination compound, calcium carbonate, Gypsum Fibrosum, Talcum, calcite, fluorite Or apatite, or some other be suitable for the material of this purpose, such as comprise the compound of calcium.

The lubricant of rope comprises oil, such as gear oil or bearing oil, and it includes the about 15-of quality of lubricant (8) 80%, suitably less than 1/2nd, preferably approximately 20-30%.

Lubricant can also comprise binding agent, filler and additive.They are less than the 15% of quality.Lubricant comprises, In addition to oil and thickening agent, binding agent, this binding agent includes the 0-10% of quality.

Purpose is, by the present invention, the service life of rope is more longer than the rope by traditional method lubrication.The present invention An importance be that the coefficient of friction between traction sheave and rope is owing to the amount of lubrication is correct and lubricant has and compares stone The higher coefficient of friction of wax and sufficiently large.Thus under the working condition of elevator, rope does not slides in traction sheave.Further Advantage be that lubricant is kept firmly on rope and is not easy such as to separate from it due to centrifugal force, even if if Rope becomes the warmest.In this case, higher speed can be used safely.Further advantage is that this configuration realizes It is simple and cheap for getting up.

With the rope including that the lubricant of solid matter such as grease, grease compound or unguentum etc. lubricates, more special Other ground steel cable, also in the range of the design of the present invention.Preferably, at the silk thread of rope before the braiding structure of Guan Bi rope Or on strand, perform lubrication.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Hereinafter, the examples reference accompanying drawing by means of embodiments of the invention is more fully described the present invention, wherein: Fig. 1 shows that the simplified schematic of a traction sheave elevator as seen from the side of traction sheave and rope tension figure thereof regards Figure；

Fig. 2 shows the cross section of the suspension rope of a metallic cable such as elevator with lubricator lubricated；

Fig. 3 shows the curve chart drawn based on measurement result of the abrasion of the elevator rope lubricated by different way；

Fig. 4 shows slip percent ratio and elevator rope and the grooving of two elevator ropes lubricated by different way Between coefficient of friction based on measurement result draw curve chart.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 shows that the simplified schematic view of a typical traction sheave elevator, described traction sheave elevator include Lift car 1, counterweight 2 and the fitted between them elevator wiring formed by elevator rope 3 parallel to each other.Elevator rope 3 in the grooving being suitably sized to elevator rope 3 directed walk around by elevator elevator rotate traction sheave 4.When it rotates Time, due to friction, traction sheave 4 makes lift car 1 and counterweight 2 in upward direction and move upward downwards simultaneously.

Owing to counterweight 2 and lift car 1 are plus the difference between load at any given time in lift car, apply Rope force T on elevator rope 3_CTWAnd T_CARThe not homonymy of traction sheave 4 has different values.When lift car 1 When comprising the rated load less than 1/2nd, counterweight is generally heavier than the lift car 1 with load.In the case, join Weigh the rope force T between 2 and traction sheave 4_CTWMore than the rope force T between lift car 1 and traction sheave 4_CAR.Correspondingly, When lift car comprises more than the rated load of 1/2nd, counterweight 2 is generally lighter than the lift car 1 with load.? Rope force T in the case of Gai, between counterweight 2 and traction sheave 4_CTWLess than the rope force between lift car 1 and traction sheave 4 T_CAR.In the case of fig. 1, the rope force between lift car 1 and traction sheave 4 is T_CAR>T_CTW.As a result, electricity is acted on The rope force T in the grooving by traction sheave 4 on ladder rope 3_CTWAnd T_CARThe rope tension produced is not constant, but from Counterweight 2 side increases to lift car 1 side.This rope tension being gradually increased is illustrated schematically in tonogram 5 as indicated with 1 In.As explained in the early time, this Tension Difference attempts the skidding causing elevator rope 3 in grooving.Make great efforts to be come by controlled slip Compensating the Tension Difference striding across traction sheave 4, it can such as be achieved due to bigger friction.

Fig. 2 represents the cross section of the suspension rope 3 of a metallic cable such as elevator.The suspension rope 3 of elevator include around The strand 7 that core body 6 is woven together, these strands are such as by metal wire for their part, such as by steel wire 9, braiding.Electricity Ladder rope 3 is lubricated by lubricant 8 when rope manufactures.Lubricant 8 is between strand 7 and is also located at strand Metal wire 9 between, and lubricant 8 is arranged to prevent strand 7 and metal wire 9 rubbing against one another.Elevator ropes according to invention The lubricant 8 of rope 3 also acts on the coefficient of friction between the traction sheave 4 of elevator and elevator rope 3, and with according to prior art The elevator rope that is lubricated of lubricating oil compare, increase friction.

The lubricant 8 of the suspension rope of the elevator according to this invention includes that at least some is suitable for the base oil of this purpose, Some thickening agents, i.e. solid additive and if necessary, also have some binding agents.Base oil, is referred to as more tout court " oily ", is such as some suitable artificial oils, and it comprises various additive, such as anti-wear agent and corrosion-resistant agent.The task of oil, especially It is to prevent water from entering in rope 3 and protect rope to be allowed to from corrosion and abrasion.Erosion resistant and may also have anti-stick live The lubricant of type can be applied to this purpose according to the present invention as the lubricant of elevator rope 3, despite the presence of by this application Some caused limit.

Thickening agent includes the solid matter of one or more particulates, and it is such as based on aluminum, based on lithium, based on barium Or metallic soap of based on calcium.Thickening agent can also is that so-called lithium coordination compound or calcium coordination compound, in the case, greatly Amount metallic soap is used as thickening agent together.Such as, below in one or more lubricants 8 being used as according to the present invention in Thickening agent: lithium, lithium coordination compound, calcium, calcium coordination compound, calcium carbonate, Gypsum Fibrosum, Talcum, calcite, fluorite or apatite, Or other are suitable for the material of this purpose, more such as other the compound comprising calcium.Thickening agent can also is that above-mentioned two Plant or some mixture of more kinds of material.

Thickening agent is the material softer than the steel of the steel wire 9 manufacturing elevator rope 3, and it prevents lubricant 8 from being come by abrasion Rub rope 3.Thickening agent is also arranged to play the effect of the dry lubricant of rope 3 and the oil that bonds.In this case, thickening Agent is played oil in reserve but is formed without the material of the solution of oil.

Binding agent is arranged to the other materials of lubricant 8, i.e. oil, and thickening agent preferably keeps together.Bonding Agent is such as organic group material, such as butyl or some other be suitable for the material of this purpose, such as based on resin or Material based on wax.

Lubricant 8 is produced simply by the component Parts mixing mechanically to each other that it is different.Lubricant 8 is not It is such as with the mixing ratio of component, the oil of about 15-80%, preferably approximately 20-30%, the most about 10-85%, preferably approximately The thickening agent of 65-75%, and the most about 0-10%, the most about 3-6%, the binding agent of such as 5%.Above-mentioned percentage ratio Numeral is percent by weight.Due to substantial amounts of thickening agent, the structure of lubricant 8 is starchy.By means of binding agent and Thickening agent, lubricant 8 rests on well on rope and is not easy separately.

Lubricant 8 according to the present invention is in place of being different from traditional grease, it is particularly preferred to ground, lubricant bag Include the most a high proportion of thickening agent and less oil.Thickening agent can account for the most at most 85%, in the case, the ratio of base oil Example is maintained at the highest by 15%.Unlike this, for grease, in grease, the ratio of base oil is 80-90%, in this situation Under, the ratio of thickening agent and other materials is merely retained in 10-20%.

Fig. 3 represents drawing based on the measurement result obtained in test of the abrasion of the elevator rope lubricated by different way Curve chart.Curve p1 and p2 represents the rope lubricated with the paraffin according to prior art, and curve n1 and n2 represents with according to this The rope of lubricant 8 lubrication of invention.The abrasion of this rope carries out testing so that rope is at rope sheave by testing equipment Groove is driven back and forth and the abrasion of rope is judged from the reduction of the diameter of rope.

Can see from Fig. 3, initially rope p1 and p2 just over 4 millimeters thick and by lubricant based on paraffin lubrication exists After about 1,000,000 test number (TN)s, their diameter tapers to 3.9 millimeters.After 1,500,000 test number (TN)s, rope p1 Seem that they have been unsuitable for this purpose with p2.On the other hand, the rope lubricated with the lubricant 8 according to the present invention N1 and n2, as it is shown on figure 3, even do not have substantial wear during 5,000,000 test number (TN)s.

Fig. 4 show the coefficient of friction of the grooving of traction sheave 4 with the lubricant based on paraffin according to prior art Lubrication steel cable p1 and with according to the present invention lubricant 8 lubricate steel cable n1 slip percent between relation based on reality Test the curve chart that the measurement result obtained in room is drawn.Therefore situation shown here is that two obtained by experiment are supported each other By the effective friction coefficient between the object of slip rather than the specific coefficient of friction of homogenous material.

From this curve chart it can be seen that, in the situation of steel cable lubricated with the lubricant based on paraffin according to prior art Under, it is represented by the curve p1 of Fig. 4, and effective friction coefficient rose linearly and relatively sharp in the starting stage slided.When During slip about 0.3%, the increase of effective friction coefficient has slowed down, in this stage present about 0.08.Afterwards, slip is worked as During increase, the rising of effective friction coefficient slows down the most faster and no longer increases after the limit range of about 0.1 at this Greatly, even if increase of sliding is more.In this case, situation is, elevator rope has been out grasping in the groove of traction sheave 4 Power.

Correspondingly, in the case of the steel cable lubricated with the lubricant 8 according to the present invention, it is by the curve n1 table in Fig. 4 Showing, effective friction coefficient is also linear in the starting stage slided and relatively rises sharp.When increasing when sliding, effectively rub Coefficient now also continues to it and increases, and substantially linearly increases to more higher than the effective friction coefficient of the rope represented by curve p1 Value.For the rope n1 lubricated with the lubricant 8 according to the present invention, when increasing when sliding, effective friction coefficient reaches about The value of 0.14.In this case, just in case there is fortuitous event, traction sheave 4 keeps significantly larger clamping to retain, and compares 0.1 bigger value, the value of the most about 0.14, can be used for the effective friction coefficient in size design.This can make to realize higher Rope force T_CAR/T_CTWRatio, in this case, it is possible to realize less moving-mass, it further result of this is that less adding Turn of speed, more low energy consumption and less loss.It addition, material can be saved.

Clearly confirmed that, due to a high proportion of thickening agent being included in lubricant 8, by profit by test as above The life-span of the elevator rope of the lubricant lubrication of the life-span ratio prior art of the elevator suspension rope 3 of lubrication prescription 8 lubrication is notable more Long, it addition, the coefficient of friction between rope 3 and traction sheave 4 is more than the situation when using traditional lubricant, this can make More advantage during size design.

Especially, it is that described elevator setting is useful comprises thickening agent according to a characteristic aspect of the elevator of the present invention The suspension rope 3 of lubricant 8 lubrication, the loading material of described rope is metal, such as steel.Profit in the suspension rope 3 of elevator Thickening agent in lubrication prescription includes the suitable above-mentioned percentage ratio of the gross mass of lubricant 8.It addition, lubricant 8 can comprise aforesaid Binding agent and other additive.

The further spy of the purposes of the rope that the aforesaid lubricant 8 comprising thickening agent is woven by metal wire for lubrication Levy and be, for the solution according to the present invention.

It is apparent to those skilled in the art that different embodiments of the invention are not limited in example as above, But they can change in scope presented below.Thus, such as, the composition of lubricant and the mixing ratio of different component also may be used It is different from above-described.

Similarly, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that replacement artificial oil, be suitable for mineral oil or the plant of this purpose Oil can also be used as the oil in lubricant.

To those skilled in the art further it is evident that the coating of rope wire of suspension rope also may be used with etch-proof zinc To be thickening agent, i.e. necessary solid additive.

Claims (8)

1. a traction sheave elevator, at least includes lift car (1) and for making many suspension ropes of elevator cab movement Rope (3), this rope is directed to walk around the traction sheave (4) being provided with elevator, and this suspension rope (3) is the suspension rope of steel wire And with lubricator (8) are lubricated, wherein the lubricant (8) of the suspension rope (3) of the steel wire of this elevator at least include oil and Thickening agent, it is characterised in that the described thickening agent in lubricant (8) includes the material softer than the steel of the suspension rope of steel wire The solid additive of one or more particulates, wherein the content of the thickening agent in lubricant (8) is the quality of lubricant (8) 30-85%.

Traction sheave elevator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described traction sheave elevator includes counterweight (2).

Traction sheave elevator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the content of the thickening agent in lubricant (8) is The 65-75% of the quality of lubricant (8).

4. according to the traction sheave elevator one of Claim 1-3 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that the suspension rope of the steel wire of this elevator Thickening agent in the lubricant (8) of rope (3) comprises calcium carbonate, Gypsum Fibrosum, Talcum, calcite, fluorite or apatite.

5. according to the traction sheave elevator one of Claim 1-3 Suo Shu, it is characterised in that the suspension rope of the steel wire of this elevator The lubricant (8) of rope (3) comprises oil, and wherein the amount of this oil is the 15-70% of quality of lubricant (8).

Traction sheave elevator the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the amount of this oil is the quality of lubricant (8) 20-30%.

7. according to Claim 1-3, one of 6 described traction sheave elevators, it is characterised in that the suspention of the steel wire of this elevator The lubricant (8) of rope (3) comprises binding agent in addition to oil and thickening agent, and the amount of this binding agent is equal to or less than lubricant (8) the 10% of quality.

8. the purposes of lubricant (8), described lubricant at least includes oil and thickening agent, the wherein described increasing in lubricant (8) The solid additive of thick dose of one or more particulates including the material softer than the steel of the suspension rope of steel wire, wherein lubricant (8) content of the thickening agent in is the 30-85% of the quality of lubricant (8), comprises the metal as loading material for lubrication The suspension rope (3) of steel wire.