Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Si carbon-base composite material, cathode pole piece and lithium ion battery and cathode pole piece thereof, suppresses battery in the generation of alloying process volumetric expansion, obtains the lithium ion battery that cycle performance is excellent.
The present invention proposes a kind of Si carbon-base composite material, is applied to lithium ion battery, and described Si carbon-base composite material is prepared from by following steps, each component that following steps relate to by weight:
Step one, concentration 0.5-2 part graphene powder being added 2000 parts are in the diluted acid of 0.05-1 mol/L, stir 2-72 hour, ultrasonic disperse 5-60 minute, obtain Monolayer Dispersion graphene solution;
Step 2, in above-mentioned Monolayer Dispersion graphene solution, add 0.1-1 part silicon nano material, add particle diameter is 0.5-10 millimeter zirconium ball simultaneously, and zirconium ball and mixed solution weight ratio are 1:5, ball milling 2-24 hour, forms stable suspersion solution;
Step 3, the stable suspersion solution of gained to be filtered, obtain filtrate, to described filtrate washing, be then placed under vacuum bad border dry, obtain Si carbon-base composite material;
Described silicon nano material comprises one or more of following component: one-dimensional nano line, bidimensional nanobelt.
Preferably, described diluted acid comprises one or more of following component: hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acid.
Preferably, described Si carbon-base composite material, the stirring adopted in step one is magnetic agitation, and speed of agitator is 10-1000 rev/min.
The present invention separately proposes a kind of lithium ion battery, comprises battery container, is provided with battery in this battery container; Described battery comprises the diaphragm bag of one end open, and diaphragm bag, built with the two-sided cathode pole piece of a band lug, is provided with the two-sided anode pole piece of a band lug between two adjacent diaphragm bags; One side anode pole piece is respectively equipped with outside the diaphragm bag at battery two ends; The lug of two-sided cathode pole piece is placed in the side of battery, and the lug of one side anode pole piece and two-sided anode pole piece is placed in the opposite side of battery; Described two-sided cathode pole piece top and bottom are provided with the mixed coating including Si carbon-base composite material; The one side that described one side anode pole piece and diaphragm bag are affixed and described two-sided anode pole piece top and bottom are provided with positive electrode coating; Described Si carbon-base composite material is above-described Si carbon-base composite material.
The present invention separately proposes a kind of lithium ion battery negative electrode, comprises the negative current collector of a band lug, and the top and bottom of this negative current collector include the mixed coating of Si carbon-base composite material; Described Si carbon-base composite material is above-described Si carbon-base composite material.
A kind of Si carbon-base composite material provided by the present invention, lithium ion battery and cathode pole piece thereof, described Si carbon-base composite material have excellent conductivity, storage, capacity high, there is certain expansion space; Therefore adopt scribble this Si carbon-base composite layer battery pole piece expansion rate reduce, capacity is high, cyclicity good, long service life.
Embodiment
See Fig. 1,2,3,4,5,6, propose a kind of lithium ion battery one embodiment of the present invention, comprise battery container 100, in this battery container 100, be provided with battery 200; Described battery 200 comprises the diaphragm bag 210 of one end open, and diaphragm bag 210, built with the two-sided cathode pole piece 220 of a band lug 221, is provided with the two-sided anode pole piece 230 of a band lug 231 between two adjacent diaphragm bags 210; The one side anode pole piece 240 of a band lug 241 is respectively equipped with outside the diaphragm bag 210 at battery 200 two ends; The lug 221 of two-sided cathode pole piece 220 is placed in the side of battery 200, and lug 241 and the lug 231 of two-sided anode pole piece 230 of one side anode pole piece 240 are placed in the opposite side of battery 200; Described two-sided cathode pole piece 220 top and bottom are provided with the mixed coating including Si carbon-base composite material; The one side that described one side anode pole piece 240 and diaphragm bag 210 are affixed and described two-sided anode pole piece 230 top and bottom are provided with positive electrode coating.
Wherein, described cathode pole piece 250 comprises the negative current collector of a band lug 251, and the described mixed coating containing Si carbon-base composite material is coated on the top and bottom of negative current collector.
The preparation process of the lithium ion battery in above-described embodiment is as follows:
Step one, prepares anode pole piece, cathode pole piece and diaphragm bag;
Step 2, cathode pole piece is put into diaphragm bag, and multiple diaphragm bag that cathode pole piece is housed neatly is stacked together, make the lug of all cathode pole pieces be in the side of battery;
Step 3, between adjacent two diaphragm bags, insert anode pole piece, and make the lug of all anode pole pieces be in the opposite side of battery;
Step 4, outside the diaphragm bag at two ends, stick an one side anode pole piece, the one side making this one side anode pole piece scribble positive electrode coating is affixed with diaphragm bag, and the same side that the lug of one side anode pole piece and the lug of anode pole piece are in, obtain core of lithium ion cell;
Step 5, on core of lithium ion cell rubberizing paper, then top side seal, vacuumize, fluid injection carried out to core of lithium ion cell, leave standstill, change into, partial volume, obtain lithium ion battery.
Wherein, anode pole piece preparation process is: positive electrode active materials of living, conductive carbon s (uper-P), binding agent PVDF mix, and are then coated on the aluminium foil of 16 micron thickness, dries, roll-in, is die-cut into the cathode pole piece of band lug as shown in Figure 1.
Cathode pole piece preparation process is: 95 parts of Si carbon-base composite materials, 2.5 parts of butadiene-styrene rubber breasts (SBR), 1.5 parts of methylcellulose (CMC), 1 part of super-P are joined in appropriate deionized water and be mixed to form uniform mixture, then mixture is coated on the Copper Foil of 9 micron thickness, and by Copper Foil drying, roll-in, be finally die-cut into the cathode pole piece of band lug as described in Figure 1.
Diaphragm bag manufacturing process is: cut barrier film, and the diaphragm bag of three edge-sealing one end open is made on boiling hot limit.
Below that embodiment prepared by Si carbon-base composite material in above-mentioned lithium ion battery
Embodiment 1
Step one, prepare Graphene:
It is in the sulfuric acid of 98% that 10 grams of graphite powders are added 250 ml concns, and under ice-water bath cooling condition, add 30 grams of potassium permanganate formation mixed solutions, stirs 2 hours, afterwards this mixed solution is placed in 95 ± 2 DEG C of water-baths reactions 30 minutes; 1000 ml deionized water are added in said mixture, solution to be mixed add again after naturally cooling to room temperature 50 ml concns be 30% hydrogen peroxide react 10 minutes, generating glassy yellow graphite oxide sediment, is the schematic appearance of the graphite oxide of the present embodiment see Fig. 7, Fig. 7; With the hydrochloric acid of 1 mol/L, sediment is washed, until sulfate radical-free ion in filtrate; Sediment after washing is dried, is then placed in 1000 DEG C of Muffle furnaces, and heat treatment 30 seconds in nitrogen protection atmosphere, make graphite oxide slough oxy radical and stripping of expanding, obtain black graphene powder.
Step 2, prepare Si carbon-base composite material
The graphene powder adding 2 grams of above-mentioned preparations in the watery hydrochloric acid of 2000 milliliter of 0.5 mol/L stirs 72 hours, and ultrasonic disperse 30 minutes forms uniform Monolayer Dispersion graphene solution; 0.5 gram of silicon nanowires is added in above-mentioned Monolayer Dispersion graphene solution, mechanical agitation 30 minutes, then mixed solution is loaded shape celestial body grinding machine, add the zirconium ball that 500 gram particle footpaths are 0.5-10 millimeter, ball milling 4 hours simultaneously, form stable suspersion solution, stable suspersion solution is carried out filtration and obtain sediment, with deionized water washing sediment 3 times, then sediment is dry under being placed in 60 DEG C of vacuum environments, obtains Si carbon-base composite material.Described Si carbon-base composite material has stacked accumulation microstructure, is the microstructure schematic diagram of Si carbon-base composite material prepared by the present embodiment see Fig. 8, Fig. 8.
Performance test
(1), the test of reversible specific capacity and efficiency first
In 250 grams of deionized waters, add the Si carbon-base composite material of 95 grams of above-mentioned preparations, 2.5 grams of butadiene-styrene rubber breast SBR, 1.5 grams of CMC CMC, 1 gram of conductive agent Super-p, stir and form uniform mixture; Mixture is coated on the thick Copper Foil of 9um and makes cathode pole piece, toast 24 hours under this cathode pole piece being placed in 85 DEG C of vacuum environments, control cathode pole piece water content at below 150ppm.
The anode pole piece that the cathode pole piece of upper making, metal lithium sheet are made, polypropylene microporous barrier film, and 1M LiPF
6, the electrolyte that EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 (volume ratio) forms is assembled into simulated battery.Then with 0.2mA/cm
2current density, voltage window is 0.02-2.0V, carries out constant current charge-discharge test to simulated battery, and this simulated battery reversible specific capacity and first efficiency are the cyclic curve figure of simulated battery in the present embodiment see table 1 and Fig. 9, Fig. 9.
(2), cycle performance test
With the cathode pole piece of above-mentioned making be negative pole, with LiMn
1/3ni
1/3co
1/3o
2for the active material of anode pole piece, with 1M LiPF
6, EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 solution is electrolyte, is that barrier film is made into soft-package battery with microporous polypropylene membrane.With 0.5C constant current constant voltage, cut-ff voltage 4.2V, constant voltage cut-off current 0.05C, leave standstill, with 0.5C constant-current discharge, cut-ff voltage 3.0V, the cycle performance parameter of this soft-package battery be see table 1.
Embodiment 2
The first step, identical with embodiment 1.
Second step, 2000 milliliters, concentration is the graphene powder adding 0.5 gram of above-mentioned preparation in the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.05 mol/L, stir 36 hours, ultrasonic disperse 5 minutes, form uniform Monolayer Dispersion graphene solution; 0.1 gram of silicon nanowires is added in above-mentioned Monolayer Dispersion graphene solution, mechanical agitation 30 minutes, then mixed solution is loaded shape celestial body grinding machine, add the zirconium ball that 500 gram particle footpaths are 0.5-10 millimeter, ball milling 4 hours simultaneously, form stable suspersion solution, stable suspersion solution is carried out filtration and obtain sediment, with deionized water washing sediment 3 times, then sediment is dry under being placed in 60 DEG C of vacuum environments, obtain Si-C composite material, this Si carbon-base composite material has stacked accumulation microstructure.
Performance test
(1), the test of reversible specific capacity and efficiency first
In 250 ml deionized water, add the Si carbon-base composite material of 95 grams of above-mentioned preparations, 2.5 grams of butadiene-styrene rubber breast SBR, 1.5 grams of CMC CMC, 1 gram of conductive agent Super-p, stir and form uniform mixture; Cathode pole piece made by Copper Foil mixture being coated in 9 micron thickness, this cathode pole piece to be placed under 85 DEG C of vacuum environments baking 24 hours, to control cathode pole piece water content at below 150ppm.
The anode pole piece that the cathode pole piece of upper making, metal lithium sheet are made, polypropylene microporous barrier film, and 1MLiPF
6, the electrolyte that EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 (percentage) forms is assembled into simulated battery.Then with 0.2mA/cm
2current density, voltage window is 0.02-2.0V, carries out constant current charge-discharge test to simulated battery, and this simulated battery reversible specific capacity and first efficiency are see table 1.
(2), cycle performance test
With the cathode pole piece of above-mentioned making be negative pole, with LiMn
1/3ni
1/3co
1/3o
2for positive pole, with 1MLiPF
6, EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 solution is electrolyte, is barrier film, is made into soft-package battery with microporous polypropylene membrane.With 0.5C constant current constant voltage, cut-ff voltage 4.2V, constant voltage cut-off current 0.05C, leave standstill, with 0.5C constant-current discharge, cut-ff voltage 3.0V, the cycle performance parameter of this soft-package battery be see table 2.
Embodiment 3
The first step is identical with embodiment
Second step, at 2000 ml concns be 1.0 mol/L solution in add the graphene powder of 1 gram of above-mentioned preparation, stir 2 hours, ultrasonic disperse 60 minutes, form uniform Monolayer Dispersion graphene solution; In above-mentioned Monolayer Dispersion graphene solution, add the zirconium ball that 0.5 gram of nano silicon particles, 0.5 gram of silicon nanowires and 500 gram particle footpaths are 0.5-10 millimeter, by shape celestial body grinding machine ball milling 4 hours, form stable suspersion solution; Stable suspersion solution is carried out filtration and obtain sediment, with deionized water washing sediment 3 times, dry under then sediment being placed in 60 DEG C of vacuum environments, obtain Si carbon-base composite material.
Performance test
(1), the test of reversible specific capacity and efficiency first
In 250 ml deionized water, add the Si carbon-base composite material of 95 grams of above-mentioned preparations, 2.5 grams of butadiene-styrene rubber breast SBR, 1.5 grams of CMC CMC, 1 gram of conductive agent Super-p, stir and form uniform mixture; Cathode pole piece made by Copper Foil mixture being coated in 9 micron thickness, this cathode pole piece to be placed under 85 DEG C of vacuum environments baking 24 hours, to control cathode pole piece water content at below 200ppm.
The anode pole piece that the cathode pole piece of upper making, metal lithium sheet are made, polypropylene microporous barrier film, and 1MLiPF
6, the electrolyte that EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 (percentage) forms is assembled into simulated battery.Then with 0.2mA/cm
2current density, voltage window is 0.02-2.0V, carries out constant current charge-discharge test to simulated battery, and this simulated battery reversible specific capacity and first efficiency are see table 1.
(2), cycle performance test
With the cathode pole piece of above-mentioned making be negative pole, with LiMn
1/3ni
1/3co
1/3o
2for the active material of anode pole piece, with 1M LiPF
6, EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 solution is electrolyte, is that barrier film is made into soft-package battery with microporous polypropylene membrane.With 0.5C constant current constant voltage, cut-ff voltage 4.2V, constant voltage cut-off current 0.05C, leave standstill, with 0.5C constant-current discharge, cut-ff voltage 3.0V, the cycle performance parameter of this soft-package battery be see table 2.
Comparative example 4
The first step, identical with embodiment 1.
Second step, identical with embodiment 1.
Performance test
(1), the test of reversible specific capacity and efficiency first
In 250 grams of deionized waters, add the Si carbon-base composite material of 95 grams of above-mentioned preparations, 2.5 grams of butadiene-styrene rubber breast SBR, 1.5 grams of CMC CMC, 1 gram of conductive agent Super-p stir and form uniform mixture; Cathode pole piece made by Copper Foil mixture being coated in 9 micron thickness, this cathode pole piece is carried out drying.
With the cathode pole piece of above-mentioned making be negative pole, with anode pole piece LiMn
1/3ni
1/3co
1/3o
2for positive electrode active materials, polypropylene microporous barrier film, and 1 mol/L LiPF
6, the electrolyte that EC:DMC:EMC=1:1:1 (percentage) forms is made into soft-package battery.
According to common lithium battery coiling around production process, positive/negative plate through winding, drying, fluid injection, seal, change into, partial volume, standing, be made into the soft-package battery of winding-structure.With 0.5C constant current constant voltage, cut-ff voltage 4.2V, constant voltage cut-off current 0.05C, leave standstill, with 0.5C constant-current discharge, cut-ff voltage 3.0V, the cycle performance parameter of this soft-package battery is see table 2.
As from the foregoing: the gram volume of the Si carbon-base composite material therefore synthesized is far above the theoretical capacity of graphite material, and efficiency is higher first, to make cycle performance of battery good.The battery simultaneously adopting this pole piece structure to design is compared common winding-structure cell expansion rate and is obviously reduced, and cycle performance of battery is more excellent.
Above-described embodiment 1-3, and comparative example 4 is prepared hydrochloric acid that Si carbon-base composite material adopts and can one or more of following component be replaced: sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, organic acid.
Above-described embodiment 1-3, and comparative example 4 is prepared in Si carbon-base composite material, the stirring adopted is magnetic agitation, and speed of agitator is 10-1000 rev/min.
Above-described embodiment 1-3, and comparative example 4 is prepared silicon nano material that Si carbon-base composite material adopts and is comprised one or more of following component: one-dimensional nano line, bidimensional nanobelt, nanoscale twins, this nanoscale twins is single or multiple lift.
Should be understood that; these are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; can not therefore limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every utilize specification of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Table 1:
Table 2: