CN102889471B - Centralized gas supply station for pipeline special for civil dimethyl ether gas and gas supply method thereof - Google Patents
Centralized gas supply station for pipeline special for civil dimethyl ether gas and gas supply method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a centralized gas supply station for a pipeline special for civil dimethyl ether gas and a gas supply method thereof. The gas supply method comprises the following steps of: conveying liquid dimethyl ether to a gas supply station by a manufacturer through a tank vehicle or a pipeline, storing the liquid dimethyl ether in a storage tank, converting the liquid dimethyl ether into gaseous dimethyl ether through a special gasification process, and conveying the gaseous dimethyl ether to each user through a pressure-resistant seamless steel tube. Due to the adoption of a centralized gasified gas supply mode, great convenience is brought to residents, the energy is saved, the leakage is reduced, and the centralized gas supply station is convenient to manage and safe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel gas centralized gas supply station for a special gas pipeline and a gas supply method thereof, in particular to a centralized gas supply station for a special civil dimethyl ether gas pipeline and a gas supply method thereof.
Background
Dimethyl ether (abbreviated as DME) is a kind of fuel gas, and can completely replace liquefied petroleum gas (abbreviated as LPG) containing propane as a main component and natural gas (abbreviated as LNG) containing methane as a main component. Due to the molecular structure characteristics of the dimethyl ether, the dimethyl ether has more advantages than liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas:
firstly, the combustion temperature is high. The combustion temperature of the liquefied petroleum gas is about 2000 ℃, the combustion temperature of the dimethyl ether is 2250 ℃, because the dimethyl ether contains oxygen, closed combustion is formed, during combustion, the required air (oxygen) amount is less than that of the two, and the heat required by the premixed heat is less, so the actual combustion temperature is more than two hundred ℃ higher than that of the two;
secondly, the cleanliness is high. In nature, the natural dimethyl ether is very little, and only synthesis gas (the main components are CO and H)2A little CH4) The product of industrial production has few non-combustible impurities, and the liquefied petroleum gas and natural gas are both from the deep layer of the crust through millions of years of chemical and physical evolution processes and contain more non-combustible substances. So dimethyl ether is a highly clean fuel (gas);
and thirdly, the pressure is lower. The pressure of the liquefied petroleum gas at 20 ℃ is 0.81MPa, the pressure of the natural gas at 20 ℃ is 4.6MPa, and the pressure of the dimethyl ether at 20 ℃ is 0.54MPa, so that the dimethyl ether is safer in storage, transportation and use;
fourthly, the combustion is thorough without blackening the bottom of the pan; fifthly, the production cost is low and can be accepted by users; sixthly, the universality is strong, and the combustion appliance of the liquefied petroleum gas or the natural gas is slightly improved, thus being capable of being used as the combustion appliance of the dimethyl ether.
The traditional (steel) bottled liquefied petroleum gas is directly burnt on a burner (stove) only in the past fifty years, the history of pipeline natural gas is shorter, and the dimethyl ether as the fuel gas becomes hot due to the development of coal chemical industry and the advantages of the dimethyl ether, so that the trend is great.
At present, few domestic civil petroleum liquefied gas pipeline transportation application technical examples exist, the civil natural gas pipeline application technology is in a development stage, particularly the civil pipeline dimethyl ether technology is still in a starting stage, and no mature practical experience exists abroad. A great deal of basic work is done on the research of dimethyl ether gas pipeline transportation technology, particularly on the aspects of vaporization technology, automatic control detection technology, equipment application and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a concentrated gas supply station for a pipeline special for civil dimethyl ether gas and a gas supply method thereof.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
the utility model provides a civilian dimethyl ether gas dedicated pipeline centralized gas supply station, includes: the upper part of the storage tank is connected with a gas phase pipeline through a gas phase valve and then connected with a user indoor branch pipe, the lower part of the storage tank is connected with a liquid phase pipeline through a liquid phase valve, the liquid phase pipeline is divided into two parallel passages, one passage is connected with a compressor or a pump through a valve and enters the storage tank, the other passage is connected with an automatic control system and a vaporization device and then is connected with the user indoor branch pipe, and a radiator or a radiating pipe is arranged in the storage tank.
Wherein, a buffer tank is connected between the storage tank and the compressor or the pump.
Wherein, the upper part of the storage tank is connected with a bypass pipe through a bypass valve and then is connected into a branch pipe in a user room.
The automatic control system comprises an automatic control valve, an inductor, a temperature regulator, a pressure regulator or a flow regulator and the inductor which are connected in sequence, and a temperature rise device is installed in the vaporizing device.
The gas phase pipeline is divided into a gas phase main pipe and an auxiliary pipeline, and the liquid phase pipeline is divided into a liquid phase main pipe and an auxiliary pipeline; preferably, the liquid phase header pipe adopts a national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, and the diameter of the pipeline is DN 50-300 mm; the gas-phase main pipe adopts a national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, and the diameter of the pipeline is DN 125-300 mm; the auxiliary pipeline adopts a national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, and the diameter of the pipeline is DN 6-50 mm.
A gas supply method for a civil dimethyl ether gas special pipeline centralized gas supply station is characterized in that liquid dimethyl ether is delivered to the gas supply station and stored in a storage tank, the liquid dimethyl ether is changed into gaseous dimethyl ether by adopting a vaporization process, and then the gaseous dimethyl ether is delivered to each user through a pipeline.
The delivery method comprises the following steps: by a method of unloading a tank car or a method of receiving extra dimethyl ether, wherein,
the tank unloading vehicle comprises the following steps:
(1) the gas-phase rubber pipe and the liquid-phase rubber pipe on the tank car are respectively connected into a gas-phase main pipe and a liquid-phase main pipe in the system,
(2) firstly opening a gas phase valve on the storage tank and a gas phase valve on the tank car, connecting the two gas phase pipes, then opening a liquid phase inlet valve on the storage tank and a liquid phase valve on the tank car,
(3) opening the outlet valve and the inlet valve of the compressor in sequence, starting up,
(4) liquid dimethyl ether in the tank wagon enters a storage tank through a flowmeter,
(5) after finishing, the gas phase valve of the storage tank, the liquid phase inlet valve, the gas phase valve of the tank car, the liquid phase valve of the tank car, the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the compressor are sequentially closed;
the method for receiving the extra-terrestrial dimethyl ether is characterized in that the dimethyl ether supplied by manufacturers or other professional gas stations is input into a storage tank through a pipeline.
Wherein the vaporization process is selected from any one or combination of a natural vaporization method, a heating vaporization method and a compressor vaporization method, wherein,
the natural vaporization method is characterized in that a plurality of storage tanks are built, the total volume of expansion spaces of the storage tanks is 400-500 times or more than the volume of daily gas and liquid, gas is supplied by natural vaporization, and the environment temperature is kept higher than the dew point temperature of dimethyl ether;
the heating vaporization method is characterized in that a vaporization device with a heat preservation layer is arranged to control the flow velocity of liquid dimethyl ether, a control system for cascade regulation of outlet temperature and flow of gaseous dimethyl ether or a control system for cascade regulation of dimethyl ether gas outlet temperature and outlet pressure is adopted to maintain the gas phase temperature of the vaporization device at 15-50 ℃, and the liquid dimethyl ether is vaporized.
The compressor vaporization method is selected from any one of a compressor forced circulation vaporization method, a centrifugal or vane type pump forced circulation vaporization method, a heat pump vaporization method or a method for starting the compressor at fixed time.
Wherein,
the compressor forced circulation vaporization method is characterized in that a compressor is used, a control system for cascade regulation of outlet temperature and flow of gaseous dimethyl ether or a control system for cascade regulation of outlet temperature and outlet pressure of dimethyl ether gas phase is adopted, the temperature of the gas phase outlet of a storage tank is kept at 15-50 ℃, and liquid dimethyl ether is vaporized.
The centrifugal or vane type pump forced circulation vaporization method is characterized in that a centrifugal or vane type pump is used, a control system for cascade regulation of outlet temperature and flow of gaseous dimethyl ether or a control system for cascade regulation of outlet temperature and outlet pressure of dimethyl ether gas phase is adopted, the temperature of the gas phase outlet of a storage tank is kept at 15-50 ℃, and liquid dimethyl ether is vaporized.
The heat pump vaporization method is characterized in that a heat pump is used, a control system for cascade regulation of outlet temperature and flow of gaseous dimethyl ether or a control system for cascade regulation of outlet temperature and outlet pressure of dimethyl ether gas phase is adopted, the outlet temperature of the gas phase of a storage tank is kept at 15-50 ℃, and liquid dimethyl ether is vaporized.
The method for starting the compressor at fixed time comprises the steps of calculating the time required to operate and the time of an interval according to the daily or hourly evaporation capacity, the space volume of the storage tank and the power of the compressor, then calculating the daily starting frequency, and starting or stopping the compressor when the time is up under the command of a control system.
In addition, the gas supply method of the civil dimethyl ether gas special pipeline centralized gas supply station also comprises residue extraction and recovery
The method comprises the steps of a step of transferring the dimethyl ether and a step of sending the dimethyl ether outside.
Wherein, the residue extraction and recovery steps are as follows:
respectively connecting a liquid phase pipe and a gas phase pipe of the transport tank car into a liquid phase main pipe and a gas phase main pipe in the gas supply station through loose joints, starting a compressor after a valve is opened, enabling residual liquid in a container to enter a storage tank of the transport tank car through a step of loading the tank car, and then conveying the residual liquid to a processing plant for reprocessing, wherein the container which is recovered by residue pumping is a storage tank or a steel cylinder;
the step of loading the tanker is selected from either of the following two methods;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) connecting a gas-phase rubber pipe on the tank car tank into the buffer tank, starting a compressor to evacuate the tank car tank, and directly communicating the gas phase in the tank to the storage tank through a flowmeter;
(2) opening a liquid phase outlet valve of the storage tank, and enabling the dimethyl ether liquid in the storage tank to enter the tank truck;
(3) after finishing, the outlet valve of the storage tank is closed, and then the liquid phase valve, the gas phase valve and the inlet and outlet valves of the compressor pump are closed.
The second method comprises the following steps:
and opening a gas phase valve on the storage tank and a gas phase valve on the tank wagon, connecting the two gas phase pipes, and pressing the liquid dimethyl ether in the storage tank into the tank wagon by liquid level difference.
In addition, the step of inverting the can is as follows:
(1) opening the gas phase valves of the two storage tanks and connecting;
(2) opening a liquid phase outlet valve of the storage tank, sequentially opening an outlet valve and an inlet valve of the compressor, starting the compressor, and enabling the liquid dimethyl ether to flow through the flowmeter and enter the storage tank;
(3) or closing the liquid phase outlet valve of the other storage tank, sequentially opening the outlet valve and the inlet valve of the compressor, the liquid phase outlet valve of the storage tank and starting the compressor, and enabling the liquid dimethyl ether to flow through the flowmeter and enter the other storage tank;
(4) and after finishing, closing the liquid phase outlet valve of the storage tank, the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the compressor, the liquid phase inlet of the other storage tank and the gas phase valve of the two storage tanks.
In addition, the transmission of the extra-terrestrial dimethyl ether is as follows: when the storage tank in the field is completely filled, the tank car tank and the steel cylinder are completely filled, and the dimethyl ether from the outside is remained, the dimethyl ether from the outside needs to be sent to other users or other professional gas stations.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the concentrated gas supply station of the civil dimethyl ether gas special pipeline is greatly convenient for residents, saves energy (the electric energy required by dispersed inflation is 4 times of that of concentrated gas supply), reduces leakage, is convenient to manage and is safer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic general view of a process flow of a civil dimethyl ether gas special pipeline centralized gas supply station designed by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a process flow for natural gasification gas transportation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of dimethyl ether gas outlet temperature and flow cascade regulation;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of dimethyl ether gas outlet temperature and pressure cascade regulation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of a process for delivering gas using a compressor;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of a centrifugal or vane pump gas delivery process;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a process flow for transporting gas using a heat pump.
Description of reference numerals: a medicineA full valve; secondly, storing the tank; ③ a flowmeter; compressor or pump; a pressure gauge; sixthly, tank car; ③ 0, an automatic control system; ③ 1/1-buffer tube; 2/2-automatic control valve; ③ 3/3-manual valve; 4/4, 4' -inductor; ③ 5/5-temperature regulator; seventhly/6-a flow regulator; seventhly/7-wiring of an automatic control system; seventhly/8-a pressure regulator; ③ 6-a vaporization device; ③ 7, a heat-insulating layer;-a steel cylinder;-loose joint;-a user indoor line;-a buffer reservoir;-temperature riser Δ t;-a liquid phase main;-a gas phase main;-a liquid phase hose;-a gas-phase hose;-off-site production plants or other professional gas stations;-other users or other stations outside the country;-a radiator or pipe;-a bypass pipe;-a bypass valve;-other auxiliary lines; 10-49-control valve.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a schematic general view of a process flow of a civil dimethyl ether gas special pipeline centralized gas supply station designed by the invention, and the process flow comprises the following steps: safety valve, storage tank, flowmeter, compressor or pump, pressure gauge, tank wagon and automatic control system, and inductorSeventhly/4 and seventhly/4' temperature regulatorSeventhly/5, flow regulatorSeventhly/6, pressure regulatorSeventhly/8, automatic control system wiring seventhly/7), buffer tube seventy/1, vaporizing device (b), insulating layer (c), manual valve (c/3) and steel cylinderLoose jointIndoor user distribution lineBuffer tankTemperature rising device delta tLiquid phase header pipeGas phase main pipeLiquid phase rubber pipeGas-phase rubber pipeRadiator or radiating pipeBypass pipeBypass valveOther auxiliary linesControlling the valves 10-49.
The upper part of the storage tank is provided with a safety valve and a pressure gauge, and the upper part of the storage tank is connected into a gas phase main pipe through a control valveThe lower part of the storage tank is connected with a liquid phase main pipeLiquid dimethyl ether passes through auxiliary pipelineEnters a compressor or a pump and passes through a liquid phase auxiliary pipeline with a pressure gaugeFlows through the flowmeters III and III' and enters the storage tank. The storage tank is internally provided with a radiator or a radiating pipe.
When the tank is loaded or unloaded, the tank is turned over and the steel cylinder is pumpedOr when the residual liquid of the storage tank and the tank are inverted, only the gas-phase rubber pipe on the tank car is neededLiquid phase rubber pipeBy loose jointRespectively connected to gas phase main pipeAnd liquid phase header pipeIn or out of buffer tankThen starting the compressor or pump, when heating and vaporizing, the liquid dimethyl ether is discharged from the lower part of the storage tank, enters the vaporizing device coated with the insulating layer through the automatic control system and passes through the temperature rising deviceHeating and vaporizing air outlet conveyingPipeline for userWhen the air is vaporized and fed by using a compressor or a pump (including a centrifugal or vane type pump) and a heat pump cycle, a heat radiator or a heat radiating pipe is arrangedThe heat energy is dissipated into the dimethyl ether in the storage tank to promote the dimethyl ether to be vaporized, and the redundant gaseous dimethyl ether after various vaporization modes can pass through the by-pass pipeBypass valveAnd returning to the storage tank.
In addition, 1m can be additionally arranged in the liquid phase auxiliary pipeline3Buffer tank ofCan conveniently evacuate tank cars or storage tanks, shorten pipelines and save materials.
The gas-phase main pipe is made of international 16Mn seamless steel pipes, the diameter of the pipeline is selected according to needs and is normally DN 125-300 mm; the indoor branch pipes of the users adopt national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipes, and the diameters of the pipelines are selected according to requirements and are normally DN 12-20 mm; the liquid phase header pipe adopts a national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, the diameter of the pipeline is selected according to the requirement, and the normal diameter is DN 50-300 mm; other unmarked auxiliary pipelines adopt national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipes, and the pipelines are selected as required and are normally DN 6-50 mm. The gas-phase and liquid-phase rubber tubes are made of polytetrafluoroethylene ethylene propylene diene monomer silicone rubber and the liquid-phase rubber tubeGas phase rubber pipe with pipe diameter DN 30-100 mmThe pipe diameter DN 20-80 mm.
The invention relates to a gas supply method for a civil dimethyl ether gas special pipeline centralized gas supply station, which is characterized in that liquid dimethyl ether is delivered to the gas supply station from a manufacturer through a tank car or a pipeline, stored in a storage tank, changed into gaseous dimethyl ether by adopting a vaporization process and then delivered to each user through a pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
firstly, dimethyl ether can be transported to a gas station through a tank car, and then the dimethyl ether in the tank car is unloaded and enters a storage tank; alternatively, the station may be provided separately, preferably by direct supply from other nearby professional gas stations (reception of dimethyl ether outside the world).
First, unloading the tank car
(1) Gas-phase rubber pipe on tank carLiquid phase rubber pipeGas phase main pipe respectively connected into the gas stationAnd liquid phase header pipeTo (1);
(2) when a compressor or a pump is used, firstly opening a gas phase valve 35 on a tank car tank and a gas phase valve 36 on a storage tank (No. I), connecting two gas phase pipes, then opening liquid phase valves 34, 40, 25 and 27 on the tank car, and starting the compressor or the pump, the liquid phase valve III, the valve 20 and the gas phase valve I to enter the storage tank (No. I); or the valve 37 is switched on, and the water enters the storage tank (No. II) through the valve 16, the flowmeter III', the valve 19 and the water inlet tank; or the valves 38 and 39 are switched on, and the mixture enters the storage tank (No. III) through the valve 18;
(3) or a compressor or a pump (R ') is used, valves 36 and 35 are switched on, valves 34, 40, 24 and 26 are opened (tank car liquid phase), the compressor or the pump (R') is started, the valve (16), the flowmeter (III), the valve (20) and the storage tank (I) are connected, or the valve (37), the flowmeter (III), the valve (19) and the storage tank (II) are connected, or the valves (38 and 39) are connected, the valve (18) and the storage tank (III) are connected.
Second, receiving step of outside dimethyl ether
A. From outside the country, manufacturing plants or other professional gas stationsDimethyl ether from the water enters a storage tank I through valves 14, 15 and 20, or enters the storage tank I through valves 14 and 12, a flowmeter III and the valve 20, or enters a storage tank II through valves 14, 12 and 16, the flowmeter III 'and a valve 19, or enters a storage tank III through valves 14, 12 and 16, the flowmeter III' and the valve 18; or the mixture enters a storage tank II through a valve 14, 15, 13, 12, 16, a flowmeter III' and a valve 19 or enters a storage tank III through a valve 18;
B. from outside the country, manufacturing plants or other professional gas stationsThe coming dimethyl ether enters a storage tank (No. II) through a valve 14, a valve 15, a valve 21, a valve 24, a compressor or a pump, a valve 26, a flowmeter, a valve 19 or a storage tank (No. III) through a valve 18; the waste water enters a storage tank (No. I) through valves 14, 11, 17, 28, 29 and 25, a compressor or a pump, a valve 27, a flowmeter and a valve 20.
Thirdly, the step of centralized vaporization and gas supply
The compressed dimethyl ether is in a saturated state in the storage tank and has a gas phase and a liquid phase. During the process of changing from gas state to liquid state, a large amount of heat is released, and during the process of changing from liquid state to gas state through throttling decompression, a large amount of heat is absorbed. The amount of heat released or absorbed (theoretically equivalent) is often referred to as the "latent heat of vaporization" (the latent heat of vaporization of dimethyl ether is 466.9KJ/kg at boiling point, converted to 112 kcal/kg). Throttling expansion, the volume of which is enlarged by about 400 times, and the temperature of the dimethyl ether is reduced because the gas molecules consume a part of internal energy of the gas molecules to overcome the pulling force, if the energy is not supplemented, the vaporization is stopped, and the vaporization amount of the dimethyl ether is determined by the difference between the initial temperature and the final temperature of the liquid phase during the vaporization (the larger the temperature difference is, the larger the vaporization amount is) and the amount of the liquid phase (the larger the vaporization amount is the larger the amount of the liquid phase). The natural vaporization mode of absorbing heat from the surrounding medium (such as the atmosphere) can seriously affect the gasification amount when meeting the peak of gas utilization or abnormal climate (such as severe winter season), and can not meet the demand of gas utilization amount. In order to maintain a certain amount of gasification and ensure stable and normal gas supply, certain energy (heat) is supplemented to the liquid dimethyl ether for gasification.
The vaporization method is various, and the adopted method is
1. Natural vaporization method gas supply:
the natural vaporization refers to a vaporization process in which liquid dimethyl ether absorbs its own latent heat or absorbs heat of the surrounding medium (atmosphere) from the wall of the vessel. During vaporization, the gas molecules consume a portion of their internal energy in order to overcome the pulling force between them, while their temperature drops and vaporization stops if no energy is replenished from the surroundings. The natural vaporization mode requires a large volume of expansion space. The natural vaporization method is characterized in that a plurality of storage tanks are built, the total volume of expansion spaces of the storage tanks is 400-500 times or more than the volume of daily gas and liquid, natural vaporization is carried out for gas supply, and the environment temperature is kept higher than the dew point temperature of dimethyl ether.
The gas station is calculated according to 360 households of 10 buildings (six floors) in a small community, wherein each household uses 1 kg of dimethyl ether (converted to 0.618 cubic meter) every day on average, and the maximum daily gas consumption of the community is designed to be 500 kg (309 cubic meters). The natural vaporization mode is adopted for gas supply, more than three (steel) storage tanks with expansion spaces not less than 400-500 cubic meters need to be established, the method is not economic, the one-time investment is large, and when the environmental temperature is lower than the dew point of dimethyl ether, vaporization becomes a problem. The method only uses gasIn the case of low valleys or intermittent air supply. See figure 2. When the gas phase temperature at the outlet of the buffer tank is within the range of 15-50 ℃, the control system does not operate, and when the gas phase temperature is less than or equal to 15 ℃ and the gas phase flow is less than or equal to 3700ml/s, the gas phase passes through the inductorTo a temperature regulatorByRetransmission flow regulatorRe-channel inductorFeeding back to the automatic control valve 23' to feed liquid, simultaneously operating the heat pump, vaporizing and supplying gas, and stopping feeding liquid by the automatic control valve and simultaneously stopping operating the heat pump when the temperature of a gas phase outlet is more than or equal to 50 ℃ and the flow is more than or equal to 8600 ml/s. The gas phase outlet temperature of the buffer tank is always kept between 15 and 50 ℃, and the gas phase flow rate is kept between 3700 and 8600 ml/s.
2. Gas supply by a heating vaporization method:
(1) is provided with a 1-3 m3The vaporization device adopts heat preservation coating prepared from graphite fiber, phenolic resin, lithium bentonite, sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, aniline methyl triethoxysilane and other materials as a heat preservation layer, and the thickness of the coating is 1-2 mm. Supplying gas in daytime, controlling the flow rate of dimethyl ether (liquid) to be 20-50 kg/hour (namely 5.6-14.0 g/s) to enter a vaporization device, and adopting a control system for cascade regulation of the gas phase outlet temperature and the flow of dimethyl ether gas of the vaporization device: when the liquid dimethyl ether is set to enter the vaporization device at the flow rate of 5.6-14.0 g/s, the liquid dimethyl ether is heated by the temperature rising device to be vaporized, when the temperature of the gas phase outlet is higher than the set value of 50 ℃, the gas phase passes through the inductor-c/4 to a temperature regulatorByRetransmission flow regulatorRe-channel inductorFeeding back to the automatic control valve (c 2) to stop feeding liquid, and stopping heating vaporization of the temperature rising device (delta t); when the gas phase temperature is lower than the set value by 15 ℃, the action of the seventh/2 is carried out, the liquid dimethyl ether enters the vaporization device at the flow rate of 5.6-14.0 g/s, and the temperature rising device delta t also starts to heat and vaporize. As long as the gas phase temperature of the vaporization device is kept within the range of 15-50 ℃, the vaporization amount is ensured. See figure 3.
The method has the advantages of simple operation and small investment, but the ratio between the temperature change value and the flow change value fluctuates greatly.
(2) Is provided with a 1-3 m3The vaporization device adopts heat preservation coating prepared from graphite fiber, phenolic resin, lithium bentonite, sodium hydroxymethyl cellulose, aniline methyl triethoxysilane and other materials as a heat preservation layer, and the thickness of the coating is 1-2 mm. The night gas supply adopts dimethyl ether (liquid) velocity of flow to be 5~10 kg/hour (1.5 ~3.0g/s promptly) entering vapourizing unit, adopts dimethyl ether gas outlet temperature and dimethyl ether gas outlet pressure cascade control's control system, sees figure 4: when the liquid dimethyl ether is set to enter a vaporization device through an automatic control valve (c/2) at a flow rate of 1.5-3.0 g/s, the liquid dimethyl ether is heated by a temperature rising device (delta t) to be vaporized to generate pressure, and when the temperature of a gas phase outlet is in a set value (50-60 ℃) range and the pressure of the gas phase outlet is not less than 0.8MPa, the gas phase passes through an inductor-c/4 transferring to a temperature regulator-seventhly/5, consisting ofRetransmission pressure regulatorSeventhly/8, passing through a sensorSeventhly/4' is fed back to the automatic control valve seventhly/2, the automatic control valve seventhly/2 is automatically closed, and meanwhile, the temperature rising device delta t stops heating vaporization; when the temperature of the gas phase outlet is in the range of a set value (25-15 ℃) and the pressure of the gas phase outlet is less than or equal to 0.2MPa, the automatic control valve (c/2) is automatically opened, liquid dimethyl ether enters the vaporization device at the flow rate of 1.5-3.0 g/s, and the temperature rising device (delta t) also starts to heat and vaporize. As long as the temperature of a gas phase outlet of the vaporization device is kept between 15 and 50 ℃ and the gas phase pressure is kept between 0.2 and 0.8MPa, the vaporization amount is also ensured.
Normally, the manual valve is in a normally open state, and only when the flow is more than 7000-8600 ml/s or the pressure is more than 0.6-0.8 MPa, the manual valve is adopted to lead the gas phase into an equipped 'empty storage tank' or a storage tank with the pressure lower than 0.2-0.6 MPa.
3. Compressor or pump gasification method supply:
(1) forced circulation of compressor vaporizes and supplies gas:
see figure 5: the liquid dimethyl ether enters a buffer tank through outlet valves 23, 46 and 42 of a storage tank (No. III)Vaporizing, entering compressor through 41', discharging from valve 26, and passing through auxiliary liquid phase pipeRadiator or pipe with valve 18 pressed into tank (III)The heat generated by the radiator or the radiating pipe is radiated into the liquid dimethyl ether in the storage tank, and the liquid dimethyl ether is heated and vaporized. Because the gas dimethyl ether is compressed in the compressor and changed into liquid, a large amount of heat (compression work) is released in the process of changing the gas phase into the liquid phase, so that the liquid dimethyl ether in the storage tank is continuously vaporized and volatilized to generate pressure, and the gas dimethyl ether is pushed to pass through the gas phase main pipeDelivered to the userWhen the gas is used in the valley, the excessive gas dimethyl ether passes through the by-pass pipeReturning to the storage tank (No. III) for storage. When the gas phase temperature in the storage tank (III) is more than or equal to 50 ℃ and the gas phase pressure is more than or equal to 0.8MPa, the designed automatic control system (a control system adopting cascade regulation of the dimethyl ether gas outlet temperature and the outlet pressure) sends an instruction, and the compressor (III) automatically stops running; when the gas peak is reduced to a set value (3700 ml/s), the temperature of a gas phase outlet in the storage tank is 15-50 ℃, and the gas phase pressure is less than or equal to 0.2MPa, the compressor is automatically started, and gas is continuously vaporized and delivered. The gas phase temperature in the storage tank is kept between 15 and 50 ℃ and the gas phase pressure is kept between 0.2 and 0.8MPa all the time. Or a control system for cascade regulation of the outlet temperature and the flow of the gaseous dimethyl ether is adopted, the gas-phase outlet temperature of the storage tank is kept between 15 and 50 ℃, and the gas-phase outlet flow is in the range of 3700 to 8600ml/s, so that the actual needs of users can be met.
The method that the gas phase in the storage tank directly enters the compressor (see the direction of a dotted arrow in the attached figure 5) can also be adopted, and a control system for cascade regulation of gas phase outlet temperature and pressure is adopted to keep the gas phase temperature in the storage tank at 15-50 ℃ and the gas phase pressure at 0.2-0.8 MPa.
The method for vaporizing liquid dimethyl ether by utilizing the heat released by the compression work of the compressor has three obvious advantages: firstly, energy is saved. The energy (heat) required by vaporization is compensated in time, the system is not easy to freeze, and meanwhile, the heat released by the compressor can be dissipated in time without an additional cooling system, so that the energy is effectively and scientifically (recycled); the flow is simple, the equipment is few, and the operating system forms a closed circulation system to eliminate leakage; and thirdly, the automation degree is high, the management and maintenance are convenient, and the safety and the reliability are realized.
(2) Air supply by means of pump (centrifugal or blade) circulation vaporization:
the liquid dimethyl ether in the storage tank passes through a centrifugal or vane type pump (the pump cavity of the pump is the place where the liquid dimethyl ether rotates and runs, the cylinder of the compressor is the place where the gaseous dimethyl ether reciprocates, the internal structures of the two are different) to form a circulation loop, and the fluid (the liquid dimethyl ether) conveyed by the pump forms the stirring action of vortex flow to vaporize the fluid, so that the dimethyl ether gas is pushed to be directly conveyed to a user through a gas phase pipe (see figure 6).
The liquid dimethyl ether is continuously vaporized to generate pressure by stirring of a pump impeller, a control system for cascade regulation of the gas phase outlet temperature and the outlet pressure of a storage tank is adopted, and when the gas phase outlet temperature is more than or equal to 50 ℃ and the outlet pressure is more than or equal to 0.8Mpa, the gas phase passes through an inductorTo a temperature regulatorByRetransmission pressure regulatorRe-channel inductorFeeding back to the automatic control valve to stop feeding liquid, stopping the pump from running (vaporizing),when the gas phase outlet temperature is less than or equal to 15 ℃ and the outlet pressure is less than or equal to 0.2Mpa, the automatic control valve starts to feed liquid, and the pump starts to operate to continue vaporization and gas supply. Keeping the gas phase outlet temperature at 15-50 ℃ and the outlet pressure at 0.2-0.8 MPa; or a control system for cascade regulation of outlet temperature and flow of the gaseous dimethyl ether is adopted, the gas-phase outlet temperature of the storage tank is kept between 15 and 50 ℃, and the gas-phase outlet flow can meet the actual needs of users (the data range of the flow to be disclosed). The gas phase outlet flow can meet the actual needs of users within the range of 3700-8600 ml/s.
This approach is suitable for small communities where gas usage is not significant.
(3) Supplying gas by a heat pump vaporization method:
the pump has the structural characteristics that the pump has double functions of compressing gas and conveying liquid, liquid dimethyl ether enters the heat pump from the storage tank, and one part of gaseous dimethyl ether is compressed and returns to the storage tank along with the other part of liquid dimethyl ether from the outlet of the heat pump under the action of pump internals (structure). The pipeline between the pump outlet and the storage tank is not suitable to be too long, so that the energy loss in the process is avoided, and 8-10 meters are selected. When the heat pump is in operation, dimethyl ether is pressurized to release heat, the heat is transferred to the liquid dimethyl ether in the storage tank to be vaporized to generate pressure, a control system for cascade regulation of the gas phase outlet temperature and the outlet pressure of the storage tank is adopted, and when the gas phase outlet temperature is not less than 50 ℃ and the outlet pressure is not less than 0.8Mpa, the gas phase passes through the inductorTo a temperature regulatorByIs then transmitted to the pressure regulatorRe-channel inductorFeeding back to the automatic control valve to stop liquid feeding, simultaneously stopping the heat pump from running (generating heat), when the temperature of a gas phase outlet is less than or equal to 15 ℃ and the outlet pressure is less than or equal to 0.2Mpa, starting liquid feeding by the automatic control valve, starting the heat pump to run (generating heat) to vaporize and supply gas, and always keeping the temperature of the gas phase outlet within the range of 15-50 ℃ and the outlet pressure within the range of 0.2-0.8 Mpa;
a control system for cascade regulation of the gas phase outlet temperature and the outlet pressure of the storage tank is adopted, the gas phase outlet temperature is kept between 15 ℃ and 50 ℃, and the outlet pressure is kept between 0.2MPa and 0.8 MPa; or a control system for cascade regulation of the outlet temperature and the flow of the gaseous dimethyl ether is adopted, the gas-phase outlet temperature of the storage tank is kept between 15 and 50 ℃, and the gas-phase outlet flow can meet the actual needs of users within the range of 3700 to 8600 ml/s. (see FIG. 7)
When the heat pump is operated, the working medium (dimethyl ether) is alternately expanded and compressed, the temperature is alternately reduced and increased, and the energy required by (vaporization) expansion is lower than that generated by compression, so that the energy can be accumulated in the process for the vaporization of the dimethyl ether. The method is a technical means for comprehensively utilizing heat energy and saving energy.
(4) The method for starting the compressor or the pump regularly vaporizes the supplied air:
the design principle of the method is that the time and the interval time needed to operate are calculated according to the evaporation amount (day or time), the space volume of the storage tank and the power of the compressor or the pump, then the times of starting the machine (pump) on day are calculated, and the machine is started or stopped when the times are instructed by the control system. The mode has poor adaptability to occasions with large gas consumption fluctuation, and when the set value of the gas consumption deviates far from the actual gas consumption, the heat (function) can not be compensated timely or partial heat (function) loss and waste can occur.
In addition, the concentrated gas supply station for the civil dimethyl ether gas special pipeline can also perform the following operation steps:
fourthly, the step of extracting the residue (recycling)
In a container (a steel bottle or a storage tank and the like) for containing the dimethyl ether for a long time, a certain amount of residual liquid can be generated after long-term accumulation, the residual liquid contains effective components such as methanol, dimethyl ether (existing in a form of dissolving in water) and the like, and the effective components need to be recycled, and the recycling operation is called 'residue extraction'. The residue extraction step is as follows: liquid phase rubber tube for container (such as tank car or steel cylinder)Gas-mixing rubber pipeBy loose jointLiquid phase main pipe respectively connected into systemAnd gas phase header pipeThe residual liquid in the tank car is pumped into the storage tank I through the valves 16, the flowmeter III' and the valve 19 to reach a certain storage amount, then discharged from the storage tank, and conveyed to a processing plant for further processing.
Wherein the step of discharging the residual dimethyl ether liquid from the storage tank and charging the residual dimethyl ether liquid into the tank wagon is selected from any one of the following two methods:
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) gas-phase rubber pipe on tank carAccess buffer slotLiquid phase rubber pipeLiquid phase main pipe connected into the gas station(via valve 40);
(2) sequentially opening valves 35, 25 and 27, starting a compressor or a pump (to evacuate the tank wagon, and feeding the tank wagon through a flowmeter (to) and valves 20, 22, 40 and 34; or through valve 16, flowmeter III', valve 19, 10, 40, 34, tank car tank; or through valves 18, 23, 40, 34, into the tank car;
(3) or using a compressor or a pump (R'), sequentially opening the valves 35, 41 and 16, starting the compressor or the pump (evacuating the tank car), and feeding the tank car into the tank car through the valve 16, the flowmeter (R), the valves 20, 22, 40 and 34; or through flowmeter III', valves 19, 10, 40, 34, tank car tank; or into the tank via valves 18, 23, 40, 34.
(4) After finishing, the outlet valve of the storage tank is closed, and then the liquid phase valve, the gas phase valve, the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the compressor of the tank are closed.
The second method comprises the following steps:
opening the gas phase valve on the storage tank and the gas phase valve on the tank wagon, connecting the two gas phase pipes, and pressing the residual liquid in the storage tank into the tank wagon by the liquid level difference. Although the method saves a little electric energy, the flow rate is slow, and the loading time is long.
Step five, can inverting
When a problem occurs in a storage tank in a gas station or repair or maintenance is required, dimethyl ether in the 'problem storage tank' must be poured into another storage tank, and thus one or more 'empty tanks' must be provided in the gas station to prevent a sudden accident.
The process of reladling comprises the following steps:
(1) gas phase main pipe access buffer tankOpening valves 36, 25, 27, starting compressor or pump, passing through valve 16, flowmeter, valve 19,22, pouring the dimethyl ether in the storage tank (II) into the storage tank (I); or starting a compressor or a pump, passing through a flowmeter and a valve 19,22. Pouring into a storage tank (No. I);
(2) gas phase main pipe access buffer tankOpening valves 37, 25 and 27, starting compressor or pump, passing through flowmeter, valves 20 and 22,Pouring the dimethyl ether in the storage tank (I) into a storage tank (II); or starting the compressor or the pump (C) through the valve 16, the flowmeter (C), the valves 20 and 22,Pouring the dimethyl ether in the storage tank (I) into a storage tank (II);
(3) by using the method, the dimethyl ether in the storage tank (I) or the storage tank (II) can be poured into the storage tank (III) by starting a compressor or a pump. Is very convenient and flexible.
Sixthly, sending out dimethyl ether outside
In addition, when the storage tank is fully filled, the tank car and the steel cylinder are filled, and the dimethyl ether from the outside is remained, the outside needs to be removedThe coming dimethyl ether is sent to other users or other special facilitiesGas stationThe method can be carried out according to the following operation steps: from outsideThe coming dimethyl ether enters a tank car through valves 14, 15, 21 and 24, a compressor or a pump, a valve 26, a flowmeter, valves 17, 32 and 34; or filling the bottle through the valve 31; or to other users or other professional gas stations via valves 28, 33
Example (b):
the small community of Xinyuan, Hebi city, has 10 buildings (6 stories), and 480 households in total, the BMW group produces dimethyl ether, the dimethyl ether is pulled to a gas supply station (about 1500 meters away from the community) by a tank truck, and the gas station directly and intensively supplies gas according to the process steps. The gas phase main pipe in the gas supply station adopts national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, DN130mm, the liquid phase main pipe adopts national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, DN80mm, the user indoor branch pipe adopts national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, DN16mm, and the auxiliary pipeline adopts national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, DN50 mm; the liquid phase rubber tube adopts polytetrafluoroethylene ethylene propylene diene monomer silicone rubber, DN80 mm; the gas-phase rubber tube adopts polytetrafluoroethylene ethylene propylene diene monomer silicone rubber, DN30 mm.
The gas supply station adopts the combination of a natural vaporization method, a compressor forced circulation vaporization method and a heat pump vaporization method. The process flow is as follows:
(1) the natural vaporization method comprises the following process flows:
the gas station is set at 500m33 storage tanks.
Liquid dimethyl ether is discharged from the storage tank and enters the buffer tank at the flow rate of 10 kilograms per hour (namely 3 grams per second), an automatic control system for regulating the temperature of a gas phase outlet and the flow of the outlet is adopted, and after natural vaporization, the gas phase is led out from the buffer tank and is conveyed to a user through a gas phase main pipe. Keeping the gas phase outlet temperature at 15-50 ℃ and the outlet flow rate at 1000-2000 ml/s.
(2) The compressor forced circulation vaporization process flow is as follows:
adopts a compressor with 4.5KW power and 2m heat dissipation area3The radiator or the radiating pipe adopts an automatic control system for cascade regulation of dimethyl ether gas phase outlet temperature and outlet pressure, and the gas phase outlet temperature is kept between 15 and 50 ℃ and the gas phase outlet pressure is kept between 0.2 and 0.8 MPa.
(3) The heat pump vaporization process flow comprises the following steps:
a heat pump with the power of 2.8kw and an automatic control system for cascade regulation of the dimethyl ether gas phase outlet temperature and the pressure are adopted, and the gas phase outlet temperature is kept between 15 ℃ and 50 ℃, and the gas phase outlet pressure is kept between 0.2MPa and 0.8 MPa.
The specific working method comprises the following steps: the work and rest time of the gas station: the compressor is forced to circulate to vaporize and supply air from 6: 00 in the morning to 22: 00 in the evening; air is supplied by a heat pump vaporization method from 22: 00 to 0: 00 at night; the natural vaporization method is adopted for supplying gas from 0: 00 to 6: 00 of the next day.
The concentrated gas supply station of the civil dimethyl ether gas special pipeline designed by the invention has stable and normal gas supply after running for more than one year, and is deeply favored by residents.
The above embodiments are merely exemplary and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a civilian dimethyl ether gas dedicated pipeline centralized gas supply station, includes: the upper part of the storage tank is connected with a gas phase pipeline through a gas phase valve and then connected with a user indoor branch pipe, the lower part of the storage tank is connected with a liquid phase pipeline through a liquid phase valve, the liquid phase pipeline is divided into two parallel passages, one passage is connected with a compressor or a pump through a valve and enters the storage tank, the other passage is connected with an automatic control system and a vaporization device and then is connected with the user indoor branch pipe, a radiator or a radiating pipe is arranged in the storage tank, and a buffer tank is connected between the storage tank and the compressor or the pump; the gas-phase rubber pipe and the liquid-phase rubber pipe on the tank car are respectively connected into the gas-phase main pipe and the liquid-phase main pipe, so that the dimethyl ether on the tank car can enter the storage tank through the compressor or the pump.
2. The station of claim 1, wherein the upper part of the storage tank is connected with a bypass pipe through a bypass valve and then connected to a branch pipe in a user room.
3. The station of claim 1, wherein the automatic control system comprises an automatic control valve, an inductor, a temperature regulator, a pressure regulator or a flow regulator and an inductor which are connected in sequence; a temperature rising device is arranged in the vaporizing device.
4. The station of claim 1, wherein the gas phase pipeline is divided into a gas phase main pipe and an auxiliary pipeline, and the liquid phase pipeline is divided into a liquid phase main pipe and an auxiliary pipeline; the liquid phase header pipe adopts a national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, and the diameter of the pipeline is DN 50-300 mm; the gas-phase main pipe adopts a national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, and the diameter of the pipeline is DN 125-300 mm; the auxiliary pipeline adopts a national standard 16Mn seamless steel pipe, and the diameter of the pipeline is DN 6-50 mm.
5. A gas supply method for a civil dimethyl ether gas special pipeline centralized gas supply station according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that liquid dimethyl ether is delivered to the gas supply station, stored in a storage tank, converted into gaseous dimethyl ether by adopting a vaporization process and then delivered to each user through a pipeline; the liquid dimethyl ether enters the buffer tank through the storage tank to be vaporized, then enters the compressor and then is pressed into the radiator or the radiating pipe in the storage tank, the heat generated by the radiator or the radiating pipe is radiated into the liquid dimethyl ether in the storage tank, and the liquid dimethyl ether is heated and vaporized;
the method for delivering the gas supply station is a method for unloading the tank car, wherein,
the tank unloading vehicle comprises the following steps:
(1) the gas-phase rubber pipe and the liquid-phase rubber pipe on the tank car are respectively connected into a gas-phase main pipe and a liquid-phase main pipe in the system,
(2) firstly opening a gas phase valve on the storage tank and a gas phase valve on the tank car, connecting the two gas phase pipes, then opening a liquid phase inlet valve on the storage tank and a liquid phase valve on the tank car,
(3) opening the outlet valve and the inlet valve of the compressor in sequence, starting up,
(4) liquid dimethyl ether in the tank wagon enters a storage tank through a flowmeter,
(5) after the operation is finished, the gas phase valve of the storage tank, the liquid phase inlet valve, the gas phase valve of the tank car, the liquid phase valve of the tank car, the inlet valve and the outlet valve of the compressor are sequentially closed.
6. The method for supplying gas to the station for centralized gas supply of civil dimethyl ether gas pipelines as claimed in claim 5, which comprises the steps of residue extraction and recovery, tank changing and delivery of the outside dimethyl ether.
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| CN103994321B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2015-12-09 | 北京金凯威通用机械有限公司 | Reciprocting piston compressor packing leaking protection gas distribution station |
| CN104595722A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-06 | 成都烃源科技有限责任公司 | DME (Dimethyl Ether) normal-temperature-modification transporting process for thick oil |
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| CN2145906Y (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1993-11-10 | 顾建平 | Civil pentane pipeline gas producer |
| CN1180150A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 1998-04-29 | 邵锐勋 | Pentane pipeline liquefied gas device |
| CN101649958A (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2010-02-17 | 贵州天福化工有限责任公司 | Air supply method for pipe network of dimethyl ether bottle group station |
| CN202791340U (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-03-13 | 鹤壁宝发能源科技股份有限公司 | Civil dimethyl ether fuel gas special pipeline concentrating gas supply station |
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| CN2145906Y (en) * | 1992-05-05 | 1993-11-10 | 顾建平 | Civil pentane pipeline gas producer |
| CN1180150A (en) * | 1996-04-23 | 1998-04-29 | 邵锐勋 | Pentane pipeline liquefied gas device |
| CN101649958A (en) * | 2009-09-07 | 2010-02-17 | 贵州天福化工有限责任公司 | Air supply method for pipe network of dimethyl ether bottle group station |
| CN202791340U (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2013-03-13 | 鹤壁宝发能源科技股份有限公司 | Civil dimethyl ether fuel gas special pipeline concentrating gas supply station |
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