CN102887426A - Full-magnification transformed and multi-fetching device interchangeable combined lifting device and using method for combined lifting device - Google Patents
Full-magnification transformed and multi-fetching device interchangeable combined lifting device and using method for combined lifting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102887426A CN102887426A CN2012103732835A CN201210373283A CN102887426A CN 102887426 A CN102887426 A CN 102887426A CN 2012103732835 A CN2012103732835 A CN 2012103732835A CN 201210373283 A CN201210373283 A CN 201210373283A CN 102887426 A CN102887426 A CN 102887426A
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Abstract
The invention provides a full-magnification transformed and multi-fetching device interchangeable combined lifting device. The combined lifting device consists of a top supporting and switching device, a fixed pulley device, a movable pulley device, a conversion device and a fetching device; the top supporting and switching device is provided with a dual-hook plate in a buckle structure; a V-shaped semicircular hole slot is formed in the upper part of the movable pulley device; the fixed pulley device can be combined with or separated from the top supporting and switching device through the opening and the closing of the dual-hook plate, and also can be connected with or separated from the movable pulley device through the V-shaped semicircular hole slot; the conversion device is connected below the movable pulley device; and the fetching device is arranged at the bottom end of the conversion device. By using the combined lifting device, the arbitrary transformation of the magnification between 1 and 10 can be realized, or the transformation between odd magnification and even magnification can be realized, namely full-magnification transformation is realized; and simultaneously, the exchange among a hanging hook, a hanging plate, a clamp and the like can be realized by the fetching device. The full-magnification transformed and multi-extract device interchangeable combined lifting device has a completely interchangeable function, and can be configured with fetching devices, such as the hanging hook, the hanging plate, the clamp and the like, of different tonnages and different types.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of elevator machinery with making up lifting appliance, particularly device and the using method of the mutual conversion of the full multiplying power of a kind of assembly pulley.
Background technology
Assembly pulley zoom rate is in the conversion that makes under the precondition of not changing parts between hoisting crane realization low-speed heave-load and the high speed light loading, realizes multiple rated load weight and multiple specified lifting velocity, to satisfy the operating needs of different operating modes.Elevator machinery middle pulley group multiplying power is many at 2,4 Transforms at present, large-tonnage or large multiplying power difficult during such as the magnification transformables such as 5,6,7,8, and multiplying power is many at two kinds of Transforms, between the multiple multiplying power mutually conversion be difficult to realize, so all be difficult for realizing the zoom rate of assembly pulley when large multiplying power or many multiplying powers.Complicated, the dismounting operating difficulties of while magnification transformable apparatus structure pattern, two or more magnification transformables just need again peace to tear steel rope open, need high-altitude application, pacify and tear difficulty open, and are time-consuming.The load-engaging device of single device mostly is the single forms such as suspension hook, boatswain chair, clamp, do not have multifunctionality, can not realize the mutual conversion between the different load-engaging devices, particularly to moving stern hoisting crane, the crane arm head space is limited, and the assembly pulley arrangement position is tight, compact conformation, arrangement space is little, and many magnification transformables are realized difficulty.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome traditional lifting appliance middle pulley group magnification transformable complexity, multiplying power can not be changeable, defective and the deficiencies such as load-engaging device is non-exchange, provide a kind of not again peace tear steel rope open, avoid under the precondition of high-altitude disassembling and assembling pin shaft, realize full magnification transformable, the multi-functional combination lifting appliance that full suspension hook exchanges, many load-engaging devices exchange.
For solving this technical matters, the invention provides the combination lifting appliance that a kind of full magnification transformable and many load-engaging devices exchange, by top braces and switching device, fixed pulley, movable pulley device, transfer device and load-engaging device consist of, described top braces and switching device are provided with the double hook plate of buckle structure, the top of movable pulley device is provided with paired " V " shape semicircle hole slot, the bottom is provided with the connection hanging point, described fixed pulley can be by the double hook plate folding realization and top braces and switching device combination or separate, fixed pulley also can be realized and being connected or separating of movable pulley device by paired " V " font semicircle hole slot, transfer device is connected to the below of movable pulley device by connecting hanging point, load-engaging device is arranged on the bottom of transfer device.
Described top braces and switching device also comprise bracing frame, opening-closing plate and anchor shaft, described double hook plate and opening-closing plate are the left-right symmetric structure, described opening-closing plate is welded on the top of double hook plate, adopts lock shaft to fix, and anchor shaft is installed together relative two double hook plates and bracing frame.
Described fixed pulley comprises fixed pulley, fixed pulley frame, fixed pulley axis, bearing pin, gear rope bar and radius stay, described fixed pulley frame is two symmetrical plates, the top is provided with fixed shaft hole, the below is provided with the fixed pulley axis hole, fixed pulley is fixed on the fixed pulley frame by fixed pulley axis, bearing pin is installed in the top of fixed pulley frame, is fixed on the fixed pulley frame by ending axillare, and the combination of described top braces and switching device and fixed pulley or separate is by the folding realization of this bearing pin and double hook plate; Described gear rope bar is located on the fixed pulley frame of fixed pulley both sides; Described radius stay is provided with boss, and two ends are provided with screw thread, by nut locking on the fixed pulley frame above the fixed pulley.
Described movable pulley device comprises movable pulley, movable pulley frame, movable pulley axle and ward off rope device, described movable pulley frame is by being configured under the added and movable pulley of movable pulley, the added top of described movable pulley is provided with paired " V " font semicircle hole slot, the movable pulley undercarriage is provided with the movable pulley axis hole, and movable pulley is fixed on the movable pulley undercarriage by the movable pulley axle; Described ward off rope device is bolted on the movable pulley undercarriage; Described movable pulley is added to be bolted to connection with the movable pulley undercarriage.
Described load-engaging device is the hook assembly of different tonnages, comprises crossbeam axle and gib head, and the length of described crossbeam axle and diameter and tonnage number are proportional; Described suspension hook can exchange between suspension hook, boatswain chair, clamp.
Described transfer device comprises symmetrical two conversions arm-tie, variable grommet and steady rings, variable grommet is bolted on the conversion arm-tie, the diameter coupling of its internal diameter and crossbeam axle, the crossbeam axle passes variable grommet and is assemblied between two conversion arm-ties, bearing pin is set on the pin-and-hole, and these bearing pin two ends are connected with the connection hanging point of movable pulley undercarriage lower end; Described steady ring is comprised of some thickness circular ring flat-plates, is arranged on the bearing pin both sides of conversion arm-tie, and set position and quantity are so that the length coupling of the distances between the two conversion arm-ties and crossbeam axle.
Described fixed pulley and top braces and switching device are connected to form the fixed pulley group, or the formation running block that matches with the V-type groove on movable pulley frame top; Device unit in the described fixed pulley can part be connected with top braces and switching device, and remainder is connected with movable pulley device, forms different multiplying power combinations.
The present invention also comprises the end anchor fitting, and described end anchor fitting comprises wireline adapter and bearing pin, bearing pin connecting steel wire ropes joint and top braces device or movable pulley device.
The present invention also provides the magnification transformable method of the combination lifting appliance of a kind of full magnification transformable and the exchange of many load-engaging devices, comprising:
Changing method between the even number multiplying power: the winch Wound steel rope, allow fixed pulley at position A, open lock shaft and locking pin, make between fixed pulley in-position B and the position C; Multiplying power as required opens or closes corresponding double hook plate, closes lock shaft and locking pin, and winch is put rope, makes corresponding fixed pulley in-position D, and whole device descends, and finishes the conversion between the even number multiplying power;
Changing method between the odd number multiplying power: winch rope closing, allow fixed pulley at position A, movable pulley device is connected with top braces and switching device by hole for hoist with two cover auxiliary ropes, winch is put rope, make auxiliary ropes stressed, make rope loosing, the wireline adapter on the movable pulley device is pulled down and is installed on top braces and the switching device; The winch rope closing is opened lock shaft and locking pin, makes between fixed pulley in-position B and the position C, and multiplying power as required opens or closes corresponding double hook plate, closes lock shaft and locking pin; Winch is put rope, makes auxiliary ropes stressed, makes rope loosing, pulls down and be installed in the wireline adapter on top braces and the switching device 1 on the movable pulley device; The winch rope closing makes on the D of fixed pulley in-position, and auxiliary ropes is got loose, and removes auxiliary ropes, and winch is put rope, makes corresponding fixed pulley in-position D, and whole device descends, and finishes the conversion between the odd number multiplying power;
The even number multiplying power becomes the method for odd number multiplying power, odd number multiplying power change even number multiplying power: the conversion that has the odd-multiple rate to participate in need to be changed the wireline adapter position, need to be by auxiliary ropes, wireline adapter is on top braces and switching device during the even number multiplying power, wireline adapter is on movable pulley device during the odd number multiplying power, and the changing method between concrete changing method and the odd number multiplying power roughly the same.
The present invention also provides the load-engaging device replacing method of the combination lifting appliance of a kind of full magnification transformable and the exchange of many load-engaging devices, comprise the steps: to remove four bearing pins, make the conversion arm-tie break away from the movable pulley undercarriage, remove and end axillare and variable grommet, load-engaging device is pulled down; Change another kind of load-engaging device, install to end axillare-and variable grommet, installs two and change arm-ties, with four bearing pins load-engaging device is installed on the movable pulley undercarriage, finish the replacing of load-engaging device.
Beneficial effect: this use is novel to realize arbitrarily mutually conversion between the multiplying power 1 ~ 10, in the situation of not changing the wireline adapter position, realize that multiplying power is by the mutual conversion 2,4,6,8 to 10, in the situation of changing the wireline adapter position, realize that multiplying power is by the mutual conversion 3,5,7 to 9, perhaps realize the conversion between the odd even multiplying power, namely realize full magnification transformable; Load-engaging device can be realized the mutual exchange between suspension hook, boatswain chair, the clamp etc. simultaneously.Therefore, the present invention realizes the combination lifting appliance that full suspension hook exchanges, multiple load-engaging device exchanges, and possesses and exchanges function fully, and configurable tonnage, the dissimilar load-engaging device of not waiting is such as suspension hook, boatswain chair, clamp etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is top braces of the present invention and switching device structural representation;
Fig. 3 is of the present invention pair of plate hook and opening-closing plate structural representation;
Fig. 4 is fixed pulley structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is top braces of the present invention and switching device and fixed pulley connection diagram;
Fig. 6 is movable pulley device structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is fixed pulley of the present invention and movable pulley device connection diagram;
Fig. 8 is load-engaging device structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is conversion device structure scheme drawing of the present invention;
Figure 10 is transfer device assembling scheme drawing of the present invention;
Figure 11 a ~ Figure 11 j is 10 multiplying powers of the present invention ~ 1 multiplying power wiring scheme drawing;
Figure 12 A ~ Figure 12 D is the position view of fixed pulley of the present invention and double hook plate.
Among the figure: 1 top braces and switching device, the 1-1 bracing frame, 1-2 double hook plate, the 1-3 opening-closing plate, the 1-4 lock shaft, the 1-5 anchor shaft, the 1-6 track adjusting wheel, the 1-7 locking pin, 2 fixed pulleys, the 2-1 fixed pulley, 2-2 fixed pulley frame, the 2-3 fixed pulley axis, the 2-4 bearing pin, 2-5 gear rope bar, the 2-6 radius stay, 3 movable pulley devices, the 3-1 movable pulley, 3-2 movable pulley axle, the 3-3 movable pulley is added, 3-4 movable pulley undercarriage, the 3-5 ward off rope device, 4 converter devices, 4-1 changes arm-tie, the variable grommet of 4-2, the 4-3 pin-and-hole, the 4-4 bearing pin, the 4-5 steady ring, 3-4 movable pulley undercarriage, 5 load-engaging devices, 5-1 crossbeam axle, the 5-2 gib head, 6 end anchor fittings.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is done specific descriptions
Figure 1 shows that structural representation of the present invention.
The present invention is made of top braces and switching device 1, fixed pulley 2, movable pulley device 3, transfer device 4 and load-engaging device 5.
Described top braces and switching device 1 are provided with the double hook plate 1-2 of buckle structure, the top of movable pulley device 3 is provided with paired " V " shape semicircle hole slot, the bottom is provided with the connection hanging point, described fixed pulley 2 can be by double hook plate 1-2 folding realization and top braces and switching device 1 combination or separate, fixed pulley 2 also can be realized and being connected or separating of movable pulley device 3 by paired " V " font semicircle hole slot, transfer device 4 is connected to the below of movable pulley device 3 by connecting hanging point, load-engaging device 5 is arranged on the bottom of transfer device 4.
Figure 2 shows that top braces of the present invention and switching device structural representation.
Top braces and switching device 1 play the function of support, the fixing and multiplying power switch folding to fixed pulley 2, locking and the anti-anti-avulsion axle of whole equipment.
Described top braces and switching device 1 also comprise bracing frame 1-1, opening-closing plate 1-3, anchor shaft 1-5 and track adjusting wheel 1-6.
Support frame as described above 1-1 is connected on the jib of elevator machinery, supports whole lifting appliance.
Described track adjusting wheel 1-6 is installed in the end of anchor shaft 1-5, and track adjusting wheel 1-6 is used for being the steel rope guiding.
Figure 3 shows that of the present invention pair of plate hook and opening-closing plate structural representation.
Anchor shaft 1-5 is installed together relative two double hook plate 1-2 and bracing frame 1-1.
Described double hook plate 1-2 is buckle structure, and anchor shaft 1-5 installs two relative double hook plate 1-2 relatively, is installed together with bracing frame 6, is used for supporting guide wheel 1-6, fixes a fixed pulley 2 after interlocking.
During magnification transformable, " eight " font guide groove that two plate hook 1-2 of make-up form can remedy the deviation that movable pulley device 3 is reversed generation, and fixed pulley 2 is fixed by two plate hook 1-2 easily.
Described opening-closing plate 1-3 is welded on the top of double hook plate 1-2, is provided with two groups of locking axis holes, adopts lock shaft 1-4 to fix; play the effect of locking; be safety guard, opening-closing plate 1-3 and lock shaft 1-4 make the design of two plate hook 1-2 have the quadruple locking function, guarantee to be perfectly safe.
Also be provided with locking pin 1-7 and install on lock shaft 1-4, have the effect of multiple anticreep, described locking pin 1-7 is spring cotter or Type B pin.
Figure 4 shows that fixed pulley structural representation of the present invention.
Described fixed pulley 2 comprises fixed pulley 2-1, fixed pulley frame 2-2, fixed pulley axis 2-3 and bearing pin 2-4, described fixed pulley frame 2-2 is two symmetrical plates, the top is provided with fixed shaft hole, the below is provided with the fixed pulley axis hole, fixed pulley 2-1 is fixed on the fixed pulley frame 2-2 by fixed pulley axis 2-3, bearing pin 2-4 is installed in the top of fixed pulley frame 2-2, be fixed on the fixed pulley frame 2-2 by ending axillare, the combination of described top braces and switching device 1 and fixed pulley 2 or separate is by the folding realization of this bearing pin 2-4 and double hook plate 1-2.
Described fixed pulley 2 also comprises gear rope bar 2-5 and radius stay 2-6, and described radius stay 2-6 is provided with boss, and two ends are provided with screw thread, by nut locking on the fixed pulley frame 2-2 above the fixed pulley 2-1.
Described gear rope bar 2-5 is located on the fixed pulley frame 2-2 of fixed pulley 2-1 both sides, prevents the steel rope rope skipping.
Bearing pin 2-4 be used for during magnification transformable for connecting fixed pulley 2 and two plate hook 1-2.
Described fixed pulley 2 is provided with four fixed pulley unit altogether.
Figure 6 shows that movable pulley device structural representation of the present invention.
Described movable pulley device 3 comprises movable pulley 3-1, movable pulley frame, movable pulley axle 3-2 and ward off rope device 3-5.
Described movable pulley frame is made of the added 3-3 of movable pulley and movable pulley undercarriage 3-4, the added 3-3 of described movable pulley top is provided with paired " V " font semicircle hole slot, can guide fixed pulley 2 conveniently to enter circle hole groove, match with the fixed pulley axis 2-3 of fixed pulley 2,, play the effect of supporting fixed pulley 2.
Described movable pulley undercarriage 3-4 is provided with the movable pulley axis hole, and movable pulley 3-1 is fixed on the movable pulley undercarriage 3-4 by movable pulley axle 3-2, when steel rope is walked around movable pulley 3-1, can avoid producing interference with fixed pulley 2-1.
Described ward off rope device 3-5 is bolted on the movable pulley undercarriage 3-4.
The added 3-3 of described movable pulley and movable pulley undercarriage 3-4 are bolted to connection.
Also be provided with the hole for hoist corresponding with top braces and switching device 1 on the added 3-3 of described movable pulley, use when changing the wireline adapter position.
Described movable pulley undercarriage 3-4 bottom is provided with the connection hanging point, is connected with transfer device 4, and this connection hanging point is provided with four pin-and-holes.
Be symmetrically arranged with ribbed stiffener on the added 3-3 of described movable pulley, prevent from driving after fixed pulley 2-1 from rotating fixed pulley frame 2-2 rotation.
Figure 8 shows that load-engaging device structural representation of the present invention.
Described load-engaging device 5 is the hook assembly of different tonnages, comprises crossbeam axle 5-1 and gib head 5-2, and described crossbeam axle 5-1 is arranged on the top of gib head 5-2.
The length of described crossbeam axle 5-1 and diameter and tonnage number are proportional.
Described gib head 5-2 can be according to different corresponding suspension hook, boatswain chair, suspension ring, hanging beam, the clamp etc. of being replaced by of hoisting heavy.
Described load-engaging device 5 also comprises nut, bearing and ends axillare.
Described boatswain chair by upper pin, hang fork, lower bearing pin, plate hook and end axillare etc. and form, its version is identical with the suspension hook structure.
Figure 9 shows that conversion device structure scheme drawing of the present invention.
Described transfer device 4 comprises conversion arm-tie 4-1, variable grommet 4-2 and steady ring 4-5, and described conversion arm-tie 4-1 is that symmetrical two welded plates form, its top is two pin-and-hole interfaces, is connected with movable pulley device 3; The bottom is a pin-and-hole interface, is connected with variable grommet 4-2.
Described gib head 5-2 passes variable grommet 4-2 by crossbeam axle 5-1 and is assemblied between two conversion arm-tie 4-1, and bearing pin 4-4 is set on the pin-and-hole 4-3, and this bearing pin 4-4 two ends connect with the hanging point that is connected of movable pulley undercarriage 3-4 lower end.
The outer hole size of variable grommet 4-2 is fixed, and arm-tie 4-1 matches with conversion, and the internal diameter variable size matches with bearing pin on crossbeam axle 5-1 or the boatswain chair, designs the internal diameter size of variable grommet 4-2 according to the tonnage needs.
Variable grommet 4-2 is bolted on the conversion arm-tie 4-1 with four.
Figure 10 shows that transfer device assembling scheme drawing of the present invention.
Described steady ring 4-5 is comprised of some thickness circular ring flat-plates, is arranged on the both sides of the upper conversion of bearing pin 4-4 arm-tie 4-1, and set position and quantity are so that the length coupling of the distances between the two conversion arm-tie 4-1 and crossbeam axle 5-1.
Figure 5 shows that top braces of the present invention and switching device and fixed pulley connection diagram.
Figure 7 shows that fixed pulley of the present invention and movable pulley device connection diagram.
Described fixed pulley 2 is connected to form the fixed pulley group with top braces and switching device 1, or the formation running block that matches with the V-type groove of movable pulley frame top 3-3; Device unit in the described fixed pulley 2 can part be connected with top braces and switching device 1, and remainder is connected with movable pulley device 3, forms different multiplying power combinations.
The present invention also comprises end anchor fitting 6, and described end anchor fitting 6 comprises wireline adapter and bearing pin, bearing pin connecting steel wire ropes joint and top braces device 1 or movable pulley device 2.
Preferably, consider the efficiency of pulley, multiplying power surpasses 15 will make front and back pulley discontinuity, the safety and stability of impact lifting, can be in parallel with organizing this lifting appliance more, namely between movable pulley, set up hitch, a plurality of lifting appliances are linked together side by side, realize the lifting requirements of super large hoisting capacity.After the parallel connection of many cover combination lifting appliances, can overcome reversing of whole device, make magnification transformable more smooth and easy.
Multiplying power using method of the present invention
The present invention realizes that multiplying power is by the mutual conversion 2,4,6,8 to 10 in the situation of not changing the wireline adapter position; In the situation of changing the wireline adapter position, realize that multiplying power by the mutual conversion 3,5,7 to 9, perhaps realizes the conversion between the odd even multiplying power, namely realize full magnification transformable; Load-engaging device is realized the mutual exchange between suspension hook, boatswain chair, the clamp etc. simultaneously.
Figure 11 a ~ Figure 11 j is depicted as 10 multiplying powers of the present invention ~ 1 multiplying power wiring scheme drawing.
11d illustrates as an example of 7 multiplying powers example by reference to the accompanying drawings: one in four fixed pulley unit is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, its excess-three fixed pulley unit is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, wireline adapter is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, so four kinds of baudriers are arranged when 7 multiplying powers are used.
Preferably, consider the asymmetric unbalance loading that causes in steel rope position, second fixed pulley unit near track adjusting wheel 1-6 is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, and its excess-three fixed pulley unit is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, preferred this baudrier when 7 multiplying powers are used.
The use of 10 multiplying powers: Figure 11 a is the wiring figures of 10 multiplying powers when using, and four fixed pulley unit and wireline adapter all are fixed on top braces and the switching device 1.
The use of 9 multiplying powers: the wiring figure when Figure 11 b is the use of 9 multiplying powers, four fixed pulley unit all are fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, and wireline adapter is fixed on the movable pulley device 3.
The use of 8 multiplying powers: the wiring figure when Figure 11 c is the use of 8 multiplying powers, one in four fixed pulley unit is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, its excess-three fixed pulley unit is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, wireline adapter is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, so four kinds of baudriers are arranged when 8 multiplying powers are used.
Preferably, consider the asymmetric unbalance loading that causes in steel rope position, one in middle two fixed pulley unit is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, and its excess-three fixed pulley unit is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, preferred these two kinds of baudriers when 8 multiplying powers are used.
The use of 6 multiplying powers: the wiring figure when Figure 11 e is the use of 6 multiplying powers, 6 multiplying powers have four kinds of baudriers when using.
Preferably, middle two fixed pulley unit are fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, all the other two fixed pulley unit are fixed on the movable pulley device 3, and wireline adapter is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, preferred this baudrier when 6 multiplying powers are used.
The use of 5 multiplying powers: the wiring figure when Figure 11 f is the use of 5 multiplying powers, 5 multiplying powers have four kinds of baudriers when using.
Preferably, first of close end anchor fitting and the 3rd fixed pulley unit are fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, all the other two fixed pulley unit are fixed on the movable pulley device 3, wireline adapter is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, preferred this baudrier when 5 multiplying powers are used.
The use of 4 multiplying powers: the wiring figure when Figure 11 g is the use of 4 multiplying powers, one in four fixed pulley unit is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, its excess-three fixed pulley unit is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, wireline adapter is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, so four kinds of baudriers are arranged when 4 multiplying powers are used.
Preferably, consider the asymmetric unbalance loading that causes in steel rope position, one in middle two fixed pulley unit is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, and its excess-three fixed pulley unit is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, preferred these two kinds of baudriers when 4 multiplying powers are used.
The use of 3 multiplying powers: the wiring figure when Figure 11 h is the use of 3 multiplying powers, one in four fixed pulley unit is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, its excess-three fixed pulley unit is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, wireline adapter is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, so four kinds of baudriers are arranged when 3 multiplying powers are used.
Preferably, consider the asymmetric unbalance loading that causes in steel rope position and reverse, second fixed pulley unit near the end anchor fitting is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1, its excess-three fixed pulley unit is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, preferred this baudrier when 3 multiplying powers are used.
The use of 2 multiplying powers: the wiring figure when Figure 11 i is the use of 2 multiplying powers, four fixed pulley unit are fixed on the movable pulley device 3, and wireline adapter is fixed on top braces and the switching device 1.
The use of 1 multiplying power: the wiring figure when Figure 11 j is the use of 1 multiplying power.
The use relative complex of 1 multiplying power is described in detail as follows:
Three fixed pulley unit near end anchor fitting 6 are fixed on the movable pulley device 3, and wireline adapter is fixed on the movable pulley device 3, and the gear rope bar that steel rope is entered the first movable pulley is pulled down, and steel rope is pulled down from the first movable pulley; To take down near first fixed pulley unit of first movable pulley, and be installed on second fixed pulley unit; Behind 90 ° of first fixed pulley finite element rotations, utilize connecting panel with gear rope hole first to be linked to each other with second fixed pulley unit, connecting panel is welded on the fixed pulley unit, have four connection locations, each connection location adopts two bolts to fix, steel rope passes between first and second fixed pulley, realizes the winding of steel rope when 1 multiplying power is used.
Magnification transformable method of the present invention
Changing method between the even number multiplying power:
The residing diverse location of fixed pulley such as Figure 13 A ~ 13D:
Shown in Figure 12 A: fixed pulley is below two plate hooks;
Shown in Figure 12 B: fixed pulley is in the lower position of two plate hooks;
Shown in Figure 12 C: fixed pulley is at the upper limit position of two plate hooks;
Shown in Figure 12 D: fixed pulley is fixing at two plate hooks.
The winch Wound steel rope allows fixed pulley 2 at position A, opens lock shaft 1-4 and locking pin 1-7, makes between fixed pulley 2 in-position B and the position C; Multiplying power as required opens or closes corresponding double hook plate 1-2, closes lock shaft 1-4 and locking pin 1-7, and winch is put rope, makes corresponding fixed pulley unit in-position D, and whole device descends, and finishes the conversion between the even number multiplying power.
Changing method between the odd number multiplying power:
Have the conversion that the odd-multiple rate participates in need to be by auxiliary ropes:
The winch rope closing, allow fixed pulley 2 at position A, movable pulley device 3 is connected with top braces and switching device 1 by hole for hoist with two cover auxiliary ropes, winch is put rope, make auxiliary ropes stressed, make rope loosing, the wireline adapter on the movable pulley device 3 is pulled down and is installed on top braces and the switching device 1;
The winch rope closing is opened lock shaft 1-4 and locking pin 1-7, makes between fixed pulley 2 in-position B and the position C, and multiplying power as required opens or closes corresponding double hook plate 1-2, closes lock shaft 1-4 and locking pin 1-7;
Winch is put rope, makes auxiliary ropes stressed, makes rope loosing, and the wireline adapter on top braces and the switching device 1 is pulled down and is installed on the movable pulley device 3;
The winch rope closing makes on the fixed pulley 2 in-position D, and auxiliary ropes is got loose, and removes auxiliary ropes, and winch is put rope, makes corresponding fixed pulley unit in-position D, and whole device descends, and finishes the conversion between the odd number multiplying power.
The even number multiplying power becomes the method for odd number multiplying power:
The winch rope closing allows fixed pulley 2 at position A, opens lock shaft 1-4 and locking pin 1-7, makes between fixed pulley 2 in-position B and the position C;
Multiplying power as required, open or close corresponding double hook plate 1-2, close lock shaft 1-4 and locking pin 1-7, movable pulley device 3 is connected with top braces and switching device 1 by hole for hoist with two cover auxiliary ropes, winch is put rope, make auxiliary ropes stressed, make rope loosing, the wireline adapter on top braces and the switching device 1 is pulled down and is installed on the movable pulley device 3;
The winch rope closing makes steel rope stressed, and auxiliary ropes is got loose, and removes auxiliary ropes, continues to put rope, makes corresponding fixed pulley 2 in-position D, and whole device descends, and finishes the even number multiplying power and becomes the odd number multiplying power.
The odd number multiplying power becomes the method for even number multiplying power:
The winch rope closing, allow fixed pulley 2 at position A, movable pulley device 3 is connected with top braces and switching device 1 by hole for hoist with two cover auxiliary ropes, winch is put rope, make auxiliary ropes stressed, make rope loosing, the wireline adapter on the movable pulley device 3 is pulled down and is installed on top braces and the switching device 1;
The winch rope closing is opened lock shaft 1-4 and locking pin 1-7, makes between fixed pulley 2 in-position B and the position C, and multiplying power as required opens or closes corresponding double hook plate 1-2, closes lock shaft 1-4 and locking pin 1-7, and removes auxiliary ropes;
Winch is put rope, makes corresponding fixed pulley 2 in-position D, and whole device descends, and finishes the odd number multiplying power and becomes the even number multiplying power.
The replacing method of wireline adapter of the present invention position:
Load-engaging device replacing method of the present invention:
Remove four bearing pin 4-4, make conversion arm-tie 4-1 break away from movable pulley undercarriage 3-4, remove and end axillare and variable grommet 4-2, load-engaging device is pulled down, change another kind of load-engaging device, install and end axillare and variable grommet 4-2, two conversion arm-tie 4-1 are installed, with four bearing pin 4-4 load-engaging device is installed on the movable pulley undercarriage 3-4, finishes the replacing of load-engaging device.
Connect the use of hanging point
The distance b 1 that connects hanging point varies in size, and regulates by the difference of steady ring 4-5 quantity: during large-tonnage, suspension hook is large, crossbeam: 5-1 is long, bearing pin 4-4 is long, and it is outer that connect hanging point this moment; During little tonnage, suspension hook is little, crossbeam axle 5-1 short, bearing pin 4-4 is short, and it is inner that connect hanging point this moment.
Automatically the expansion of zoom rate: the opening-closing plate 1-3 in top braces and the switching device 1, lock shaft 1-4 and locking pin 1-7 are set up thruster, automatic open/closing device, forced locking device and automatic anti-drop device namely are set, manually the zoom rate can become automatic zoom rate, realizes automatic open-close, auto lock and automatic anticreep.
The function that full magnification transformable is realized: be in the situation of not changing the wireline adapter position, realize the conversion between the even number multiplying power; In the situation of changing the wireline adapter position, realize the conversion between the odd number multiplying power, perhaps realize the conversion between the odd even multiplying power, namely realize full magnification transformable.End anchor fitting 6 is the even number multiplying power when being connected with top braces and switching device 1, i.e. 2,4,6,8,10 multiplying powers; End anchor fitting 6 is the odd number multiplying power when being connected with movable pulley device, and namely 3,5,7,9 multiplying powers for avoiding high-altitude dismounting wireline adapter, can be used separately even number multiplying power mapping mode, can satisfy equally the operating needs of different operating modes.
The realization of larger multiplying power: in theory, fixed pulley dress, 2 and movable pulley device 3 in side by side pulley quantity increase, the also corresponding increase of its corresponding multiplying power, can realize that multiplying power is 11,12,13,14,15 etc., namely pulley block in series will be realized the conversion of random natural number multiplying power.
Rated load weight and specified lifting velocity: in theory, ten kinds of multiplying powers are proportional to ten kinds of rated load weights and ten kinds of specified lifting velocities should be arranged, and in fact, rated load weight and specified lifting velocity have certain deviation.
Determine the lifting performance perameter of all the other multiplying powers according to the selected steel rope Maximum static pull force of 10 multiplying powers, motor power (output) and reductor moment of torsion.
For the multiple wraps reel, the steel rope number of plies of living in is different, and lifting velocity is different.Little multiplying power and do not change when rope, which floor changes steel rope in the outside of reel, and the linear velocity when steel rope goes out reel is larger, and live load is larger, and corresponding rated load weight suitably reduces, and perhaps specified lifting velocity suitably reduces.
During little multiplying power, the proportion that a whole set of lifting appliance deadweight accounts for total hoisting weight is larger, and corresponding rated load weight suitably reduces.
The interchangeability of related components: four bearing pin 4-4 of dismounting can change suspension hook into other load-engaging devices 5 such as boatswain chair, suspension ring, hanging beam, clamp, container spreader.
Gear rope bar can be the patterns such as rope guard; Pulley can be the patterns such as welding, heat bundle, casting; The pulley material can be the materials such as steel, nylon.
This uses novel employing modular design, can realize all standing of multiplying power and all standing of rated load weight, arbitrarily mutually conversion between the multiplying power 1 ~ 10, in the situation of not changing the wireline adapter position, realize multiplying power by the mutual conversion 2,4,6,8 to 10, in the situation of changing the wireline adapter position, realize that multiplying power is by the mutual conversion 3,5,7 to 9, perhaps realize the conversion between the odd even multiplying power, i.e. full magnification transformable; This makes up lifting appliance, and the wirerope-winding mode is simple and convenient and without reversed bending, during magnification transformable, does not need again to pacify and tears steel rope open, does not also need disassembling and assembling pin shaft; The initial dismounting of steel rope and replacing are all carried out on ground, have avoided the high-altitude wire rope handling, have the characteristics such as long service life, easy accessibility, and load-engaging device can be realized the mutual exchange between suspension hook, boatswain chair, the clamp etc. simultaneously.Therefore, the present invention realizes the combination lifting appliance that full suspension hook exchanges, multiple load-engaging device exchanges, possess and exchange function fully, configurable tonnage, the dissimilar load-engaging device of not waiting, such as suspension hook, boatswain chair, clamp etc., on in the lifting equipment of can be widely used in building, the multiple industries such as metallurgy, harbour, hydraulic and electric engineering being built, fully satisfy the hoisting and hanging demand of different industries.
The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, just casehistory is not only, all within the scope of the present invention or the change that is equal in the scope of the present invention all surrounded by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the combination lifting appliance that exchanges of a full magnification transformable and many load-engaging devices, it is characterized in that: by top braces and switching device (1), fixed pulley (2), movable pulley device (3), transfer device (4) and load-engaging device (5) consist of, described top braces and switching device (1) are provided with the double hook plate (1-2) of buckle structure, the top of movable pulley device (3) is provided with paired " V " shape semicircle hole slot, the bottom is provided with the connection hanging point, described fixed pulley (2) can be by double hook plate (1-2) folding realization and top braces and switching device (1) combination or separate, fixed pulley (2) also can be realized and being connected or separation of movable pulley device (3) by paired " V " font semicircle hole slot, transfer device (4) is connected to the below of movable pulley device (3) by connecting hanging point, load-engaging device (5) is arranged on the bottom of transfer device (4).
2. the combination lifting appliance that exchanges of full magnification transformable according to claim 1 and many load-engaging devices, it is characterized in that: described top braces and switching device (1) also comprise bracing frame (1-1), opening-closing plate (1-3) and anchor shaft (1-5), described double hook plate (1-2) and opening-closing plate (1-3) are the left-right symmetric structure, described opening-closing plate (1-3) is welded on the top of double hook plate (1-2), adopt lock shaft (1-4) fixing, anchor shaft (1-5) is installed together relative two double hook plates (1-2) and bracing frame (1-1).
3. the combination lifting appliance that exchanges of full magnification transformable according to claim 1 and many load-engaging devices, it is characterized in that: described fixed pulley (2) comprises fixed pulley (2-1), fixed pulley frame (2-2), fixed pulley axis (2-3), bearing pin (2-4), gear rope bar (2-5) and radius stay (2-6), described fixed pulley frame (2-2) is two symmetrical plates, the top is provided with fixed shaft hole, the below is provided with the fixed pulley axis hole, fixed pulley (2-1) is fixed on the fixed pulley frame (2-2) by fixed pulley axis (2-3), bearing pin (2-4) is installed in the top of fixed pulley frame (2-2), be fixed on the fixed pulley frame (2-2) combination of described top braces and switching device (1) and fixed pulley (2) or to separate be folding realization by this bearing pin (2-4) and double hook plate (1-2) by ending axillare; Described gear rope bar (2-5) is located on the fixed pulley frame (2-2) of fixed pulley (2-1) both sides; Described radius stay (2-6) is provided with boss, and two ends are provided with screw thread, by nut locking on the fixed pulley frame (2-2) of fixed pulley (2-1) top.
4. the combination lifting appliance that exchanges of full magnification transformable according to claim 1 and many load-engaging devices, it is characterized in that: described movable pulley device (3) comprises movable pulley (3-1), the movable pulley frame, movable pulley axle (3-2) and ward off rope device (3-5), described movable pulley frame is made of movable pulley added (3-3) and movable pulley undercarriage (3-4), described movable pulley added (3-3) top is provided with paired " V " font semicircle hole slot, movable pulley undercarriage (3-4) is provided with the movable pulley axis hole, and movable pulley (3-1) is fixed on the movable pulley undercarriage (3-4) by movable pulley axle (3-2); Described ward off rope device (3-5) is bolted on the movable pulley undercarriage (3-4); Described movable pulley added (3-3) and movable pulley undercarriage (3-4) are bolted to connection.
5. the combination lifting appliance that exchanges of full magnification transformable according to claim 1 and many load-engaging devices, it is characterized in that: described load-engaging device (5) is the hook assembly of different tonnages, comprise crossbeam axle (5-1) and gib head (5-2), the length of described crossbeam axle (5-1) and diameter and tonnage number are proportional; Described suspension hook (5-2) can exchange between suspension hook, boatswain chair, clamp.
6. the combination lifting appliance that exchanges of full magnification transformable according to claim 5 and many load-engaging devices, it is characterized in that: described transfer device (4) comprises symmetrical two conversion arm-ties (4-1), variable grommet (4-2) and steady ring (4-5), variable grommet (4-2) is bolted on the conversion arm-tie (4-1), the diameter coupling of its internal diameter and crossbeam axle (5-1), crossbeam axle (5-1) passes variable grommet (4-2) and is assemblied between two conversion arm-ties (4-1), bearing pin (4-4) is set on the pin-and-hole (4-3), and this bearing pin (4-4) two ends connect with the hanging point that is connected of movable pulley undercarriage (3-4) lower end; Described steady ring (4-5) is comprised of some thickness circular ring flat-plates, is arranged on the both sides of bearing pin (4-4) upper conversion arm-tie (4-1), and set position and quantity are so that the length coupling of the distances between the two conversion arm-ties (4-1) and crossbeam axle (5-1).
7. the combination lifting appliance that exchanges of full magnification transformable according to claim 1 and many load-engaging devices, it is characterized in that: described fixed pulley (2) and top braces and switching device (1) are connected to form the fixed pulley group, or the formation running block that matches with the V-type groove on movable pulley frame top (3-3); Device unit in the described fixed pulley (2) can part be connected with top braces and switching device (1), and remainder is connected with movable pulley device (3), forms different multiplying power combinations.
8. the combination lifting appliance that exchanges of each described full magnification transformable and many load-engaging devices according to claim 1 ~ 7, it is characterized in that: also comprise end anchor fitting (6), described end anchor fitting (6) comprises wireline adapter and bearing pin, bearing pin connecting steel wire ropes joint and top braces device (1) or movable pulley device (2).
9. the magnification transformable method of the combination lifting appliance that exchanges of a full magnification transformable and many load-engaging devices is characterized in that:
Changing method between the even number multiplying power: the winch Wound steel rope, allow fixed pulley (2) at position A, open lock shaft (1-4) and locking pin (1-7), make between fixed pulley (2) in-position B and the position C; Multiplying power as required opens or closes corresponding double hook plate (1-2), closes lock shaft (1-4) and locking pin (1-7), and winch is put rope, makes corresponding fixed pulley (2) in-position D, and whole device descends, and finishes the conversion between the even number multiplying power;
Changing method between the odd number multiplying power: winch rope closing, allow fixed pulley (2) at position A, movable pulley device (3) is connected with top braces and switching device (1) by hole for hoist with two cover auxiliary ropes, winch is put rope, make auxiliary ropes stressed, make rope loosing, the wireline adapter on the movable pulley device (3) is pulled down and is installed on top braces and the switching device (1); The winch rope closing, open lock shaft (1-4) and locking pin (1-7), make between fixed pulley (2) in-position B and the position C multiplying power as required, open or close corresponding double hook plate (1-2), close lock shaft (1-4) and locking pin (1-7); Winch is put rope, makes auxiliary ropes stressed, makes rope loosing, and the wireline adapter on top braces and the switching device 1 is pulled down and is installed on the movable pulley device (3); The winch rope closing makes on fixed pulley (2) the in-position D, and auxiliary ropes is got loose, and removes auxiliary ropes, and winch is put rope, makes corresponding fixed pulley (2) in-position D, and whole device descends, and finishes the conversion between the odd number multiplying power;
The even number multiplying power becomes the method for odd number multiplying power, odd number multiplying power change even number multiplying power: the conversion that has the odd-multiple rate to participate in need to be changed the wireline adapter position, need to be by auxiliary ropes, wireline adapter is on top braces and switching device (1) during the even number multiplying power, wireline adapter is on movable pulley device (3) during the odd number multiplying power, and the changing method between concrete changing method and the odd number multiplying power roughly the same.
10. the load-engaging device replacing method of the combination lifting appliance that exchanges of a full magnification transformable and many load-engaging devices, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps: to remove four bearing pins (4-4), make conversion arm-tie (4-1) break away from movable pulley undercarriage (3-4), remove and end axillare and variable grommet (4-2), load-engaging device is pulled down; Change another kind of load-engaging device, install to end axillare-and variable grommet (4-2), installs two and change arm-ties (4-1), with four bearing pins (4-4) load-engaging device is installed on the movable pulley undercarriage (3-4), finish the replacing of load-engaging device.
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