CN102881982B - Rectangular coaxial line directional coupler - Google Patents
Rectangular coaxial line directional coupler Download PDFInfo
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- CN102881982B CN102881982B CN201210282594.0A CN201210282594A CN102881982B CN 102881982 B CN102881982 B CN 102881982B CN 201210282594 A CN201210282594 A CN 201210282594A CN 102881982 B CN102881982 B CN 102881982B
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- coaxial line
- rectangular coaxial
- coupling
- directional coupler
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rectangular coaxial line directional coupler, which comprises a primary rectangular coaxial line which serves as a microwave main channel, a secondary rectangular coaxial line which serves as a sampling signal channel, and coupling holes which serve as a coupling channel, wherein the primary rectangular coaxial line and the secondary rectangular coaxial line are isolated from each other; the primary rectangular coaxial line is communicated with the secondary rectangular coaxial line through one or two coupling holes; at least one coupling hole comprises a hollow coupling tube which is attached to a side wall of the primary rectangular coaxial line or/and a side wall of the secondary rectangular coaxial line; a side wall of the hollow coupling tube close to the rectangular coaxial lines is connected with a coupling cavity of which three ends are open; and the coupling cavity is conducted with the hollow coupling tube, is positioned between the primary rectangular coaxial line and the secondary rectangular coaxial line and is conducted with the primary rectangular coaxial line and the secondary rectangular coaxial line. The rectangular coaxial line directional coupler has the advantages of compact structure, ultra-wide operation bandwidth, high power capacity and low insertion loss, and compared with a common porous directional coupler, the rectangular coaxial line directional coupler has outstanding advantage of low insertion loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rectangular coaxial line directional coupler, specifically, relate to a kind of rectangular coaxial line directional coupler that utilizes single hole or diplopore to be coupled.
Background technology
Directional coupler is widely used a kind of microwave device in microwave system, and its Main Function is that microwave signal is carried out to power division according to a certain percentage; Directional coupler is made up of two transmission lines, and coaxial line, rectangular waveguide, circular waveguide, strip line and microstrip line etc. all can form directional coupler; So of a great variety from structure directional coupler, widely different, but be mainly divided into four kinds from their coupling mechanism, i.e. aperture coupling, parallel coupling, branch's coupling and coupling double T.
Before early 1950s, nearly all microwave equipment all adopts metal waveguide and waveguide circuit, and directional coupler at that time mostly also is Waveguide Hole coupling directional coupler; Its theoretical foundation is Bethe slot-coupling theory, and the people such as Cohn and Levy have also done a lot of contributions.
Along with the development of aerospace technology, require microwave circuit and system to accomplish miniaturization, lightweight and dependable performance, so there is strip line and microstrip line, because the microwave integrated transmission-lines such as fin line, the line of rabbet joint, co-planar waveguide and coplanar stripline have appearred again in the needs of microwave circuit and system in succession, various transmission line directional couplers are so just there are subsequently.
Tradition single-hole directional coupler has some advantage: as simple in structure, parameter is few, design is got up more convenient; But it also exists some shortcomings: as poor in narrow bandwidth, directivity, only suitable in the work of design frequency place, drift out this frequency, and directivity will reduce.
Although tradition multi-hole directional coupler can be accomplished very wide bandwidth, but also exist some shortcomings, as large in volume, requirement on machining accuracy is high, insertion loss is high, particularly, at millimeter wave terahertz wave band, too high Insertion Loss makes this device lose use value. and this just encourages us to remove to design a kind of Novel directional coupler that can overcome these shortcomings.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome some shortcomings of traditional directional coupler, a kind of compact, rectangular coaxial line directional coupler that insertion loss is low are provided.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: rectangular coaxial line directional coupler, comprises as the main rectangular coaxial line of microwave main channel with as the secondary rectangular coaxial line of sampled signal passage and as the coupling aperture of coupling channel; Main rectangular coaxial line and secondary rectangular coaxial line are isolated mutually; Main rectangular coaxial line is communicated with secondary rectangular coaxial line by 1 or 2 coupling apertures, at least 1 coupling aperture comprise be attached to main rectangular coaxial line sidewall or and the hollow tube coupling of secondary rectangular coaxial line sidewall, hollow tube coupling is connected with the coupling cavity of three end openings near the sidewall of rectangular coaxial line, coupling cavity and the conducting of hollow tube coupling, coupling cavity between main rectangular coaxial line and secondary rectangular coaxial line and with main rectangular coaxial line and secondary rectangular coaxial line conducting
.
The projection of shape that coupling aperture is overlooked direction at it is circle or polygon.
In described coupling aperture, be provided with the axis cylindrical metal structure parallel and vertical with the axis of main rectangular coaxial line with the axis of coupling aperture.
The cross section of this cylindrical metal structure be shaped as triangle, preferentially select rectangle.
Angle between the axis of described main rectangular coaxial line and the axis of secondary rectangular coaxial line is between 30 ° to 180 °.
The number of described coupling aperture is 2 o'clock, and the center of two coupling apertures lays respectively at main rectangular coaxial line and overlooks near two relative summits of intersecting the parallelogram forming after direction projection with secondary rectangular coaxial line.
The one or both ends of described main rectangular coaxial line are also connected with bending coaxial line.
Described main rectangular coaxial line Huo and secondary rectangular coaxial line are connected with the matching structure with extraneous device matching in its one or both ends.
Based on said structure, the present invention compared to its improvement of single-hole directional coupler is in the past: traditional coupling aperture is improved to the coupling channel being made up of coupling cavity and hollow tube coupling, wherein coupling cavity is arranged between main rectangular coaxial line and secondary rectangular coaxial line, hollow tube coupling be attached to main rectangular coaxial line sidewall or and secondary rectangular coaxial line sidewall; Can increase like this its directivity.
Angle between the general axis of main rectangular coaxial line and the axis of secondary rectangular coaxial line is between 30 ° to 180 °.Meanwhile, the angular dimension between the axis of its main rectangular coaxial line and the axis of secondary rectangular coaxial line is determined through optimizing according to indexs such as the degree of coupling of this directional coupler, directivity and bandwidth of operation.
In the time that the number of coupling aperture is 1, compare single hole coupler in the past, performance has obvious progress, in the time that the number of coupling aperture increases to 2, can further improve its directivity, now we need to make hollow tube coupling be attached to main rectangular coaxial line sidewall or and secondary rectangular coaxial line sidewall could improve its directivity.
The projection of shape that coupling aperture is overlooked direction at it is unrestricted, and in the time considering cost of manufacture, we pay the utmost attention to circle or triangle or the quadrangle of the simple and easy batch production of energy.
While increasing cylindrical metal structure, described coupling aperture is in-line or Y-shaped or cross and other starlike more than 4 branches in the projection of shape of overlooking direction.
The operation principle of rectangular coaxial line directional coupler can be described below:
Regard ideal conducting plane as because waveguide inwall can be similar to, according to the boundary condition of alternating electromagnetic field, ideal conducting plane E only has the component perpendicular with surface, there is no tangential component; Magnetic field H only has the component tangent with surface, there is no normal component.The public broadside of the vertical major-minor waveguide of main waveguide internal electric field, reaches by aperture the still vertical and public broadside of major-minor waveguide of that a part of electric field that complementary wave is led, and its power line forms an elbow.Magnetic field (magnetic line of force) is for being parallel to the closed curve of main Guide of Wide Wall, pierces into and passes the full curve that complementary wave is led therefore the magnetic field of main waveguide (magnetic line of force) forms one group at aperture place.
Entering by aperture that a part of electric field that complementary wave leads leads coupling aperture both sides at complementary wave and is coupled out electric field E vertically downward
', the electric field E of alternation
'inspire Induced magnetic field H
'(direction is determined by S=E*H), electricity, magnetic field alternately excite, and form the electromagnetic wave to coupled end and isolation end output respectively.
Entering by aperture that a part of magnetic field that complementary wave leads leads coupling aperture both sides at complementary wave and is coupled out level magnetic field H to the right
', the magnetic field H of alternation
'inspire the electric field E inducting
', electricity, magnetic field alternately excite, and form the electromagnetic wave to coupled end and isolation end output respectively.
Aperture coupling is above-mentioned electric coupling and magnetic-coupled stack, and the electromagnetic wave two kinds of couplings being formed merges, and we can find out that the electromagnetic wave of past coupled end direction transmission superposes in the same way, forms coupling output; The electromagnetic wave transmitting toward isolation end direction oppositely superposes, and cancels out each other and forms isolation, so be to export without coupling in principle; But due to aperture electricity, magnetic-coupled asymmetry, both superpose and have produced directivity.
The invention has the advantages that: compact conformation, process simple, super wide bandwidth of operation, power capacity is large, insertion loss is low, particularly at millimeter wave and terahertz wave band, compared with common single-hole directional coupler, aspect filter with low insertion loss, has outstanding advantage.Compact rectangular coaxial line directional coupler of the present invention is expected to be widely used in the electronic system of each microwave band and terahertz wave band, particularly military affairs and the civil area such as radar, missile guidance, communication.
Brief description of the drawings
Structural perspective when Fig. 1 is the axis of main rectangular coaxial line in the present invention and secondary rectangular coaxial line parallel.
Fig. 2 is the structural perspective of coupling aperture.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 4 is A-A profile in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of the embodiment of the present invention three.
The vertical view of Fig. 7 embodiment of the present invention four.
Label in figure is expressed as: 1, main rectangular coaxial line; 2, secondary rectangular coaxial line; 3, coupling aperture; 31, coupling cavity; 32, hollow tube coupling; 7, cylindrical metal structure; 4, bending coaxial line; 5, rectangular coaxial line.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, rectangular coaxial line directional coupler, comprises as the main rectangular coaxial line 1 of microwave main channel with as the secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 of sampled signal passage and as the coupling aperture 3 of coupling channel; Main rectangular coaxial line 1 and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 are isolated mutually, main rectangular coaxial line 1 is communicated with secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 by 1 or 2 coupling apertures 3, at least 1 coupling aperture 3 comprise be attached to main rectangular coaxial line 1 sidewall or and the hollow tube coupling 32 of secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 sidewalls, hollow tube coupling 32 is connected with the coupling cavity 31 of three end openings near the sidewall of rectangular coaxial line 1, coupling cavity 31 and 32 conductings of hollow tube coupling, coupling cavity 31 between main rectangular coaxial line 1 and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 and with main rectangular coaxial line 1 and 2 conductings of secondary rectangular coaxial line
.the projection of shape that wherein coupling aperture 3 is overlooked direction at it is for circular, and the axis of the axis of main rectangular coaxial line 1 and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 is parallel to each other.
Compared to its improvement of single-hole directional coupler be in the past: traditional coupling aperture is improved to the coupling channel being formed by coupling cavity 31 and hollow tube coupling 32, wherein coupling cavity 31 is arranged between main rectangular coaxial line 1 and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2, hollow tube coupling 32 be attached to main rectangular coaxial line 1 sidewall or and secondary rectangular coaxial line sidewall.Can increase like this its directivity.
Embodiment mono-
As shown in Figure 3,4, the present embodiment comprises and is provided with main rectangular coaxial line 1 and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2, and main rectangular coaxial line 1 is microwave main channel, and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 is sampled signal passage; Main rectangular coaxial line 1 and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 are isolated mutually, have 1 coupling aperture 3 to comprise to be attached to main rectangular coaxial line 1 sidewall or and the hollow tube coupling 32 of secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 sidewalls, hollow tube coupling 32 is connected with the coupling cavity 31 of three end openings near the sidewall of rectangular coaxial line 1, coupling cavity 31 and 32 conductings of hollow tube coupling, coupling cavity 31 between main rectangular coaxial line 1 and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 and with main rectangular coaxial line 1 and 2 conductings of secondary rectangular coaxial line
.in coupling aperture 3, add another axis cylindrical metal structure 7 parallel and vertical with the axis of main rectangular coaxial line 1 with the axis of coupling aperture 3, the cross section of this cylindrical metal structure 7 be shaped as rectangle, can obtain so the better directional coupler of directivity.
Embodiment bis-
As shown in Figure 5, the place different from embodiment mono-is between main rectangular coaxial line 1 and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 to be parallel, there is no angle.Coupling aperture 3 all only has part in main rectangular coaxial line 1 and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2 the insides, and some outside.Cylindrical metal structure 7 is not set in coupling aperture 3.
Embodiment tri-
As shown in Figure 6, the place different from embodiment mono-is to be communicated with by two coupling apertures 3 between main rectangular coaxial line 1 and secondary rectangular coaxial line 2, and the center of two coupling apertures 3 lays respectively at main rectangular coaxial line 1 and intersects near two relative summits of the parallelogram forming with secondary rectangular coaxial line 2.
Embodiment tetra-
As shown in Figure 7, the place different from embodiment tri-is that main rectangular coaxial line 1 and 2 of secondary rectangular coaxial lines are communicated with by a coupling aperture 3, there is the transition of curved waveguide 4 at the two ends of main rectangular coaxial line 1, can obtain like this that directivity is better, the wider guide directional coupler of bandwidth, connect rectangular coaxial line 5 at the other end of bending coaxial line 4.
Just can realize preferably as mentioned above the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. rectangular coaxial line directional coupler, is characterized in that: comprise as the main rectangular coaxial line (1) of microwave main channel with as the secondary rectangular coaxial line (2) of sampled signal passage and as the coupling aperture (3) of coupling channel, main rectangular coaxial line (1) and secondary rectangular coaxial line (2) are isolated mutually, wherein main rectangular coaxial line (1) is identical with the structure of secondary rectangular coaxial line (2), and main rectangular coaxial line (1) and secondary rectangular coaxial line (2) are by outer conductor and be arranged on outer conductor inside and the inner wire of axis and outer conductor dead in line formation, main rectangular coaxial line (1) is communicated with secondary rectangular coaxial line (2) by 1 or 2 coupling apertures (3), at least 1 coupling aperture (3) comprises the hollow tube coupling (32) that is attached to main rectangular coaxial line (1) outer conductor sidewall and secondary rectangular coaxial line (2) outer conductor sidewall, hollow tube coupling (32) is connected with the coupling cavity (31) of three end openings near the sidewall of outer conductor, coupling cavity (31) and hollow tube coupling (32) conducting, coupling cavity (31) be positioned between main rectangular coaxial line (1) and secondary rectangular coaxial line (2) and with main rectangular coaxial line (1) and secondary rectangular coaxial line (2) conducting
,in described coupling cavity (31), be provided with the axis cylindrical metal structure (7) parallel and vertical with the axis of main rectangular coaxial line (1) with the axis of coupling aperture (3).
2. rectangular coaxial line directional coupler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the angle between the axis of described main rectangular coaxial line (1) and the axis of secondary rectangular coaxial line (2) is between 30 ° to 180 °; The number of described coupling aperture (3) is 2 o'clock, and the center of two coupling apertures (3) lays respectively at main rectangular coaxial line (1) and overlooks near two relative summits of intersecting the parallelogram forming after direction projection with secondary rectangular coaxial line (2).
3. rectangular coaxial line directional coupler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the projection of shape that coupling aperture (3) is overlooked direction at it is for circular; The projection of shape that coupling cavity (31) is overlooked direction at it is for semicircle; Its projection of shape of overlooking direction of hollow tube coupling (32) is for semicircle.
4. rectangular coaxial line directional coupler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the projection of shape that coupling aperture (3) is overlooked direction at it is polygon; The projection of shape that coupling cavity (31) is overlooked direction at it is polygon; Its projection of shape of overlooking direction of hollow tube coupling (32) is polygon.
5. rectangular coaxial line directional coupler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cross section of this cylindrical metal structure (7) be shaped as triangle or quadrangle or pentagon.
6. according to the rectangular coaxial line directional coupler described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: the one or both ends of described main rectangular coaxial line (1) are also connected with bending coaxial line (4).
7. according to the rectangular coaxial line directional coupler described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described main rectangular coaxial line (1) Huo and secondary rectangular coaxial line (2) are connected with the matching structure with extraneous device matching in its one or both ends.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210282594.0A CN102881982B (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Rectangular coaxial line directional coupler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210282594.0A CN102881982B (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Rectangular coaxial line directional coupler |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102881982A CN102881982A (en) | 2013-01-16 |
| CN102881982B true CN102881982B (en) | 2014-08-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210282594.0A Expired - Fee Related CN102881982B (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2012-08-10 | Rectangular coaxial line directional coupler |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5813001A (en) * | 1981-07-16 | 1983-01-25 | Nec Corp | Directional filter |
| JPS58205301A (en) * | 1982-05-25 | 1983-11-30 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Directional filter |
| CN101707274A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-05-12 | 广东通宇通讯设备有限公司 | Microwave combiner |
| CN202839931U (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2013-03-27 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Directional coupler with rectangular coaxial lines |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AUPP747098A0 (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 1998-12-24 | Alcatel | Waveguide directional filter |
-
2012
- 2012-08-10 CN CN201210282594.0A patent/CN102881982B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5813001A (en) * | 1981-07-16 | 1983-01-25 | Nec Corp | Directional filter |
| JPS58205301A (en) * | 1982-05-25 | 1983-11-30 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Directional filter |
| CN101707274A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2010-05-12 | 广东通宇通讯设备有限公司 | Microwave combiner |
| CN202839931U (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2013-03-27 | 成都赛纳赛德科技有限公司 | Directional coupler with rectangular coaxial lines |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102881982A (en) | 2013-01-16 |
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