CN102875374A - Method for producing pentaerythritol oleate under catalysis of granular solid superacid - Google Patents
Method for producing pentaerythritol oleate under catalysis of granular solid superacid Download PDFInfo
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- CN102875374A CN102875374A CN2012100471706A CN201210047170A CN102875374A CN 102875374 A CN102875374 A CN 102875374A CN 2012100471706 A CN2012100471706 A CN 2012100471706A CN 201210047170 A CN201210047170 A CN 201210047170A CN 102875374 A CN102875374 A CN 102875374A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing pentaerythritol oleate under catalysis of granular solid superacid, and relates to a method for synthesizing ester base oil in biodegradable lubricating oil. The method comprises the following steps of: mixing pentaerythritol and oleic acid in a mass ratio of 1:(7.2-9.5), adding the granular solid superacid, and reacting at the temperature of between 140 and 240DEG C for 4 to 10 hours in the vacuum degree of 100-1,000Pa; filtering by using a 200-12,500 mesh filter screen or filter plate; and heating crude grease to the temperature of between 160 and 280DEG C, removing unreacted acid or alcohol, keeping the vacuum degree of the system ranging from 1 to 500Pa, and distilling under reduced pressure for 40 to 120 minutes to obtain the pentaerythritol oleate. The pentaerythritol oleate produced by the method has excellent low temperature fluidity, lubricity, viscosity-temperature characteristics, oxidation safety, cleanness and good biodegradability, and the method is an environment-friendly and high-efficiency production method having advantages of simple treatment, short production period, high esterification rate and high product yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for synthesizing ester base oil in a kind of biodegradable lube oil, particularly relate to a kind of method by catalyzed by particle type solid superacid production PETO.
Background technology
Lubricating oil is comprised of base oil and additive, and wherein base oil accounts for more than 80-90%.The main character of lubricating oil is determined by basic oil properties.Base oil can adopt mineral oil, vegetable and animals oils and ucon oil at present.Present most lube product all is take mineral oil as main, exists it non-renewable, and environment is had huge pollution.If directly use vegetable and animals oils then to have the shortcomings such as thermostability, oxidative stability and stability to hydrolysis as base oil.And the base oil of synthesizing ester has excellent low-temperature fluidity, oilness, viscosity-temperature characteristics, oxidation security, spatter property and good biological degradability.Therefore be widely used in the fields such as aircraft oil, automotive lubricant, air compressor machine oil, fire resistant hydraulic oil and high temperature grease.
Synthetic ester lubricant is that esterification is dewatered and made by organic acid and pure under effect under the catalyzer.Be divided into monoesters, dibasic acid esters and polyol ester etc. according to product ester group content.
PETO is a kind of neopentyl polyol ester, and its preparation method mainly contains ester-interchange method and alcoholic acid esterification method.Ester-interchange method: be that Witconol 2301 is reacted with tetramethylolmethane under the effect of alkali, the preparation PETO.This method complex process, long reaction time, esterification yield are not high, and production cost is also high.The alcoholic acid esterification method: the one, tetramethylolmethane and oleic acid are raw material, and strong acid (sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid) is catalyzer, and the method temperature of reaction is high, and acid number is high, and by product is many, and color and luster is dark, removes simultaneously residual organic acid and can cause to a certain degree impact to environment.The 2nd, the solid oxidation method as take zinc oxide as catalyzer, but because zinc oxide can generate corresponding oleate with elaidin reaction, is difficult for depickling and removes.The finished product easily produce Pao Droplets, bring difficulty for the product separation purifying.The 3rd, use solid acid to be catalyzer, the technique of acid falls in vacuum depickling and alkali cleaning, but also has the catalyzer of trace in the product, and part index (such as acid number, vaporization losses, breakdown of emulsion, oxidative stability) can not satisfy the requirement of top-grade lubricating oil.Therefore, improve the quality of product, reduce production costs, traditional processing technology can't reach necessary requirement.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is in order to overcome the problems of the prior art, thereby provide a kind of method of catalyzed by particle type solid superacid production PETO, the PETO that the method is produced has excellent low-temperature fluidity, oilness, viscosity-temperature characteristics, the oxidation security, spatter property and good biological degradability, it is complicated to have solved the product separation that uses sulfuric acid to bring in the traditional mode of production, poor product quality, color is dark, side reaction reaches the problems such as environmental pollution more, that a kind of processing is simple, with short production cycle, esterification yield is high, the environmental protection that product yield is high, efficiently production method.
The objective of the invention is to realize by following technical proposal: the method for catalyzed by particle type solid superacid production PETO comprises the following steps:
A, esterification: under the protection of high pure nitrogen, with tetramethylolmethane and in mass ratio 1:7.2-9.5 mixing of oleic acid, add simultaneously granule type solid super acid, described granule type solid super acid refers to the solid acid of the Hammett functional value of strength of acid＜-11.9, at vacuum tightness 100-1000Pa, 140-240 ℃ of lower reactions of temperature 4-10 hours;
B, filtration: use 200-12500 mesh filter screens or filter plate, the granule type solid super acid in the reaction product is filtered out;
C, molecular distillation are processed: thick fat remaining after will filtering is heated to 160-280 ℃, removes unreacted acid or alcohol, and the vacuum keep of system is at 1-500Pa, and underpressure distillation 40-120 minutes namely obtains PETO.
In technique scheme, the consumption of described granule type solid super acid is 0.5-5% of tetramethylolmethane and oleic acid total mass.
In technique scheme, the granule type carrier of described granule type solid super acid is molecular sieve MCM-41, and the component of active carrier is SnO
2, TiO
2Or ZrO
2The oxide compound of one of them and composite oxides thereof.
Can find out from technical characterictic of the present invention, the invention has the advantages that: adopt granule type solid super acid, reduced temperature of reaction, fast reaction speed, product color is good, easily filters, reuse, can not cause acid water pollution, can not be present in the product; Employing contains the solid super-strong acid of zirconium, titanium, tin etc., does not have the generation of oleate in the reaction, has solved the easy to foaming shortcoming that is difficult to purifying of product; Adopted molecular distillation to fall acid, replaced using the antacid technique of diluted alkaline in the traditional technology, the breakdown of emulsion of product is good, and product yield has also been avoided the impact of waste lye on environment simultaneously up to more than 95%.The PETO of namely producing by method of the present invention has excellent low-temperature fluidity, oilness, viscosity-temperature characteristics, oxidation security, spatter property and good biological degradability, is applicable to ester type fire resistant hydraulic fluid, chain oils, rolling mill compound etc. in high-speed spinning finish, aircraft engine lubricating oil, the metallic high temperature treated oil.Solved that product separation complexity, poor product quality, the color of using sulfuric acid to bring in the traditional mode of production are dark, side reaction reaches the problems such as environmental pollution more, a kind of environmental protection simple, with short production cycle, that esterification yield is high, product yield is high of processing, efficient production method.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is: prepared PETO performance index.
Embodiment
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Get tetramethylolmethane 100kg, oleic acid 820 kg mix, and granule type solid super acid is SO
4 2-/ ZrO
2-MCM-41 takes by weighing 9.2kg, behind nitrogen replacement three times, fill nitrogen, remain under the 800Pa vacuum tightness, 180 ℃ of reactions 6 hours, then reacted again 1 hour at 200 ℃, be cooled to 80 ℃, first through 600 purpose filter clothes, by 12500 purposes insurance strainer, solid super-strong acid is filtered out, with distill unreacted acid by molecular distillation, alcohol or monoesters, at 180 ℃, underpressure distillation is 60 minutes under the 20Pa vacuum tightness, obtains PETO.Its performance index are seen Fig. 1.
Embodiment 2
Get tetramethylolmethane 100kg, oleic acid 800 kg mix, and granule type solid super acid is SO
4 2-/ SnO
2-MCM-41 takes by weighing 9.0kg, behind nitrogen replacement three times, fill nitrogen, remain under the 800Pa vacuum tightness, 180 ℃ of reactions 6 hours, then reacted again 1 hour at 200 ℃, be cooled to 80 ℃, first through 600 purpose filter clothes, by 12500 purposes insurance strainer, solid super-strong acid is filtered out, with distill unreacted acid by molecular distillation, alcohol or monoesters, at 180 ℃, underpressure distillation is 60 minutes under the 20Pa vacuum tightness, obtains PETO.Its performance index are seen Fig. 1.
Embodiment 3
Get tetramethylolmethane 100kg, oleic acid 850 kg mix, and granule type solid super acid is SO
4 2-/ TiO
2-MCM-41 takes by weighing 10.0kg, behind nitrogen replacement three times, fill nitrogen, remain under the 800Pa vacuum tightness, 180 ℃ of reactions 6 hours, then reacted again 1 hour at 200 ℃, be cooled to 80 ℃, first through 600 purpose filter clothes, by 12500 purposes insurance strainer, solid super-strong acid is filtered out, with distill unreacted acid by molecular distillation, alcohol or monoesters, at 180 ℃, underpressure distillation is 60 minutes under the 20Pa vacuum tightness, obtains PETO.Its performance index are seen Fig. 1.
Embodiment 4
Get tetramethylolmethane 100kg, oleic acid 720 kg mix, and granule type solid super acid is SO
4 2-/ ZrO
2-MCM-41 takes by weighing 4.1kg, behind nitrogen replacement three times, fill nitrogen, remain under the 100Pa vacuum tightness, 140 ℃ of reactions 3 hours, then reacted again 1 hour at 160 ℃, be cooled to 80 ℃, first through 200 purpose filter clothes, by 12500 purposes insurance strainer, solid super-strong acid is filtered out, with distill unreacted acid by molecular distillation, alcohol or monoesters, at 160 ℃, underpressure distillation is 40 minutes under the 1Pa vacuum tightness, obtains PETO.Its performance index are seen Fig. 1.
Embodiment 5
Get tetramethylolmethane 100kg, oleic acid 950 kg mix, and granule type solid super acid is SO
4 2-/ SnO
2-MCM-41 takes by weighing 52.5kg, behind nitrogen replacement three times, fill nitrogen, remain under the 1000Pa vacuum tightness, 220 ℃ of reactions 9 hours, then reacted again 1 hour at 240 ℃, be cooled to 80 ℃, first through 400 purpose filter clothes, by 12500 purposes insurance strainer, solid super-strong acid is filtered out, with distill unreacted acid by molecular distillation, alcohol or monoesters, at 280 ℃, underpressure distillation is 120 minutes under the 500Pa vacuum tightness, obtains PETO.Its performance index are seen Fig. 1.
Get tetramethylolmethane 100kg, oleic acid 900 kg mix, and granule type solid super acid is SO
4 2-/ TiO
2-MCM-41 takes by weighing 30kg, behind nitrogen replacement three times, fill nitrogen, remain under the 600Pa vacuum tightness, 160 ℃ of reactions 5 hours, then reacted again 1 hour at 180 ℃, be cooled to 80 ℃, first through 500 purpose filter clothes, by 12500 purposes insurance strainer, solid super-strong acid is filtered out, with distill unreacted acid by molecular distillation, alcohol or monoesters, at 220 ℃, underpressure distillation is 80 minutes under the 200Pa vacuum tightness, obtains PETO.Its performance index are seen Fig. 1.
Embodiment 7
Get tetramethylolmethane 100kg, oleic acid 780 kg mix, and granule type solid super acid is SO
4 2-/ ZrO
2-MCM-41 takes by weighing 18kg, behind nitrogen replacement three times, fill nitrogen, remain under the 400Pa vacuum tightness, 200 ℃ of reactions 6 hours, then reacted again 1 hour at 220 ℃, be cooled to 80 ℃, first through 800 purpose filter clothes, by 12500 purposes insurance strainer, solid super-strong acid is filtered out, with distill unreacted acid by molecular distillation, alcohol or monoesters, at 220 ℃, underpressure distillation is 100 minutes under the 300Pa vacuum tightness, obtains PETO.Its performance index are seen Fig. 1.
Get tetramethylolmethane 100kg, oleic acid 750 kg mix, and granule type solid super acid is SO
4 2-/ SnO
2-MCM-41 takes by weighing 25kg, behind nitrogen replacement three times, fill nitrogen, remain under the 500Pa vacuum tightness, 150 ℃ of reactions 6 hours, then reacted again 1 hour at 180 ℃, be cooled to 80 ℃, first through 300 purpose filter clothes, by 12500 purposes insurance strainer, solid super-strong acid is filtered out, with distill unreacted acid by molecular distillation, alcohol or monoesters, at 250 ℃, underpressure distillation is 50 minutes under the 100Pa vacuum tightness, obtains PETO.Its performance index are seen Fig. 1.
Get tetramethylolmethane 100kg, oleic acid 830 kg mix, and granule type solid super acid is SO
4 2-/ TiO
2-MCM-41 takes by weighing 12.0kg, behind nitrogen replacement three times, fill nitrogen, remain under the 400Pa vacuum tightness, 180 ℃ of reactions 6 hours, then reacted again 1 hour at 200 ℃, be cooled to 80 ℃, first through 600 purpose filter clothes, by 12500 purposes insurance strainer, solid super-strong acid is filtered out, with distill unreacted acid by molecular distillation, alcohol or monoesters, at 200 ℃, underpressure distillation is 60 minutes under the 400Pa vacuum tightness, obtains PETO.Its performance index are seen Fig. 1.
Disclosed all features in this specification sheets except mutually exclusive feature, all can make up by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this specification sheets (comprising any accessory claim, summary) is unless special narration all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar purpose.That is, unless special narration, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or the similar characteristics.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limiting the present invention, all any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, is equal to and replaces and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the method for catalyzed by particle type solid superacid production PETO is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A, esterification: under the protection of high pure nitrogen, with tetramethylolmethane and in mass ratio 1:7.2-9.5 mixing of oleic acid, add simultaneously granule type solid super acid, described granule type solid super acid refers to the solid acid of the Hammett functional value of strength of acid＜-11.9, at vacuum tightness 100-1000Pa, 140-240 ℃ of lower reactions of temperature 4-10 hours;
B, filtration: use 200-12500 mesh filter screens or filter plate, the granule type solid super acid in the reaction product is filtered out;
C, molecular distillation are processed: thick fat remaining after will filtering is heated to 160-280 ℃, removes unreacted acid or alcohol, and the vacuum keep of system is at 1-500Pa, and underpressure distillation 40-120 minutes namely obtains PETO.
2. the method for catalyzed by particle type solid superacid production PETO according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the consumption of described granule type solid super acid is 0.5-5% of tetramethylolmethane and oleic acid total mass.
3. the method for catalyzed by particle type solid superacid production PETO according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the granule type carrier of described granule type solid super acid is molecular sieve MCM-41, and the component of active carrier is SnO
2, TiO
2Or ZrO
2The oxide compound of one of them and composite oxides thereof.
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103113221A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-05-22 | 江苏高科石化股份有限公司 | Alcohol ester type environment-friendly lubricating oil base oil as well as preparation method and use thereof |
| CN104557777A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method of N-methyl piperazine |
| CN104774695A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-15 | 江苏佳华新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of low-freezing diesel ester-type antiwear additive |
| CN105219480A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-06 | 广汉市天舟航空发动机燃料科技有限公司 | A kind of tetramethylolmethane ester base oil and synthetic method thereof |
| CN105419910A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-23 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Chain oil composition with excellent high temperature abrasion resistance |
| CN106748759A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | A kind of preparation method of bio-based pentaerythritol fatty ester |
| CN106966905A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-07-21 | 广州嘉德乐生化科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of pentaerythrite tristearate |
| CN107829306A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-23 | 中复神鹰碳纤维有限责任公司 | Covering property carbon fibre precursor finish and preparation method thereof |
| CN109225314A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-18 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of application for the method and acid mesopore molecular sieve preparing acid mesopore molecular sieve using sodium peroxydisulfate |
| CN109248707A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-22 | 青岛科技大学 | It is a kind of acidity mesopore molecular sieve preparation method and its application in catalytic esterification |
| CN110511795A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-11-29 | 中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of process of preparing of novel ester type diesel antiwear additive |
| CN112574029A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Preparation method of polyol ester |
| CN115029165A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-09-09 | 兖矿水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Methanol diesel oil micro-emulsification dispersant, preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN103113221A (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-05-22 | 江苏高科石化股份有限公司 | Alcohol ester type environment-friendly lubricating oil base oil as well as preparation method and use thereof |
| CN104557777A (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2015-04-29 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method of N-methyl piperazine |
| CN104557777B (en) * | 2015-01-09 | 2016-08-31 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of N methyl piperazine |
| CN104774695A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-15 | 江苏佳华新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of low-freezing diesel ester-type antiwear additive |
| CN105219480A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-01-06 | 广汉市天舟航空发动机燃料科技有限公司 | A kind of tetramethylolmethane ester base oil and synthetic method thereof |
| CN105219480B (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2018-03-27 | 广汉市天舟航空发动机燃料科技有限公司 | A kind of pentaerythrite ester base oil and its synthetic method |
| CN105419910A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-23 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Chain oil composition with excellent high temperature abrasion resistance |
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| CN107829306B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-04-10 | 中复神鹰碳纤维有限责任公司 | Coated carbon fiber precursor oiling agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN107829306A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-23 | 中复神鹰碳纤维有限责任公司 | Covering property carbon fibre precursor finish and preparation method thereof |
| CN109225314A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-18 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of application for the method and acid mesopore molecular sieve preparing acid mesopore molecular sieve using sodium peroxydisulfate |
| CN109248707A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-01-22 | 青岛科技大学 | It is a kind of acidity mesopore molecular sieve preparation method and its application in catalytic esterification |
| CN109225314B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2021-07-06 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for preparing acidic mesoporous molecular sieve by using sodium persulfate and application of acidic mesoporous molecular sieve |
| CN109248707B (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2021-07-06 | 青岛科技大学 | Preparation method of acidic mesoporous molecular sieve and application of acidic mesoporous molecular sieve in catalytic esterification reaction |
| CN110511795A (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2019-11-29 | 中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司 | A kind of process of preparing of novel ester type diesel antiwear additive |
| CN112574029A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-03-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Preparation method of polyol ester |
| CN112574029B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2023-01-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Preparation method of polyol ester |
| CN115029165A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-09-09 | 兖矿水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Methanol diesel oil micro-emulsification dispersant, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115029165B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2023-06-30 | 兖矿水煤浆气化及煤化工国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Methanol diesel oil microemulsified dispersant and preparation method and application thereof |
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