CN102875231A - Fully-degradable mulching film capable of applying fertilizer, and preparation method for fully-degradable mulching film - Google Patents
Fully-degradable mulching film capable of applying fertilizer, and preparation method for fully-degradable mulching film Download PDFInfo
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- CN102875231A CN102875231A CN2012103878004A CN201210387800A CN102875231A CN 102875231 A CN102875231 A CN 102875231A CN 2012103878004 A CN2012103878004 A CN 2012103878004A CN 201210387800 A CN201210387800 A CN 201210387800A CN 102875231 A CN102875231 A CN 102875231A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fully-degradable mulching film capable of applying fertilizer. The fully-degradable mulching film capable of applying the fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 30 to 60 percent of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), 10 to 30 percent of polylactic acid, 10 to 30 percent of starch, 5 to 10 percent of plasticizer, 0 to 2 percent of chain extender, 5 to 20 percent of chemical fertilizer microcapsule, 5 to 10 percent of filler and 0 to 5 percent of fully-degradable color master batch. The space region is covered by the fully-degradable mulching film to ensure that the temperature and the humidity meet the requirement, polyvinyl alcohol on the surfaces of the fertilizer microcapsules is dissolved to ensure that the surfaces of the fertilizer microcapsules have porous sustained-release structures, and the fertilizer is slowly separated out under the humid conditions for drop irrigation of crops, so that the function of applying the fertilizer to the crops is exerted. After the crops are harvested completely, the fully-degradable mulching film is not needed to be recovered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of degradable mulch film and preparation method thereof that can topdress, belong to technical field of polymer materials.
Background technology
Mulch film is one of production means important in the agriculture production, not only can improve ground temperature, water conservation, soil conservation, fertilizer conservation raising fertilizer efficiency, and also have weed eradication, diseases prevention worm, take precautions against drought waterlogging-resistant, press down salt and keep a full stand of seedings, improve light and heat condition near the ground, make the multiple functions such as product hygiene.
China is as a large agricultural country, and is vast in territory, and the climate difference of various places is very large, thus since nearly 30 years the application and development of mulch film all very rapidly, be the country that mulch film consumption is maximum in the world, area coverage is maximum, the nurse crop kind is the widest.Flourish film-mulching technique makes this traditional agriculture big country of China, has walked out the road of an agricultural year stable yields, for major contribution has been made in the Economic development of China.
Film-mulching technique has also brought serious pollution to soil when bringing enormous benefits for China's agricultural produce, exist the potentially dangerous of white pollution.Because the most of mulch films that use at present are polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride mulch film, such ground membrane stability is high, and the fragment that remains in the soil can not by soil microbial degradation, can not absorbed by cropsly utilize.A large amount of mulch films is residual has brought serious negative impact for farmland ecological environment and agriculture production, causes the series of problems such as Soil structure destruction, farmland quality decline, crop failure and farming operation are obstructed, secondary environment pollution.Use in addition the farm crop of membrane covering need to manually puncture mulch film in vegetative period farm crop are carried out topdressing of drip irrigation type, the quantity that has also increased broken film when having consumed a large amount of manpower and materials is that the recovery of later stage mulch film has caused difficulty.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of high-fall mulch film and preparation method thereof that topdresses.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of degradable mulch film that can topdress, the described degradable proportioning that each components in mass portion of mulch film counts meter of can topdressing is:
Preferably, the density of wherein said PBAT is 1.26g/cm
3, second-order transition temperature is-29 ℃, fusing point is 115 ℃.
Preferably, the molecular-weight average of wherein said poly(lactic acid) is 4～1,500,000, and glass temperature range is 40～60 ℃.
Preferably, wherein said starch is one or more of W-Gum, tapioca (flour), yam starch, wheat starch or pea starch.
Preferably, wherein said chainextender is a kind of among BASF chainextender JONCRYL ADR-4368 or the BASF chainextender JONCRYLADR-4370S.
Preferably, wherein said softening agent is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, Xylitol, N.F,USP MANNITOL or thanomin.
Preferably, wherein said chemical fertilizer micro-capsule is one or more of the agrochemical such as the ammonium sulfate that wraps up with polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium chloride, Repone K, saltpetre, calcium superphosphate and other agricultural composite fertilizers.
Preferably, wherein said filler is one or more of talcum powder, light calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide or aluminium hydroxide.
Preferably, the color of wherein said degradable Masterbatch is a kind of of black or white.
Can the topdress preparation method of mulch film of described degradable may further comprise the steps:
1) preparation of chemical fertilizer micro-capsule: first chemical fertilizer granule is ground into 100 purpose powder, is scattered in the glycerol solution of polyvinyl alcohol, prepare again the polyvinyl alcohol micro-capsule of chemical fertilizer with spray-drying process;
2) raw material mixes: according to aforementioned proportion with step 1) the agrochemical micro-capsule and PBAT, poly(lactic acid), starch, softening agent, chainextender, the filler that obtain join in the high-speed mixer, and make it evenly mixed;
3) at the twin screw extruder internal reaction: with step 2) mixture that obtains adds in the twin screw extruder mixingly, after extruding, cools off, granulation;
4) pellet that step 3) is obtained cooperates the degradable Masterbatch to carry out secondary processing again, can obtain the degradable mulch film that can topdress.
The present invention utilizes the temperature and humidity in the degradable membrane covering area of space that the polyvinyl alcohol on chemical fertilizer micro-capsule surface is dissolved, make chemical fertilizer micro-capsule surface form the porous sustained-release structure, the chemical fertilizer of slowly separating out under the condition of humidity carries out drip irrigation to farm crop, and then farm crop are played the effect of topdressing.By the time crop harvesting complete after, the degradable mulch film need not reclaim, and it is directly embedded in the soil after mulch film is degradable in soil, the chemical fertilizer that remains in the film can play a positive role to the enhancing of soil soil power again, for the plantation in next season brings convenience.Compare with traditional polyethylene ground film, in the cost of labor that has reduced winder and topdressed, also stopped residual in soil of polyethylene broken film, in the time of protection of the environment, improved the quality of ploughing, meet the requirement of sustainable development.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1) the present invention adopts the glycerol solution of polyvinyl alcohol and chemical fertilizer powder to prepare the chemical fertilizer micro-capsule by spray-drying process, improved chemical fertilizer sustained release performance and with the consistency of resin;
2) the present invention adopts thermoplastic starch to fill PBAT and poly(lactic acid), and thermoplastic starch is scattered in the matrix of resin compound uniformly, when reducing material cost, has kept the fully bio-degradable performance of material;
3) softening agent used in the present invention so that starch has had thermoplasticity, thereby has improved the processability of starch;
4) chainextender used in the present invention, so that PBAT and PLA two-phase interface tension force reduce, interface binding power increases, thereby has improved mechanical compatibility and the mechanical property of co-mixing system;
5) employed twin screw extruder in the production process of the present invention, cooling water circulation utilization does not produce waste water, waste gas and waste residue, and can accomplish scale production.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
First polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the glycerol of heat under the condition that stirs, then the ammonium sulfate powder that crushes is distributed in the glycerol solution of polyvinyl alcohol, again this mixture is sprayed into the inertia hot gas flow and make drop be shrunk to sphere, so dry, can get the ammonium sulfate micro-capsule.
30 mass parts PBAT, 10 mass parts poly(lactic acid), 30 mass parts W-Gums, 10 mass parts glycerol, 2 mass parts BASF chainextender JONCRYL ADR-4368,8 mass parts ammonium sulfate micro-capsules and 10 mass parts light calcium carbonates are mixed in high-speed mixer, then mixture is mixing in twin screw extruder, each section of twin screw extruder Temperature Setting is T
1=150 ℃, T
2=160 ℃, T
3=160 ℃, T
4=165 ℃, T
5=165 ℃, T
6=170 ℃, the twin screw extruder rotating speed is R=300rmin
-1Afterwards, extrude, cooling, granulation namely obtain for can the topdress material of mulch film of degradable; Cooperate again the degradable Masterbatch namely to obtain the degradable mulch film that can topdress through secondary processing, by degraded test and field planting simultaneous test, result such as following table:
By upper table as can be known, use degradable can topdress mulch film and common polythene mulch film on the growing state of crop almost without affecting.
Embodiment 2:
First polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the glycerol of heat under the condition that stirs, then the Repone K powder that crushes is distributed in the glycerol solution of polyvinyl alcohol, again this mixture is sprayed into the inertia hot gas flow and make drop be shrunk to sphere, so dry, can get the Repone K micro-capsule.
60 mass parts PBAT, 10 mass parts poly(lactic acid), 10 mass parts tapioca (flour)s, 5 mass parts ethylene glycol, 10 mass parts Repone K micro-capsules and 5 mass parts talcum powder are mixed in high-speed mixer, then mixture is mixing in twin screw extruder, each section of twin screw extruder Temperature Setting is T
1=155 ℃, T
2=165 ℃, T
3=165 ℃, T
4=165 ℃, T
5=170 ℃, T
6=175 ℃, the twin screw extruder rotating speed is R=300rmin
-1Afterwards, extrude, cooling, granulation namely obtain for can the topdress material of mulch film of degradable; The broken color master batch namely obtains the degradable mulch film that can topdress through secondary processing again, by degraded test and field planting simultaneous test, and result such as following table:
By upper table as can be known, use degradable can topdress mulch film and common polythene mulch film on the growing state of crop almost without affecting.
Embodiment 3:
First polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the glycerol of heat under the condition that stirs, then the calcium superphosphate that crushes is distributed in the glycerol solution of polyvinyl alcohol, again this mixture is sprayed into the inertia hot gas flow and make drop be shrunk to sphere, so dry, can get the calcium superphosphate micro-capsule.
The poly-PBAT of 30 mass parts, 30 mass parts poly(lactic acid), 10 mass parts W-Gums, 5 mass parts propylene glycol, 20 mass parts calcium superphosphate micro-capsules and 5 mass parts light calcium carbonates are mixed in high-speed mixer, then mixture is mixing in twin screw extruder, each section of twin screw extruder Temperature Setting is T
1=145 ℃, T
2=155 ℃, T
3=165 ℃, T
4=165 ℃, T
5=170 ℃, T
6=175 ℃, the twin screw extruder rotating speed is R=300rmin
-1Afterwards, extrude, cooling, granulation namely obtain for can the topdress material of mulch film of degradable; Cooperate the degradable Masterbatch namely to obtain the degradable mulch film that can topdress through secondary processing, its performance is as follows again:
By upper table as can be known, use degradable can topdress mulch film and common polythene mulch film on the growing state of crop almost without affecting.
Embodiment 4:
First polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the glycerol of heat under the condition that stirs, then the saltpetre that crushes is distributed in the glycerol solution of polyvinyl alcohol, again this mixture is sprayed into the inertia hot gas flow and make drop be shrunk to sphere, so dry, can get the saltpetre micro-capsule.
40 mass parts PBAT, 20 mass parts poly(lactic acid), 20 mass parts wheat starches, 5 mass parts propylene glycol, 2 mass parts BASF chainextender JONCRYL ADR-4370S, 5 mass parts saltpetre micro-capsules and 8 mass parts talcum powder are mixed in high-speed mixer, then mixture is mixing in twin screw extruder, each section of twin screw extruder Temperature Setting is T
1=145 ℃, T
2=150 ℃, T
3=155 ℃, T
4=165 ℃, T
5=165 ℃, T
6=170 ℃, the twin screw extruder rotating speed is R=300rmin
-1Afterwards, extrude, cooling, granulation namely obtain for can the topdress material of mulch film of degradable; Cooperate the degradable Masterbatch namely to obtain the degradable mulch film that can topdress through secondary processing, its performance is as follows again:
By upper table as can be known, use degradable can topdress mulch film and common polythene mulch film on the growing state of crop almost without affecting.
Embodiment 5
First polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the glycerol of heat under the condition that stirs, then the ammonium chloride powder that crushes is distributed in the glycerol solution of polyvinyl alcohol, again this mixture is sprayed into the inertia hot gas flow and make drop be shrunk to sphere, so dry, can get the ammonium chloride micro-capsule.
50 mass parts PBAT, 10 mass parts poly(lactic acid), 15 mass parts W-Gums, 8 mass parts thanomins, 2 mass parts BASF chainextender JONCRYL ADR-4370S, 10 mass parts ammonium chloride micro-capsules and 5 mass parts light calcium carbonates are mixed in high-speed mixer, then mixture is mixing in twin screw extruder, each section of twin screw extruder Temperature Setting is T
1=155 ℃, T
2=160 ℃, T
3=165 ℃, T
4=165 ℃, T
5=170 ℃, T
6=175 ℃, the twin screw extruder rotating speed is R=300rmin
-1Afterwards, extrude, cooling, granulation namely obtain for can the topdress material of mulch film of degradable; The broken color master batch namely obtains the degradable mulch film that can topdress through secondary processing again, and its performance is as follows:
By upper table as can be known, use degradable can topdress mulch film and common polythene mulch film on the growing state of crop almost without affecting.
Embodiment 6
First polyvinyl alcohol is dissolved in the glycerol of heat under the condition that stirs, then the ammonium chloride powder that crushes is distributed in the glycerol solution of polyvinyl alcohol, again this mixture is sprayed into the inertia hot gas flow and make drop be shrunk to sphere, so dry, can get the ammonium chloride micro-capsule.
40 mass parts PBAT, 15 mass parts poly(lactic acid), 15 mass parts W-Gums, 6 mass parts thanomins, 1 mass parts BASF chainextender JONCRYL ADR-4370S, 15 mass parts ammonium chloride micro-capsules and 8 mass parts light calcium carbonates are mixed in high-speed mixer, then mixture is mixing in twin screw extruder, each section of twin screw extruder Temperature Setting is T
1=155 ℃, T
2=160 ℃, T
3=165 ℃, T
4=165 ℃, T
5=170 ℃, T
6=175 ℃, the twin screw extruder rotating speed is R=300rmin
-1Afterwards, extrude, cooling, granulation namely obtain for can the topdress material of mulch film of degradable; Cooperate the degradable Masterbatch namely to obtain the degradable mulch film that can topdress through secondary processing, its performance is as follows again:
By upper table as can be known, use degradable can topdress mulch film and common polythene mulch film on the growing state of crop almost without affecting.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. degradable mulch film that can topdress is characterized in that, the described degradable proportioning that each components in mass portion of mulch film counts meter of can topdressing is: PBAT 30～60%; Poly(lactic acid) 10～30%; Starch 10～30%; Softening agent 5～10%; Chainextender 0～2%; Chemical fertilizer micro-capsule 5～20%; Filler 5～10%; Degradable Masterbatch 0～5%.
2. the degradable according to claim 1 mulch film that can topdress is characterized in that the density of wherein said PBAT is 1.26g/cm
3, second-order transition temperature is-29 ℃, fusing point is 115 ℃.
3. the degradable according to claim 1 mulch film that can topdress is characterized in that the molecular-weight average of described poly(lactic acid) is 4～1,500,000, and glass temperature range is 40～60 ℃.
4. the degradable according to claim 1 mulch film that can topdress is characterized in that described starch is one or more of W-Gum, tapioca (flour), yam starch, wheat starch or pea starch.
5. the degradable according to claim 1 mulch film that can topdress is characterized in that, described chainextender is a kind of among BASF chainextender JONCRYL ADR-4368 or the BASF chainextender JONCRYL ADR-4370S.
6. the degradable according to claim 1 mulch film that can topdress is characterized in that described softening agent is one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, Xylitol, N.F,USP MANNITOL or thanomin.
7. the degradable according to claim 1 mulch film that can topdress, it is characterized in that described chemical fertilizer micro-capsule is one or more of the agrochemical such as the ammonium sulfate that wraps up with polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium chloride, Repone K, saltpetre, calcium superphosphate and other agricultural composite fertilizers.
8. the degradable according to claim 1 mulch film that can topdress is characterized in that described filler is one or more of talcum powder, light calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide or aluminium hydroxide.
9. the degradable preparation method of mulch film that can topdress is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) preparation of chemical fertilizer micro-capsule: first chemical fertilizer granule is ground into 100 purpose powder, is scattered in the glycerol solution of polyvinyl alcohol, prepare again the polyvinyl alcohol micro-capsule of chemical fertilizer with spray-drying process;
2) raw material mixes: according to aforementioned proportion with step 1) the agrochemical micro-capsule that obtains and PBAT, poly(lactic acid), starch, softening agent, chainextender, the filler of described mass fraction join in the high-speed mixer, and make it evenly mixed;
3) at the twin screw extruder internal reaction: with step 2) mixture that obtains adds in the twin screw extruder mixingly, after extruding, cools off, granulation.
10. the degradable according to claim 9 preparation method of mulch film that can topdress is characterized in that also comprise step 4): the pellet that step 3) is obtained cooperates the degradable Masterbatch to carry out secondary processing again.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103087482A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-05-08 | 武汉华丽生物材料有限公司 | Fully-degradable heat-insulation mulch and preparation method thereof |
| CN103740066A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 普宁市华芝路生物材料有限公司 | Fully-biodegradable resin |
| CN106243647A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-21 | 深圳晨美颜料色母粒有限公司 | A kind of black agglomerate for biodegradable plastic |
| CN106243648A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-21 | 深圳晨美颜料色母粒有限公司 | A kind of black agglomerate for fully biodegradable plastics |
| CN106543668A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-29 | 浙江家乐蜜园艺科技有限公司 | A kind of biodegradation black mulch film and preparation method thereof |
| CN107778793A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-09 | 中山明峰生物塑料有限公司 | One kind can blown film compost resin and preparation method thereof |
| CN108003579A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-05-08 | 东莞市绿睿塑胶科技有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly degradable polybag and its manufacture craft |
| CN108774373A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-09 | 安徽鼎正包装材料有限公司 | A kind of express delivery packaging film of PVA bases controlled degradation and Fertilizer Transformed |
| CN111165242A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-19 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Fertilizer type biodegradable mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN113717507A (en) * | 2021-10-07 | 2021-11-30 | 红河弘毅农业发展有限责任公司 | Tobacco planting biodegradable mulching film capable of improving soil performance and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103087482A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-05-08 | 武汉华丽生物材料有限公司 | Fully-degradable heat-insulation mulch and preparation method thereof |
| CN103740066A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2014-04-23 | 普宁市华芝路生物材料有限公司 | Fully-biodegradable resin |
| CN106243647A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-21 | 深圳晨美颜料色母粒有限公司 | A kind of black agglomerate for biodegradable plastic |
| CN106243648A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-12-21 | 深圳晨美颜料色母粒有限公司 | A kind of black agglomerate for fully biodegradable plastics |
| CN106543668A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-29 | 浙江家乐蜜园艺科技有限公司 | A kind of biodegradation black mulch film and preparation method thereof |
| CN107778793A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-09 | 中山明峰生物塑料有限公司 | One kind can blown film compost resin and preparation method thereof |
| CN108003579A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-05-08 | 东莞市绿睿塑胶科技有限公司 | A kind of environment-friendly degradable polybag and its manufacture craft |
| CN108774373A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2018-11-09 | 安徽鼎正包装材料有限公司 | A kind of express delivery packaging film of PVA bases controlled degradation and Fertilizer Transformed |
| CN111165242A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-19 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Fertilizer type biodegradable mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN113717507A (en) * | 2021-10-07 | 2021-11-30 | 红河弘毅农业发展有限责任公司 | Tobacco planting biodegradable mulching film capable of improving soil performance and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130116 |