CN102874506B - Discharge mechanism used for large-scale pretreatment device for municipal solid wastes, and waste pretreatment device - Google Patents

Discharge mechanism used for large-scale pretreatment device for municipal solid wastes, and waste pretreatment device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102874506B
CN102874506B CN201210409586.8A CN201210409586A CN102874506B CN 102874506 B CN102874506 B CN 102874506B CN 201210409586 A CN201210409586 A CN 201210409586A CN 102874506 B CN102874506 B CN 102874506B
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pretreatment device
discharging mechanism
pendular body
rubbish
swing
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CN102874506A (en
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戴道国
郑杰平
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Hunan Junxin Environmental Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a discharge mechanism used for a large-scale pretreatment device for municipal solid wastes, and a waste pretreatment device. The discharge mechanism comprises more than two swing components positioned at the inner lower part of a fermentation raw material cavity, wherein the waste materials in the fermentation raw material cavity are stacked above the swing components. Each swing component comprises a swing body, a swing driving component and a plurality of digging claws which are arranged on the swing body and are used for breaking the self stacking support of the waste materials, wherein the swing driving component drives the swing body to drive the digging claws to swing. The waste pretreatment device comprises an upright barrel body, and an air pumping component, an automatic temperature control component and the discharge mechanism which are matched with the upright barrel body, wherein the discharge mechanism is positioned at the discharge end of the upright barrel body. The discharge mechanism has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low cost, simplicity in operation, low operating cost, good reliability and the like.

Description

Discharging mechanism and the rubbish pretreatment unit of large-scale pretreatment device is carried out for domestic waste
Technical field
The present invention is mainly concerned with field of environment protection equipment, refers in particular to a kind of being mainly applicable to and carries out the pretreated discharging mechanism of scale to house refuse and have the rubbish pretreatment unit of this discharging mechanism.
Background technology
Along with the quick propelling of Urbanization Progress, domestic waste increases sharply, and garbage disposal ability relative deficiency has been the difficulty that city faces.People, in line with the principle of suiting measures to local conditions, progressively and select safe and reliable, advanced environmental protection, land saving energy saving, economic and practical technology of garbage disposal, to expect to basically form the ability to be harmless matched with Output of Domestic Waste.As published Chinese patent application: a kind of devices and methods therefor for scale pretreatment house refuse (publication number 102626710A); wherein disclosed technical scheme just achieves the removal of organic matter and the reduction of water ratio of rubbish well, garbage drying successful.This device has the advantages such as simple and compact for structure, floor area is little, can realize the pretreated scale of house refuse, industrialization, through engineering approaches and continuous Detroit automation.This device is mainly applicable to scale pretreatment house refuse; but from technical standpoint; the rubbish be in vertical type fermentation storehouse belongs to the material of large volume, large quality, high pressure; and be in again there is quite height vertical type fermentation storehouse in time, so how to realize smoothly and continuous discharge just seems particularly important.
In published technical scheme, rubbish pretreatment unit is intended taking traditional spiral discharging mode, but spiral discharge device is mainly applicable to the little material situation of rickle body, little quality, pressure, its be applied to large volume, large quality, high pressure situation there is larger difficulty.By long-term practical studies, find that its reason is just:
1, the dump cognition of large volume, large quality, high pressure all falls within spiral discharge device, now spiral discharge device needs huge weight (pressure) power bearing junk-heap body, and spiral discharge device is often difficult to effectively support its top rubbish, the running of whole spiral discharge device simultaneously needs huge bearing to support, and causes overall volume, taking up room becomes huge.
2, junk-heap body all falls within spiral discharge device, when spiral discharge device wants normal operation, just must overcome huge force of sliding friction and force of rolling friction, according to friction force computing formula f=μ N, sink the rubbish friction coefficient in fact between 0.5 ~ 0.8, and the rubbish of tens of tons of weight will produce slip and the force of rolling friction of tens of tons.Like this, just require that spiral discharge device needs enough Rigidity and strengths on the one hand, also need the enough powerful actuating device of power, normally carrying out of guarantee bolt discharging on the other hand simultaneously.
3, whole rubbish pretreatment unit is in for a long time and does not shut down mode of operation, to ensure the continuity of garbage disposal.So, the synergy being in huge normal stress, huge force of sliding friction and force of rolling friction for a long time just operates by spiral discharge device, cause bolt drawing mechanism very easily to deform, service life reduces greatly, carries out maintenance will become a kind of normality to it.
4, effective running of spiral discharge device will be ensured; bearing and the actuating device of spiral discharge device, support helix drawing mechanism all must have enough strength and stiffness; the specification of these devices will be all huge; this just needs spend huge material usage and spend huge drive energy; cost of manufacture, operating cost are all very high, are difficult to carry out large-scale promotion application.
Separately have practitioner to propose a kind of drum-type garbage drawing mechanism, namely such as Chinese patent ZL200620060370.5 discloses a kind of drawing mechanism with solving Multi-layer panel-turnover refuse disposal system discharging problem.But for the large volume be in the vertical type fermentation storehouse with quite height, large quality, high pressure material, it cannot reach preferably result of use equally.Although the cylinder rotating manner that it adopts is fewer than spiral discharging mode force of sliding friction, still there is the problem that above-mentioned spiral discharge device runs into.The deficiency of this drum-type drawing mechanism is just:
1, junk-heap body all falls within cylinder drawing mechanism, roller device will operate, and must overcome huge force of rolling friction, according to friction force computing formula f=μ N, sink the rubbish friction coefficient in fact between 0.5 ~ 0.8, and the rubbish of tens of tons of weight will produce the force of rolling friction of tens of tons.This just requires that cylinder drawing mechanism has enough rigidity, intensity on the one hand, requires that it has enough powerful actuating device on the other hand simultaneously.
2, cylinder drawing mechanism to be made to ensure effective running for a long time; bearing and the actuating device of cylinder drawing mechanism, back-up roller drawing mechanism all must have enough strength and stiffness; so the specification of these devices will be all huge; need spend huge material usage and spend huge drive energy; cost of manufacture, operating cost are all very high, are finally difficult to realize large-scale promotion application.
3, cylinder is more disadvantageous than spiral is that cylinder is closed, and cylinder itself will support whole garbage weight, is not easy to connect stiffener in cylinder space, makes cylinder wall very thick, larger than spiral of waste of material, is more not easy to maximize, through engineering approaches.
4, from principle of design, drum-type drawing mechanism does not have the principle design discharge method according to rubbish self-supporting, but by rubbish " strand " mode out by force after taking rotation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is just: the technical matters existed for prior art; the invention provides a kind of simple and compact for structure, with low cost, easy and simple to handle, operating cost is low, the discharging mechanism and the rubbish pretreatment unit that carry out large-scale pretreatment device for domestic waste of good reliability; it is to the volume of the rubbish material in installation for fermenting and highly do not limit, and can realize the discharging to scale mummification rubbish.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
Carry out a discharging mechanism for large-scale pretreatment device for domestic waste, comprise the plural wobble component being positioned at bottom, fermentation raw material chamber, the rubbish material in fermentation raw material chamber is piled up in the top of wobble component; Described wobble component comprise pendular body, wobble drive part and be arranged on pendular body several be used for destroying that rubbish material piles up self-supporting digs pawl, described wobble drive part drives pendular body to swing with digging pawl.
As a further improvement on the present invention:
Plural described wobble component is parallel successively to be in the horizontal direction arranged side by side.
Described wobble drive part comprises roller bearing, bearing and Motorized drive unit, and described roller bearing to be connected on pendular body and to be supported on supporting part by bearing.
The shape of described pendular body is fan-shaped body or semicircular body.
Affixed or have several stiffeners by assembly connection on the outer arc inwall of described pendular body.
Described several dig pawl and are arranged in a row or more on pendular body.
Described Motorized drive unit comprises Hydraulic Pump, actuating system and Transmission, by Hydraulic Pump by the transmission of power of driving engine to actuating system, actuating system promotes Transmission action and also drives pendular body.
The present invention further discloses a kind of rubbish pretreatment unit, comprise vertical cylinder and be used for the exhausting assembly, the temperature automatic control assembly that coordinate with vertical cylinder; It also comprises above-mentioned discharging mechanism, and described discharging mechanism is positioned at the discharge end of vertical cylinder.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, the present invention is simple and compact for structure, with low cost, easy and simple to handle, operating cost is low, good reliability, dig pawl by driving to carry out swinging continuously carrying out excavating and cutting, effectively destroy the self-supporting of sanitary fill, once after sanitary fill do not support, sanitary fill will become loose, and then taken out of, thus achieve continuous, the failure-free discharging of rubbish.
2, in the present invention, the type of drive of wobble drive part is superior, what take is the principle being similar to excavating machine, by Hydraulic Pump by the transmission of power of driving engine to power elements such as hydraulic actuating cylinders, push the work forward device action, equipment is connected with the rotating shaft of pendular body, and propulsive effort is large.Owing to adopting hydraulic-driven, effectively can realize slow speed operation, be conducive to intelligentized control method, also be conducive to protecting discharging mechanism.
3, the pendular body in the present invention adopts fan (semicircle) shape body, compares conveyor screw and cylinder, has saved material over half, and fan (semicircle) shape body is non-closed state, be convenient to weld stiffener, make arc-shaped circumference wall thickness thinner, further save material.Meanwhile, fan (semicircle) shape body is compared conveyor screw and only need be overcome force of rolling friction, needs the friction resistance overcome to reduce half; Compared to barrel, decrease the row of roller tooth, a row or two rows are only set, further reduce friction force.Because conventional helical body or barrel all take roll mode, excessive with the contact surface of rubbish, need to overcome whole friction force, and the mode that swings only need overcome local friction, the driving of needs can be little, therefore saves and drive energy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of discharging mechanism of the present invention in application example.
Fig. 2 is the side-looking structural representation of discharging mechanism of the present invention in application example.
Fig. 3 is that discharging mechanism of the present invention overlooks structure for amplifying schematic diagram in application example.
Fig. 4 is the plan structure schematic diagram of pendular body in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of pendular body in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of stiffener in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the plan structure schematic diagram that multiple pendular body is driven by driven unit more than two difference interval respectively in embody rule example.
Fig. 8 is the principle schematic that multiple pendular body is driven by driven unit more than two difference interval respectively in embody rule example.
Fig. 9 is that in embody rule example, multiple pendular body is set to one group and the plan structure schematic diagram driven by a set of driven unit.
Figure 10 is that in embody rule example, multiple pendular body is set to one group and the principle schematic driven by a set of driven unit.
Marginal data:
1, wobble component; 2, pendular body; 3, pawl is dug; 4, roller bearing; 5, bearing; 6, wobble drive part; 61, Hydraulic Pump; 62, actuating system; 63, Transmission; 7, supporting part; 8, fermentation raw material chamber; 9, stiffener; 10, vertical cylinder.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details.
By long-term practical studies, find the smooth discharging that will realize rubbish, just first must analyze the mechanical property of rubbish.The mechanical property of rubbish is on the whole:
1, rubbish contains fibre composition (paper, plastics, fabric, rope, iron wire etc.), makes rubbish be difficult to isolate separation.
2, rubbish contains the organic matter and physics, chemistry, biodegradable component that can be decomposed by the microorganisms in a large number, causes garbage bulk to reduce.
3, rubbish has obvious strain harding law after completing with fermentation during the fermentation.Namely there is the feature that shearing resistance increases with strain or shear displacemant and increases.
4, because the strain harding law in rubbish fermentation process and after having fermented makes junk-heap body have " self-supporting " phenomenon of strain-hardening material generation, namely usually said rubbish arch formation.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3; the discharging mechanism carrying out large-scale pretreatment device for domestic waste of the present invention comprises the plural wobble component 1 being positioned at bottom, fermentation raw material chamber 8; wobble component 1 is mainly positioned at the discharging opening position of rubbish pretreatment unit, and plural wobble component 1 is parallel successively to be in the horizontal direction arranged side by side.Wobble component 1 comprise pendular body 2, wobble drive part 6 and be arranged on pendular body 2 several be used for destroying that rubbish material piles up self-supporting digs pawl 3, whole wobble component 1 is supported by supporting part 7, wobble drive part 6 comprises roller bearing 4, bearing 5 and Motorized drive unit, roller bearing 4 is connected on pendular body 2, and be supported on supporting part 7 by bearing 5, under the effect of Motorized drive unit, roller bearing 4 completes swing with pendular body 2.
Be filled with the rubbish material continuously fermented in fermentation raw material chamber 8, when reaching discharging condition, driving pendular body 2 swings by wobble drive part 6, and the pawl 3 that digs be arranged on pendular body 2 swings thereupon.When digging pawl 3 and swinging, will the rubbish material be positioned on discharging mechanism (i.e. wobble component 1) be cut; Meanwhile, along with the swing of pendular body 2, the rubbish material cut can be rolled up the below to pendular body 2, thus realize continuous discharge through digging pawl 3.
Because the rubbish material in fermentation raw material chamber 8 can drop on wobble component 1 under the effect of deadweight, progressively form comparatively " firmly " heaped-up, also define gradually " bearing " of rubbish material self.The innovative principle of discharging mechanism of the present invention is just, according to the characteristic being difficult to isolating property, strain hardenability, self-supporting of rubbish, rubbish material is placed on plural pendular body 2, pendular body 2 is equivalent to bridge pier, digging the contact site that pawl 3 carries out excavating and cutting is just in time bearing (being equivalent to bridge pier) place when rubbish material is piled up, once bearing is destroyed, " the firm stacking states " of rubbish material will be destroyed, the entirety of rubbish material will loosen, rubbish material after loose will be pulled away along with the motion of pendular body 2, and falls down from gap.Now, because the rubbish material heap body be positioned on pendular body 2 has lacked bearing, the rubbish material of last layer sinks and continues to produce and builds bridge, and dig bearing (bridge pier) the position destruction that pawl 3 will be positioned at again the rubbish material accumulation nearby of pendular body 2 phase, cause rubbish material accumulation loosen and take away original position.After so repeated multiple times, layer by layer rubbish material will be pushed out to pendular body less than 2, and then realize continuous, stable discharging.In this principle, the swing repeatedly of pendular body 2 destroys the self-supporting of junk-heap body, and dig pawl 3 and have powerful pressure excavation and cutting ability, what solve rubbish is difficult to isolating property and strain hardenability.The Motorized drive unit being used for driving pendular body 2 and digging pawl 3 to swing can adopt hydraulic part, makes it have powerful propelling thrust, and can control rate effectively.The pawl 3 that digs in said structure is different from existing spiral and roller tooth, dig that pawl 3 takes be excavate and cutting action to destroy the bearing of junk-heap body, and spiral and cylinder are by being rubbish " strand " out, and discharging difficulty is very large.
For discharging mechanism of the present invention generally speaking, material usage is relatively little, and the driving of needs can be also relatively little, effectively can realize microrunning; During operation, discharging mechanism needs the number of times of maintenance relatively less, is convenient to large-scale promotion application.
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, in the present embodiment, the shape of pendular body 2 can in fan-shaped body or semicircular body or other shapes, but it only does hunting motion.In other embodiments, can also weld at the outer arc inwall of pendular body 2 or be bolted several stiffeners 9 further, stiffener 9 can adopt adapt with pendular body 2 outer arc inwall fan-shaped or semicircle or other shapes, thus strengthens the integral rigidity of pendular body 2 further.Fan-shaped body or semicircular body compare conveyor screw and cylinder, have saved material over half, simultaneously because fan-shaped body or semicircular body are non-closed states, are convenient to weld stiffener 9, make arc-shaped circumference wall thickness thinner, further save material, reduce cost.The structure of fan-shaped body or semicircular body is compared conveyor screw and only need be overcome force of rolling friction, needs the friction resistance overcome to reduce half; Compared to barrel, further reduce friction force.Existing conveyor screw or barrel all take roll mode, excessive with the contact surface of rubbish material, need to overcome whole friction force, and the mode that swings only need overcome local friction, and the driving of needs can be little, saves and drive energy, reduce energy consumption and operation cost.
In a particular embodiment, several dig pawl 3 can be arranged in certain array-like according to actual needs on pendular body 2, such as, is arranged in a row or more.Dig pawl 3 adopt be similar to excavating equipment dig dentalation, can excavate and cut the rubbish of contact site, reach and destroy the object that self-supporting rubbish material piles up bearing (being similar to bridge pier).Dig pawl 3 and can adopt column structure according to actual needs, or centrum shape structure etc.
In the present embodiment, Motorized drive unit comprises Hydraulic Pump 61, actuating system 62 and Transmission 63, by Hydraulic Pump 61 by the transmission of power of driving engine to the actuating system such as hydraulic actuating cylinder 62, then promote Transmission 63 action, Transmission 63 is connected with roller bearing 4.This type of drive performance is comparatively superior, and what it was taked is the principle being similar to excavating machine, and propulsive effort is large.Owing to adopting hydraulic-driven, also effectively can realize slow speed operation further, be conducive to intelligentized control method, also be conducive to protecting discharging mechanism.
As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, each pendular body 2 arranges separately a set of Motorized drive unit, to realize the independent swing of each pendular body 2, also can share the Motorized drive unit of all complete set to realize the interlock of all pendular bodies 2.That is, in a particular embodiment, several pendular bodies 2 can be set to one group, are driven by a set of Motorized drive unit, can realize that this group pendular body 2 is clockwise also can reverse, and make rubbish loosened and rolled out smoothly while cutting.Certainly, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, also can multiple pendular body 2 being set to more than two, interval driving respectively by overlapping Motorized drive unit more, adjacent pendular body 2 can be realized swing in opposite directions or swing in the same way, rubbish also can be made to be loosened and rolled out smoothly while cutting.
See Fig. 1, the present invention further discloses a kind of rubbish pretreatment unit, it comprises vertical cylinder 10 and is used for the exhausting assembly, the temperature automatic control assembly that coordinate with vertical cylinder 10; It also comprises above-mentioned discharging mechanism, and this discharging mechanism is positioned at the discharge end of vertical cylinder 10, has been used for the continuous discharge of vertical cylinder 10.Temperature automatic control assembly comprises the temperature sensor be installed in vertical cylinder 10 and the ATC Automatic Temperature Control being installed in vertical cylinder 10 outside, the wire of temperature sensor is connected to ATC Automatic Temperature Control by the sealing through hole on vertical cylinder 10 and external insulation thereof, realizes the real-time monitoring to organic matter fermentation temperature.Exhausting assembly is connected with temperature automatic control assembly, can accomplish that air suctiton ventilator starts when exceeding design temperature, stop lower than air suctiton ventilator during design temperature, in order to realize stopping with automatic according to the automatic startup of temperature determination air suctiton ventilator in heap body, even can adopt computer controlled.
Below be only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention be not only confined to above-described embodiment, all technical schemes belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. one kind is carried out the discharging mechanism of large-scale pretreatment device for domestic waste, it is characterized in that: comprise the plural wobble component (1) being positioned at fermentation raw material chamber (8) bottom, the rubbish material in fermentation raw material chamber (8) is piled up in the top of wobble component (1); Described wobble component (1) comprise pendular body (2), wobble drive part (6) and be arranged on pendular body (2) several be used for destroying that rubbish material piles up self-supporting digs pawl (3), described wobble drive part (6) drives pendular body (2) to swing with digging pawl (3).
2. the discharging mechanism carrying out large-scale pretreatment device for domestic waste according to claim 1, is characterized in that: plural described wobble component (1) is parallel successively to be in the horizontal direction arranged side by side.
3. the discharging mechanism carrying out large-scale pretreatment device for domestic waste according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: described wobble drive part (6) comprises roller bearing (4), bearing (5) and Motorized drive unit, described roller bearing (4) is connected to pendular body (2) and goes up and pass through bearing (5) and be supported on supporting part (7).
4. the discharging mechanism carrying out large-scale pretreatment device for domestic waste according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: the shape of described pendular body (2) is fan-shaped body or semicircular body.
5. the discharging mechanism carrying out large-scale pretreatment device for domestic waste according to claim 4, is characterized in that: affixed or have several stiffeners (9) by assembly connection on the outer arc inwall of described pendular body (2).
6. the discharging mechanism carrying out large-scale pretreatment device for domestic waste according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that: described several dig pawl (3) and are arranged in a row or more on pendular body (2).
7. the discharging mechanism carrying out large-scale pretreatment device for domestic waste according to claim 3; it is characterized in that: described Motorized drive unit comprises Hydraulic Pump (61), actuating system (62) and Transmission (63); by Hydraulic Pump (61) by the transmission of power of driving engine to actuating system (62), actuating system (62) promotes Transmission (63) action and also drives pendular body (2).
8. a rubbish pretreatment unit, comprise vertical cylinder (10) and be used for the exhausting assembly, the temperature automatic control assembly that coordinate with vertical cylinder (10), it is characterized in that: also comprise the discharging mechanism described in any one in the claims 1 ~ 7, described discharging mechanism is positioned at the discharge end of vertical cylinder (10).
CN201210409586.8A 2012-10-24 2012-10-24 Discharge mechanism used for large-scale pretreatment device for municipal solid wastes, and waste pretreatment device Active CN102874506B (en)

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CN108675010A (en) * 2018-07-10 2018-10-19 广东宏工物料自动化***有限公司 Pendulum pin type broken arch feed supplementing device

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CN2784082Y (en) * 2005-03-18 2006-05-31 台湾华嘉利股份有限公司 Stirring knife structure for organism regeneration processor
CN201070810Y (en) * 2007-05-28 2008-06-11 黎华新 Hydraulic pressure cutting system for waste and old plastics process and pulverization
CN102225347A (en) * 2011-03-29 2011-10-26 潍坊金丝达实业有限公司 Hammer knife type rubbish crusher
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Address after: 410213 office building of Changsha municipal solid waste treatment plant, Sha Tian Cun, Wangcheng District, Changsha, Hunan

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Patentee before: Dai Daoguo

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