CN102873273B - Method for producing oxide ceramic shell capable of improving TiAl alloy casting surface performances - Google Patents
Method for producing oxide ceramic shell capable of improving TiAl alloy casting surface performances Download PDFInfo
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- CN102873273B CN102873273B CN201210420890.2A CN201210420890A CN102873273B CN 102873273 B CN102873273 B CN 102873273B CN 201210420890 A CN201210420890 A CN 201210420890A CN 102873273 B CN102873273 B CN 102873273B
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Abstract
A method for producing an oxide ceramic shell capable of improving TiAl alloy casting surface performances relates to a method for producing an oxide ceramic shell. The invention aims to solve the defect that a TiAl alloy casting surface does not have enough oxidation resistance, and provides the method for producing the oxide ceramic shell capable of improving the TiAl alloy casting surface performances. The method comprises: 1. surface layer coating production; 2. surface layer shell production; 3. adjacent surface layer shell production; 4. back layer shell production; and 5. shell dewaxing and calcinating, so that the production of the oxide ceramic shell capable of improving the TiAl alloy casting surface performances is completed. The method is applied to the field of producing the oxide ceramic shell capable of improving the TiAl alloy casting surface performances.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould.
Background technology
TiAl alloy is due to its plurality of advantages, be regarded as a kind of high temperature structural material with very large potentiality, in fields such as Aero-Space and automobiles, have broad application prospects, as gas turbine blades, engine exhaust valve, compressor impeller, engine crankcase, diffuser and gas turbine cover plate etc.But TiAl alloy still exists a lot of insoluble problems in actual applications, for example its parts, under most of duties, have high-temperature high-speed airflow to pass through, and are subject to strong oxidation under high temperature.Therefore, TiAl alloy oxidation resistant quality is at high temperature one of key factor determining the workpiece life-span.
In recent years, Chinese scholars adopts several different methods to be studied improving TiAl Alloy Anti oxidisability, and has made some progress.Considered research method is the essence from material at first, TiAl alloy is carried out to Composition Design, realize Integral alloy, and prepare TiAl alloy parts by various manufacturing process, then adopt the means such as high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), heat treatment to improve TiAl alloy parts overall performance, comprise non-oxidizability.Other method is exactly that TiAl alloy parts to preparing carry out surface treatment, and concrete method has deposition and coating, and surface alloying is processed, laser surface modification etc.Therefore, we consider these two class methods to combine, in the situation that alloying component is decided, in the preparation process of parts, component surface is processed, obtain the TiAl alloy surface of function admirable, strengthen its surface oxidation-resistant, thereby also for other surface treatment methods provide the surface being more suitable for than matrix alloy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the shortcoming that will solve TiAl alloy high-temp surface oxidation-resistant deficiency, and a kind of New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould preparation method of the TiAl of improvement alloy-steel casting surface property is provided.
The New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould preparation method of a kind of TiAl of improvement alloy-steel casting surface property of the present invention carries out according to the following steps:
One: the preparation of investment precoat: under the mixing speed of 100～300r/min, in binding agent, add defoamer and wetting agent, then according to the volume ratio of the quality of oxide powder and binding agent, for (2.0～3.8) g: 1mL, in binding agent, add oxide powder, limit edged stirs, after mixing, be prepared into coating, then under the mixing speed of 100～200r/min, by oxide powder in coating, be (0.1～20) with adding quality of materials ratio: 100 add interpolation material in coating, standing after stirring, i.e. the preparation of finished surface coating, wherein, described binding agent is zirconium colloidal sol, described defoamer is n-octyl alcohol, described wetting agent is AEO JFC, the mass ratio of described defoamer and binding agent is (0.01～0.5): 100, the mass ratio of described wetting agent and binding agent is (0.01～0.5): 100, described oxide powder is zirconia or yittrium oxide, granularity is 270～320 orders, described interpolation material is simple substance, the combination of one or more in oxide or compound, wherein, described simple substance is silicon, niobium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, a kind of in yttrium and zirconium, described oxide is Si oxide, niobium oxide, chromated oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, a kind of in yttrium oxide and Zirconium oxide, described compound is for containing niobium compound, chromium compound, molybdenum compound, tungsten compound, a kind of in yttrium compound and zirconium compounds,
Two, the preparation of surface shell: under the mixing speed of 100～200r/min, the investment precoat of preparing in step 1 is stirred after 1～4h, the viscosity of adjusting range coating is to 90s, then wax-pattern is immersed in investment precoat, wax-pattern is mentioned from investment precoat, titanium dioxide zircon sand is sprinkling upon to wax-pattern surface equably, under the environment of 18～30 ℃ of humidity 30～70%, constant temperature, be dried 8～24 hours, completed the preparation of surface shell;
The preparation of three, facing surface shell: under the mixing speed of 100～200r/min, the investment precoat of preparing in step 1 is stirred after 1～4h, the viscosity of adjusting range coating is to 80s, the surface shell of preparing in step 2 is immersed in investment precoat, then surface shell is mentioned from investment precoat, oxidation zircon sand is sprinkling upon on surface shell equably, then under the environment of 18～30 ℃ of humidity 30～70%, constant temperature, be dried 8～24 hours, completed the preparation of facing surface shell;
Four, the preparation of backing layer shell: go out backing layer coating for (2～3.5) g: 1mL carries out mixed preparing by Mullite Powder and Ludox by powder liquor ratio, regulate the viscosity of backing layer coating, then the surface shell that faces of preparing in step 3 is immersed in backing layer coating, to face surface shell mentions from backing layer coating, mullite sand is sprinkling upon to wax-pattern surface equably, then under the environment of 18～30 ℃ of humidity 30～70%, constant temperature, be dried 8～24 hours, completed the preparation of backing layer shell;
Five, the dewaxing of shell and roasting: dry backing layer shell completely in step 4 is carried out to steam dewaxing, the shell that completes dewaxing is carried out to roasting, and the shell that obtains preparing after cooling with stove has completed the preparation of the New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould that improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property.
Invention effect:
The present invention is on the preparation method's of TiAl alloy investment precision casting oxide ceramic molding shell basis, several interpolation materials are joined in the investment precoat of shell, after adding, this material do not change the stable state after Baking, main role is to pour into a mould behind shell inside at the TiAl alloy melt of fusing, the interpolation material adding in investment precoat carries out suitable reacting and diffusion with TiAl alloy melt, surface at TiAl alloy-steel casting forms protective layer, can reduce TiAl alloy-steel casting oxidation behavior in use, improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of TiAl alloy.The novel TiAl alloy precision-investment casting New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould that the present invention prepares, can improve the surface property of TiAl alloy-steel casting, make TiAl alloy can be at higher temperature, under the longer time, use, there is certain meaning.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the investment shell sample after test 1 roasting;
Fig. 2 is 200 times of lower shell surface topographies of petrographic microscope.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one:
One: the preparation of investment precoat: under the mixing speed of 100～300r/min, in binding agent, add defoamer and wetting agent, then according to the volume ratio of the quality of oxide powder and binding agent, for (2.0～3.8) g: 1mL, in binding agent, add oxide powder, limit edged stirs, after mixing, be prepared into coating, then under the mixing speed of 100～200r/min, by oxide powder in coating, be (0.1～20) with adding quality of materials ratio: 100 add interpolation material in coating, standing after stirring, i.e. the preparation of finished surface coating, wherein, described binding agent is zirconium colloidal sol, described defoamer is n-octyl alcohol, described wetting agent is AEO JFC, the mass ratio of described defoamer and binding agent is (0.01～0.5): 100, the mass ratio of described wetting agent and binding agent is (0.01～0.5): 100, described oxide powder is zirconia or yittrium oxide, granularity is 270～320 orders, described interpolation material is simple substance, the combination of one or more in oxide or compound, wherein, described simple substance is silicon, niobium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, a kind of in yttrium and zirconium, described oxide is Si oxide, niobium oxide, chromated oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, a kind of in yttrium oxide and Zirconium oxide, described compound is for containing niobium compound, chromium compound, molybdenum compound, tungsten compound, a kind of in yttrium compound and zirconium compounds,
Two, the preparation of surface shell: under the mixing speed of 100～200r/min, the investment precoat of preparing in step 1 is stirred after 1～4h, the viscosity of adjusting range coating is to 90s, then wax-pattern is immersed in investment precoat, wax-pattern is mentioned from investment precoat, titanium dioxide zircon sand is sprinkling upon to wax-pattern surface equably, under the environment of 18～30 ℃ of humidity 30～70%, constant temperature, be dried 8～24 hours, completed the preparation of surface shell;
The preparation of three, facing surface shell: under the mixing speed of 100～200r/min, the investment precoat of preparing in step 1 is stirred after 1～4h, the viscosity of adjusting range coating is to 80s, the surface shell of preparing in step 2 is immersed in investment precoat, then surface shell is mentioned from investment precoat, oxidation zircon sand is sprinkling upon on surface shell equably, then under the environment of 18～30 ℃ of humidity 30～70%, constant temperature, be dried 8～24 hours, completed the preparation of facing surface shell;
Four, the preparation of backing layer shell: go out backing layer coating for (2～3.5) g: 1mL carries out mixed preparing by Mullite Powder and Ludox by powder liquor ratio, regulate the viscosity of backing layer coating, then the surface shell that faces of preparing in step 3 is immersed in backing layer coating, to face surface shell mentions from backing layer coating, mullite sand is sprinkling upon to wax-pattern surface equably, then under the environment of 18～30 ℃ of humidity 30～70%, constant temperature, be dried 8～24 hours, completed the preparation of backing layer shell;
Five, the dewaxing of shell and roasting: dry backing layer shell completely in step 4 is carried out to steam dewaxing, the shell that completes dewaxing is carried out to roasting, and the shell that obtains preparing after cooling with stove has completed the preparation of the New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould that improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property.
The viscosity of the viscosity of the investment precoat in present embodiment in step 2 and step 3, the backing layer coating in step 4 is by adding binding agent zirconium colloidal sol that viscosity is controlled within the specific limits after its viscosity of measurement.
Present embodiment effect:
Present embodiment is on the preparation method's of TiAl alloy investment precision casting oxide ceramic molding shell basis, several special materials are joined in the investment precoat of shell, after adding, this material do not change the stable state after Baking, main role is to pour into a mould behind shell inside at the TiAl alloy melt of fusing, the special material adding in investment precoat carries out suitable reacting and diffusion with TiAl alloy melt, surface at TiAl alloy-steel casting forms protective layer, can reduce TiAl alloy-steel casting oxidation behavior in use, improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of TiAl alloy.The novel TiAl alloy precision-investment casting New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould that the present invention prepares, can improve the surface property of TiAl alloy-steel casting, make TiAl alloy can be at higher temperature, under the longer time, use, there is certain meaning.
The specific embodiment two: present embodiment is from specifically embodiment one is different: standing 8～12h after stirring in step 1.Other step and parameter are identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: present embodiment is from specifically embodiment one or two is different: in step 1, the viscosity of investment precoat is 80～90s.Other step and parameter are identical with the specific embodiment one or two.
The specific embodiment four: present embodiment is from specifically one of embodiment one to three is different: in step 4, backing layer dope viscosity is 35～40s.Other step and parameter are identical with one of specific embodiment one to three.
The specific embodiment five: present embodiment is from specifically one of embodiment one to four is different: in step 4, Mullite Powder granularity is 320 orders.Other step and parameter are identical with one of specific embodiment one to four.
The specific embodiment six: present embodiment is from specifically one of embodiment one to five is different: the steam pressure of the steam dewaxing described in step 5 is 0.5～0.7MPa, and the dewaxing time is 5～15 minutes.Other step and parameter are identical with one of specific embodiment one to five.
The specific embodiment seven: present embodiment is from specifically one of embodiment one to six is different: first the roasting described in step 5 for being warming up to 200～400 ℃, be incubated 30～60 minutes, then be warmed up to 800～1100 ℃, roasting time 0.5～3 hour.Other step and parameter are identical with one of specific embodiment one to six.
By following verification experimental verification beneficial effect of the present invention:
Test 1:
One: the preparation of investment precoat: adopt mould wash mixer under the mixing speed of 300r/min, in binding agent, add defoamer and wetting agent, then under the mixing speed of 200r/min, according to oxide powder ZrO
2the volume ratio of the quality of powder and binding agent zirconium colloidal sol is that 2.5g: 1mL adds oxide powder ZrO in binding agent zirconium colloidal sol
2powder is prepared into coating after mixing, then under the mixing speed of 200r/min, by adding material Si and oxide powder ZrO
2powder mass ratio is to coating in slowly, uniformly to add interpolation material Si, stir after standing 8h, the i.e. preparation of finished surface coating at 8: 100;
Two, the preparation of surface shell: the investment precoat of preparing in step 1 is utilized mixer to stir after 2h under the mixing speed of 200r/min, by adding binding agent zirconium colloidal sol to make viscosity be controlled at 90s, then wax-pattern is immersed in the investment precoat having obtained in step 1, titanium dioxide zircon sand is sprinkling upon to wax-pattern surface equably, then under the environment of 24 ℃ of humidity 60%, constant temperature, be dried 8 hours, completed the preparation of surface shell;
The preparation of three, facing surface shell: the investment precoat of preparing in step 1 is utilized mixer to stir after 2h under the mixing speed of 200r/min, control viscosity at 80s, the surface shell of preparing in step 2 is immersed in the investment precoat of preparing in step 1, make coating one coating of shell surface uniform, then surface shell is mentioned from investment precoat, oxidation zircon sand is sprinkling upon on surface shell equably, then under the environment of 24 ℃ of humidity 60%, constant temperature, be dried 8 hours, completed the preparation of facing surface shell;
Four, the preparation of backing layer shell: to be 3.0g: 1mL carry out mixed preparing by Mullite Powder and Ludox goes out backing layer coating according to Mullite Powder quality and Ludox powder liquor ratio, control viscosity at 35s, then the surface shell that faces of preparing in step 3 is immersed in backing layer coating, then will face surface shell mentions from backing layer coating, mullite sand is sprinkling upon to wax-pattern surface equably, Mullite Powder granularity is 320 orders, backing layer is coated with and 3～5 layers of 3 layers of stuccos altogether, and the 6th layer of last one deck is only coated with not stucco.Every layer be coated with after under the condition of constant temperature and humidity dry 8 hours, after being coated with completely, by dry 48 hours of shell;
Five, the dewaxing of shell and roasting: adopt steam dewaxing machine to carry out steam dewaxing to dry backing layer shell completely in step 4, the steam pressure of dewaxing is 0.7MPa, the dewaxing time is 15 minutes, the shell that completes dewaxing is put in chamber type electric resistance furnace it is carried out to roasting, first be warming up to 200 ℃, be incubated 30 minutes, then be warmed up to 900 ℃, roasting time 2 hours, the shell that obtains preparing after cooling with stove has completed the preparation of the New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould that improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property;
The mass ratio of the defoamer n-octyl alcohol in this test in step 1 and binding agent zirconium colloidal sol is 0.02: 100, and wetting agent AEO (JFC) is 0.02: 100 with the mass ratio of binding agent zirconium colloidal sol;
In step 2, be to adopt rain type sander or floating sand bucket that titanium dioxide zircon sand is sprinkling upon to wax-pattern surface equably;
The New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould ground floor that improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property of this test preparation is surface shell, and the second layer is for facing surface shell, and 3rd～5 layers for backing layer shell is coated with and stucco, finally one deck backing layer shell be the 6th layer for being only coated with not stucco.
Known by testing, the investment shell sample of Fig. 1 for adopting above method to prepare, as can be seen from Figure 1, the shell of preparing is complete, surface shell smooth surface;
Fig. 2 is surface shell surface topography photo, and as can be seen from Figure 2, the various compositions of shell are even in shell surface distributed, that is to say, the particular matter adding in this test is equally distributed in surface shell.
Claims (7)
1. improve a New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould preparation method for TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property, it is characterized in that the New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould preparation method who improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property realizes according to the following steps:
One: the preparation of investment precoat: under the mixing speed of 100 ~ 300r/min, in binding agent, add defoamer and wetting agent, then according to the volume ratio of the quality of oxide powder and binding agent, for (2.0 ~ 3.8) g:1mL, in binding agent, add oxide powder, limit edged stirs, after mixing, be prepared into coating, then under the mixing speed of 100 ~ 200r/min, by oxide powder in coating, be (0.1 ~ 20) with adding quality of materials ratio: 100 add interpolation material in coating, standing after stirring, i.e. the preparation of finished surface coating, wherein, described binding agent is zirconium colloidal sol, described defoamer is n-octyl alcohol, described wetting agent is AEO JFC, the mass ratio of described defoamer and binding agent is (0.01 ~ 0.5): 100, the mass ratio of described wetting agent and binding agent is (0.01 ~ 0.5): 100, described oxide powder is zirconia or yittrium oxide, granularity is 270 ~ 320 orders, described interpolation material is simple substance, the combination of one or more in oxide or compound, wherein, described simple substance is silicon, niobium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, a kind of in yttrium and zirconium, described oxide is Si oxide, niobium oxide, chromated oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, a kind of in yttrium oxide and Zirconium oxide, described compound is for containing niobium compound, chromium compound, molybdenum compound, tungsten compound, a kind of in yttrium compound and zirconium compounds,
Two, the preparation of surface shell: under the mixing speed of 100 ~ 200r/min, the investment precoat of preparing in step 1 is stirred after 1 ~ 4h, the viscosity of adjusting range coating is to 90s, then wax-pattern is immersed in investment precoat, wax-pattern is mentioned from investment precoat, titanium dioxide zircon sand is sprinkling upon to wax-pattern surface equably, under the environment of 18 ~ 30 ℃ of humidity 30 ~ 70%, constant temperature, be dried 8 ~ 24 hours, completed the preparation of surface shell;
The preparation of three, facing surface shell: under the mixing speed of 100 ~ 200r/min, the investment precoat of preparing in step 1 is stirred after 1 ~ 4h, the viscosity of adjusting range coating is to 80s, the surface shell of preparing in step 2 is immersed in investment precoat, then surface shell is mentioned from investment precoat, oxidation zircon sand is sprinkling upon on surface shell equably, then under the environment of 18 ~ 30 ℃ of humidity 30 ~ 70%, constant temperature, be dried 8 ~ 24 hours, completed the preparation of facing surface shell;
Four, the preparation of backing layer shell: go out backing layer coating for (2 ~ 3.5) g:1mL carries out mixed preparing by Mullite Powder and Ludox by powder liquor ratio, regulate the viscosity of backing layer coating, then the surface shell that faces of preparing in step 3 is immersed in backing layer coating, to face surface shell mentions from backing layer coating, mullite sand is sprinkling upon to wax-pattern surface equably, then under the environment of 18 ~ 30 ℃ of humidity 30 ~ 70%, constant temperature, be dried 8 ~ 24 hours, completed the preparation of backing layer shell;
Five, the dewaxing of shell and roasting: dry backing layer shell completely in step 4 is carried out to steam dewaxing, the shell that completes dewaxing is carried out to roasting, and the shell that obtains preparing after cooling with stove has completed the preparation of the New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould that improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property.
2. a kind of New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould preparation method who improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property according to claim 1, standing 8 ~ 12h after it is characterized in that stirring in step 1.
3. a kind of New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould preparation method who improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property according to claim 1, is characterized in that the viscosity of the investment precoat prepared in step 1 is 80 ~ 90s.
4. a kind of New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould preparation method who improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property according to claim 1, the viscosity that it is characterized in that backing layer coating in step 4 is 35 ~ 40s.
5. a kind of New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould preparation method who improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property according to claim 1, is characterized in that in step 4, Mullite Powder granularity is 320 orders.
6. a kind of New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould preparation method who improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property according to claim 1, the steam pressure that it is characterized in that the steam dewaxing described in step 5 is 0.5 ~ 0.7MPa, the dewaxing time is 5 ~ 15 minutes.
7. a kind of New Oxide Ceramic Shell Mould preparation method who improves TiAl alloy-steel casting surface property according to claim 1, it is characterized in that first the roasting described in step 5 for being warming up to 200 ~ 400 ℃, be incubated 30 ~ 60 minutes, be then warmed up to 800～1100 ℃, roasting time 0.5 ~ 3 hour.
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| CN103537620A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-29 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Preparation method for precision casting of mold shell through directional solidification investment casting of titanium-aluminum based alloy |
| CN104923729B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-25 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Manufacturing method of composite shell of large diffuser precision casting |
| CN106311980B (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2018-06-19 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of preparation method of high temperature alloy orientation/single crystal blade casting ceramic shell |
| CN104946929B (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2017-03-01 | 李建尧 | A kind of high intensity phone housing |
| CN104907495B (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-04-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of TiAl alloy investment casting shell |
| CN105195674A (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2015-12-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of tungsten-containing high-inertia shell through TiAl alloy investment casting |
| CN106513578A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-03-22 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Shell preparation method for investment casting of Nb-Si-based alloy |
| CN106734853B (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2019-05-21 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | A kind of preparation method of nickel base superalloy monocrystalline/directional solidification ceramic shell |
| CN106825409A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-06-13 | 洛阳双瑞精铸钛业有限公司 | A kind of production method of thick large titanium alloy Melt casting |
| FR3089438B1 (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2020-12-25 | Safran | Improved foundry slurry for making shell molds |
| CN110961578B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-03-02 | 无锡阿尔法精密机械制造有限公司 | Wax mould sand shell forming process |
| CN111922286B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-08-03 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | Investment casting material and investment casting method |
| CN114178486B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2024-04-09 | 贵阳航发精密铸造有限公司 | Shell for improving sand sticking on surface of high-temperature alloy after casting and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS5561347A (en) * | 1978-10-31 | 1980-05-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Coat forming method in casting die |
| JPS63194842A (en) * | 1987-02-10 | 1988-08-12 | Mazda Motor Corp | Dewaxing method for lost wax casting |
| CN1208150C (en) * | 2003-07-23 | 2005-06-29 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing inertia mucleation self-callus compound coating |
| CN1299850C (en) * | 2004-05-28 | 2007-02-14 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Hot investment precision casting technique for rare earth ceramic cased titanium alloys |
| CN101462151B (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2010-09-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for preparing TiAl-based alloy formwork by precision-investment casting |
| CN102601307B (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2013-12-04 | 北京工业大学 | Preparation method of shell mold for investment casting of TiAl based alloy |
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