CN102873245A - Train wheel production comprehensive press and train wheel production method - Google Patents
Train wheel production comprehensive press and train wheel production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102873245A CN102873245A CN2012104066085A CN201210406608A CN102873245A CN 102873245 A CN102873245 A CN 102873245A CN 2012104066085 A CN2012104066085 A CN 2012104066085A CN 201210406608 A CN201210406608 A CN 201210406608A CN 102873245 A CN102873245 A CN 102873245A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000000080 chela (arthropods) Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009747 press moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001915 proofreading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a train wheel production comprehensive press and a train wheel production method and belongs to the technical field of machining of train wheels. The train wheel production comprehensive press comprises a press body, two centering holding pliers and a hydraulic telescopic device, the press body consists of a support and a pressure device, and a horizontal bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the press body. A first bottom mould and a second bottom mould are arranged on the bottom plate, one end of the bottom plate is connected with the hydraulic telescopic device, and the two centering holding pliers are arranged on two sides of the press body respectively. The first bottom mould is an indentation bottom mould for a forming press, and the second bottom mould is an upsetting bottom mould for an upsetting press. The procedures of upsetting and indentation are completed on one machine, one press is reduced during production of train wheels, production cost is reduced, and the train wheel production comprehensive press and the train wheel production method have the advantages of high machining precision, stable size of train wheels, high surface hardness of the train wheels and low rejection rate of products.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to train wheel processing technology field, more particularly, relate to a kind of train wheel and produce comprehensive pressure machine and train wheel production method.
Background technology
China's train wheel production has had the history in more than 50 year till now since 1964, its production technology belongs to four unit production technologies." four units " refers to that the main nucleus equipment of this production line is comprised of upsetting press, forming press, mill for rolling center disctype wheels, press-bending puncturing machine, its technological process is: the steel billet that heats carries out jumping-up, impression through sending into upsetting press behind the dephosphorize by high pressure water, and then send into forming press and carry out forging forming, the blank of forging forming is sent into mill for rolling center disctype wheels and is rolled, and rolling good blank is sent into the punching of bending of press-bending puncturing machine again.
In August, 2000, the l7 volume, the 34th page of " steel rolling " of the 4th phase discloses one piece of name and has been called " technological transformation of horse steel train wheel production system " (author: Zhang Gaoping, Wu Licang, document Liu Huiqiang), point out that wherein Ma Gang carries out after the new technology transformation wheel knowhow and the international standard requirement with reference to industrially developed country, adopt process for machining after the first heat treatment, technique is: and steel ingot cutting → heating → 30MN hydraulic press pier is thick → and 80MN hydraulic press moulding → horizontal wheel mill milling → 30MN hydraulic press bends, punching, printing → isothermal → quenching → tempering → performance checking → ball blast de-scaling → semi-finished product dimensional gaughing → machined → cold typewriting → ultrasonic examination → magnetic powder inspection → ball blast (reinforcement disc) → static balancing test
→Bore boring oil filler point → finished product (size and hardness) inspection → oiling, the packing → steps such as warehouse-in.Technique before improving is: steel ingot cutting → heating → 30MN hydraulic press pier slightly → 80MN hydraulic press moulding → horizontal wheel mill milling → 30MN hydraulic press press-bending, punching, printing → isothermal → quenching → tempering → inspection → warehouse-in.
In the 5th phase in 2003 " forging technology ", the document that one piece of name is called " train wheel Research of Forming Technology and finite element modelling " (author Guo Xiaoxia) is disclosed, second portion is pointed out about the description of train wheel forming technology in the literary composition, at present, the wheel manufacturing process mainly contains casting, full die forging and forges rolling both at home and abroad.Forge rolling and claim again the pressure rolling method, be widely applied all over the world.Its production comprises that heating steel billet, jumping-up, preform, wheel hub punching, former bend, rectification, heat treatment, machined, wheel detection and the test etc. of wheel geometry size.The wheel blank crushed element is generally finished with some hydraulic presses and a chaptrel milling train, and its heat forming technology is:
(1) to steel billet segmentation blanking, at the cake blank that behind dephosphorize by high pressure water, is upset as certain altitude on the hydraulic die press;
(2) utilize piece pre-forming die at 60MN pull-down hydraulic die press, blank is carried out the processing of preform work step, shaping wheel hub and wheel rim and part former thickness;
(3) carry out punching with 10MN double action punching hydraulic press;
(4) on the horizontal milling train of seven rollers to the spoke roll off, make the diameter that radially reaches hot forging of wheel rim, the thickness of spoke reduces, tread is shaped;
(5) with the crooked former of 30MN double-action drawing press-bending hydraulic press, make it to meet the requirements of thickness, and make wheel shape obtain proofreading and correct.
More than two pieces of documents confirmed that all jumping-up, impression (being also referred to as moulding) they all are to need respectively two forcing presses in the existing train wheel production technology both domestic and external, so carry out needing to dispose three forcing presses on the forging forming production line.The price comparison of forcing press is expensive, and the production cost of enterprise is high, carries out if jumping-up, indentation process can be incorporated on the forcing press, will save a forcing press, reduces greatly the production cost of enterprise.But being, its Major Difficulties finishes jumping-up, impression at a forcing press, utilizing so existing forcing press can only be to adopt forming press, but jumping-up on forming press, its performance accuracy are difficult to guarantee that eccentric possibility appears in compacting blank out have been increased greatly.How solving precision problem is key point.In addition, finishing jumping-up, impression at a forcing press needs the forcing press function to increase, and the operation of forcing press is also more difficult.
In the production method of train wheel, technical scheme originally is first turning processing after-baking explained hereafter, and wheel produces buckling deformation.Poor dimensional precision, internal flaw can't be found, the surface attachment iron scale affects outward appearance and uses safety.And begin now to adopt mach production technology after the external first heat treatment, but the train wheel that this mode processes have portioned product can along with the increase of time because stress release deforms, impact is normally used; Mach train wheel again after the heat treatment, the Malpighian layer thickness low LCL that there is the case hardness layer in some causes part train wheel hardness inadequate, has affected the qualification rate of product.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that invention will solve
In existing train wheel production technology, need three forcing presses, the problem that production cost is high, the invention provides a kind of train wheel and produce comprehensive pressure machine and train wheel production method, it can finish jumping-up, indentation process at a machine, so that reduce by a forcing press in the train wheel production process, reduce production costs.
Technical scheme
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is:
A kind of train wheel is produced the comprehensive pressure machine, comprises the forcing press body, and described forcing press body is comprised of support and pressure apparatus, comprises that also centering embraces pincers and hydraulic telescopic device, and the base plate of level is arranged at the bottom of described forcing press body; The first bed die and the second bed die are arranged on the described base plate, and an end of base plate is connected with hydraulic telescopic device; Described centering is embraced pincers two, lays respectively at the both sides of forcing press body; The impression bed die that described the first bed die is forming press, the second bed die are the thick bed die of the pier of upsetting press.
Further, described the first bed die is between the second bed die and hydraulic telescopic device.
Further, the flexible stroke of described hydraulic telescopic device equals the distance between the first bed die center of circle and the second bed die center of circle.
Further, described forcing press body is the 100MN hydraulic press.
A kind of train wheel production method the steps include:
(1) steel billet that heats is sent to removes steel billet iron scale on every side in the high pressure water descaling device, water ring is all arranged in upper and lower, the side of steel billet, removes iron scale; By manipulator red steel billet is shifted out high pressure water descaling device again, deliver to train wheel and produce on the second bed die of comprehensive pressure machine;
(2) train wheel the second bed die of producing the comprehensive pressure machine cooperates with the pressure apparatus of forcing press body and carries out the first time and suppress, and steel billet is upsetting, and centering is embraced to clamp steel billet is lifted;
(3) hydraulic telescopic device shifts out the forcing press body by extension and contraction control the second bed die, the first bed die moves into the below of the pressure apparatus of forcing press body, centering is embraced the pincers steel billet that pier is thick and is put into the first bed die, the pressure apparatus of forcing press body cooperates the impression work of finishing this steel billet with the first bed die, steel billet forms the wheel part, moves into simultaneously next steel billet and is placed on the second bed die;
(4) hydraulic telescopic device control base plate moves, so that the second bed die moves into the forcing press body again, begins the operation to next steel billet, and the first bed die steel billet of impression shifts out the forcing press body, enters next process;
(5) after rolling the finishing, manipulator reaches out rolling good wheel spare from mill for rolling center disctype wheels, is transplanted on the lower fixed work bench of press-bending, puncturing machine, and the wheel part bends at this forcing press, punching, becomes the rough wheel of hot rolling.
Further, also comprise in the described step (5) the rough wheel of hot rolling is carried out subsequent treatment, described subsequent treatment refers to the rough quench wheel of hot rolling, tempering, performance checking, ball blast de-scaling, semi-finished product dimensional gaughing, machined, cold typewriting, ultrasonic examination, magnetic powder inspection, ball blast, static balancing test, brill boring oil filler point, finished product inspection, oiling, packing, warehouse-in.
Further, also comprise secondary quenching and tempering between the magnetic powder inspection in the described step (5) and the ball blast.
Beneficial effect
Adopt technical scheme provided by the invention, compare with existing known technology, have following remarkable result:
(1) train wheel of the present invention is produced the comprehensive pressure machine, comprise the forcing press body, also comprise centering embrace pincers and hydraulic telescopic device, the base plate of level is arranged at the bottom of forcing press body, the first bed die and the second bed die are arranged on the base plate, one end of base plate is connected with hydraulic telescopic device, centering is embraced pincers two, lay respectively at the both sides of forcing press body, the first bed die is the impression bed die of forming press, and the second bed die is the thick bed die of the pier of upsetting press, so that forcing press of the present invention both can be finished pier is thick, also can finish the impression operation, so that can reduce by a forcing press in the production of train wheel, production line has lacked 1 on manipulator between 1 upsetting press and upsetting press and the forming press, and weight of equipment reduces about 500t, equipment cost reduces, and has saved cost;
(2) the present invention is owing to the manipulator of having cancelled between upsetting press and upsetting press and the forming press, and the production line floor space reduces about 100m
2
(3) the present invention is owing to the manipulator of having cancelled between upsetting press and upsetting press and the forming press, and the apparatus for production line maintenance cost reduces;
(4) the flexible stroke of hydraulic telescopic device of the present invention equals the distance between the first bed die center of circle and the second bed die center of circle, guarantee that the first bed die center of circle and the center of circle of the second bed die all aim at the center of the pressure apparatus of forcing press body when base plate moves, guaranteed the machining accuracy of the thick and impression of pier;
(5) hydraulic telescopic device shifts out the forcing press body by extension and contraction control the second bed die in the step of the present invention (3), the first bed die moves into the below of the pressure apparatus of forcing press body, centering is embraced the pincers steel billet that pier is thick and is put into the first bed die, the pressure apparatus of forcing press body cooperates the impression work of finishing this steel billet with the first bed die, steel billet forms the wheel part, move into simultaneously next steel billet and be placed on the second bed die, control accuracy is high, and production efficiency is high;
(6) also comprise secondary quenching and tempering between the magnetic powder inspection in the step of train wheel production method of the present invention (5) and the ball blast, can prevent the deformation after unloading of train wheel, the size that guarantees train wheel remains unchanged, the hardness of train increases simultaneously, the Malpighian layer on surface thickens, guarantee the hardness of train wheel, reduced the disqualification rate of product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that train wheel of the present invention is produced the comprehensive pressure machine.
Among the figure: 1, forcing press body; 2, centering is embraced pincers; 3, hydraulic telescopic device; 4, base plate; 5, the first bed die; 6, the second bed die; 100, ground.
The specific embodiment
By reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in detail content of the present invention for further explaining.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of train wheel is produced the comprehensive pressure machine, comprises forcing press body 1, forcing press body 1 is comprised of support and pressure apparatus, forcing press body 1 is the 100MN hydraulic press, comprises that also centering embraces pincers 2 and hydraulic telescopic device 3, and the base plate 4 of level is arranged at the bottom of forcing press body 1; The first bed die 5 and the second bed die 6 are arranged on the base plate 4, and an end of base plate 4 is connected with hydraulic telescopic device 3; The first bed die 5 is between the second bed die 6 and hydraulic telescopic device 3.The flexible stroke of hydraulic telescopic device 3 equals the distance between the first bed die 5 centers of circle and the second bed die 6 centers of circle.Centering is embraced pincers 2 two, lays respectively at the both sides of forcing press body 1; The first bed die 5 is the impression bed die of forming press, and the second bed die 6 is the thick bed die of pier of upsetting press.The bottom surface of base plate 4 and hydraulic telescopic device 3 all is close on the ground 100.
A kind of train wheel production method the steps include:
(1) to select diameter 450mm length be the continuous cast round billets of 1000mm to steel billet materials, heating furnace arrives 1200-1300 ℃ with heating steel billet, the steel billet that heats is sent to and removes steel billet iron scale on every side in the high pressure water descaling device, the water under high pressure operating pressure is 23MPa, water ring is all arranged in upper and lower, the side of steel billet, remove iron scale, thoroughly clean; By manipulator red steel billet is shifted out high pressure water descaling device again, deliver to train wheel and produce on the second bed die 6 of comprehensive pressure machine; Hydraulic telescopic device 3 shrinks, so that the second bed die 6 moves to the below of the pressure apparatus of forcing press body 1;
(2) train wheel the second bed die 6 of producing the comprehensive pressure machine cooperates with the pressure apparatus of forcing press body 1 and carries out the first time and suppress, and steel billet is upsetting, and centering is embraced and clamped 2 steel billet lifted;
(3) hydraulic telescopic device 3 elongations, hydraulic telescopic device 3 is by the movement of control base plate 4, the second bed die 6 shifts out forcing press body 1, the first bed die 5 moves into the below of the pressure apparatus of forcing press body 1, centering is embraced pincers 2 steel billets that pier is thick and is put into the first bed die 5, the pressure apparatus of forcing press body 1 cooperates the impression work of finishing this steel billet with the first bed die 5, and steel billet forms the wheel part, moves into simultaneously next steel billet and is placed on the second bed die 6;
(4) hydraulic telescopic device 3 shortens, control base plate 4 moves to the direction of hydraulic telescopic device 3, so that the first bed die 5 shifts out forcing press body 1, the second bed die 6 moves into forcing press body 1 again, begin the operation to next steel billet, the the first bed die 5 steel billet of impression shifts out forcing press body 1, enters next process;
(5) after rolling the finishing, manipulator reaches out rolling good wheel spare from mill for rolling center disctype wheels, be transplanted on the lower fixed work bench of press-bending, puncturing machine of 50MN, the wheel part bends at this forcing press, punching, become the rough wheel of hot rolling, then the rough wheel of hot rolling is carried out subsequent treatment.Subsequent treatment is with the rough quench wheel of hot rolling, tempering, performance checking, ball blast de-scaling, semi-finished product dimensional gaughing, machined, cold typewriting, ultrasonic examination, magnetic powder inspection, secondary quenching and tempering, ball blast, static balancing test, brill boring oil filler point, finished product (size and hardness) inspection, oiling, packing, warehouse-in.Train wheel of the present invention produce the comprehensive pressure machine when guaranteeing machining accuracy not only so that the train wheel production line reduces number of devices, production floor space and machine cost have been saved, reduced operation cost of enterprises, and production method of the present invention guarantees that also the size of train wheel remains unchanged, the hardness of train increases simultaneously, the Malpighian layer on surface thickens, and has guaranteed the hardness of train wheel, has reduced the disqualification rate of product.
Claims (7)
1. a train wheel is produced the comprehensive pressure machine, comprise forcing press body (1), described forcing press body (1) is comprised of support and pressure apparatus, it is characterized in that: comprise that also centering embraces pincers (2) and hydraulic telescopic device (3), the base plate (4) of level is arranged at the bottom of described forcing press body (1); The first bed die (5) and the second bed die (6) are arranged on the described base plate (4), and an end of base plate (4) is connected with hydraulic telescopic device (3); Described centering is embraced pincers (2) two, lays respectively at the both sides of forcing press body (1); Described the first bed die (5) is the impression bed die of forming press, and the second bed die (6) is the thick bed die of pier of upsetting press.
2. train wheel according to claim 1 is produced the comprehensive pressure machine, and it is characterized in that: described the first bed die (5) is positioned between the second bed die (6) and the hydraulic telescopic device (3).
3. train wheel according to claim 1 is produced the comprehensive pressure machine, and it is characterized in that: the flexible stroke of described hydraulic telescopic device (3) equals the distance between the first bed die (5) center of circle and the second bed die (6) center of circle.
4. train wheel according to claim 1 is produced the comprehensive pressure machine, and it is characterized in that: described forcing press body (1) is the 100MN hydraulic press.
5. a train wheel production method the steps include:
(1) steel billet that heats is sent to removes steel billet iron scale on every side in the high pressure water descaling device, water ring is all arranged in upper and lower, the side of steel billet, removes iron scale; By manipulator red steel billet is shifted out high pressure water descaling device again, deliver to train wheel and produce on second bed die (6) of comprehensive pressure machine;
(1) train wheel the second bed die (6) of producing the comprehensive pressure machine cooperates with the pressure apparatus of forcing press body (1) and carries out the first time and suppress, and steel billet is upsetting, and centering is embraced pincers (2) steel billet is lifted;
(2) hydraulic telescopic device (3) shifts out forcing press body (1) by extension and contraction control the second bed die (6), the first bed die (5) moves into the below of the pressure apparatus of forcing press body (1), centering is embraced pincers (2) steel billet that pier is thick and is put into the first bed die (5), the pressure apparatus of forcing press body (1) cooperates the impression work of finishing this steel billet with the first bed die (5), steel billet forms the wheel part, moves into simultaneously next steel billet and is placed on the second bed die (6);
(3) hydraulic telescopic device (3) control base plate (4) is mobile, so that the second bed die (6) moves into forcing press body (4) again, begin the operation to next steel billet, the first bed die (5) the steel billet of impression shifts out forcing press body (1), enters next process;
(5) after rolling the finishing, manipulator reaches out rolling good wheel spare from mill for rolling center disctype wheels, is transplanted on the lower fixed work bench of press-bending, puncturing machine, and the wheel part bends at this forcing press, punching, becomes the rough wheel of hot rolling.
6. a kind of train wheel production method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, also comprise in the described step (5) the rough wheel of hot rolling is carried out subsequent treatment, described subsequent treatment refers to the rough quench wheel of hot rolling, tempering, performance checking, ball blast de-scaling, semi-finished product dimensional gaughing, machined, cold typewriting, ultrasonic examination, magnetic powder inspection, ball blast, static balancing test, brill boring oil filler point, finished product inspection, oiling, packing, warehouse-in.
7. a kind of train wheel production method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises secondary quenching and tempering between the magnetic powder inspection in the described step (5) and the ball blast.
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| CN201210406608.5A CN102873245B (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2012-10-23 | Train wheel production method |
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| CN201210406608.5A CN102873245B (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2012-10-23 | Train wheel production method |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103753138A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-30 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | Production method of railway wheels |
| CN104107871A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-22 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Method for forging large cake pieces by means of combining upsetting and polishing with flat anvil spin edge forging |
| CN106077399A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 周玉红 | A kind of flange blank forging and stamping auxiliary fixing device |
| CN106391968A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-15 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Swage forging forming mechanism for train wheels, press comprising mechanism and assembling method |
| CN112668108A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-16 | 宝武集团马钢轨交材料科技有限公司 | Forming method of forming mold in wheel process, electronic device and storage medium |
| CN113020508A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 中铁宝桥（南京）有限公司 | Steel rail heel end profiling and upsetting double-moving-platform machining method based on two-station press |
| CN114227182A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-25 | 太原重工轨道交通设备有限公司 | Hot-working manufacturing method for train wheel |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104107871A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-22 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Method for forging large cake pieces by means of combining upsetting and polishing with flat anvil spin edge forging |
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| CN106391968A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-15 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Swage forging forming mechanism for train wheels, press comprising mechanism and assembling method |
| CN112668108A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-16 | 宝武集团马钢轨交材料科技有限公司 | Forming method of forming mold in wheel process, electronic device and storage medium |
| CN113020508A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-25 | 中铁宝桥（南京）有限公司 | Steel rail heel end profiling and upsetting double-moving-platform machining method based on two-station press |
| CN114227182A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-25 | 太原重工轨道交通设备有限公司 | Hot-working manufacturing method for train wheel |
| CN114227182B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-11-07 | 太原重工轨道交通设备有限公司 | Train wheel hot processing manufacturing method |
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