CN102870952B - Method for preparing whey protein powder (WPC) and lactose powder simultaneously by whey - Google Patents
Method for preparing whey protein powder (WPC) and lactose powder simultaneously by whey Download PDFInfo
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- CN102870952B CN102870952B CN2012103479837A CN201210347983A CN102870952B CN 102870952 B CN102870952 B CN 102870952B CN 2012103479837 A CN2012103479837 A CN 2012103479837A CN 201210347983 A CN201210347983 A CN 201210347983A CN 102870952 B CN102870952 B CN 102870952B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to a production technology of a dairy product and particularly relates to a method for preparing WPC and lactose powder simultaneously by whey. The main steps are as follows: (1) primary ultrafiltration: a whey solution passes through an ultrafiltration membrane with the molecular weight cutoff of 5,000 to 10,000Da; (2) moisturization and ultrafiltration: when the membrane flux is reduced to 60% to 80% of the primary membrane flux, continuously supplementing 2 to 5 times of deionized water based on the volume of a concentrated solution into the concentrated solution to obtain a permeate and the concentrated solution; (3) preparing the whey protein powder: ultrafiltrating and drying the whey protein powder to obtain the WPC; and (4) refining the lactose powder: adding the evaporated and condensed ultrafiltration permeate into food grade ethanol till the final volume fraction is 40 to 60%, collecting, washing and drying the precipitate to obtain the lactose. According to the method for preparing the WPC and the lactose powder simultaneously by the whey, WPC with high protein content and lactose powder with high purity are obtained simultaneously through the ultrafiltration as a main separating method, and the deionized water and the food grade ethanol are only added in the whole process but the substances including external salt, acid and alkali and the like are not added.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that is prepared PURE WHEY and lactose powder by whey liquid, belong to the Dairy Processing field.
Background technology
After milk was isolated casein and prepared cheese, surplus solution was whey liquid.Whey liquid is as accessory substance, and its water content is high, and transportation inconvenience, often make the sweet whey powder by methods such as spray-dryings.Mainly contain lactose (approximately 70%) and lactalbumin (approximately 10%) in the sweet whey powder.
Lactose is a kind of disaccharides of mammalian milk glandular secretion, by a glucose and a galactolipin condensation, is formed, and two kinds of conformations of α and β are arranged.Lactose prod substantially all extracts from whey, can be used for baby food, candy, imitation etc., medically is commonly used for flavouring., because the incidence of lactose intolerance in China resident is higher, therefore usually lactose need to be separated from dairy products.
The content of lactalbumin in milk is only 0.7%, the whole 8 kinds of essential amino acids that contain needed by human body, and each amino acid whose ratio is appropriate, almost with skeletal muscle in amino acid whose proportion of composing in full accord, very easily by human body, utilized, be best protein source, can meet different groups and all ages and classes section crowd demand to healthy and nutrition.The functional components of milk albumin is mainly beta lactoglobulin (β-Lg), ALA (α-La), bovine serum albumin(BSA) (BSA), immunoglobulin (Ig) (IgG), and lactoferrin (Lf), newborn peroxidase, growth factor and many bioactie agents and enzyme, these materials all have certain biologically active, are particularly suitable for infant food.
Sepg whey albumen and lactose, particularly WPC (WPC) from the sweet whey powder of relative low price,, as the active additive of baby milk, have good market prospects.
Chinese patent CN 101926408 A adopt micro-filtration that milk simply is divided into the whey that is rich in caseic concentrate and uniform component and see through liquid, have simplified the standardisation process of cheese milk, yet not for further processing to whey product.
Chinese patent CN 1606917 A disclose a kind of " extracting the method for different activities composition in lactalbumin and sepg whey albumen from milk ", its key step is: the absolute ethyl alcohol that at first adds the 15-25% volume in milk, stir, filter after standing 30-60 minute and remove precipitation, then add absolute ethyl alcohol in filtrate, make ethanol content reach 35%, continue to add absolute ethyl alcohol until ethanol content reaches 55% gradually, stir, after standing 30-60 minute, 3000-5000rpm is centrifugal, pours out supernatant, and the gained precipitation is lactalbumin.
Adopt hydrophobic interaction chromatography and gel permeation chromatography sepg whey albumen in Chinese patent CN 101367864 A, the zwitterions such as ammonium sulfate, phosphate buffer have been introduced in chromatography process, the waste liquid that produces need be processed rear discharging, and separating medium is expensive, and preparation cost is higher.
In Chinese patent CN 101731446 A, prepare PURE WHEY take milk as raw material,, first with the membrane microfiltration of milk by 0.1 μ m, see through liquid again through ultrafiltration, concentrate is lactalbumin liquid, and the content of protein in the molecular cut off of not mentioned milipore filter and product.
Chinese patent CN 101822309 A disclose a kind of production method that adopts the hollow-fibre membrane ultrafiltration to produce lactalbumin and goods thereof, in its product, protein content is only 15% ± 0.5%, can't reach WPC WPC 70(protein content 〉=70%) and WPC 80(protein content 〉=80%) standard-required.
Disclose a kind of method of while sepg whey albumen and lactose in Chinese patent CN 101491287 A, its step is as follows: first with mesh filters, remove cheese particles in whey, and condensed whey then, crystallisation by cooling and centrifugation obtain lactose; Centrifugal clear liquid, through micro-filtration, obtains lactalbumin liquid after ultrafiltration and nanofiltration, then after concentrated, spray-drying albumen powder.Unexposed protein content, and whole process steps is more, and consuming time longer.
In the disclosed preparation method of existing patent, in the final products lactalbumin, protein content is generally lower, does not generally reach the relevant criterion of WPC WPC, is not suitable for the interpolation of baby food etc.This patent, by increase this shirtsleeve operation flow process of moisturizing in ultrafiltration, can be increased to protein content more than 70%, has avoided simultaneously the operations such as micro-filtration, nanofiltration, and simple flow, good product quality, production cost are low.The invention allows for the new technology of ethanol precipitate and separate lactose, reduced the heat energy loss in traditional lactose leaching process, and can make simultaneously the lactose prod of high-load.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect for prior art, provide a kind of easy, yield is high, the lower-cost method that is prepared simultaneously PURE WHEY and lactose powder by whey.
The method that is prepared simultaneously PURE WHEY and lactose powder by whey comprises the following steps:
(1) preliminary ultrafiltration: whey liquid is concentrated into milipore filter in ultrafilter membrane flux drops to 60%～80% of initial film flux;
(2) moisturizing filter wash: in concentrate continuously or intermittently add the deionized water of 2～5 times of concentrate volumes, filter wash, obtain concentrate and see through liquid;
(3) PURE WHEY processed: with concentrate, i.e. WPC solution, directly by freeze drying, spray-drying or vacuum drying, obtaining the protein quality percentage composition is 70%～85% PURE WHEY;
(4) refining lactose powder: see through the liquid evaporation and concentration, add concentrated after the food-grade ethanol of 0.6～1.5 times of volume, make the lactose precipitation, then through cold water and the washing of food-grade ethanol, drying, obtain purity〉95% lactose powder.
Described whey liquid is liquid whey liquid, perhaps the sweet whey powder whey solution that is dissolved in water and forms.The milipore filter that adopts in described ultrafilter is milipore filter bag or hollow-fibre membrane post, and molecular cut off is 5000～10000 Da.In described step (4), evaporation and concentration is reduction vaporization, single effect evaporation or double-effect evaporation.Dry half fluid-bed drier or the pneumatic drier of adopting in described step (4).
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
(1) ultrafiltration mild condition, avoided the sex change of lactalbumin, improves the rate of recovery of albumen;
(2) ultra-filtration process technique is simple, does not add the material of inorganic salts and other weighting ring environment pollution.
(3) in the ultrafiltration concentration process, membrane flux reduces and can be divided into three phases: because the bacterium in solvent and micro-colloid stop up fenestra, cause membrane flux to be reduced to 90% left and right of initial film flux; Because of the formation of concentration polarization layer, membrane flux is down to initial 60%-80% afterwards; Along with ultrafiltration is proceeded, the fenestra road stops up and on the film surface, forms gel layer, and when seriously polluted, membrane flux is only below 20% of initial film flux.When second stage goes to the phase III (membrane flux is down to the 60%-80% of initial film flux), start moisturizing, not only can make rate of water make-up minimum, reduce follow-up concentrated treating capacity; Can also improve bulk velocity and the efficiency of ultrafiltration; Effectively extend the service life of milipore filter simultaneously.Different films occur that the time of turning point (being the point that ultrasiltrated rate obviously descends) is relevant with operating condition and membrane property, need to investigate respectively.
(4) in the lactose refining process, adopt ethanol precipitation to replace crystallisation commonly used, reduce energy consumption, improved separating rate.The washing lactose replaces acid water with pre-cold water, reduces the risk that affects product quality and alleviates sewage load.Separate and wash the food-grade ethanol that uses in the lactose process and can recycle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the separation process scheme figure of WPC and lactose in the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the concentrated whey protein powder WPC 70(protein content of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 preparations〉70%) and WPC 80(protein content 80%) the gel electrophoresis picture;
Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 and the concentrated whey protein powder WPC 70 of embodiment 2 preparations and the high efficiency liquid phase spectrogram of WPC 80, and in figure, A is WPC 70, and B is WPC80.
The specific embodiment
The method that is prepared simultaneously PURE WHEY and lactose powder by whey comprises the following steps:
(1) preliminary ultrafiltration: whey liquid is concentrated into milipore filter in ultrafilter membrane flux drops to 60%～80% of initial film flux;
(2) moisturizing filter wash: in concentrate continuously or intermittently add the deionized water of 2～5 times of concentrate volumes, filter wash, obtain concentrate and see through liquid;
(3) PURE WHEY processed: with concentrate, i.e. WPC solution, directly by freeze drying, spray-drying or vacuum drying, obtaining the protein quality percentage composition is 70%～85% PURE WHEY;
(4) refining lactose powder: see through the liquid evaporation and concentration, add concentrated after the food-grade ethanol of 0.6～1.5 times of volume, make the lactose precipitation, then through cold water and the washing of food-grade ethanol, drying, obtain purity〉95% lactose powder.
Described whey liquid is liquid whey liquid, perhaps the sweet whey powder whey solution that is dissolved in water and forms.The milipore filter that adopts in described ultrafilter is milipore filter bag or hollow-fibre membrane post, and molecular cut off is 5000～10000 Da.In described step (4), evaporation and concentration is reduction vaporization, single effect evaporation or double-effect evaporation.Dry half fluid-bed drier or the pneumatic drier of adopting in described step (4).
Embodiment 1(prepares PURE WHEY WPC 70 and lactose from the sweet whey powder)
Take 182.9 g sweet whey powder, be dissolved in water to 2 L, adopting molecular cut off is 10000 Da, and membrane area is 0.11 m
2The poly (ether sulfone) film ultrafiltration, transmembrane pressure 0.24 MPa, crossflow velocity 36 L/h, ultrafiltration to membrane flux is 80% of initial film flux, and the residue concentrate is about 170 mL, starts continuous moisturizing, moisturizing speed is substantially equal to ultrasiltrated rate, keeps the concentrate volume substantially constant.The deionized water that adds altogether 2.6 times of concentrate volumes (approximately 450mL), obtain 2425 mL and see through liquid and 180 mL concentrates.
with the direct freeze drying of ultrafiltration concentration liquid, obtain faint yellow PURE WHEY 20.49 g, protein content (take dry weight basis) is 73.57%, lactose content is 8.45%, fat 5.01%, moisture 6.31%, ash content 4.94%, the major metal ion concentration is: potassium 733.5 mg/100g, sodium 357.1 mg/100g, calcium 1022 mg/100g, magnesium 86.5 mg/100g, copper 1.82 mg/100g, zinc 1.67 mg/100g, manganese 0.13 mg/100g, iron 4.56 mg/100g, relevant criterion (moisture≤5.0% that meets WPC WPC 70, fat≤18.0%, butt protein 〉=70%, ash content＜5%, lactose 〉=2%).
Ultrafiltration sees through liquid after 90 ° of C heating 30 min, suction filtration, filtered solution is concentrated into 200 mL through rotary evaporation, be cooled to room temperature, add food-grade ethanol 150 mL(final volume marks approximately 43%), suction filtration, precipitate with the 200 pre-cold water washings of mL, with 300 mL food-grade ethanol washings, last 60 ° of C oven drying 12 h, obtain lactose powder 95.55 g again.The lactose content of lactose powder is 96.9%, protein content is 1.31%, fat does not detect, moisture 1.35%, ash content 1.27%, the major metal ion concentration is: potassium 109.9 mg/100g, sodium 32.2 mg/100g, calcium 301.8 mg/100g, magnesium 25.9 mg/100g, copper 0.15 mg/100g, zinc 0.12 mg/100g, manganese 0.01 mg/100g, iron 1.15 mg/100g.
Embodiment 2(extracts WPC WPC 80 from whey powder)
Take 180.6 g sweet whey powder, be settled to 2 L.The filter wash operating condition is roughly with embodiment 1, just ultrafiltration to membrane flux be the initial film flux 60% the time, the residue concentrate is about 170 mL, starts approximately about 5 times of concentrate volume of 1500 mL(of moisturizing), finally obtain 3285 mL and seen through liquid and 170 mL concentrates.
with the freeze drying of ultrafiltration concentration liquid, obtain faint yellow PURE WHEY 14.89 g, protein content (take dry weight basis) is 81.74%, lactose content is 1.97%, fat 4.23%, moisture 7.02%, ash content 3.85%, the major metal ion concentration is: potassium 470.4 mg/100g, sodium 233.6 mg/100g, calcium 1117 mg/100g, magnesium 86.0 mg/100g, copper 1.32 mg/100g, zinc 1.10 mg/100g, manganese 0.09 mg/100g, iron 5.11 mg/100g, relevant criterion (moisture≤5.5% that meets WPC WPC 80, fat≤8.0%, butt protein 〉=80%, ash content≤5%, lactose≤9%).Embodiment 3(sees through liquid and extracts lactose from ultrafiltration)
Ultrafiltration in embodiment 2 sees through liquid 3285 mL as raw material, extracts lactose, and concrete operations are roughly with embodiment 1, just see through liquid without heating, filter, directly to be concentrated into final volume be 250 mL to rotary evaporation, and precipitation lactose food-grade ethanol used volume is 380 mL(final volume marks approximately 60%), washing increases to 300 mL with pre-cold water, finally obtain white lactose powder 75.04 g, lactose content is 97.6%, and protein content is 0.38%, fat does not detect, moisture 0.59%.Owing to having increased slurry, better than in embodiment 1 of lactose quality, color is whiter.
Not moisturizing of embodiment 4(ultra-filtration and separation lactose)
With deionized water preparation 10 g/L sweet whey powder solution 150 mL, in millipore ultrafiltration cup, be the regenerated cellulose film of 5000 Da by molecular cut off, ultrafiltration under 0.2 MPa nitrogen, ultra-filtration process does not add water.Measure material liquid, concentrate and see through lactose concn in liquid and be respectively 7.60 g/L, 7.53 g/L, 7.60 g/L.Because lactose molecule is enough little, can the free shuttling fenestra, its mode of passing fenestra is free diffusing, driving force is concentration difference, so in the situation that not moisturizing, ultrafiltration can't be from raw material separate lactose.
Embodiment 5(is moisturizing ultra-filtration and separation lactose intermittently)
With deionized water preparation 90 g/L sweet whey powder solution 50 mL, in millipore ultrafiltration cup, by 10000 Da films, after ultrafiltration 60 min under 0.2 MPa nitrogen, concentrated residue 19.7 mL, according to the 1:2(concentrate: add the water yield) ratio, disposable deionized water 39.4 mL that add; Continue ultrafiltration 65 min, the concentrate volume is 15.0 mL, according to the ratio of 1:3, adds water; After 47 min, concentrate is 11.0 mL, according to 1:4, adds water; Continue ultrafiltration 40 min.The concentrate of four-stage and the penetrating fluid survey lactose concn of taking a sample respectively, result such as table 1
Table 1 is each stage concentrate of moisturizing and see through lactose concn in liquid intermittently
Dilution rate=the amount of water of lactose in theory: (amount of water+concentrate), but the actual dilution rate that records is slightly less than theoretical value.Reason may be: while adding water, the outlet pipe of ultrafiltration cup also residual have part on last stage see through liquid, this concentration is much larger than the concentrate after dilution.With respect to the filter wash at intermittence, reach same separating effect, still less, efficiency is higher for the filter wash water consumption continuously.
Claims (5)
1. method that is prepared simultaneously PURE WHEY and lactose powder by whey is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) preliminary ultrafiltration: whey liquid is concentrated into milipore filter in ultrafilter membrane flux drops to 60%～80% of initial film flux;
(2) moisturizing filter wash: in concentrate continuously or intermittently add the deionized water of 2～5 times of concentrate volumes, filter wash, obtain concentrate and see through liquid;
(3) PURE WHEY processed: with concentrate, i.e. WPC solution, directly by freeze drying, spray-drying or vacuum drying, obtaining the protein quality percentage composition is 70%～85% PURE WHEY;
(4) refining lactose powder: see through the liquid evaporation and concentration, add concentrated after the food-grade ethanol of 0.6～1.5 times of volume, make the lactose precipitation, then through cold water and the washing of food-grade ethanol, drying, obtain purity〉95% lactose powder.
2. a kind of method that is prepared simultaneously PURE WHEY and lactose powder by whey according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described whey liquid is liquid whey liquid, perhaps the sweet whey powder whey solution that is dissolved in water and forms.
3. a kind of method that is prepared simultaneously PURE WHEY and lactose powder by whey according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the milipore filter that adopts in described ultrafilter is milipore filter bag or hollow-fibre membrane post, and molecular cut off is 5000～10000 Da.
4. a kind of method that is prepared simultaneously PURE WHEY and lactose powder by whey according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in described step (4), evaporation and concentration is reduction vaporization, single effect evaporation or double-effect evaporation.
5. a kind of method that is prepared simultaneously PURE WHEY and lactose powder by whey according to claim 1, is characterized in that: dry half fluid-bed drier or the pneumatic drier of adopting in described step (4).
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Families Citing this family (9)
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| CN104186916B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-08-31 | 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 | The method that lactalbumin powder is prepared in separation from milk surum |
| CN104686780A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-06-10 | 额敏塔安酪蛋白有限公司 | Whey liquid processing method and casein preparing method |
| CN106720925B (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2020-09-08 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for recycling protein in whey protein or MPC (milk serum protein) by complex enzyme polymerization coupling ultrafiltration |
| CN111205339A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-05-29 | 内蒙古伊利实业集团股份有限公司 | Concentrated lactose liquid and preparation method thereof |
| CN109744316A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-05-14 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of demulsification sugar-milk preparation method based on separation membrane technology |
| CN111513134A (en) * | 2019-02-03 | 2020-08-11 | 内蒙古蒙牛乳业（集团）股份有限公司 | Forward osmosis principle-based dairy product preparation method |
| CN110178963A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-08-30 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of PURE WHEY and its preparation method and application |
| CN111919908A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-11-13 | 石家庄君乐宝乳业有限公司 | Preparation method of desalted whey powder |
| CN114097893B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2024-01-30 | 卡士乳业(深圳)有限公司 | Method for preparing whey powder by using acid whey, whey powder prepared by method and application of whey powder |
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