CN102869745A - Viscosification and foaming of polyacrylamides - Google Patents

Viscosification and foaming of polyacrylamides Download PDF

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CN102869745A
CN102869745A CN2011800217272A CN201180021727A CN102869745A CN 102869745 A CN102869745 A CN 102869745A CN 2011800217272 A CN2011800217272 A CN 2011800217272A CN 201180021727 A CN201180021727 A CN 201180021727A CN 102869745 A CN102869745 A CN 102869745A
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polyacrylamide
biological polymer
fluid
foam
enlightening
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E·米奎莱纳
A·米尔内
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Prad Research and Development Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/60Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
    • C09K8/92Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material
    • C09K8/94Foams
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K8/00Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/50Compositions for plastering borehole walls, i.e. compositions for temporary consolidation of borehole walls
    • C09K8/516Compositions for plastering borehole walls, i.e. compositions for temporary consolidation of borehole walls characterised by their form or by the form of their components, e.g. encapsulated material
    • C09K8/518Foams

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Abstract

Embodiments of the invention relate to a method for treating a subterranean formation, comprising forming a fluid comprising polyacrylamide and a biopolymer and introducing the fluid to a subterranean formation wherein the polyacrylamide and biopolymer are selected to form the fluid with a longer foam half life and a higher viscosity than if only one polymer were selected. Embodiments of the invention relate to a method for treating a subterranean formation, comprising forming a fluid comprising polyacrylamide and a biopolymer and introducing the fluid to a subterranean formation wherein the polyacrylamide does not alter biopolymer crosslinking.

Description

The viscosifying action of polyacrylamide and foaming
Invention field
Embodiment of the present invention relate to for the method for oilfield services industry and the composition of fluid.Especially, embodiment relates to the fluid that contains polyacrylamide.
Background of invention
The well that the restriction of gas processing amount has been caused having closed a large amount of high gas-oil ratio (HGOR)s (GOR).In most applications, the purpose of workover comprises that the leak stopping gassing zone recovers the oil to produce and to recover from another band of gas.A subject matter of natural fracture acid carbonate is to reduce owing to crude production that water breakthrough and has channeling cause.Many solutions have been considered some parameters of gas shutoff processing (gas shut off treatment) design.In these parameters some are: determine the type, treatment capacity, average crack of the system of the most suitable well reservoir condition/break width and treat the quantity in the crack of leak stopping.Yet another problem is the best placement technique for band of gas tightness system.
Developed the has channeling in the technology solution natural fracture acid carbonate seldom, so this remains by the problem of extensive discussions and research.
Gas shutoff and water blockoff are processed the main challenge that faces and are comprised:
● cement is few after producing tail pipe.
● the low reservoir pressure that is caused by leakage and breaking in a large number.
● the uncertainty that burst volume is estimated.
● under Arius body statical condition, carry out and process.
Summary of the invention
Embodiment of the present invention relate to the method for the treatment of the stratum, it comprises forming and comprises the fluid of polyacrylamide and biological polymer and fluid is introduced the stratum, wherein selects polyacrylamide and biological polymer only to select a kind of polymkeric substance to have the fluid of longer half foam life period and viscosity higher to form such as fruit.Embodiment of the present invention relate to the method for the treatment of the stratum, and it comprises that formation comprises the fluid of polyacrylamide and biological polymer and fluid is introduced the stratum, and it is crosslinked that wherein polyacrylamide does not change biological polymer.
The accompanying drawing summary
Fig. 1 is half foam life period and the stable figure that 3.1 % by weight acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymers (A1) of the special glue of the enlightening with different concns and C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate tensio-active agent are shown.
Fig. 2 illustrates the figure that selects whipping agent (preparation No.1-3.1%A1+ acetic acid+linking agent)+foaming surfactant.
Fig. 3 is the figure that preparation No.2 (acrylamide polymer that 5.2%A1+Ac+ replaces) is shown.
Fig. 4 illustrates different acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymers (A1) % by weight concentration-3.1%, 5.2% and 6% figure.
Fig. 5 is the figure of preparation No.2 (acrylamide polymer that 5.2%A1+Ac+ replaces)+0.5 (volume) % surfactant D+0.5 (volume) % tensio-active agent I.
Fig. 6 is the figure with the polymers soln of 0.5% surfactant D foaming.
Fig. 7 adds the preparation No.1 that has different hydration times behind the G1 polymkeric substance (figure of the acrylamide polymer that 3.1%A1+Ac+ replaces+G1).
Fig. 8 has the special glue of different concns enlightening *The figure of preparation No.1.
Fig. 9 is the figure as the rheological behaviour of the Fann-35 of the function of shearing rate.
Figure 10 A and 10B illustrate the G1 polymkeric substance to the impact of the setting time performance of the acrylamide polymer fluid of acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer and replacement.
Figure 11 is a series of photos that are presented at the original position STATIC FOAM picture of 7 minutes, 1 hour and 3 hours taking from left to right in claire.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
At first, should be noted that in exploitation during any this actual embodiment, must much implement-concrete decision-making reaches developer's specific purposes, as with the compliance of System Dependent and commercial related constraint, these will be different because implementing difference.And, should be understood that this development effort may be complicated and consuming time, but still be those of ordinary skills' the routine work with rights and interests of present disclosure.In addition, used herein/disclosed composition also can comprise except quote those some components.In summary of the invention of the present invention and the present invention described in detail, each numerical value should once be interpreted as by term " about " modified (unless clearly so being modified), and then was interpreted as and is not so modified, unless point out in addition in the context.Equally, in summary of the invention of the present invention and the present invention describe in detail, should understand, list or be described as useful, suitable etc. concentration range, any and every kind of concentration (comprising end points) that means in this scope is considered to state.For example, " from 1 to 10 scope " is interpreted as representing along each and each possible numeral between about 1 and approximately 10 continuum.Therefore, even the concrete data point in this scope, or even this scope in do not have data point clearly to be identified or refer to only slightly concrete, should be appreciated that, any and all data points that the contriver understands and understands in this scope are considered to be elaborated, and the contriver grasp in gamut and this scope have a few.
The statement that this paper makes only provides the information relevant with present disclosure and does not consist of prior art, and may describe explanation embodiments more of the present invention.
Embodiment of the present invention create sealing with captured gas at the aerogenesis band, thus the damage of attempting to avoid producing the crude oil band, or it is down to minimum.Make the water control system foaming based on polyacrylamide become one of best alternative of suggestion.Yet, proving such as lab investigation, polymkeric substance self can not be kept stable foam before reaching the setting time of system in time.
Therefore, after a large amount of tests, found to add that biological polymer has significantly increased gel viscosity and half foam life period and the performance that before solidifying, do not affect system to polyacrylamide gel.
Polyacrylamide can comprise polyacrylamide, grafted polyacrylamide, modified polyacrylamide, polyacrylamide hybrid, hydrophobic polypropylene acid amides, wetting ability polyacrylamide, acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer and/or its any combination.In some embodiments, select polyacrylamide for its molecular weight.In some embodiments, the molecular weight of polyacrylamide is approximately 5 to about 15MM.In some embodiments, the molecular weight of polyacrylamide is approximately 200 to about 500K.
Biological polymer can comprise the special glue of enlightening, xanthan gum, guar gum (guar) and/or its combination.
In some embodiments, biological polymer is crosslinked does not change because of the existence of polyacrylamide.That is, if fluid has viscosity or other rheological characteristics similar to not having its viscosity that will have of polyacrylamide or other rheological characteristicss.
In our laboratory, carry out some and tested to assess the feasibility that makes the foaming of sealing gel systems, it becomes rapidly one of best mode of placing tightness system at the aerogenesis band.Gel foam is foamed with high shear rate in mixing tank by crosslinked polyacrylamide solution-form with hard and liquid form-Jia tensio-active agent.Gel foam by to produce for generation of the similar method of those methods of water-based foam, wherein main difference is that the foreign minister of gel foam is crosslinked between gel foam and the water-based foam, thereby has greatly strengthened the mechanical stability of foaming system.Therefore according to lab investigation, the polyacrylamide short period of time is kept foam stabilization, adds the polymkeric substance that helps to increase half foam life period and becomes and be necessary.By the several times lab investigation, find that the polymkeric substance (such as guar gum) of different identity can increase half foam life period by the viscosity that increases crosslinked polyacrylamide solution, and do not affect the performance of the setting time of system.Up to now, for flow-gel, observed when guar gum being joined in the crosslinked polyacrylamide solution, flow-gel is more stable.
A subject matter of gas shutoff is to place crosslinked polyacrylamide-such as the acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer, and the acrylamide polymer gel that replaces is guaranteed gel injected and rest on to contain the band of gas until solidify.Therefore, need to require optimizing half foam life period and froth quality stable foam so that system solidify and prevent that it from collapsing to pay sand.Proved and be difficult to produce stable foam with nitrogen and polyacrylamide fluid and conventional whipping agent.Yet, by in fluid, adding second polymer, may greatly increase the viscosity of half foam life period and polyacrylamide solution.This is considered to owing to greatly increasing the result that the second polymer (guar gum or biological polymer) of the low shearing apparent viscosity of fluid produces.The low shearing apparent viscosity indication polyacrylamide that increases and the synergy (table 1 and 2) between the second polymer.
Figure BPA00001625144300051
Table 1: the viscosity and the half foam life period that add and do not add the acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer (A1) of guar gum (G1).
Figure BPA00001625144300052
Table 2: the viscosity of using the acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer (A1) with the special glue of enlightening and guar gum (G1) polymkeric substance
Aerated fluid comprises and has half foam life period greater than the A1 of the special glue of five (5) hours enlightening.The most stable foam is the foam (Fig. 1) when existence between two kinds of polymkeric substance at utmost interacts.
Fig. 1 illustrates half foam life period and the stability of 3.1 % by weight acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymers (A1) of the special glue of the enlightening with different concns and C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate tensio-active agent.
1.0.7 the special glue of % by weight enlightening+0.5 volume %C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate tensio-active agent
2.0.7 the special glue of % by weight enlightening+1.0 volume %C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate tensio-active agents
3.0.25 the special glue of % by weight enlightening+0.5 volume %C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate tensio-active agent
4.0.42 the special glue of % by weight enlightening+0.5 volume %C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate tensio-active agent
Proved that for the lab investigation of foam homogenizer (waring blender) is not the suitable equipment that produces for foam, because the jar bottom is mixed inhomogeneous during high-shear.Therefore, use Silverson mixing tank-model L4RT-to be used for the foam test, so realize more uniform foams mix because mixing paddle can move equably in whole foam.
The program of foaming test illustrates as follows:
Gel mixes
● the water of proper volume is inserted in the jar
● polyacrylamide (acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer) put into homogenizer and begin to mix with about 2000rpm and be no less than one (1) hour.
● the adding promoting agent also mixed 20 minutes and then added linking agent and continued mixing approximately 20 minutes.
● the last additive of adding guar polymer conduct also mixed 1.5 hours or 2 hours.Repeated extremely important for the viscosity of improving linear gel (lineal gel) and result of the chamber test correct hydration that proved polyacrylamide by experiment.It is the best mode that obtains about the better and reproducible results of viscosity and half foam life period that fluid (polymkeric substance+promoting agent+linking agent) is spent the night.
● the viscosity of measuring every kind of polyacrylamide and guar gum-crosslinker solution after each the mixing is good practice.
Foaming test in the laboratory
● get the crosslinked polyacrylamide solution of 100mL (101g) and put it in the meter glass (2000mL) of polyacrylamide, and stir at magnetic stirrer.
● add tensio-active agent-whipping agent in the solution and mixed one (1) minute with the concentration of expectation.Usually, there is not foam to produce in this stage
● use Silverson mixing tank-LV 4RT mixing tank with 4000rpm mixing solutions 3 minutes.Attempt to reach the overall height shearing of about 15sec ± 5sec.Should make the beaker rotation and move up and down to guarantee even mixing.
● measure and the record foam height based on the graduated scale on the beaker
● use stopwatch to measure the transformation period of foam (mixing tank closes the 50mL liquid of having no progeny discharges the required time of foam)
Calculate froth quality by using following relation:
Froth quality=(the * 100% of foam height-100mL)/(foam height)
Laboratory result
Table 1 :The preparation of crosslinked polyacrylamide preparation-A1 (acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer) and (vulkacit H) linking agent and acetic acid (Ac) pH contrast
Table No.2: have acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer (A1) and vulkacit H linking agent and the foaming surfactant of acetic acid (Ac) pH contrast and the assessment of stablizer
Figure BPA00001625144300081
*The description of used foaming surfactant and stablizer
AEF: pure ether phosphate
A=is rich in the oxyethyl group minute pure and mild oxyethyl group 4-of cladodification C11-14, C13 nonyl phenol
The B=AMONYL 380LC
C=two cocoyl alkyl dimethyl ammonium chlorides
D=C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate
E=linearity/branch C11 alcohol ethoxylate (8EO)
F=both sexes alkylamine
G=tridecyl ether sodium sulfate
The mixture of H=ethoxylated alcohol
The mixture of I=polyoxyethylene glycol, alcoxylates and methyl alcohol
The MS=mutual solvent
The G1=guar polymer
Figure BPA00001625144300091
(vulkacit H) linking agent and acetic acid (Ac) pH contrast
The acrylamide polymer that SA1 replaces-
Below be some figure that simplify acquired results
Fig. 2 and 3 illustrates more than its concentration to 0.5 volume of the more stable and unnecessary increase of the foam % that uses surfactant D.Fig. 2: select whipping agent (preparation No.1-3.1%A1+ acetic acid+linking agent)+foaming surfactant
Fig. 3: preparation No.2 (acrylamide polymer that 5.2%A1+Ac+ replaces).
Here be table 3
Figure BPA00001625144300101
Here be table 4
Figure BPA00001625144300111
Fig. 4 illustrates different acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymers (A1) % by weight concentration-3.1%, 5.2% and 6% figure.Increase concentration of polyacrylamide reduction froth quality but the increase half foam life period
Fig. 5 is the figure of preparation No.2 (acrylamide polymer that 5.2%A1+Ac+ replaces)+0.5 (volume) % surfactant D+0.5 (volume) % tensio-active agent I.It shows that the concentration that increases improves froth stability but the slight reduction froth quality.
Fig. 6 is the figure with the polymers soln of 0.5% surfactant D foaming.The two all has good froth quality and bad froth stability to linear gel with G1 (guar gum) with for A1 (acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer).Yet when two kinds of polymkeric substance (acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer+guar gum) made up, froth stability increased.
Fig. 7 adds the preparation No.1 that has different hydration times behind the G1 polymkeric substance (figure of the acrylamide polymer that 3.1%A1+Ac+ replaces+G1).
Fig. 8 has the special glue of different concns enlightening *The figure of preparation No.1.
Fig. 9 is the figure as the rheological behaviour of the Fann-35 of the function of shearing rate.
The hydration level of two kinds of polymkeric substance plays a very important role to froth quality.When make polyacrylamide solution adding the G1 guar polymer before hydration prolong time period the time, reach better and reproducible results more.
Figure 10 A and 10B illustrate the G1 polymkeric substance to the impact of the setting time performance of the acrylamide polymer fluid of acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer and replacement.Do not observe Main change.After adding G1, two kinds of systems reach strict setting time sooner.Equally, when G1 was included in the preparation, it is more stable that gel seems.
3.1 the photo of % by weight acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer and 1 % by weight acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer illustrates this performance.
Use the foaming assessment of the special glue of enlightening
Base fluid3.1 the acrylamide polymer that % by weight A1+0.21 % by weight replaces+0.21 % by weight Ac+0.5 volume %D
Fig. 8 and 9 illustrates rheology and how to depend on employed polymkeric substance or combination of polymers.Symbol+refer to fluid contains the acrylamide polymer that A1+ replaces+Ac+ surfactant D with the concentration shown in above.Fig. 8 illustrates has the special glue of different concns enlightening *The result of preparation No.1, and Fig. 9 illustrates the result about the rheological properties of Fann-35 and shearing rate.
High foam stability behind the special glue of adding enlightening.Do not observe discharge in 5 hours.
*The concentration of the special glue of enlightening and tensio-active agent
1. the special glue of base fluid+0.7 % by weight enlightening+0.5 volume %C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate tensio-active agent
2. the special glue of base fluid+0.7 % by weight enlightening+1.0 volume %C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate tensio-active agents
3. the special glue of base fluid+0.25 % by weight enlightening+0.5 volume %C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate tensio-active agent
4. the special glue of base fluid+0.42 % by weight enlightening+0.5 volume %C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate tensio-active agent
The setting time of acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer when adding the special glue of enlightening
Have and when not having the special glue of enlightening setting time do not have significant difference.Yet the special glue of enlightening is given elasticity to the denseness of system.Picture display system with the special glue of enlightening reaches the state of bubble after its strict setting time, does not have fluid expulsion.
Assessment with tensio-active agent of the special glue of enlightening and acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer
The composition of tensio-active agent (active ingredient)
A=is rich in the oxyethyl group minute pure and mild oxyethyl group 4-of cladodification C11-14, C13 nonyl phenol
The B=AMONYL 380LC
C=two cocoyl alkyl dimethyl ammonium chlorides
D=C6-C10 Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) oxyethyl group ammonium sulfate
E=linearity/branch C11 alcohol ethoxylate (8EO)
F=both sexes alkylamine
G=tridecyl ether sodium sulfate
The mixture of H=ethoxylated alcohol
Figure BPA00001625144300141
Figure BPA00001625144300142
Froth stability under temperature
Use the nitrogen further special glue of the fluid 3.1 % by weight acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymers of the following preparation of assessment+0.7 % by weight enlightening+1.0 volume % AMONYL 380LC in circulation foam loop at 100 ℃.Do not comprise in the test process that vulkacit H is to prevent gelation.Quality preparation foam with 72%.Except three shear gradients, keep 100s in the whole test process -1Constant shearing rate, wherein be down to 75,50,25 and then increase to 50,75 and 100s at these three shear gradient middle shear rates -1Table 1 illustrates the power law parameter that calculates for foam and elapsed time.Clearly, keep its viscosity at 3.5 hours test duration inner foam and have less variation with its shear-thinning characteristic.The rheology vestige is included among Figure 11.The picture of the foam of isolating in claire illustrates in the drawings.The original position STATIC FOAM picture that Figure 11 takes in claire from left to right 7 minutes, 1 hour and 3 hours.Figure 11. the original position STATIC FOAM picture of in claire, taking from left to right 7 minutes, 1 hour and 3 hours.Do not observe discharge at 3.5 hour in the test duration process.Do not observe discharge at 3.5 hour in the test duration process.
Foam alligatoring to a certain degree is significantly, but foam was not discharged within 3.5 hour test duration.
The power law parameter of table 1. foam test
Figure BPA00001625144300151
Some illustrative embodiment about inventor's idea propose aforementioned description.The technician of field and technology will understand the change that can implement institute's description scheme and working method and variation and not have a mind to depart from the principle and scope of the present invention under the present invention.Therefore, aforementioned description should not be construed as and only belongs to precision architecture described and shown in the drawings, but is interpreted as on the contrary consistent with following claim and supports following claim, and described claim has its most abundant and the most fair scope.
In addition, the description among the application is not interpreted as meaning that any particular element, step or function are the necessary elements that must include in the claim scope: the scope of patented subject matter is only limited by the claim that allows.And these claims are not intended to call the 6th section of 35USC § 112, unless " be intended to " the heel participle at word accurately.It is comprehensive as far as possible that the claim of submitting to is intended to, and does not have theme have a mind to be abolished, sacrifices (dedicated) or abandon.

Claims (15)

1. method for the treatment of the stratum, it comprises:
Formation comprises the fluid of polyacrylamide and biological polymer; With
Described fluid is introduced the stratum;
Wherein select described polyacrylamide and biological polymer only to select a kind of polymkeric substance to have the described fluid of longer half foam life period and viscosity higher to form such as fruit.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein said polyacrylamide comprises polyacrylamide, grafted polyacrylamide, modified polyacrylamide, polyacrylamide hybrid, hydrophobic polypropylene acid amides, wetting ability polyacrylamide, acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer and/or its any combination.
3. method according to claim 1 is wherein selected described polyacrylamide for its molecular weight.
4. method according to claim 3, the molecular weight of wherein said polyacrylamide are approximately 5 to about 15MM.
5. method according to claim 3, the molecular weight of wherein said polyacrylamide are approximately 200 to about 500K.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein said biological polymer are the special glue of enlightening.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein said biological polymer is xanthan gum.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein said biological polymer is guar gum.
9. method according to claim 1, wherein said biological polymer is crosslinked not to be changed because of the existence of polyacrylamide.
10. method of processing the stratum, it comprises:
Formation comprises the fluid of polyacrylamide and biological polymer; With
Described fluid is introduced the stratum;
It is crosslinked that wherein said polyacrylamide does not change biological polymer.
11. method according to claim 10, wherein said polyacrylamide comprise polyacrylamide, grafted polyacrylamide, modified polyacrylamide, polyacrylamide hybrid, hydrophobic polypropylene acid amides, wetting ability polyacrylamide, acrylamide sodium acrylate copolymer and/or its any combination.
12. method according to claim 10, wherein said biological polymer are enlightening spy glue.
13. method according to claim 10, wherein said biological polymer is xanthan gum.
14. method according to claim 10, wherein said biological polymer is guar gum.
15. method according to claim 10 is wherein selected described polyacrylamide for its molecular weight.
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WO2011135553A2 (en) 2011-11-03
WO2011135553A3 (en) 2012-04-12
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AU2011246902B2 (en) 2014-11-13
MX2012012591A (en) 2013-04-11

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