CN102863782A - Reinforced and toughened nylon composite used for high-speed railways and preparation method for composite - Google Patents
Reinforced and toughened nylon composite used for high-speed railways and preparation method for composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN102863782A CN102863782A CN2012103682198A CN201210368219A CN102863782A CN 102863782 A CN102863782 A CN 102863782A CN 2012103682198 A CN2012103682198 A CN 2012103682198A CN 201210368219 A CN201210368219 A CN 201210368219A CN 102863782 A CN102863782 A CN 102863782A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
- B29C2948/92704—Temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
- B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
- B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
- B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
- B29C2948/92895—Barrel or housing
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials and relates to a reinforced and toughened nylon composite used for high-speed railways and a preparation method for the composite. The nylon composite is prepared by following components, by weight, 65-75 parts of nylon resin, 25-35 parts of glass fiber, 2-6 parts of toughening agent and 0.8-5 parts of auxiliary. The nylon composite is good in toughness, high in strength, small in density, light in weight, excellent in insulativity, lowered in noise and vibration, convenient to maintain, especially improved in hydrolysis resistance and improved in product life. Tough nylon engineering plastic resin is prepared by adding the glass fiber, the toughening agent, thermal stabilizer, the lubricant, hydrolysis resistant agent and nucleating agent into nylon resin, and nylon baffle blocks, steel-rail insulation gauge blocks and plastic sleeve used for switch ties are prepared by injection molding. The reinforced and toughened nylon composite used for the high-speed railways is easy to form and low in production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of polymer materials, relate to a kind of nylon composite materials and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Nylon material is widely used in ballastless track as a kind of good mechanical performance and the little special engineering plastics of proportion, nylon baffle seat for example, rail insulation track gauge block and switch tie are with plastic casing etc., become the third-largest class material in the track structure, but domestic common single trade mark nylon material is difficult to satisfy the requirements such as the high strength, high-durability of high-speed railway.Along with the fast development of China Express Railway, for high-mechanic, high quality, the reduced-maintenance requirement of satisfying Line for Passenger Transportation, the railway system is in the urgent need to a kind of nylon material that is suitable for China Express Railway.Publication number is to disclose nylon engineering plastic for high-speed railway rail fastening and manufacture method thereof in the application for a patent for invention of CN101250322A, this project plastics can be used for high-speed railway rail fastening, but its over-all properties is lower, and this material exists easily suction to cause the shortcoming of hydrolysis, and degraded causes performance to reduce having under the climatope of long-term rain easily.The present invention is take nylon resin as raw material, and the nylon alloy matrix material of producing by alloy prior can satisfy China Express Railway to the requirement of nylon material, has solved well the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of density is little, insulativity is good, be easy to machine-shaping, reduce noise, reduce vibration, the nylon composite materials that can be used for high ferro of the advantages such as cost is low, convenient for maintaining, especially can keep for a long time superior performance in the moistening place of weather.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of nylon composite materials, made by the component that comprises following parts by weight:
Nylon resin 65-75 part
Glass fibre 25-35 part
Toughner 2-6 part
Auxiliary agent 0.8-5 part
Described auxiliary agent comprises hydrolysis-resisting agent, and described hydrolysis-resisting agent is polycarbodiimide.
It is 2.4dL/g that described nylon resin can be selected from viscosity, and melting index is the PA66 material of 18-20g/10min according to test under 1238,275 ℃ of ASTM D, the 0.325kg condition.
Described glass fibre is the alkali-free chopped glass fiber of diameter 10-13 micron, and chopped glass fiber length is the 3-5 millimeter.
Described toughner is POE grafted maleic anhydride (POE-g-MAH) and/or EPDM grafted maleic anhydride (EPDM-g-MAH), and percentage of grafting is 0.8%-1%.
Described auxiliary agent also comprises thermo-stabilizer, lubricant and nucleator; Described thermo-stabilizer is cuprous halide, consumption 0.1-0.4 part; Described lubricant is pentaerythritol stearate and the composite lubricant of potassium halide, consumption 0.2-0.7 part; Described nucleator is long carbochain carboxylic acid calcium salt CAV102, consumption 0.001-0.01 part.
The preparation method of described nylon composite materials may further comprise the steps:
(1) take by weighing each component raw material by proportioning: nylon resin 65-75 part, toughner 2-6 part, auxiliary agent 0.8-5 part mixes in high-speed mixer;
(2) material that mixes is carried out extruding pelletization in twin screw extruder, add 25-35 part glass fibre at forcing machine glass charging opening.
Nylon resin in the described step (1) is dry nylon resin, mixes front at 90 ~ 110 ℃ of lower forced air drying 2-6 hours.
The temperature of twin screw extruder is 240-280 ℃ in the described step (2).
Advantage of the present invention and beneficial effect thereof:
1, nylon composite materials good toughness of the present invention, intensity height, and have the advantages such as density is little, lightweight, insulativity is good, reduction noise, reduction vibration, convenient for maintaining, especially resistance to hydrolysiss enhancing has improved product life;
2, the present invention adds glass fibre in nylon resin, toughner, and thermo-stabilizer, lubricant, hydrolysis-resisting agent, nucleator make tough nylon engineering plastic resin, can be made into the nylon baffle seat through injection moulding, rail insulation track gauge block and switch tie plastic casing;
3, nylon composite materials of the present invention is easy to moulding, low production cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is carried out detailed further description and explanation, but following embodiment is not to be any simple restriction to connotation of the present invention, any based on connotation of the present invention simple deformation or replace and all should belong to the interest field that the present invention requires.
Embodiment 1
Take by weighing 65 parts of PA66 90 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 6 hours, take by weighing 3 parts of POE-g-MAH, 3 parts of EPDM-g-MAH, 0.4 part of cuprous chloride, 0.4 part in Repone K, 0.3 part of pentaerythritol stearate, 2 parts of polycarbodiimides, 0.01 part of CAV102 mixed 10 minutes in high-speed mixer; With the material extruding pelletization in twin screw extruder that mixes, add 30 parts of glasses by the glass charging opening.
Extruder temperature is set to: 240 ℃ in I district, 260 ℃ in II district, 270 ℃ in III district, 280 ℃ in IV district, 275 ℃ in V district, 275 ℃ in VI district, 270 ℃ of heads, after material is extruded, through water-cooled, pelletizing, pellet was 90 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 3 hours, make batten by injection moulding machine, placed 24 hours under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.(1) according to the standard testing performance; (2) boiling water boiling is 6 hours, places 24 hours test performance under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.Test result sees Table 1.
Embodiment 2
Take by weighing 65 parts of PA66,10 parts of PA6 90 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 6 hours, take by weighing 4 parts of EPDM-g-MAH, 0.3 part of cuprous bromide, 0.3 part of Potassium Bromide, 0.2 part of pentaerythritol stearate, 1 part of polycarbodiimide, 0.005 part of CAV102 mixed 8 minutes in high-speed mixer; With the material extruding pelletization in twin screw extruder that mixes, add 35 parts of glasses by the glass charging opening.
Extruder temperature is set to: 240 ℃ in I district, 260 ℃ in II district, 270 ℃ in III district, 280 ℃ in IV district, 275 ℃ in V district, 275 ℃ in VI district, 270 ℃ of heads, after material is extruded, through water-cooled, pelletizing, pellet was 90 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 3 hours, make batten by injection moulding machine, placed 24 hours under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.(1) according to the standard testing performance; (2) boiling water boiling is 6 hours, places 24 hours test performance under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.Test result sees Table 1.
Embodiment 3
Take by weighing 75 parts of PA66 110 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 6 hours, take by weighing 3 parts of EPDM-g-MAH, 0.1 part of cuprous chloride, 0.1 part in Repone K, 0.1 part of pentaerythritol stearate, 0.5 part of polycarbodiimide, 0.001 part of CAV102 mixed 8 minutes in high-speed mixer; With the material extruding pelletization in twin screw extruder that mixes, add 25 parts of glasses by the glass charging opening.
Extruder temperature is set to: 240 ℃ in I district, 260 ℃ in II district, 270 ℃ in III district, 280 ℃ in IV district, 275 ℃ in V district, 275 ℃ in VI district, 270 ℃ of heads, after material is extruded, through water-cooled, pelletizing, pellet was 90 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 3 hours, make batten by injection moulding machine, placed 24 hours under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.(1) according to the standard testing performance; (2) boiling water boiling is 6 hours, places 24 hours test performance under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.Test result sees Table 1.
Embodiment 4
Take by weighing 70 parts of PA66 110 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 6 hours, take by weighing 2 parts of EPDM-g-MAH, 0.1 part of cuprous chloride, 0.1 part in Repone K, 0.1 part of pentaerythritol stearate, 0.5 part of polycarbodiimide, 0.001 part of CAV102 mixed 8 minutes in high-speed mixer; With the material extruding pelletization in twin screw extruder that mixes, add 28 parts of glasses by the glass charging opening.
Extruder temperature is set to: 240 ℃ in I district, 260 ℃ in II district, 270 ℃ in III district, 280 ℃ in IV district, 275 ℃ in V district, 275 ℃ in VI district, 270 ℃ of heads, after material is extruded, through water-cooled, pelletizing, pellet was 90 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 3 hours, make batten by injection moulding machine, placed 24 hours under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.(1) according to the standard testing performance; (2) boiling water boiling is 6 hours, places 24 hours test performance under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.Test result sees Table 2.
Embodiment 5
Take by weighing 75 parts of PA66 110 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 6 hours, take by weighing 5 parts of POE-g-MAH, 0.1 part of cuprous chloride, 0.1 part in Repone K, 0.1 part of pentaerythritol stearate, 0.5 part of polycarbodiimide, 0.001 part of CAV102 mixed 8 minutes in high-speed mixer; With the material extruding pelletization in twin screw extruder that mixes, add 32 parts of glasses by the glass charging opening.
Extruder temperature is set to: 240 ℃ in I district, 260 ℃ in II district, 270 ℃ in III district, 280 ℃ in IV district, 275 ℃ in V district, 275 ℃ in VI district, 270 ℃ of heads, after material is extruded, through water-cooled, pelletizing, pellet was 90 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 3 hours, make batten by injection moulding machine, placed 24 hours under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.(1) according to the standard testing performance; (2) boiling water boiling is 6 hours, places 24 hours test performance under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.Test result sees Table 2.
Embodiment 6
Take by weighing 75 parts of PA66 110 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 6 hours, take by weighing 5 parts of EPDM-g-MAH, 5 parts of polycarbodiimides, in high-speed mixer, mixed 8 minutes; With the material extruding pelletization in twin screw extruder that mixes, add 35 parts of glasses by the glass charging opening.
Extruder temperature is set to: 240 ℃ in I district, 260 ℃ in II district, 270 ℃ in III district, 280 ℃ in IV district, 275 ℃ in V district, 275 ℃ in VI district, 270 ℃ of heads, after material is extruded, through water-cooled, pelletizing, pellet was 100 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 6 hours, make batten by injection moulding machine, placed 24 hours under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.(1) according to the standard testing performance; (2) boiling water boiling is 6 hours, places 24 hours test performance under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.Test result sees Table 2.
Comparative Examples
Take by weighing 65 parts of PA66 90 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 6 hours, take by weighing 6 parts of POE-g-MAH, 1,098 3 parts in oxidation inhibitor, 3 parts of irgasfos 168s, 0.3 part of pentaerythritol stearate mixed 10 minutes in high-speed mixer; With the material extruding pelletization in twin screw extruder that mixes, add 30 parts of glasses by the glass charging opening.
Extruder temperature is set to: 240 ℃ in I district, 260 ℃ in II district, 270 ℃ in III district, 280 ℃ in IV district, 275 ℃ in V district, 275 ℃ in VI district, 270 ℃ of heads, after material is extruded, through water-cooled, pelletizing, pellet was 90 ℃ of lower forced air dryings 3 hours, make batten by injection moulding machine, placed 24 hours under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.
Adopt respectively following different methods to test: (1) is according to the standard testing performance; (2) boiling water boiling is 6 hours, places 24 hours test performance under 23 ℃ of constant temperature, humidity 50% condition.Test result sees Table 1.
Table 1
Table 2
Comparative Examples is that common nylon adds glass and strengthens toughness reinforcing prescription, and from the test result contrast as can be known, the metal halide thermo-stabilizer replaces common oxidation inhibitor, cooperates the adding of hydrolysis-resisting agent and nucleator, and the resistant to hydrolysis ability of material is improved.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.The person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various modifications to these embodiment, and needn't pass through performing creative labour being applied in the General Principle of this explanation among other embodiment.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiment here, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not breaking away from the improvement that category of the present invention makes and revise all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. nylon composite materials, it is characterized in that: the component by following parts by weight is made:
Nylon resin 65-75 part
Glass fibre 25-35 part
Toughner 2-6 part
Auxiliary agent 0.8-5 part
Described auxiliary agent comprises hydrolysis-resisting agent, and described hydrolysis-resisting agent is polycarbodiimide.
2. nylon composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is 2.4dL/g that described nylon resin is selected from viscosity, melting index is the PA66 material of 18-20g/10min.
3. nylon composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described glass fibre is the alkali-free chopped glass fiber of diameter 10-13 micron, and chopped glass fiber length is the 3-5 millimeter.
4. nylon composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described toughner is POE grafted maleic anhydride and/or EPDM grafted maleic anhydride, and percentage of grafting is 0.8%-1%.
5. nylon composite materials according to claim 1 is characterized in that described auxiliary agent also comprises thermo-stabilizer, lubricant and nucleator;
Wherein said thermo-stabilizer is cuprous halide, consumption 0.1-0.4 part; Described lubricant is pentaerythritol stearate and the composite lubricant of potassium halide, consumption 0.2-0.7 part; Described nucleator is long carbochain carboxylic acid calcium salt, consumption 0.001-0.01 part.
6. the preparation method of arbitrary described nylon composite materials among the claim 1-5 is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
(1) take by weighing each component raw material by proportioning: nylon resin 65-75 part, toughner 2-6 part, auxiliary agent 0.8-5 part mixes in high-speed mixer;
(2) material that mixes is carried out extruding pelletization in twin screw extruder, add 25-35 part glass fibre at forcing machine glass charging opening.
7. preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the nylon resin in the described step (1) is dry nylon resin, before mixing at 90 ~ 110 ℃ of lower forced air drying 2-6 hours.
8. preparation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the temperature of twin screw extruder is 240-280 ℃ in the described step (2).
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