CN102852782B - Large-scale water pump unit and working condition adjusting mode accurate quantitative model-selection method - Google Patents
Large-scale water pump unit and working condition adjusting mode accurate quantitative model-selection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-scale water pump unit and a working condition adjusting mode accurate quantitative model-selection method and belongs to the technical field of pump stations. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of A), firstly choosing various types of feasible pump sizes and number; B), determining the power of matching electrical motors in various feasible pump sizes initially; C), calculating variable working condition annual optimizing operation cost of a pump unit and total device cost caused when a pump station unit is provided with different working condition adjusting modes, the total cost of running and devices of the pump station unit in the period of the service life when a frequency conversion speed-changing adjusting mode, a total angle-changing adjusting mode and a half working condition adjusting mode are arranged for the pump station unit; and comparing total costs of different schemes and determining that the total cost which is the lowest is a best scheme. According to the pump unit device model-selection method, the usage requirement of a pump station can be guaranteed, high efficiency can be achieved, the cost of the device can be saved, and the running cost can be saved. The method can be applied to water pump units of national medium and large pump stations and selection of working condition adjusting modes and optimizing operation, and the electrical energy and the device cost are saved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of water pump assembly selection method, relate in particular to the quantitative selection method of a kind of large pump units and regulating working conditions mode thereof, belong to pumping plant and water pump assembly planning and design selection field.
Background technique
Large pump units is primarily of part compositions such as pump-unit, motor, transmission device and controlling mechanisms.Traditional water pump assembly selection method: 1. under rated lift, the flow that draws water meets design discharge requirement, and pump efficiency is higher; 2., under average lift, water pump should work in efficient district.According to design head of pumping station, usually cannot determine unique pump-type be suitable for (such as, rated lift is the pumping plant of about 7 m, vertical-type axial-flow pump, horizontal mix-flow pump, vertical mixed flow pump and inclined axial flow and mixed flow pump are all within Applicable scope) and regulating working conditions mode, do not consider the factor such as water pump and pump stations condition adjustment, the change of pumping plant lift and equipment investment, result causes water pump assembly type selecting unreasonable, and operational efficiency is low, causes the waste of operation and cost of equipment.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be according to current large pump units type selecting also exist Consideration not comprehensively, type selecting is unreasonable, cause the problems such as operation and cost of equipment waste.For Problems existing, a kind of large pump units and regulating working conditions mode accurate quantification selection method thereof are proposed.The present invention first just selects all pump assembly schemes meeting application technology and require, reject obvious irrational scheme, obtain multiple feasible program, different regulating working conditions mode is adopted to each feasible program, according to the change of pumping plant lift and traffic requirement, optimize the operating conditions of the different run duration of pumping plant, calculate operating cost, under the prerequisite meeting pumping plant usage requirement, in computational engineering useful life period, each feasible program considers the operating cost of optimizing operation and the summation of cost of equipment, determine that overall cost the lowest is optimum pump-type, auxiliary motor and regulating working conditions mode assembled scheme.The pump assembly Equipments Choosing Method that the present invention proposes can ensure the usage requirement of pumping plant, can reach again efficient, save the object of equipment cost, save and run and cost of equipment more than 2% ~ 5%.
Technological scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of large pump units and regulating working conditions mode accurate quantification selection method thereof, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A. under the prerequisite meeting usage requirement, according to pumping plant feature lift and design discharge, several feasible pump-type and number of units is just selected;
B. according to pumping plant feature lift and pump shaft power, the auxiliary motor power of various feasible pump-type is tentatively determined;
C. for several feasible pump-type just selected, calculate respectively pump assembly arrange that variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates, angle regulates entirely and half regulates regulating working conditions mode time, pump assembly variable working condition optimizing operation annual operating cost:
(1) water pump in pump station unit annual operating cost;
(2) variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates pump assembly annual operating cost;
(3) adjusting blade angle water pump assembly annual operating cost;
(4) half water pump assembly annual operating cost is regulated;
D. total cost of equipment when pumping plant unit arranges different regulating working conditions mode is calculated;
E. calculate in pumping plant unit useful life period and run and equipment overall cost, compare the overall cost size of different schemes, the scheme that overall cost is economized most is optimal case, and pump assembly and the regulating working conditions mode of its correspondence are also optimum.
The described several feasible pump-type for just selecting, calculate respectively pump assembly arrange that variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates, angle regulates entirely and the regulating working conditions mode such as half adjustment time, pump assembly variable working condition optimizing operation annual operating cost.In computational process, the operation lift in a year is a continuous variable, is run the function of lift, is and pumping plant year runs lift Time Density, utilize integral method to calculate pumping plant annual operating cost under ultimate state in the service hours in some lift intervals.The concrete computational process of step C is as follows:
(1) pumping plant year runs the determination of lift Time Density
According to pumping plant feature lift, the concept that pumping plant year runs lift Time Density is proposed.Pumping plant usually near average lift working time the longest, near H-Max and minimum lift, working time is the shortest, near parabolic distribution feature.With pump-unit lift H
zfor abscissa, to run lift Time Density function f pumping plant year
(H
z) (its physical significance is at dt/dH working time running unit of arbitrary lift place lift in range of lift
z) be y coordinate, make and run lift Time Density function relation curve pumping plant year, as Fig. 2.Wherein, the abscissa of A point, E point and C point corresponds respectively to pumping plant minimum operation lift H
zmin, maximum time density run lift H
zEwith maximum operation lift H
zmax.If run lift Time Density function f pumping plant year
(H
z) by piecewise function f
1(H
z) and f
2(H
z) form, and available quadratic polynomial is expressed, namely
In formula: a
1, b
1, c
1, a
2, b
2and c
2be coefficient.
Consider that working time in pumping plant year is T, then function f (H
z) following relation should be met:
By solving above-mentioned equation, function f can be obtained
(H
z) coefficient a
1, b
1, c
1, a
2, b
2, c
2.
When the flow that draws water is certain, water pump in pump station unit annual operating cost
In formula: ρ is the density of water body, g is gravity accleration, and Q is unit flow, H
zfor pump-unit lift, n is unit start number of units, t
1, t
2be respectively the upper and lower limit of integration; η
zfor pump assembly efficiency, η
drfor transmission efficiency, η
motfor motor efficiency, η
bpfor converter plant efficiency, Q
zfor pumping plant always draws water flow.
Due to dt=f (H
z) dH
z=f (H
z) H
z' (Q) dQ, then formula (3) can be changed into
In formula: η
xtfor pump system efficiency, η
xt=η
zη
drη
motη
bp.
(2) variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates pump assembly annual operating cost
For the pumping plant arranging frequency control of motor speed function, pumping plant unit operation operating mode can be changed by regulating pump rotary speed.As Fig. 3, in water pump slewing range (choosing gear ratio is 0.7 ~ 1.0), pump system efficiency η under matching different rotating speeds
xtthe pump-unit lift H that peak is corresponding
zoptimum operating condition curve is run, as BCE curve in Fig. 2 with the pump assembly variable-frequency and variable-speed of flow Q.Point A, B are respectively minimum Unit head, optimum operating condition parabola and lower boundary rotating speed 0.7n
ethe intersection point of pump-unit performance curve; Point E, F are respectively optimum operating condition parabola, largest device lift and coboundary rotating speed n
ethe intersection point of pump-unit performance curve.
RHVC needs consumed energy when running, and adds the power loss of pumping system.Therefore, if make pump assembly efficiency improve and the operating cost saved is less than the operating cost increased because implementing variable-frequency and variable-speed operation (converter plant efficiency <1) because variable-frequency and variable-speed runs, then should not carry out variable-frequency and variable-speed operation when smaller (this situation occur in reduction of speed).Figure mid point C represents the pump assembly separation whether variable-frequency and variable-speed runs, namely as pump-unit lift H
z≤ H
zc, should variable-frequency and variable-speed operation be carried out; As pump-unit lift H
z>H
zc, then should not carry out variable-frequency and variable-speed operation, and run in rated speed.Point D is Unit head H
zcwith n
etime pump-unit performance curve intersection point.
On water pump system optimum operating condition curve B CE, E point is the most effective point of water pump system, and along with the reduction of running speed, motor efficiency decreases, and water pump system efficiency also decreases.In Fig. 3, E point lift is E point maximum time density in Fig. 2 and runs lift H
zE.As Unit head H
z<H
zB, pump assembly should at 0.7n
erotating speed runs; As Unit head H
zB≤ H
z≤ H
zC, pump assembly should be implemented variable-frequency and variable-speed and run; As pump-unit lift H
z>H
zC, pump assembly should depart from converter plant and run in rated speed.Therefore, calculating path is AB → BC → DE → EF, and formula (4) can be changed into
(3) adjusting blade angle water pump assembly annual operating cost
For the pump assembly arranging blade adjustments function, pumping plant unit operation operating mode can be changed by regulating water pump blade angle, saving operating cost.Solve pump system efficiency peak under different device lift, make pump assembly angle and run optimum operating condition curve, as shown in Figure 4, in figure, arrow place curve is pumping system optimum operating condition curve when angle runs.Pump system efficiency peak when point A, E, C are respectively minimum Unit head, maximum time, density ran lift, largest device lift.Pump system efficiency peak under other Unit head can utilize cubic spline interpolation to solve.
Full pumping plant unit annual operating cost can be expressed as
(4) half water pump assembly annual operating cost is regulated
Partly regulate water pump assembly for what do not change blade angle in running, its annual operating cost formula still can adopt formula (6), but path of integration becomes pump-unit performance curve under set angle changes to H-Max from minimum lift.
Calculating pumping plant unit arranges total cost of equipment during different regulating working conditions mode, mainly comprises main water pump, driving mechanism (as gear-box), auxiliary motor (single speed motor, two-speed motor), propeller regulating mechanism, frequency variator etc.
For a certain pumping plant, arrange different regulating working conditions modes, pump equipment basic charge is identical, as the 2800ZGQ-2.5 pump assembly equipment price of 2010 is: high-speed motor 500,000 yuan/platform; Slow-speed motor 1,500,000 yuan/platform; Gear-box 1,000,000 yuan/cover, every sleeve gear case service life is 10 years, and motor and pumps design working life are 20 years, change a gear-box at motor and water pump lifetime domestic demand.The price difference of double speed change pole motor and single speed motor is 800,000 yuan/platform; Frequency variator and Installation and Debugging expense are 1200 yuan/kW; Propeller regulating mechanism and mounting cost are 800,000 yuan/cover.
Calculate in pumping plant unit useful life period and run and equipment overall cost, compare the overall cost size of different schemes, the scheme that overall cost is economized most is optimal case, and pump assembly and the regulating working conditions mode of its correspondence are also optimum.
In useful life period, pumping plant unit operation and equipment overall cost comprise overall running cost and equipment investment expense.For adopting, variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates, angle regulates entirely and half pumping plant regulated, and overall cost can use formula (7) ~ (9) to calculate respectively, namely
F
Ts=F
y×t +(F
mot + F
bp + F
dr)×m (7)
F
Tq=F
y×t +(F
mot + F
tj + F
dr)×m (8)
F
Tb=F
y×t +(F
mot + F
dr)×m (9)
In formula: F
ts, F
tq, F
tbbe respectively variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates, angle regulates entirely and partly regulate pumping plant unit operation and equipment overall cost, F
yfor pumping plant annual operating cost, t is pumping plant lifetime (being generally 20 years), F
motfor motor cost, F
bpfor frequency variator cost, F
tjfor the full controlling mechanism cost of blade, F
drfor transmission device cost, m is pumping plant installation number of units.
The present invention adopts all pump assembly schemes just selected and meet application technology and require, reject obvious irrational scheme, obtain multiple feasible program, different regulating working conditions mode is adopted to each feasible program, according to the change of pumping plant lift and traffic requirement, optimize the operating conditions of the different run duration of pumping plant, calculate operating cost, under the prerequisite meeting pumping plant usage requirement, in computational engineering useful life period, each feasible program considers the operating cost of optimizing operation and the summation of cost of equipment, determine that overall cost the lowest is optimum pump-type, auxiliary motor and regulating working conditions mode assembled scheme.The pump assembly Equipments Choosing Method that the present invention proposes can ensure the usage requirement of pumping plant, can reach again efficient, save the object of equipment cost, save and run and cost of equipment.The present invention can be applicable to national large pumping station water pump assembly and regulating working conditions way choice thereof and optimizing operation, saves electric energy and cost of equipment, according to Multi-instance application result, can reduce expenses more than 2% ~ 5%.By national large pumping station installation 2,500 ten thousand kW, run 1000h every year, electricity price 0.8 yuan/kWh calculates, and after application the present invention, can save 4 ~ 1,000,000,000 yuan.Be conducive to the benign development of hydraulic engineering, give full play to pumping plant usefulness, promote the construction of harmonious society, there are great social economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is selection method step schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 runs lift Time Density function relation curve pumping plant year.
Fig. 3 is that pump assembly variable-frequency and variable-speed runs optimum operating condition curve.
Fig. 4 is that pump assembly angle runs optimum operating condition curve.
Fig. 5 is embodiment's pump-type 1 device performance curve.
Fig. 6 is embodiment's pump-type 2 device performance curve.
Fig. 7 is embodiment's pump-type 3 device performance curve.
Embodiment
Adopt technological scheme of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 5 ~ 7 and case, the invention will be further described, but present case should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Certain pumping plant requires to have water transfer and water drainage function, water transfer h working time design year 5000, water transfer design discharge 150 m simultaneously
3/ s, water transfer rated lift 2.35 m, average lift 2.05 m, minimum lift 1.45 m, H-Max 2.75 m; Pumping plant water drainage rated lift 4.25 m, H-Max 4.75 m.
Generally, gearbox drive efficiency, high speed electric engine efficiency can reach 98%, 96% respectively, then the product of motor efficiency and gearbox drive efficiency is 98% × 96%=94%, be 100% lower than low-speed electronic engine efficiency 95%(direct-connection transmission efficiency), and gear-box is shorter for working life, only has the half in motor working life.Within the operation period, the cost of equipment of the supporting high-speed motor of gearbox drive is higher than the cost of equipment of the supporting slow-speed motor of direct-connection transmission.Therefore, when studying this pumping plant unit regulating working conditions mode, only considering to adopt slow-speed motor, direct-connection transmission mode, and not considering high-speed motor, gearbox drive mode.
Can find out according to pumping plant feature lift, pumping plant water drainage rated lift is greater than water transfer rated lift, and both differences are larger.Therefore, need to select suitable pump-type, auxiliary motor power and regulating working conditions mode, can safe and stable operation when water drainage operating mode to meet pumping plant, can variable parameter operation be realized when water transfer operating mode, to save operating cost.
According to Preliminary Analysis Results, the pump-type that pumping plant should select lift adaptability wider, and select auxiliary motor power according to water drainage operating mode.Respectively economic analysis is carried out to the 3 kinds of pump-type just selected below.
(1) pump-type 1 feasible program Economic contrast
By the pump-type 1 that water drainage operating mode is selected, impeller diameter is 3140 mm, and rated speed is 125 r/min, and pump-unit performance is as shown in solid line in Fig. 5, and during water drainage operating mode, pump assembly efficiency is higher, is about 79%; But during water transfer operating mode, pump assembly efficiency is lower, is about 65%, and working time in pumping plant water transfer operating mode year is longer, and therefore pumping plant annual operating cost is higher.
In order to realize when this stands in water drainage unit can safety, stable operation, the object that during water transfer, pumping station operation expense is comparatively economized, rational regulating working conditions scheme when needing research water transfer operating mode.
Scheme one: adopt and partly regulate water pump, single speed motor direct-connection transmission, electromotor diameter is 3160 mm, and number of pole-pairs is 24.During water transfer, water pump runs at rated speed, design angle (0 °).The computational methods of operating cost in the pumping plant lifetime that utilization proposes above, show that pump assembly operating cost is 1947.3825 ten thousand yuan/year, and consider motor apparatus expense, in pumping plant lifetime, overall cost is 39997.650 ten thousand yuan.
Scheme two: adopt and partly regulate water pump, single speed motor direct-connection transmission, RHVC, adopts variable-frequency and variable-speed to run during water transfer.Be 1735.7620 ten thousand yuan/year by calculating pump assembly operating cost, consider motor apparatus expense and converter plant and Installation and Debugging expense, in pumping plant lifetime, overall cost is 37585.240 ten thousand yuan.
Scheme three: adopt blade entirely to regulate water pump, supporting two-speed motor direct-connection transmission, water pump 93 r/min low cruise during water transfer, by regulating water pump blade angle, realizing pumping plant water transfer operation optimization and running.Pump rotary speed is improved to rated speed by pole-changing reduction of speed during water drainage.The pump-unit performance curve of the supporting two-speed motor of full adjustment water pump is as Fig. 5 (dotted line is the pump-unit performance after pole-changing reduction of speed).Be 1756.7213 ten thousand yuan/year by calculating pump assembly angle operating cost, consider the equipment price difference of two-speed motor and single speed motor and adjusting blade angle structural establishment and mounting cost, in pumping plant lifetime, overall cost is 37304.425 ten thousand yuan.
During water transfer operating mode, motor speed reduces to 93 r/min, and according to number of pole-pairs formula p=60f/n, the number of pole-pairs obtaining motor is 32.In magnet pole widths one timing, electromotor diameter is directly proportional to number of pole-pairs, then the electromotor diameter that the slow-speed of revolution 93 r/min is corresponding is 4220 mm, and now the bulb ratio of water pump is 1.344, and the bulb of comparatively existing through-flow pump unit is than bigger than normal.If motor manufacturing technology can make the electromotor diameter of 32 numbers of pole-pairs reduce, bulb ratio is reduced to about 1.0, adopts two-speed motor to regulate the scheme of operating mode to be feasible.
Scheme four: adopt and partly regulate water pump, two-speed motor direct-connection transmission, water pump low speed during water transfer, runs at design angle (0 °).Be 1755.4436 ten thousand yuan/year by calculating pump assembly operating cost, consider the cost of equipment that two-speed motor increases, in pumping plant lifetime, overall cost is 36718.872 ten thousand yuan.Program pumping plant flow regulating function is poor, if the application program, also should ensure that unit can start smoothly under water drainage lift.
Scheme five: adopt and partly regulate water pump, two-speed motor direct-connection transmission and converter plant, during water transfer, motor pole-changing fall-back, makes water pump low cruise, adopts frequency control of motor speed to realize the optimizing operation of water transfer operating mode simultaneously.Be 1668.2859 ten thousand yuan/year by calculating pump assembly operating cost, consider the converter plant of increase and Installation and Debugging expense and two-speed motor installation cost, in pumping plant lifetime, overall cost is 36795.718 ten thousand yuan.
The pumping plant annual operating cost of various regulating working conditions scheme and equipment investment are as table 1.
Table 1 pumping plant unit regulating working conditions mode expense compares (pump-type 1)
As can be seen from Table 1, scheme four overall cost is minimum, and comparatively scheme one, scheme two, scheme three, scheme five reduce expenses 8.93%, 2.36%, 1.59%, 0.21% respectively.
(2) pump-type 2 feasible program Economic contrast
Pump-type 2 water pump vane diameter 3300 mm, rated speed 125 r/min, device performance curve is as Fig. 6.Can find out, near low lift 2.35 m, pump assembly efficiency is higher, reaches about 79%; When high-lift 4.25 m, pump-unit can reach about 70%, meets the requirement of pumping plant water drainage and water transfer.
Because when pumping plant drains flooded fields, lift is higher, in order to pumping plant can safe and stable operation when draining flooded fields, motor nonoverload, water pump should select auxiliary motor according to water drainage operating mode.
If require during water drainage, pump capacity is maximum, then water pump runs in maximum blade angle (+4 °), and the auxiliary motor power needed during water drainage lift 4.75 m is for being about 2700 kW.Now, induction-motor load rate corresponding to water transfer operating mode is lower, and when water transfer rated lift, the Rate of load condensate of motor is less than 50%, and motor efficiency is lower, and pumping station operation costly.
If during water drainage to uninterrupted without specific requirement, then water pump blade angle can be adjusted to minimum (-6 °) when draining flooded fields and run, or fall-back, ensures motor nonoverload.Water drainage lift 4.75 m, when blade angle-6 ° runs the auxiliary motor power that needs for being about 1600 kW, now, induction-motor load rate corresponding to water transfer operating mode reaches about 75%, and motor efficiency significantly improves.
As water drainage lift 4.75 m, water pump is when design angle (-4 °) runs, and the auxiliary motor power of needs is about 1800 kW.Now, when water pump transfers water drainage operating mode to from water transfer operating mode, without the need to adjusting vane angle.
The pumping plant annual operating cost of various motor match power and regulating working conditions scheme and in pumping plant useful life period overall cost as shown in table 2.
Table 2 pumping plant unit and regulating working conditions mode expense compare (pump-type 2)
As can be seen from Table 2, during different motor match power, water pump pumping plant overall cost of (scheme one, scheme four, scheme seven) when design angle, rated speed are run is all lower compared with the pumping plant overall cost of other regulating working conditions modes.Wherein, the pumping plant overall cost of scheme four is minimum.Due in order to prevent the electromotor overload when draining flooded fields operating mode, scheme four needs shutdown to turn blade angle down, and operating process is comparatively loaded down with trivial details and expend higher.Scheme seven motor power (output) when draining flooded fields operating mode can meet the demands, and during water transfer operating mode, pumping plant overall cost is lower.Comparatively scheme one, scheme eight and scheme nine reduce expenses 1.16%, 1.78%, 2.11%, scheme three cost saving 3.96% the highest compared with overall cost to scheme seven respectively.
Therefore, during pumping plant employing pump-type 2, scheme seven adopts auxiliary motor power 1800 kW, and when design angle, rated speed are run, pumping plant overall cost is economized most, and the pumping plant energy safe operation when draining flooded fields.
(3) pump-type 3 feasible program Economic contrast
Pump-type 3 water pump vane diameter is 3300 mm, rotating speed 125 r/min, and when low lift 2.35 m, maximum pump unit efficiency reaches about 80%; When high-lift 4.25 m, pump-unit is more than 75%, reaches as high as about 81%, and pump-unit performance curve is as Fig. 7.Therefore, pump-type 3 all can Effec-tive Function when water transfer and water drainage.
As water drainage lift 4.75 m, to ask pump capacity maximum, then water pump runs in maximum blade angle (+4 °), and the auxiliary motor power is for being about 2550 kW.Now, pump assembly efficiency corresponding to water transfer operating mode is lower, and induction-motor load rate is only 64.6%.If water pump is-2 ° or-4 ° of operations, then the auxiliary motor power needed is about 1800 kW, and now, pump assembly efficiency corresponding to water transfer operating mode is higher.
The pumping plant annual operating cost of various motor match power and regulating working conditions scheme and in useful life period pumping plant overall cost as table 3.
Table 3 pumping plant unit regulating working conditions mode expense compares (pump-type 3)
As can be seen from Table 3, scheme four adopt motor match power be 1800 kW, water pump-4 °, rated speed run time, overall cost is minimum; Scheme eight cost saving 6.24% the highest compared with expense, saves nearly 22,000,000 yuan.
In 3 kinds of all 24 kinds of schemes of pump-type, what unit operation operating mode did not regulate has 9 kinds of schemes, and wherein, pump-type 3 scheme four overall cost is minimum, is 35182.903 ten thousand yuan.Unit operation operating mode adjusting blade angle have 6 kinds of schemes, wherein, pump-type 3 scheme two overall cost is minimum, is 35873.191 ten thousand yuan.What the frequency control of motor speed of unit operation operating mode regulated has 9 kinds of schemes, and wherein, pump-type 3 scheme five overall cost is minimum, is 36039.693 ten thousand yuan.
Unit operation operating mode is regulation scheme network minimal not, but regulatory function is the poorest.Consider that improving pumping plant draws water the adjustability of flow, reduce startup of unit power, pumping plant unit should arrange necessary regulatory function.Adjusting blade angle additionally can not increase the power loss of pumping system.The reliability of frequency control of motor speed regulative mode, start/stop machine characteristic and flow-adjusting characteristics are all better than adjusting blade angle mode, but equipment investment is larger.
The operating mode of the present embodiment does not regulate, adjusting blade angle and variable-frequency and variable-speed regulate the optimal case of three kinds of regulative modes all to concentrate on pump-type 3, and the better performances of pump-type 3 itself is described.Pump-type 3 scheme two adopts adjusting blade angle, can ensure that in pumping plant useful life period, overall cost is lower, can take into account again the requirement of regulatory function, the program with adopt frequency control of motor speed pump-type 1 scheme two compared with, cost saving 4.8%.Therefore, this pumping plant should select pump-type 3 scheme two, auxiliary motor power 1800 kW, angle regulating working conditions mode.
Claims (6)
1. large pump units and a regulating working conditions mode accurate quantification selection method thereof, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A. under the prerequisite meeting usage requirement, according to pumping plant feature lift and design discharge, several feasible pump-type and number of units is just selected;
B. according to pumping plant feature lift and pump shaft power, the auxiliary motor power of various feasible pump-type is tentatively determined;
C. for several feasible pump-type just selected, calculate respectively pump assembly arrange that variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates, angle regulates entirely and half regulates regulating working conditions mode time, pump assembly variable working condition optimizing operation annual operating cost:
(1) water pump in pump station unit annual operating cost;
(2) variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates pump assembly annual operating cost;
(3) adjusting blade angle water pump assembly annual operating cost;
(4) half water pump assembly annual operating cost is regulated;
D. total cost of equipment when pumping plant unit arranges different regulating working conditions mode is calculated;
E. calculate in pumping plant unit useful life period and run and equipment overall cost, compare the overall cost size of different schemes, the scheme that overall cost is economized most is optimal case, and pump assembly and the regulating working conditions mode of its correspondence are also optimum.
2. a kind of large pump units according to claim 1 and regulating working conditions mode accurate quantification selection method thereof, is characterized in that, being calculated as of step C (1) described water pump in pump station unit annual operating cost:
According to pumping plant feature lift, the concept that pumping plant year runs lift Time Density is proposed; Pumping plant usually near average lift working time the longest, near H-Max and minimum lift, working time is the shortest, near parabolic distribution feature; With pump-unit lift H
zfor abscissa, to run lift Time Density function f (H pumping plant year
z) be y coordinate, make and run lift Time Density function relation curve pumping plant year, dt/dH working time of unit of arbitrary lift place lift in operation range of lift
z, in relation curve, the abscissa of A point, E point and C point corresponds respectively to pumping plant minimum operation lift H
zmin, maximum time density run lift H
zEwith maximum operation lift H
zmaxif run lift Time Density function f (H pumping plant year
z) by piecewise function f
1(H
z) and f
2(H
z) form, and available quadratic polynomial is expressed, namely
In formula: a
1, b
1, c
1, a
2, b
2and c
2be coefficient;
Consider that working time in pumping plant year is T, then function f (H
z) following relation should be met:
By solving above-mentioned equation, function f (H can be obtained
z) coefficient a
1, b
1, c
1, a
2, b
2, c
2;
When the flow that draws water is certain, water pump in pump station unit annual operating cost,
In formula: ρ is the density of water body, g is gravity accleration, and Q is unit flow, H
zfor pump-unit lift, n is unit start number of units, t
1, t
2be respectively the upper and lower limit of integration; η
zfor pump assembly efficiency, η
drfor transmission efficiency, η
motfor motor efficiency, η
bpfor converter plant efficiency, Q
zfor pumping plant always draws water flow;
Due to dt=f (H
z) dH
z=f (H
z) H
z' (Q) dQ, then formula is
In formula: η
xtfor pump system efficiency, η
xt=η
zη
drη
motη
bp.
3. a kind of large pump units according to claim 1 and regulating working conditions mode accurate quantification selection method thereof, is characterized in that, the described variable-frequency and variable-speed of step C (2) regulates being calculated as of pump assembly annual operating cost:
For the pumping plant arranging frequency control of motor speed function, by regulating pump rotary speed to change pumping plant unit operation operating mode, in water pump slewing range, choosing gear ratio is 0.7 ~ 1.0, pump system efficiency η under matching different rotating speeds
xtthe pump-unit lift H that peak is corresponding
zrun optimum operating condition curve with the pump assembly variable-frequency and variable-speed of flow Q, performance curve BCE mid point of curve A, B are respectively minimum Unit head, optimum operating condition parabola and lower boundary rotating speed 0.7n
ethe intersection point of pump-unit performance curve; Point E, F are respectively optimum operating condition parabola, largest device lift and coboundary rotating speed n
ethe intersection point of pump-unit performance curve;
RHVC needs consumed energy when running, and adds the power loss of pumping system; Therefore, if the operating cost saved because variable-frequency and variable-speed operation makes pump assembly efficiency improve is less than run because implementing variable-frequency and variable-speed, converter plant efficiency <1, and the operating cost increased, then should not carry out variable-frequency and variable-speed operation; Point C represents the pump assembly separation whether variable-frequency and variable-speed runs, namely as pump-unit lift H
z≤ H
zc, should variable-frequency and variable-speed operation be carried out; As pump-unit lift H
z>H
zc, then should not carry out variable-frequency and variable-speed operation, and run in rated speed; Point D is Unit head H
zcwith n
etime pump-unit performance curve intersection point;
On water pump system optimum operating condition curve B CE, E point is the most effective point of water pump system, and along with the reduction of running speed, motor efficiency decreases, and water pump system efficiency also decreases; E point lift is maximum time density operation lift H
zE; As Unit head H
z<H
zB, pump assembly should at 0.7n
erotating speed runs; As Unit head H
zB≤ H
z≤ H
zC, pump assembly should be implemented variable-frequency and variable-speed and run; As pump-unit lift H
z>H
zC, pump assembly should depart from converter plant and run in rated speed; Calculating path is AB → BC → DE → EF, and formula is:
4. a kind of large pump units according to claim 1 and regulating working conditions mode accurate quantification selection method thereof, is characterized in that, being calculated as of step C (3) described adjusting blade angle water pump assembly annual operating cost:
For the pump assembly arranging blade adjustments function, by regulating water pump blade angle to change pumping plant unit operation operating mode, save operating cost; Solve pump system efficiency peak under different device lift, make pump assembly angle and run optimum operating condition curve; Pump system efficiency peak when performance curve mid point A, E, C are respectively minimum Unit head, maximum time, density ran lift, largest device lift; Pump system efficiency peak under other Unit head can utilize cubic spline interpolation to solve;
Full pumping plant unit annual operating cost is expressed as
5. a kind of large pump units according to claim 1 and regulating working conditions mode accurate quantification selection method thereof, is characterized in that, step C (4) described half regulates being calculated as of water pump assembly annual operating cost:
Partly regulate water pump assembly for what do not change blade angle in running, its annual operating cost formula adopts
Path of integration is for change to H-Max along pump-unit performance curve under set angle from minimum lift.
6. a kind of large pump units according to claim 1 and regulating working conditions mode accurate quantification selection method thereof, it is characterized in that, calculate described in step e in pumping plant unit useful life period and run and equipment overall cost, for adopting, variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates, angle regulates entirely and the overall cost of half pumping plant regulated uses three formulas below to calculate respectively, namely
Variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates pumping plant unit: F
ts=F
y× t+ (F
mot+ F
bp+ F
dr) × m
Angle regulates pumping plant unit entirely: FT
q=F
y× t+ (F
mot+ Ft
j+ F
dr) × m
The half pumping plant unit regulated: F
tb=F
y× t+ (F
mot+ F
dr) × m
In formula: F
ts, F
tq, F
tbbe respectively variable-frequency and variable-speed regulates, angle regulates entirely and partly regulate pumping plant unit operation and equipment overall cost, F
yfor pumping plant annual operating cost, t is pumping plant lifetime 20 years, F
motfor motor cost, F
bpfor frequency variator cost, F
tjfor the full controlling mechanism cost of blade, F
drfor transmission device cost, m is pumping plant installation number of units.
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