CN102850142B - Sugarcane pesticidal compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sugarcane pesticidal compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses sugarcane pesticidal compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The sugarcane pesticidal compound fertilizer comprises 8-20% of inorganic fertilizer, 5-15% of organic fertilizer, 0.1-1% of pesticide phoxim, 0.1-1.0% of secondary elements, 3-10% of trace elements and 0.01-0.05% of lanthanide. The sugarcane pesticidal compound fertilizer has strong killing effects on underground insects such as sugarcane turtles, grubs, juvenile longicorns, white ants and cutworms, has sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the trace elements needed for growth of sugarcane, has humic acid and rare earth which can effectively activate sugarcane plant enzyme, can improve utilization rate of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by more than 20%, enables sugarcane stems to be strong and tall and yield per mu to be increased by 0.5-1 ton, can gather moisture and nutrients in soil around sugarcane roots, and can adjust opening and closing of leaf stoma of the sugarcane, so that drought resistance and stress resistance of the sugarcane are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to farm crop fertilizer field, be specifically related to a kind of sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Sugarcane is the topmost sugar crop of China, within 2010, China's sugarcane acreage is 160.2 ten thousand hectares, its cultivated area accounts for the more than 85% of the long-term sugar crop cultivated area of China, output of sugar accounts for the more than 90% of sugar ultimate production, sucrose yield is only second to Brazil and India, account for 8% of world's sugar ultimate production, become third place in the world Chan Tang big country.Sugarcane Industry is the mainstay of south China main product Regional Economic Development and the main source of increasing peasant income.
Grow cane, the efficiency of light energy utilization and the land productivity of its unit surface are higher.Compare with plantation food crop, sugarcane is the crop that a kind of economic return is larger.Sugarcane be throughout the growing season need absorbing nutrient to meet growth from soil, but in soil, original nutrient is the growth demand that far can not meet sugarcane, and this just needs applying fertilizer to supplement the nutrient of sugarcane production needs.Along with chemical fertilizer industry develops rapidly, also there are wide variation in China's Crops in Applying Fertilizer structure.Before the seventies, in Crops in Applying Fertilizer, the ratio of farm manure and chemical fertilizer is 7:3, and its ratio has been changed into 2:8 till now, even higher.The area of 5 tons of left and right of per mu yield, the nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements that one ton of raw material sugarcane of every product absorbs from soil, convert as 1.75 ~ 4.35 kilograms, urea 1.95 ~ 8.35 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 2.5 ~ 4.15 kilograms, Repone K.The quantity of above-mentioned said sugarcane per ton absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium from soil, and the fertilizer of executing down can not be all by sugarcane be absorbed, there is partial gasification to lose, there is part to outflow with water, there is part to be fixed and lost fertilizer efficiency by some element in soil, therefore the required fertilizer quantity of one ton of sugarcane of every product is than above-mentioned many 1 to 2 times of left and right.Sugarcane can be divided into seedling stage, tillering phase, elongating stage, technical maturity all one's life.The ratio of sugarcane absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 2:1:2.2.Account for respectively and absorb 8%, 9%, 4% of total amount the time of infertility seedling stage to the absorbed dose of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, account for respectively 16%, 18%, 14% to tillering phase, account for respectively 66%, 68%, 74% to elongating stage, account for respectively 10%, 6%, 8% to the ripening stage, be that sugarcane production will have sufficient nutrient supply early stage, to promote root system development, early tiller, tiller more, improve sugarcane number of productive tiller.Sugarcane production mid-term (elongating stage) is significantly to inhale fertile peak.Along with the expansion of cultivated area, production technique for fertilizer falls behind the existence that waits factors, cause and in actual production, selected using and only having nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium macroelement of single fertilizer in order to consider planting cost, there is no or not exclusively have middle trace element, special elements and organic Term Fertilization, thereby cause sugarcane per unit area yield low, the even underproduction having, sugar is not high.Current sugarcane fertilizer also can only play the effect that improves nutrient and improve soil simultaneously, can not reach the double effects of control Sugarcane Pests.Therefore will arrive two kinds of effects must be through twice fertilising, and this had both increased labor force, had increased again production cost.
The kind of fertilizer, the mode of fertilising also present the trend of diversification along with the development of chemical fertilizer industry state of the art, many enterprises have developed many nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium for this great market, and to close three be one sugarcane fertilizer product, and special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane arises at the historic moment thus.Special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane is more comprehensive than the urea of traditional single fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer nutritive ingredient, has stronger specific aim and scientific matching reasonableness.But a feast for the eyes sugarcane Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is that the composition of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is adjusted mostly in the market, also there are several families to allocate into micro-and humic acids, but still there is certain defect, can't resolve the difficult problems such as utilization rate of fertilizer is not high, fertilizer efficiency period is short, the difficult control of soil compaction deterioration, especially disease and pest.Take Guangxi as example, the various factors such as climate, the great sick worms of sugarcane such as sugarcane moth borer, thrips, sugarcane locust, chafer, woolly aphid, smut, top rot are rising situation, harm loss increases year by year, become sugarcane yield and the most important factor of sugarcane quality of affecting, the sugarcane prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control has become the most important thing of my district's cane planting management.According to I district sugarcane grower's planting habit, when annual peasant planting sugarcane, be usually plantation ditching before, apply fertilizer, execute control subterranean pest-insect sterilant, after plantation, topdress again, earth up, need a large amount of labor forces, cane planting cost of labor accounts for the more than 50% of total cost.In manpower anxiety instantly, market especially sugarcane grower the novel special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane product that integrates fertilising, desinsection, synergy is had to strong demand.Meanwhile, along with improving constantly of scientific and technological level, the continuing to increase of national environmental protection policy management dynamics, sugarcane grower plants the continuous enhancing of level and sense of self-protection, and the development of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer will present three megatrend: the firstth, product customizations.Different Crop has different special fertilizers, if special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane is for the growth-development law of sugarcane and fertilizer-sucting quantity development and production, so just can make the yield potential of crop be not fully exerted.The secondth, product multifunction.Agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer are combined, remove dressing seed program from, applied once can ensure that the required nutrient of plant growth can prevent and treat again subterranean pest-insect and sprout term disease, can play multiple effect.The 3rd is product synergy.As add some active factores such as humic acids, trace element, and improve soil aggregate, reach ventilative, fertilizer conservation, water conservation, insulation, drought resisting, cold-resistant special efficacy, thereby reach the effect that improves effect of fertilizer.
1, China Patent No.: ZL200810058374.3, denomination of invention is: in a kind of patent of sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer, disclose a kind of sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer, contained the effective constituent of following mass percent: N 10%, P in this special fertilizer
2o
510%, K
2o
5; 21.7 parts, urea, 62.5 parts of calcium superphosphate, 8.9 parts, 9.6 parts of potassium sulfate or Repone K, 6.2 ~ 6.9 parts of stopping composition (being that filter mud and clay mix in the ratio of 7:3).Although this special fertilizer can improve per unit area yield and the sugar of sugarcane to a certain extent, sugarcane proiprietary formula does not relate to and will add moderate-element, and trace element, beneficial element are not well positioned to meet the fertile requirement of need of sugarcane.
2, China Patent No.: 200710009188, denomination of invention is: the production method of special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane and product, application (patent right) people: University Of Agriculture and Forestry In Fujian, this invention belongs to fertilizer field, relate to production method and the product of special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane, using after the fermentation maturity such as alcohol slops, filter mud as organic, coordinate the needed nitrogen of sugarcane production, phosphorus, potassium and in, trace element, make special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane material; The fertilizer that this invention is produced can meet the needs of sugarcane production, and sugarcane yield 10%～15% can be improved in nonirrigated farmland, increases sucrose content 0.3%～1.0%.Although this special fertilizer can improve per unit area yield and the sugar of sugarcane to a certain extent, the special double effects that can not simultaneously reach control Sugarcane Pests of this sugarcane.
Therefore, research and develop and a kind ofly can meet the demand that the sugarcane production cycle increases various nutritive elements, fertilising can be synchronizeed and carried out with desinsection again, saving of labor, laborsaving, save time, desinsection, upgrading, synergy, and the multifunctional bagasse compound fertilizer special that improves fertilizer efficiency is very necessary, to the Sustainable development in the national sugarcane of further promotion district, play important demonstration and pushing effect.
Summary of the invention
A kind of saving of labor of the object of the invention is to propose for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, laborsaving, save time, desinsection, upgrading, synergy, and improve sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of fertilizer efficiency and preparation method thereof.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention uses sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, and its raw material comprises inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, sterilant, lanthanon, moderate-element and trace element; The weight percent that its each component accounts for sugarcane Chemical Mixed Fertilizer gross weight is: inorganic fertilizer 8%～20%, and fertilizer 5～15%, sterilant Volaton 0.1%～1%, moderate-element 0.1%～1.0%, trace element 3%～10%, lanthanon is 0.01%～0.05%.；
In described inorganic fertilizer, contain the element of following mass percent, N 6%～20%, P
2o
54%～15%, K
2o 4%～20%;
Described trace element is B, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn; In trace element, contain the element of following mass percent, B 0.5%～2%, Mn 1%～3%, Cu 1.0%～3%, Fe 0.5%～3%, Zn 0.5%～5%;
Described moderate-element is calcium, magnesium, sulphur; In moderate-element, contain the element of following mass percent, Mg 0.5%～2.0%, Ca 2.0%～10.00%, S 1.0%～5.00%;
Described lanthanum (lan) series elements (lanthanide element) comprises lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium; Add lanthanon rare earth can effectively activate sugarcane plants enzyme, Promoting plant growth;
N element in described inorganic fertilizer element is provided by the mixture of one or more or they in urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate;
Described P
2o
5for in fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, common calcium phosphate monoammonium phosphate or two ammoniums, one or both provide;
Described K
2o provides for Repone K, salt of wormwood, potassium primary phosphate or potassium sulfate;
Described fertilizer is humic acids or humic acids, for example: Sodium salts humic acids, ammonium humate;
Mg element in described moderate-element by fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, containing the magnesium sulfate of crystal water, magnesium chloride, magnesian one or more material mixes provides; Ca element is mixed and is provided by one or more material of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Calucium Silicate powder, calcium superphosphate, white lime, gypsum; S element is by mixing and provide containing one or more the material in the magnesium sulfate of crystal water, zinc sulfate, potassium sulfate, gypsum, sulphur;
B element in described trace element by borax, boric acid one or more material mix provide; Mn element is provided by manganous sulfate; Cu element is provided by copper sulfate; Fe element is provided by ferric sulfate; Zn element is provided by the zinc sulfate containing crystal water.
The preparation method that the present invention uses sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is: block raw and auxiliary material is dropped into crusher and pulverize, after pulverizing, mix with powdery raw and auxiliary material (inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, lanthanon, moderate-element and trace element) again; Send into rotary drum granulator with belt conveyor and carry out spray granulating, granularity is controlled at 1-4cm; And then send into dryer with belt conveyor, and temperature 350-600 DEG C, temperature out 80-120 DEG C, is dried to the required requirement reaching of water content; Through overcooling, screening, deliver to coating machine again, add Volaton to carry out together surface treatment by formula metering, and then enter automatic packing machine and be packaged to be product; Tail gas, through sedimentation dedusting, enters washing tower and washs to meeting environmental requirement, by smoke stack emission.
Application process of the present invention: new plant cane is first opened plantation ditch, then applies the present invention ditch both sides, puts earthing after sugarcane kind.Topdress in conjunction with intertill and clean tillage, fertilising ridging.Stubble cane, in the disposable row replacement of sugarcane early tillering stage weeding ditching, is executed rear earthing; Or spread fertilizer over the fields after rain; Base manure: 50Kg/ mu; 100 Kg/ mus topdress.
the effect of the each component of sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer:
(1) effect of nitrogen:
Nitrogen is the principal element that protein forms, and protein is the base substance in cellular plasm composition.Nitrogenous fertilizer enriches and can promote protein and chlorophyllous formation, makes dark green leaf color, and leaf area increases, and promotes the assimilation of carbon, and being conducive to output increases, quality improving.Nitrogen is a kind of nutritive element of crop requirement maximum, and in general compound manure, nitrogen element is main body.
(2) effect of phosphorus:
Phosphorus is to form the indispensable elements such as Nuclear extract, Yelkin TTS.Phosphoric can accelerate cell fission, impels root system and overground part to accelerate growth, promotes bud differentiation, and premature ripening, improves fruit quality.
(3) effect of potassium
The nutritive effect of potassium element can improve photosynthetic intensity, promotes to do starch and sugared formation in object, strengthens resistance and the resistance against diseases of crop, can also improve crop absorbing nitrogen.
(4) effect of humic acids:
Humic acids is the active substance that a class contains hydroxy-acid group, can activated plant enzymic activity, with after can improve plant enzyme activity more than 36%; Stomatal movement that can regulating plant; Can chessom, build up fertility; Can be penetrated into inside plants, activated plant cell, invigorates; Can improve plant stress-resistance ability, promote growth; Can alleviate plant by the murder by poisoning of other medicines.
(5) effect of rare earth
Rare earth is the general name of 17 lanthanide elements, and it is that the metallic element of one group of active extra-high-speed is claimed that by reputation " industrial monosodium glutamate is praised and is called " super-active calcium " in agricultural industrial.The activity of rare earth energy activated plant reductase enzyme, enzymic activity improves more than 40%; Moisture, nutrient in energy enriching plant root system Soil Surrounding, form nutrition library source, greatly improves the anti-adversity ability of plant; Rare earth is transport point, plant there nutritional deficiency it just nutrition is transported to that and goes to supplement.Split or shedding as pericarp, after use rare earth, can supplement crop alimentary, for preventing that pericarp from splitting or shedding is very effective, amount of increase in production is large.
(6) effect of trace element:
Trace element refers to that in soil, content is very low, and in the normal growth of crop indispensable nutritive element, be mainly the elements such as zinc, manganese, boron, iron, molybdenum, copper.Trace element is making the moiety for plurality of enzymes or auxiliary enzymes in object, to synthesizing of chlorophyll and protein all having important promotion and regulating effect.
Zinc is glutamate dehydrogenase, necessary component and the activator of ethanol dehydrogenase.Zinc fertilizer can improve the yield of kernels and kernel weight, improves winter resistance and the salt tolerance of crop.Crop lacks when zinc, leaf chlorosis, and photosynthesis weakens, poor growth or stop growing, yield reducation.
Manganese is in growing process, and it is also the activator of isocitric enzyme, synthetic enzyme, nitrate reductase etc. that some enzyme in sugar degraded is had to activation.Manganese participates in conversion and the redox processes of nitrogen, promotes hydrolysis and the transfer of carbohydrate, starch.
Boron participates in transport and the conversion of carbohydrate in farming object, promotes the synthetic of protein, regulates moisture absorption and nutrient balance and redox processes.It is again the necessary nutrient that blossoms and bears fruit simultaneously.So in the time of boron in liberal supply, plant growth is luxuriant, full grains.
Iron is the composition of many enzymes, and iron plays significant role to the metabolism of nucleic acid.Iron also has good function to the aspect such as photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism of crop.
Molybdenum content in farm crop is little, in leguminous plants, content is 1.9-90ppm, in non-leguminous plant, contain 0.00-0.07ppm, although molybdenum element content is minimum, but its effect is very important, the physiological function outstanding behaviours of molybdenum is aspect the metabolism of nitrogen, and it can participate in leguminous plants fixed nitrogen, ascorbic content in plant can be increased, crop synthetic protein can be impelled.
Copper can improve chlorophyllous stability, can prevent chlorophyll to be unlikely destroyed prematurely, promotes crop photosynthesis.Copper is some oxydase, as the integral part of cytopigment, polyphenoloxidase, Vitamin C oxidase and lactalase etc.Copper can improve the respiratory intensity of plant, the content of vitamin A and C in increase plant.
(7) effect of Volaton
Volaton insecticidal spectrum is wide, and the power of knocking down is strong, taking tag and stomach poison function as main, without systemic action, very effective to phosphorus wing order larva., decompose very soon because of to photo-labile in field, so residual period is short, residual danger is little, but this medicine applies in soil, and residual period is very long, is suitable for preventing and treating subterranean pest-insect.
outstanding substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and significant progressive:
1, the combination of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer is a revolution to fertilizer, medication idea and mode for traditional sugarcane.
To the control of sugarcane subterranean pest-insect, traditional mode is to adopt artificial control and two kinds of measures of medical treatment.Artificial control digs pit, and lures insect-catching (longicorn, sugarcane tortoise etc.) with lamp; Medical treatment is with riskiest pesticides such as Terbufos, phorate, Furadans mostly.Due to manual type, labor intensive, material resources and time and also insecticidal effect also undesirable, in manpower very nervous today, substantially disappear, medical treatment becomes the unique selection of sugarcane desinsection.On sugarcane desinsection, traditional method is, within 1 year, executes fertilizer twice, in bulk application, is sprinkled into insecticide control subterranean pest-insect, in the time of ridging spraying fertilizer, executes medicine one time again, guarantees that the full phase endangers without subterranean pest-insect, and this just needs dual artificial.This Project Product sugarcane insecticidal synergistic Chemical Mixed Fertilizer-sugarcane happy (three-in-one); taking chemical fertilizer as main; the integrated function type Chemical Mixed Fertilizer that agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer combine; it can unite two into one two field operations of the nutrient supply of the plant protection of agricultural chemicals and fertilizer; save labour, reduced production cost; this is the fertile industry of medicine still underdeveloped today at home still not; lead the new direction of industry development; a revolution to fertilizer, medication idea and mode for tradition especially, the exploitation of this project has epoch-making meaning.
2, sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention has three efficacy:
(1) effectively pest control: the subterranean pest-insects such as sugarcane tortoise to sugarcane, children longicorn in age, mole cricket, termite, cutworm have strong kill activity, also can prevent and treat preferably the insect on the ground such as sugarcane borer, aphid, thrips simultaneously.Low toxicity, wide spectrum, efficient, nuisanceless, noresidue.
(2) fertilising: include sugarcane production required sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace element, balanced in nutrition comprehensive.
(3) synergy high yield: effectively activate sugarcane plants enzyme, strengthen absorption and the utilization of sugarcane to nutrient, can improve nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition utilization ratio more than 20%; Can make sugarcane germinate fast, tiller manyly, sugarcane stem is sturdy tall and big, quality is good, per mu yield can increase 0.5-1 ton, the sugar that can strengthen vegetable cell is synthetic, significantly increases the sugar degree of sugarcane, more than general pol can increase by 1 degree; Impel sugarcane well developed root system, moisture, nutrient in enrichment sugarcane root Soil Surrounding, regulate the switching of Sugarcane Leaves pore, and sugarcane drought resisting anti-adversity ability improves greatly.
3, effect of product.
The formula innovation of product is mainly reflected in: in product, except containing the needed nitrogen of sugarcane normal growth, phosphorus, potassium and trace element, also contain humic acids and rare earth.The organic complex of humic acids and rare earth, activated plant reductase enzyme, balance the nutritional needs of plant, greatly improved effect of product:
(1) strengthen driving source in sugarcane, activated plant enzymic activity, improves chlorophyll content, makes sugarcane metabolism vigorous, promotes the absorption to nutrient, coordinates growing of sugarcane, reaches the target of volume increase.
(2) regulate the stomatal movement of sugarcane, impel sugarcane well developed root system, and moisture, nutrient in enrichment root system Soil Surrounding, form nutrition library source, fully meet the needs of sugarcane production, balanced in nutrition comprehensively, greatly improve drought resisting and the anti-adversity ability of sugarcane
(3) usefulness that is rich in 30 various trace elements is greatly brought into play: the fixed nitrogen function of the iron-sulphur protein of formation under microbial process is not fully exerted, and the nitrogen in urea is converted into rapidly to the ammonium salt that eucalyptus easily absorbs; There is fixed nitrogen, molten phosphorus, potassium decomposing function; Improve soil aggregate, reach ventilative, fertilizer conservation, water conservation, insulation, drought resisting, cold-resistant special efficacy, thereby reach the effect that improves fertilizer.
(4) can promote sugarcane to the absorbing of the nutrients such as Nitrogen, Phosphorus potassium, supply with the nutrient time long, fertilizer efficiency period is long, and raising fertilizer efficiency more than 25%, economizes on resources dramatically.
(5) contain the abundant water conservation factor of loosening the soil, improve soil physical chemistry biological activity, make soil more loose, regulate the balance of soil states of matter, improve soil moisture content, strengthen preserve moisture and fertility ability, effectively alleviate the environmental issues such as soil compaction.
(6) solve Volaton stability problem, make product sterilant toxicity low, high safety.
Through prudent selection, the sterilant of this Project Product sugarcane insecticidal synergistic Chemical Mixed Fertilizer-sugarcane happy (three-in-one) has been selected low toxicity, Volaton that environmental pollution is little.This is that country allows the sterilant using on cash crop.Volaton insecticidal spectrum is wide, and the power of knocking down is strong, taking tag and stomach poison function as main, without systemic action, very effective to phosphorus wing order larva., decompose very soon because of to photo-labile in field, so residual period is short, residual danger is little, but this medicine applies in soil, and residual period is very long, is suitable for preventing and treating subterranean pest-insect.This project has solved after Volaton, trace element, humic acids and rare earth and nitrogen, phosphorus, the mixed stability problem granulation of potash fertilizer, both there is the insecticidal properties of Volaton wide spectrum, efficient, low toxicity, there is again the lasting period long, use safety, convenient, the advantage good with Environmental compatibility, will obtain especially sugarcane grower's accreditation of market.It is another innovation of this project that Volaton is joined into special compound fertilizer for sugar-cane.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation method's schematic flow sheet of sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment
following each embodiment content of embodiment 1(is % by weight)
The preparation method that the present invention uses sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is: block raw and auxiliary material is dropped into crusher and pulverize, through pulverizing after with powdery raw and auxiliary material, wherein there are inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer humic acids, lanthanon, moderate-element and trace element, inorganic fertilizer 8%～20%, inorganic fertilizer has nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and nitrogenous fertilizer adopts urea, and phosphate fertilizer adopts fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, potash fertilizer adopts potassium sulfate, ensures N 6%～20%, P
2o
54%～15%, K
2o 4%～20%; Moderate-element adopts magnesium sulfate and the sulphur of white lime, crystal water; Mass percent meets the content of Mg 0.5%～2.0%, Ca 2.0%～10.00%, S 1.0%～5.00%; Trace element adopts borax, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, zinc sulfate; In trace element, contain the element of following mass percent, after B 0.5%～2%, Mn 1%～3%, Cu 1.0%～3%, Fe 0.5%～3%, Zn 0.5%～5% mix above-mentioned crushing material, granulation, granularity is controlled at 1-4cm; And then send into dryer with belt conveyor, and 350 DEG C of temperature, 80 DEG C of temperature outs, are dried to the required requirement reaching of water content; Through overcooling, screening, deliver to coating machine again, add sterilant Volaton to carry out together surface treatment by formula metering, and then enter automatic packing machine and be packaged to be product; Tail gas, through sedimentation dedusting, enters washing tower and washs to meeting environmental requirement, by smoke stack emission.
embodiment 2
The preparation method that the present invention uses sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is: block raw and auxiliary material is dropped into crusher and pulverize, through pulverizing after with powdery raw and auxiliary material, wherein there are inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer Sodium salts humic acids, lanthanon, moderate-element and trace element, inorganic fertilizer 8%～20%, inorganic fertilizer has nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and nitrogenous fertilizer adopts ammonium chloride, and phosphate fertilizer adopts calcium superphosphate, potash fertilizer adopts salt of wormwood, ensures N 6%～20%, P2O5 4%～15%, K2O 4%～20%; Moderate-element adopts fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, magnesium chloride and potassium sulfate; Mass percent meets the content of Mg 0.5%～2.0%, Ca 2.0%～10.00%, S 1.0%～5.00%; Trace element adopts borax, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, zinc sulfate; In trace element, contain the element of following mass percent, after B 0.5%～2%, Mn 1%～3%, Cu 1.0%～3%, Fe 0.5%～3%, Zn 0.5%～5% mix above-mentioned crushing material, granulation, granularity is controlled at 1-4cm; And then send into dryer with belt conveyor, and 500 DEG C of temperature, 100 DEG C of temperature outs, are dried to the required requirement reaching of water content; Through overcooling, screening, deliver to coating machine again, add sterilant Volaton to carry out together surface treatment by formula metering, and then enter automatic packing machine and be packaged to be product; Tail gas, through sedimentation dedusting, enters washing tower and washs to meeting environmental requirement, by smoke stack emission.
embodiment 3
The preparation method that the present invention uses sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is: block raw and auxiliary material is dropped into crusher and pulverize, through pulverizing after with powdery raw and auxiliary material, wherein there are inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer ammonium humate, lanthanon, moderate-element and trace element, inorganic fertilizer 8%～20%, inorganic fertilizer has nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and nitrogenous fertilizer adopts ammonium sulfate, and phosphate fertilizer adopts common calcium phosphate monoammonium phosphate, potash fertilizer adopts potassium primary phosphate, ensures N 6%～20%, P2O5 4%～15%, K2O 4%～20%; Moderate-element adopts the magnesium sulfate of Calucium Silicate powder, magnesium oxide and crystal water; Mass percent meets the content of Mg 0.5%～2.0%, Ca 2.0%～10.00%, S 1.0%～5.00%; Trace element adopts boric acid, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, ferric sulfate, zinc sulfate; In trace element, contain the element of following mass percent, after B 0.5%～2%, Mn 1%～3%, Cu 1.0%～3%, Fe 0.5%～3%, Zn 0.5%～5% mix above-mentioned crushing material, granulation, granularity is controlled at 1-4cm; And then send into dryer with belt conveyor, and 600 DEG C of temperature, 120 DEG C of temperature outs, are dried to the required requirement reaching of water content; Through overcooling, screening, deliver to coating machine again, add sterilant Volaton to carry out together surface treatment by formula metering, and then enter automatic packing machine and be packaged to be product; Tail gas, through sedimentation dedusting, enters washing tower and washs to meeting environmental requirement, by smoke stack emission.
test effect of the present invention:
Test one: the test that the cooperations such as contriver and Institute of Plant Protection of Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences, Liangqing District, Nanning City plant protection unit are carried out.
Spring in 2009, the cooperations such as contriver and Institute of Plant Protection of Guangxi academy of agricultural sciences, Liangqing District, Nanning City plant protection unit, have carried out 29% sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, 29% market Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, CK(and have not applied fertilizer) etc. 3 process test relatively.4 repetitions are established in each processing, implement by Ministry of Agriculture's NY/T497-2002 standard promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government and the requirement of standard GB/T/T17980.63-2004 insecticide control sugarcane sugarcane tortoise, observe its medicine medicine fertilizer efficiency situation.On December 24 the same year, the survey product method in " Guangxi sugar material sugarcane is produced application manual " worked out with sugar material place, the Guangxi Agricultural Room is surveyed product.
1, plan design
The design of the fertile testing program of this medicine, establishes 3 processing altogether, and each processing community area 60 m2, repeat random alignment 4 times.Annual 3000 kg/hm2 of the fertile rate of fertilizer application of 29% three-in-one medicine, point base manure 1500 kg/hm2,1500 kg/hm2 that topdresses use for 2 times.Compare fertilizer with market with equal size 29% Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, make CK with the clear area of not executing any fertilizer.Observe the absolute volume increase value of each fertilizer.
Test design refers to table 1.
The fertile 29% sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer medicine manure trial scheme of table 1 medicine of the present invention
Note: total fertilization amount 3000 kg/hm2, wherein, and base manure 1500 kg/hm2,1500 kg/hm2 topdress.
2 experimental results
2.1 base manure after 65 days to pest controling effect under sugarcane field
Use first (base manure) three-in-one medicine after fertile 65 days, to field observation basic seedling amount, withered heart seedling number, calculate withered heart percentage, prevention effect, and carry out significant difference mensuration.Method of calculation are as follows:
Withered heart percentage=withered heart seedling number/basic seedling amount × 100%
The withered heart rate of the withered heart rate-PT1 of prevention effect %=(CK1) withered heart rate × 100% of/CK1
In formula: the withered heart rate of CK1 is the withered heart rate in check plot not applying fertilizer, the withered heart rate of PT1 is for executing 29% sugarcane desinsection compound district, withered heart rate.
The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 base manure after 65 days to pest controling effect under sugarcane field
Table 2 illustrates, at bulk application after 65 days, 29% three-in-one medicine fertilizer has 76.33% preventive effect to sugarcane subterranean pest-insect as grub, mole cricket, ant etc.Snout moth's larva, aphid are held concurrently and also have certain effect.
2.2 topdress latter 45 days to pest controling effect under sugarcane field
Fertile the topdressing of three-in-one medicine used, and topdresses after 45 days, carries out field investigation, and investigation basic seedling amount, average withered calculation, calculate average withered heart rate (%), prevention effect.Observational technique is identical with method of calculation and 2.1.The results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 topdresses latter 45 days to pest controling effect under sugarcane field
Table 3 illustrates, after topdressing 45 days, 29% three-in-one sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer reached 73.08% to pest controling effect under sugarcane field, has good prevention effect.
To sum up table 2, table 3 are visible, 29% three-in-one medicine fertilizer, make base manure, topdress use all can, after medicine 45～65 days, preventive effect reached 73.08%～76.33%.
The impact on Seedling of Sugarcane Under Water Stress plant strain growth after 65 days of 2.3 base manure
Each increment is mutually than gradient (%), calculates with following formula:
Each increment is mutually than rate of increase (%)=(PT2-PT1)/PT1 × 100%
In formula: PT2 represents that plant height, the number of sheets, leaf length and the PT1 of 29% sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer represents plant height, the number of sheets of 29% contrast Chemical Mixed Fertilizer.
The results are shown in Table 4.
Impact on Seedling of Sugarcane Under Water Stress plant strain growth after 65 days after table 4 base manure
Table 4 result shows: 29% sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer increases by 6.71% to sugarcane plant height than similar 29% market Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, and the number of sheets increases by 4.17%, and leaf is long increases by 24.35%; Each, index had better result in seedling stage.From outward appearance growing way, leaf look blackish green is, vigorous, is obviously better than contrast fertile.
2.4 on sugarcane yield and tree characteristics impact
Owing to there being sturdy basis in seedling stage, so until whens results, its tree characteristics is all better than 29% market Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of contrast.
On December 23rd, 2009, adopts unified one of product method of surveying that publish at sugar material place of Department of Agriculture of autonomous region that test site sugarcane is surveyed and produced, and stimulation ratio method of calculation are as follows:
Stimulation ratio (%)=(the conventional fertile district of PT1-output)/conventional fertile district output × 100%
In formula: PT1 is 29% sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer district output.
Determination of yield the results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 29% impact of sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer on output and tree characteristics
Note: output with contrast fertile ratio, Bu Yu CK district ratio, because peasant household custom is all applied fertilizer.
Result shows, executing 29% its output of sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is 74.55 t/hm2, and executing the common fertile output in market is 59.70 t/hm2, and volume increase 24.87%, has obvious production-increasing function.
Its reason of yield increased is because this medicine fertilizer has increased number of productive tiller, increased single stem heavily and stem footpath, plant height etc.With regard to productive tiller, execute the 385.5/community of productive tiller of 29% desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and only 368.25/community of market Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, increase 4.70% than contrast is fertile, this is major cause.Next is to have increased single stem weight, and single stem of executing desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is heavily 1.20 kg/ stems, and what contrast was fertile is 0.98 kg/ stem, executes desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer than the fertile 0.22 kg/ stem that weighs of contrast, increases by 22.45%.
In sum, Yield-increasing Factors be mainly improve number of productive tiller, Dan Jingchong, be secondly stem footpath, plant height.
Test two: the test that contriver and contriver company carry out.
1, experimental design:
(1) test site: two of farm, San Tangzhen zigzag gulf, Nanning spring sugarcane ground, one, He Sitang town Li Luo colliery experimental field.
(2) test period: spring in 2009.
(3) test materials: 1. 29% sugarcane insecticidal synergistic Chemical Mixed Fertilizer-sugarcane happy (three-in-one);
2. sugarcane insecticidal synergistic medicine fertilizer-sugarcane happy (two-in-one): [product is nonnitrogenous, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, and other composition is denitrogenated with sugarcane insecticidal synergistic Chemical Mixed Fertilizer-sugarcane happy (three-in-one), composition, content outside phosphorus, potash fertilizer is identical]+29% Chemical Mixed Fertilizer
3. market Chemical Mixed Fertilizer
(4) test method: observational technique adopts No. 2004 field test criterions of GB/T17980.63, insecticide control sugarcane sugarcane tortoise method to observe.
(5) test subject: experimental observation product drug effect.
2, experimental result:
Table 5 testing program
Drug effect is calculated according to following (1), (2):
Investigate total strain tree=basic seedling amount+set by insect pest strain
(1) to sugarcane grub, borer (snout moth's larva) insecticidal effect
Fertile latter 84 days of table 6 medicine is to grub and sugarcane borer (borer) effect table
| Process | Basic seedling amount (strain) | With CK ratio | Withered seedling number (strain) | Withered death rate % | Prevention effect % |
| 29% three-in-one medicine fertilizer | 294 | +43 | 2 | 0.68 | 86.1 |
| Two-in-one medicine fertilizer+29% market fertilizer | 335 | +84 | 4 | 1.2 | 75.5 |
| CK(does not apply fertilizer) | 251 | 13 | 4.9 |
(old Zu Fang on 9 days-June 2 March in 2009 family)
Note: therefore 29% market fertilizer does not have to omit in insecticidal action table containing sterilant because of it.
As can be seen from Table 6, the fertile prevention effect 86.1% of three-in-one medicine, is better than the fertile preventive effect 75.5% of two-in-one medicine.
(2) for the second time latter 25 days of medicine fertilizer (topdressing) to grub, borer (snout moth's larva) effect
Table 7 for the second time latter 25 days of medicine fertilizer (topdressing) to grub, borer (snout moth's larva) effect table
| Process | Basic seedling amount (strain) | With CK ratio | Withered seedling number (strain) | Withered death rate % | Prevention effect % |
| 29% three-in-one medicine fertilizer | 382 | +86 | 3 | 0.22 | 94.16 |
| Two-in-one medicine fertilizer+29% market fertilizer | 410 | +141 | 7 | 1.8 | 52.25 |
| CK(does not apply fertilizer) | 296 | 11 | 3.77 |
(on May 25th, 2009---old Zu Fang on June 18 family)
Note: therefore 29% market fertilizer does not have to omit in insecticidal action table containing sterilant because of it.
From table 7, latter 25 days of medicine fertilizer (topdressing) for the second time, the fertile preventive effect of three-in-one medicine reached 94.16%, is better than equally 52.25% of two-in-one medicine fertilizer.
(3) fertile latter 73 days of medicine is to grub, borer (sugarcane borer) effect
Fertile latter 73 days of table 8 medicine is to grub, borer (sugarcane borer) effect table
| Process | Basic seedling amount (strain) | With CK ratio | Withered seedling number (strain) | Withered death rate % | Prevention effect % |
| 29% three-in-one medicine fertilizer | 386 | +93 | 2 | 0.5 | 83.3 |
| Two-in-one medicine fertilizer+29% market fertilizer | 361 | +68 | 3 | 0.8 | 73.3 |
| CK(does not apply fertilizer) | 293 | 9 | 3.0 |
(on February 27th, 2009---old Zu Fang on May 11 family)
Note: therefore 29% market fertilizer does not have to omit in insecticidal action table containing sterilant because of it.
From table 8, fertile latter 73 days of dispenser, three-in-one preventive effect reaches 83.3%, is better than 73.3% of two-in-one preventive effect.
Make a general survey of table 6-table 8, three-in-one medicine fertilizer reaches 83.3-94.16% to the preventive effect of grub, sugarcane borer, is all better than the preventive effect 52.25-75.5% of two-in-one medicine fertilizer, and in use, point base manure, the administered twice of topdressing are executed 50kg/667 m2 at every turn.
(4) impact of medicine fertilizer on sugarcane seedling rate
After dispenser fertilizer 73 days, we investigate the military family of farm, zigzag gulf Laneige and gold-tinted kind family test, and the three-in-one fertilizer of result is better than two-in-one fertilizer, is better than 29% market composite fertilizer.The results are shown in Table 9.
The impact of table 9-1 medicine fertilizer on sugarcane seedling rate
| Process | Basic seedling amount (strain) | In CK ratio | Increase percentage % than CK |
| 29% three-in-one medicine fertilizer | 366 | +79 | +27.5 |
| Two-in-one medicine fertilizer+29% market fertilizer | 330 | +43 | +15.0 |
| 29% market fertilizer | 312 | +25 | +8.7 |
| CK(does not apply fertilizer | 287 | - | - |
The kind family of gold-tinted medicine fertile latter 88 days (22 days-May 21 February in 2009)
The impact of table 9-2 medicine fertilizer on sugarcane seedling rate
| Process | Basic seedling amount (strain) | In CK ratio | Increase percentage % than CK |
| Three-in-one fertilizer | 386 | +93 | +24 |
| Two-in-one fertilizer | 361 | +68 | +18.8 |
| 29% market fertilizer | 336 | +43 | +12.8 |
| Contrast (not applying fertilizer) | 293 |
The military family of Laneige medicine fertile latter 73 days (27-May 21 February)
Table 9 illustrates: three-in-one medicine fertilizer increases by 15.0-18.8%, 29% market composite fertilizer than CK increase by 8.7-12.8% than CK seedling rate increase by 24-27.5%, two-in-one medicine fertilizer than CK seedling rate.
Experiment shows to do base manure 50kg/667 m2 in the time of plantation,, the 50kg/667 m2 that topdresses in the time of cultivation and banking, executes 100 kg/667 m2 for twice altogether, and result reaches 86.1-94.16 to the prevention effect of sugarcane tortoise and sugarcane borer; Sugarcane seedling rate is increased to 24-27.5%, to growth of seedling, have no adverse reaction.Practice shows, three-in-one fertile drug effect is better than the 29% market composite fertilizer that two-in-one fertilizer is more better than contrast.Can expand and apply.
Claims (2)
1. a sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, is characterized in that: its raw material comprises inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, sterilant, lanthanon, moderate-element and trace element; The weight percent that its each component accounts for sugarcane Chemical Mixed Fertilizer gross weight is: inorganic fertilizer 8%～20%, and fertilizer 5～15%, sterilant Volaton 0.1%～1%, moderate-element 0.1%～1.0%, trace element 3%～10%, lanthanon is 0.01%～0.05%;
Described inorganic fertilizer element is: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, contain the element of following mass percent, N 6%～20%, P in described inorganic fertilizer
2o
54%～15%, K
2o 4%～20%;
Described trace element is B, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn; In trace element, contain the element of following mass percent, B 0.5%～2%, Mn 1%～3%, Cu 1.0%～3%, Fe 0.5%～3%, Zn 0.5%～5%.
Described moderate-element is calcium, magnesium, sulphur; In moderate-element, contain the element of following mass percent, Mg 0.5%～2.0%, Ca 2.0%～10.00%, S 1.0%～5.00%.
Described lanthanon comprises lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium and lutetium;
Described fertilizer is humic acids or humate.
2. according to sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the N element in described inorganic fertilizer is provided by the mixture of one or more or they in urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate; Described P
2o
5for in fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, common calcium phosphate monoammonium phosphate or two ammoniums, one or both provide; Described K
2o provides for Repone K, salt of wormwood, potassium primary phosphate or potassium sulfate; Mg element in described moderate-element by fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, containing the magnesium sulfate of crystal water, magnesium chloride, magnesian one or more material mixes provides; Ca element is mixed and is provided by one or more material of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Calucium Silicate powder, calcium superphosphate, white lime, gypsum; S element is by mixing and provide containing one or more the material in the magnesium sulfate of crystal water, zinc sulfate, potassium sulfate, gypsum, sulphur; B element in described trace element by borax, boric acid one or more material mix provide; Mn element is provided by manganous sulfate; Cu element is provided by copper sulfate; Fe element is provided by ferric sulfate; Zn element is provided by the zinc sulfate containing crystal water.
3. sugarcane desinsection Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: block raw and auxiliary material is dropped into crusher and pulverize, after pulverizing, mix with inorganic fertilizer, fertilizer, lanthanon, moderate-element and trace element, send into tablets press with belt conveyor and carry out granulation, granularity is controlled at 1-4cm; And then with sending into dryer, 350 DEG C-600 DEG C of temperature, 80 DEG C-120 DEG C of temperature outs, are dried to the required requirement reaching of water content; Through overcooling, screening, deliver to coating machine again, add sterilant Volaton to carry out together surface treatment by formula metering, then enter automatic packing machine and be packaged to be product; Tail gas, through sedimentation dedusting, enters washing tower and washs to meeting environmental requirement, by smoke stack emission.
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| CN104230428A (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-24 | 广州甘蔗糖业研究所 | Preparation method and field using technology of special all-element compound fertilizer for sugarcane |
| CN104262039B (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2016-08-24 | 武汉中农国际贸易有限公司 | Control worm controlled release sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104761381A (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2015-07-08 | 广西南宁桂知科技有限公司 | Special fertilizer for sugarcane |
| CN104844300B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2018-03-30 | 广西贵港市丰收肥业有限公司 | A kind of sugarcane special-purpose fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105016916A (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2015-11-04 | 大新县科学技术情报研究所 | Sugarcane fertilizing method |
| CN105218233A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-06 | 广西洪喜肥业有限公司 | Improve composite fertilizer and the production method thereof of cane sugar |
| CN105367248A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-02 | 南宁市金沙壮畜牧养殖有限责任公司 | Special compound mixed fertilizer for sugarcane and preparation method for fertilizer |
| CN105367246A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-02 | 南宁市金沙壮畜牧养殖有限责任公司 | Special organic compound mixed fertilizer for sugarcane and preparation method for fertilizer |
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