CN102847433B - The processing method of tail gas in the production of a kind of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum - Google Patents

The processing method of tail gas in the production of a kind of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102847433B
CN102847433B CN201210359090.4A CN201210359090A CN102847433B CN 102847433 B CN102847433 B CN 102847433B CN 201210359090 A CN201210359090 A CN 201210359090A CN 102847433 B CN102847433 B CN 102847433B
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tail gas
natrium nitrosum
sodium nitrate
sodium
catalyst
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CN102847433A (en
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李德江
龚大春
张义军
余华强
赵鹏程
杨世立
刘华
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Huaqiang Chemical Group Co Ltd
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
Huaqiang Chemical Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

A processing method for tail gas in the production of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum, the NO in the waste gas that mist absorption-SCR technology removes sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum production is discharged is caught in the present invention's employing x.By condensation wire-mesh mist extractor removing sodium salt (sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum, sodium carbonate mixture); The waste gas of removing sodium salt, under catalyst action, forms nitrogen and water with ammonia generation catalytic reaction, realizes qualified discharge in crossing current reactor.The present invention is applicable to sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum manufacturing enterprise tail gas NO xprocess, this technique has that technique is simple, operating cost is low, non-secondary pollution and NOx process feature thoroughly.

Description

The processing method of tail gas in the production of a kind of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum tail gas NO xprocessing method.
Background technology
NOx can be combined by hemochrome in animal blood, makes blood anoxic, causes nervous centralis to benumb, and causes damage, damage the ozone layer to heart, liver, kidney and hematopoietic tissue, and with SO in air 2to coexist formation acid rain with dust, great harm is caused to people and environment.
At present, the method kind of industrial NO_x removal is more, the method of purified treatment NOx can be divided into wet denitration and Dry denitration by Processing tecchnics, and wet denitration comprises absorption process (absorption process can be divided into water absorption method, sour absorption process, alkali absorb method, oxidative absorption method, liquid-phase reduction absorption process), microbial cleaning method etc.; Dry denitration comprises catalytic reduction method (catalytic reduction method can be divided into absorption process can be divided into selective catalytic reduction, non-selective catalytic reduction), absorption method, plasma method (ion method can be divided into electron beam irradiation method and impulse electric corona method), but application is at present more, the technology of development relative maturity is SCR (SCR), liquid absorption method, absorption method, and other method is not industrially used widely.
Oneself SCR (SCR) method be used widely abroad, and this method can obtain higher NOx removal efficiency at a lower temperature, and clearance reaches 85%.This technique can be used for power plant, gas fired-boiler, explosive motor, chemical plant etc., and ammonia injects the flue gas containing NOx as reducing agent, and NOx is reduced to N under the effect of catalyst 2and H 2o.Therefore SCR takes off NOx is a very effective method, but the method catalyst easily poisons, and disposal cost is high, generates the surface that ammonium salt can be deposited on heat exchanger and miscellaneous equipment, reduces the thermal efficiency.
NOx in absorption process purifying exhaust air, by the kind of absorbent being divided into water absorption method, sour absorption process, alkali absorb method, oxidationreduction and Absorption via Chemical Complexation etc.Because absorbent kind is more, source is also wide, so strong adaptability, but this method removal NOx efficiency is lower, and energy consumption is high, easily causes secondary pollution.
Existing industrial production sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum, main employing selects ammoxidation rear oxidation nitrogen directly to absorb (dense gas method) technique, the advantage of this technique is can according to the demand of market to sodium nitrate and sodium nitrate in producing, the ratio of any adjustment natrium nitrosum and sodium nitrate, even if but shortcoming is nitrogen oxide gas enter five series connection Alkali absorption towers absorb after, the NO in tail gas xcontent is also at more than 2000ppm, and in tail gas, be also entrained with a large amount of sodium salts (mixture of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum, sodium carbonate), if be directly discharged in air, both resource was wasted, cause environmental pollution again, therefore the content of NOx how is reduced in 240ppm(discharging standards) below, reclaim the sodium salt carried secretly in tail gas own through becoming the key issue of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum industrial production, operation.
Based on above analysis, from current prior art both at home and abroad, be difficult to reach removing sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum production tail gas NO xobject, therefore develop high efficiency waste gas and take off NO xtechnology be after exhuast gas desulfurization and the key subjects another urgently to be resolved hurrily of facing.
Summary of the invention
For the catalysts selective catalytic reduction method of prior art, the deficiency of absorption process, the mist absorption-SCR technology of catching that a kind of technique is advanced, operating cost is low is the object of the present invention is to provide to remove tail gas NO in sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum production xthe method of process.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: the processing method of tail gas in the production of a kind of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum, from Alkali absorption tower waste gas out through a condensation wire-mesh mist extractor removing sodium salt, the NOx gas sloughing sodium salt enters tail gas pre-heater, heater exhaust gas enters catalytic reactor and namely to flow over reactor after being heated to 170 ~ 190 DEG C, the steam of heater exhaust gas is from webmaster, steam condensate back boiler room, the gas ammonia of crossing current reactor is from synthetic ammonia installation.Under catalyst action, pressure is 0.1 ~ 0.11Mpa, and temperature is that the condition of 170 ~ 190 DEG C and reducibility gas carry out catalytic reduction reaction, by NO xbe reduced to nitrogen and water.
Described tail gas Main Ingredients and Appearance is drop and the NO of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum and sodium carbonate x.
Described reducibility gas is ammonia.
Described catalyst is cellular platinum, palladium, V 2o 5-WO 3/ TiO 2, MnO x/ TiO 2or Fe-ZSM-5.
Honeycombed catalyst is placed in stainless steel module, and stainless steel module is placed in catalytic reactor and forms beds, and beds is three layers.
By NO xthe tail gas be reduced to after nitrogen and water enters after tail gas pre-heater reclaims heat and discharges.
The processing method of tail gas in the production of sodium nitrate provided by the invention, natrium nitrosum, beneficial effect is as follows:
1, chimney breast NOx content < 160 ppm, the discharge of NOx reaches discharging standards.
2, decrease poisoning catalyst, the present invention eliminates the drop of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum and sodium carbonate, if do not remove, is adsorbed on catalyst surface, causes catalyst activity to reduce.
3, produce the manufacturing enterprise of 80,000 tons of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum per year, adopt this technology every year can voluminous sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum 360 tons, reduce with ammonia 100 tons.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Catalyst is placed: honeycombed catalyst is placed in stainless steel module, and stainless steel module is placed in catalytic reactor and forms beds, and beds is three layers.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows: Alkali absorption tower waste gas is out through a condensation wire-mesh mist extractor, by manufacturing a large amount of millimetre-sized water droplets in condensation wire-mesh mist extractor, millimetre-sized water droplet is allowed to go to catch micron-sized water droplet, thus the drop isolated containing sodium salt in tail gas, remaining gas contains the drop containing sodium salt of a small amount of submillimeter level, again through the removing of condensation silk screen, with atomized water low speed by silk screen generation cohesion, granule water droplet becomes bulky grain water droplet, then by Action of Gravity Field removing sodium salt (sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum, sodium carbonate mixture), the waste gas of removing sodium salt (sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum, sodium carbonate mixture), with cellular platinum, palladium, V 2o 5-WO 3/ TiO 2, MnO x/ TiO 2, Fe-ZSM-5 is catalyst, be 0.1 ~ 0.11MPa at pressure, temperature is 170 ~ 190 DEG C, and the NOx gas sloughing sodium salt forms nitrogen (N with ammonia generation catalytic reaction in crossing current reactor 2) and water (H 2o), realize row's dye up to standard to put.
embodiment 1
From the Alkali absorption tower sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum production process out waste gas (Main Ingredients and Appearance is NO x, salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride and carbonate drop) through condensation wire-mesh mist extractor removing sodium salt (sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum, sodium carbonate drop), slough NOx gas and the reducibility gas NH of sodium salt 3, with cellular flat platinum for catalyst, be 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 180 DEG C, by NO xbe reduced to nitrogen (N 2) and water (H 2o).And discharge a large amount of heat, enter after tail gas pre-heater reclaims heat from gas and enter chimney.After testing, the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 156ppm.
embodiment 2
With honeycomb platinum for catalyst, be 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 170 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 160ppm.
embodiment 3
With honeycomb platinum for catalyst, be 0.1MPa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 190 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 145ppm.
embodiment 4
With honeycomb palladium for catalyst, be 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 170 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 170ppm.
embodiment 5
With honeycomb palladium for catalyst, be 0.1MPa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 180 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 158ppm.
embodiment 5
With honeycomb palladium for catalyst, be 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 190 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 160ppm.
embodiment 6
With V 2o 5-WO 3/ TiO 2for catalyst, be 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 170 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 220ppm.
embodiment 7
With V 2o 5-WO 3/ TiO 2for catalyst, be 0.1MPa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 180 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 192ppm.
embodiment 8
With V 2o 5-WO 3/ TiO 2for catalyst, be 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 190 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 185ppm.
embodiment 9
With MnO x/ TiO 2for catalyst, be 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 170 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 230ppm.
embodiment 10
With MnO x/ TiO 2for catalyst, be 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 180 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 227ppm.
embodiment 11
With MnO x/ TiO 2for catalyst, be 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction in the catalytic reactor of 190 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment 1, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 200ppm.
embodiment 12
Taking Fe-ZSM-5 as catalyst, is 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, and temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction, the other the same as in Example 1 in the catalytic reactor of 170 DEG C, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 252ppm.
embodiment 13
Taking Fe-ZSM-5 as catalyst, is 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, and temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction, the other the same as in Example 1 in the catalytic reactor of 180 DEG C, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 241ppm.
embodiment 14
Taking Fe-ZSM-5 as catalyst, is 0.10 ~ 0.11Mpa at pressure, and temperature is carry out catalytic reduction reaction, the other the same as in Example 1 in the catalytic reactor of 190 DEG C, and the nitrogen oxide in tail gas content of chimney is 225ppm.

Claims (2)

1. a sodium nitrate, the processing method of tail gas in natrium nitrosum production, it is characterized in that: from Alkali absorption tower tail gas out through a condensation wire-mesh mist extractor, by manufacturing a large amount of millimetre-sized water droplets in condensation wire-mesh mist extractor, millimetre-sized water droplet is allowed to go to catch micron-sized water droplet, thus the drop isolated containing sodium salt in tail gas, remaining gas contains the drop containing sodium salt of a small amount of submillimeter level, again through the removing of condensation wire-mesh mist extractor, with atomized water low speed by condensation wire-mesh mist extractor generation cohesion, granule water droplet becomes bulky grain water droplet, then by Action of Gravity Field removing sodium salt, slough the NO of sodium salt xgas enters tail gas pre-heater, heater exhaust gas enters catalytic reactor after being heated to 170 ~ 190 DEG C, and under catalyst action, pressure is 0.1 ~ 0.11MPa, and temperature is that the condition of 170 ~ 190 DEG C and ammonia carry out catalytic reduction reaction, by NO xbe reduced to nitrogen and water,
Described tail gas Main Ingredients and Appearance is drop and the NO of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum and sodium carbonate x,
Described catalyst is cellular platinum, palladium, V 2o 5-WO 3/ TiO 2, MnO x/ TiO 2or Fe-ZSM-5, wherein honeycombed catalyst is placed in stainless steel module, and stainless steel module is placed in catalytic reactor and forms beds, and beds is three layers.
2. sodium nitrate according to claim 1, natrium nitrosum produce in the processing method of tail gas, it is characterized in that: described NO xthe tail gas be reduced to after nitrogen and water enters after tail gas pre-heater reclaims heat and discharges.
CN201210359090.4A 2012-09-25 2012-09-25 The processing method of tail gas in the production of a kind of sodium nitrate, natrium nitrosum Active CN102847433B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US7390471B2 (en) * 2005-11-17 2008-06-24 Siemens Power Generation, Inc. Apparatus and method for catalytic treatment of exhaust gases
CN202044875U (en) * 2011-06-20 2011-11-23 西安同大实业有限公司 High-efficiency separator for tail gas of device with sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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"高效低温氨选择还原NOx催化剂的研制和工业应用;刘淑文等;《第六届全国硝酸硝酸盐技术交流会论文集》;20111101;第53-54页 *
四川电力建设二公司组编.烟气脱硝的现场施工.《火力发电厂脱硫脱硝施工安装与运行技术》.2010,第190-191页. *
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Denomination of invention: A method for treating tail gas in the production of sodium nitrate and sodium nitrite

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