CN102846328A - Automatic exposure controlling device and controlling method for digital photography - Google Patents
Automatic exposure controlling device and controlling method for digital photography Download PDFInfo
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- CN102846328A CN102846328A CN2012103034087A CN201210303408A CN102846328A CN 102846328 A CN102846328 A CN 102846328A CN 2012103034087 A CN2012103034087 A CN 2012103034087A CN 201210303408 A CN201210303408 A CN 201210303408A CN 102846328 A CN102846328 A CN 102846328A
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic exposure controlling device and an automatic exposure controlling method for digital photography. The method comprises the following steps that an automobile emission control (AEC) sensor converts a received X ray into visible light, generates an electric charge signal, and transmits the electric charge signal to an integrator on an analog module by an interface; the integrator converts the electric charge signal into a voltage signal,amplifies and filters, and outputs the voltage signal to an analogue-digital conversion (ADC) module; the ADC module transmits the converted digital signal to a processing module (a microprocessor); the processing module performs digital filtering on the digital signal converted by the ADC module and compares the digital signal with the converted digital signal to select a maximum value; and finally, the processing module compares the maximum value with a preset value to determine whether a pulse signal is sent to an X-ray panel probe to sample. Compared with the traditional method, the automatic exposure controlling method has the advantages that a multistage amplifying and comparing module is eliminated, and the ADC module is added, so that the AEC is controlled in a digitalized mode; and the device is intelligentized and high in response sensitivity, and is difficultly interfered by the outside environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of auto-exposure control (AEC) technology, particularly relate to a kind of digital photography automatic exposure control device and control method.
Background technology
In the medical X-ray photographic process, in order to reduce the amount of radiation that the patient is subject to when guaranteeing the x-ray imaging quality as far as possible, the beginning of control X ray exposure and end are very crucial technology.Along with the development of science and technology, we make every effort to use minimum possible radiation dose to produce optimum best image, and auto-exposure control is owing to the advantage of himself is arisen at the historic moment.Auto-exposure control (Automatic Exposure Control AEC) equipment is the equipment of control X ray time of exposure, its function is accurately to control the time of exposure of X ray under the prerequisite that guarantees the X ray image quality, and the x-ray dose that the patient is absorbed is minimum.
At present the AEC implementation has three kinds, namely with the photomultiplier tube auto-exposure control of fluorescent effect control and take X ray to the ionization chamber effect of air as basic gaseous state ionization chamber, perhaps use solid-state ionization chamber, mix preamplifier and realize auto-exposure control.Ionization chamber utilizes the method for gas ionization, detect the dosage of X ray by photoelectric effect or Compton effect, convert the variable that detects to AEC signaling interface that the signal of telecommunication outputs to high tension generator, high tension generator is by judging whether this signal of telecommunication arrives preset value to determine whether to stop to export high pressure.Specifically, the implementation of traditional AEC is: adopt the sensor to the X ray sensitivity, x-ray dose is converted to the signal of telecommunication (electric current or voltage), the voltage after time integral is proportional to the x-ray dose of accepting.After the setting voltage that integral voltage and is proportional to image density compares, provide the exposure termination signal that dosage arrives setting value by a threshold detector, with cutoff high, just formed auto-exposure control.
Aspect principle, the signal that AEC equipment produces is proportional to the flux of the X ray that X-ray detector receives, and AEC equipment is taked to stop to expose according to this signal or the mode of adjusting the X ray exposure dose is adjusted exposure dose and the time of exposure of every X ray image.
Aspect the realization circuit, a plurality of photoelectric conversion modules of the at present general employing of AEC technology, the corresponding integral unit of each photoelectric conversion module selects maximum one road voltage signal to the auto-exposure control signaling interface of high tension generator by comparing output module.The shortcoming that this technology exists is that the gain of integration module is fixed, and response sensitivity is lower, easily is subject to the interference of external environment, is not easy to realize automatization.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of digital photography automatic exposure control device and control method, the gain that is used for solution prior art integration module is fixed, response sensitivity is lower, easily be subject to the interference of external environment, be not easy to realize the problem of automatization.
Reach for achieving the above object other relevant purposes, the invention provides a kind of digital photography automatic exposure control device, described digital photography automatic exposure control device comprises at least:
The AEC sensor is used for converting X ray to visible light, and converts this visible light to charge signal;
Analog module has three analog channels that are connected in described AEC sensor, and described analog channel is used for the charge signal of described AEC sensor input is converted to voltage signal, and this voltage signal is amplified and Filtering Processing;
Analog-to-digital conversion module is connected in described analog module, has respectively and three three analog digital conversion passages that analog channel is corresponding, and the voltage signal that described analog digital conversion passage is used for analog channel output that will be corresponding with it is converted to digital signal;
Processing module, be connected in described analog-to-digital conversion module, be used for providing the work schedule control signal to described analog module and analog-to-digital conversion module, and the maximum that compares a plurality of digital signals of described analog-to-digital conversion module output, and with maximum and preset value comparison to determine whether transmitted signal triggering X ray flat panel detector is sampled.
In digital photography automatic exposure control device of the present invention, described digital photography automatic exposure control device also comprises the dark current compensation module, its input is connected in described AEC sensor, and outfan is connected in described analog module, is used for described three analog channels are carried out current compensation.
Preferably, described dark current compensation module comprises that one is connected in the integrator that is used for charge signal is converted to voltage signal of described AEC sensor, and an input is connected in described integrator, and outfan is connected in the sign-changing amplifier that described voltage signal is amplified of being used for of described analog channel.
In digital photography automatic exposure control device of the present invention, described analog channel comprises:
Integrator is connected in described AEC sensor, is used for converting charge signal to voltage signal;
Amplifier is connected in described integrator, is used for voltage signal is amplified;
Wave filter is connected in described amplifier, and the voltage signal after being used for amplifying carries out Filtering Processing.
Preferably, described wave filter is the RC low pass filter.
As a preferred version of digital photography automatic exposure control device of the present invention, described processing module is used for that also a plurality of digital signals are carried out medium filtering and processes.
The present invention also provides a kind of control method of digital photography automatic exposure control device of as above-mentioned any one party case, and described control method may further comprise the steps:
1) processing module system initialization comprises: the initialization of the setting of system clock, time-delay initialization and analog-to-digital conversion module work schedule function;
2) successively gating the first analog channel, the second analog channel and the 3rd analog channel, respectively this analog channel converts the charge signal that the AEC sensor produces to voltage signal successively, and it is amplified and filtering, then by analog-to-digital conversion module this voltage signal is carried out analog digital conversion and obtain digital signal, and export this digital signal to processing module and store;
3) repeating step 2) three groups of digital signals of 2N+1 acquisition, and by described processing module each group digital signal is carried out medium filtering and process three intermediate value digital signals of acquisition, wherein, N is the integer between 1 ~ 5;
4) utilize described processing module to compare the maximum of described three intermediate value digital signals, and this maximum and preset value compared, if this maximum is less than preset value, then re-start step 2) ~ step 4), if this maximum is greater than preset value, then transmitted signal triggering X ray flat panel detector is sampled.
Preferably, number of times in the described step 3), repeating step 2) is 5 times.
As mentioned above, digital photography automatic exposure control device of the present invention and control method, have following beneficial effect: the AEC sensor converts the X ray that receives visible light to and produces charge signal, be sent to integrator on the analog module by interface, integrator converts charge signal to voltage signal, then this voltage signal is amplified and filtering, export the voltage signal after the amplification filtering to analog digital conversion (ADC) module, digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion module will be changed is passed to processing module (microprocessor), processing module will be carried out digital filtering and relatively select maximum through the digital signal after the analog-to-digital conversion module conversion, last processing module compares this maximum and preset value, to determine whether the transmitted signal begins sampling to the X ray flat panel detector by it.The present invention with respect to traditional method, has saved multistage amplification and comparison module take processing module (microprocessor) as core, increase an analog-to-digital conversion module, realize the Digital Control of AEC, more intelligent, have higher response sensitivity, and be not easy to be subject to the interference of external environment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is shown as the structural representation of digital photography automatic exposure control device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is shown as the analog module electrical block diagram of digital photography automatic exposure control device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is shown as the analog-to-digital conversion module electrical block diagram of digital photography automatic exposure control device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is shown as the processing module electrical block diagram of digital photography automatic exposure control device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is shown as the dark current compensation modular circuit structural representation of digital photography automatic exposure control device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is shown as the control method work schedule schematic diagram of digital photography automatic exposure control device of the present invention.
The element numbers explanation
101 AEC sensors
102 analog modules
1021 analog channels
103 analog-to-digital conversion modules
104 processing modules
105 dark current compensation modules
106 X ray flat panel detectors
S1 ~ S4 step 1) ~ step 4)
The specific embodiment
Below by specific instantiation explanation embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily by the disclosed content of this description.The present invention can also be implemented or be used by the other different specific embodiment, and the every details in this description also can be based on different viewpoints and application, carries out various modifications or change under the spirit of the present invention not deviating from.
See also Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 6.Need to prove, the diagram that provides in the present embodiment only illustrates basic conception of the present invention in a schematic way, satisfy only show in graphic with the present invention in relevant assembly but not component count, shape and size drafting when implementing according to reality, kenel, quantity and the ratio of each assembly can be a kind of random change during its actual enforcement, and its assembly layout kenel also may be more complicated.
Such as Fig. 1 ~ shown in Figure 5, the present embodiment provides a kind of digital photography automatic exposure control device, and described digital photography automatic exposure control device comprises at least:
Analog-to-digital conversion module 103 is connected in described analog module 102, has respectively and three three analog digital conversion passages that analog channel is corresponding, and the voltage signal that described analog digital conversion passage is used for analog channel output that will be corresponding with it is converted to digital signal;
Described digital photography automatic exposure control device also comprises dark current compensation module 105, and its input is connected in described AEC sensor 101, and outfan is connected in described analog module 102, is used for described three analog channels are carried out current compensation.
As shown in Figure 5, in the present embodiment, described dark current compensation module 105 comprises that one is connected in the integrator that is used for charge signal is converted to voltage signal of described AEC sensor 101, and an input is connected in described integrator, and outfan is connected in the sign-changing amplifier that described voltage signal is amplified of being used for of described analog channel.The always gating work of described dark current compensation module 105 that is to say that described dark current compensation module 105 is being that described three analog channels are carried out the compensation of electric current always.
Described AEC sensor 101 comprises X ray converting unit and photoelectric conversion unit, and described X ray converting unit adopts the cesium iodide thin film to convert X ray to visible light, certainly, also can adopt the means of other all expections to convert X ray to visible light; Described photoelectric conversion unit is the electrooptical devices such as PN junction photodiode, PIN p n junction photodiode, optical gate, is used for converting visible light to charge signal.
As shown in Figure 2, described analog module 102 comprises three analog channels 1021 that structure is identical, and described three analog channels 1021 can be worked or time-sharing work simultaneously by the control of described processing module 104, and particularly, described analog channel 1021 comprises:
Integrator is connected in described AEC sensor 101, is used for converting charge signal to voltage signal.The present invention selects the ACF2101BU integrator, has low noise, low-leakage current, and the characteristics of wide dynamic range are conducive to characterize more accurately the size of the charge signal that receives.
Amplifier is connected in described integrator, is used for voltage signal is amplified.The present invention selects the OP07 amplifier, has the characteristics of low input offset voltage, high open-loop gain, can effectively amplify fainter signal.
Wave filter is connected in described amplifier, and the voltage signal after being used for amplifying carries out Filtering Processing.In the present embodiment, described wave filter adopts the RC low pass filter.
As shown in Figure 3, described analog-to-digital conversion module 103 has three the analog digital conversion passages corresponding with three analog channels of analog module 102, be used for receiving respectively the voltage signal of three analog channel outputs and converting thereof into digital signal, therefore, three of described analog-to-digital conversion module 103 analog digital conversion passages can cooperate with three analog channels simultaneously or time-sharing work.
The characteristics such as shown in Figure 4, described processing module 104 is selected microprocessor (ARM), and it is little that this type of microprocessor has power consumption, and processing speed is fast, and cost performance is high, and development data is many on the market.Its effect is for providing the work schedule control signal to described analog module 102 and analog-to-digital conversion module 103, and the maximum that compares a plurality of digital signals of described analog-to-digital conversion module 103 outputs, and with maximum and preset value comparison to determine whether transmitted signal triggering X ray flat panel detector 105 is sampled.
The principle of the digital photography automatic exposure control device in the present embodiment is: at first the AEC sensor produces charge signal after converting the X ray that detects to visible light, then the charge signal that produces is sent into respectively three tunnel analog channels (circuit structure of three tunnel analog channels is the same) through three signaling interfaces of AEC sensor 101.Then the integrator by analog channel converts charge signal to voltage signal, behind voltage signal process amplifier and the wave filter, enter respectively three analog digital conversion passages of analog-to-digital conversion module 103, each analog digital conversion passage converts voltage signal to digital signal, and the data after will changing are given processing module 104.Processing module 104 compares the data of three analog-to-digital conversion passage outputs, and maximum and the preset value got wherein compare, to determine that whether triggering X ray flat panel detector 105 samples.
Shown in Fig. 1 ~ 6, the present embodiment provides a kind of control method of digital photography automatic exposure control device, and described control method may further comprise the steps:
As shown in Figure 6, at first carry out step 1) S1, processing module 104 system initializations comprise: the initialization of the setting of system clock, time-delay initialization and analog-to-digital conversion module 103 work schedule functions;
Then carry out step 2) S2, described processing module 104 transmits control signal, successively gating the first analog channel, the second analog channel and the 3rd analog channel, respectively this analog channel converts the charge signal that AEC sensor 101 produces to voltage signal successively, and it is amplified and filtering, then carry out analog digital conversion by 103 pairs of these voltage signals of analog-to-digital conversion module and obtain digital signal, and export this digital signal to processing module 104 and store; Described first, second, third analog channel can time-sharing work.
Then carry out step 3) S3, repeating step 2) obtains three groups of digital signals 2N+1 time, and by described processing module 104 each group digital signal is carried out medium filtering and process three intermediate value digital signals of acquisition, wherein, N is the integer between 1 ~ 5, the value that is N can be 1,2,3,4 or 5, repeating step 2) number of times can be 3,5,7,9 or 11 times; In the present embodiment, repeating step 2) number of times is 5 times, namely produces 3 groups of digital signals, and every group of digital signal has 5 digital signals, by described processing module 104 5 digital signals of each group is carried out medium filtering and processes and obtain three intermediate value digital signals.
Carry out at last step 4) S4, utilize described processing module 104 to compare the maximum of described three intermediate value digital signals, and this maximum and preset value compared, if this maximum is less than preset value, then re-start step 2) ~ step 4), if this maximum is greater than preset value, then transmitted signal triggering X ray flat panel detector 105 is sampled.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of digital photography automatic exposure control device and control method, at first AEC sensor 101 converts the X ray that receives visible light to and produces charge signal, be sent to integrator on the analog module 102 by interface, integrator converts charge signal to voltage signal, then this voltage signal is amplified and filtering, export the voltage signal after the amplification filtering to analog digital conversion (ADC) module, digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion module 103 will be changed is passed to processing module 104(microprocessor), processing module 104 will be carried out digital filtering and relatively select maximum through the digital signal after analog-to-digital conversion module 103 conversions, last processing module 104 compares this maximum and preset value, to determine whether the transmitted signal allows it begin sampling to X ray flat panel detector 105.The present invention is take processing module 104(microprocessor) as core, with respect to traditional method, saved multistage amplification and comparison module, increase an analog-to-digital conversion module 103, realize the control of AEC, more intelligent, have higher response sensitivity, and be not easy to be subject to the interference of external environment.So the present invention has effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and the tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not is used for restriction the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all can be under spirit of the present invention and category, and above-described embodiment is modified or changed.Therefore, have in the technical field under such as and know that usually the knowledgeable modifies or changes not breaking away from all equivalences of finishing under disclosed spirit and the technological thought, must be contained by claim of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a digital photography automatic exposure control device is characterized in that, described digital photography automatic exposure control device comprises at least:
The AEC sensor is used for converting X ray to visible light, and converts this visible light to charge signal;
Analog module has three analog channels that are connected in described AEC sensor, and described analog channel is used for the charge signal of described AEC sensor input is converted to voltage signal, and this voltage signal is amplified and Filtering Processing;
Analog-to-digital conversion module is connected in described analog module, has respectively and three three analog digital conversion passages that analog channel is corresponding, and the voltage signal that described analog digital conversion passage is used for analog channel output that will be corresponding with it is converted to digital signal;
Processing module, be connected in described analog-to-digital conversion module, be used for providing the work schedule control signal to described analog module and analog-to-digital conversion module, and the maximum that compares a plurality of digital signals of described analog-to-digital conversion module output, and with maximum and preset value comparison to determine whether transmitted signal triggering X ray flat panel detector is sampled.
2. digital photography automatic exposure control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described digital photography automatic exposure control device also comprises the dark current compensation module, its input is connected in described AEC sensor, outfan is connected in described analog module, is used for described three analog channels are carried out current compensation.
3. digital photography automatic exposure control device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described dark current compensation module comprises that one is connected in the integrator that is used for charge signal is converted to voltage signal of described AEC sensor, and an input is connected in described integrator, and outfan is connected in the sign-changing amplifier that described voltage signal is amplified of being used for of described analog channel.
4. digital photography automatic exposure control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described analog channel comprises:
Integrator is connected in described AEC sensor, is used for converting charge signal to voltage signal;
Amplifier is connected in described integrator, is used for voltage signal is amplified;
Wave filter is connected in described amplifier, and the voltage signal after being used for amplifying carries out Filtering Processing.
5. digital photography automatic exposure control device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described wave filter is the RC low pass filter.
6. digital photography automatic exposure control device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described processing module is used for that also a plurality of digital signals are carried out medium filtering and processes.
7. the control method such as claim 1 ~ 6 any one digital photography automatic exposure control device is characterized in that, described control method may further comprise the steps:
1) processing module system initialization comprises: the initialization of the setting of system clock, time-delay initialization and analog-to-digital conversion module work schedule function;
2) successively gating the first analog channel, the second analog channel and the 3rd analog channel, each analog channel converts the charge signal that the AEC sensor produces to voltage signal successively, and it is amplified and filtering, then by analog-to-digital conversion module this voltage signal is carried out analog digital conversion and obtain digital signal, and export this digital signal to processing module and store;
3) repeating step 2) three groups of digital signals of 2N+1 acquisition, and by described processing module each group digital signal is carried out medium filtering and process three intermediate value digital signals of acquisition, wherein, N is the integer between 1 ~ 5;
4) utilize described processing module to compare the maximum of described three intermediate value digital signals, and this maximum and preset value compared, if this maximum is less than preset value, then re-start step 2) ~ step 4), if this maximum is greater than preset value, then transmitted signal triggering X ray flat panel detector is sampled.
8. the control method of digital photography automatic exposure control device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: in the described step 3), repeating step 2) number of times be 5 times.
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