CN102838292A - Glass-metal sealing structure of high-temperature collector tube - Google Patents
Glass-metal sealing structure of high-temperature collector tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN102838292A CN102838292A CN2012103784948A CN201210378494A CN102838292A CN 102838292 A CN102838292 A CN 102838292A CN 2012103784948 A CN2012103784948 A CN 2012103784948A CN 201210378494 A CN201210378494 A CN 201210378494A CN 102838292 A CN102838292 A CN 102838292A
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- kovar alloy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a glass-metal sealing structure of a high-temperature collector tube, which is particularly suitable for the technical field of groove type photo-thermal power generation. The glass-metal sealing structure comprises a kovar alloy ring (4), a transition glass (5) coated on the kovar alloy ring, and a glass tube (5) connected with the transition glass in an axial direction or a radial direction, and the kovar alloy ring (4), the transition glass (5) and the glass tube (5) are connected with each other through a sealing process. The glass-metal sealing structure has the advantages of high sealing intensity and good air tightness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the glass-to-metal seal structure; It is good that this structure has a sealing strength; Resistance to air loss is high; Particularly suitable high temperature, highly compressed vacuum insulation and adiabatic field, such as the glass-to-metal seal of slot type photo-thermal power generation high-temperature heat-collection pipe, the glass-to-metal seal of electron devices such as high power valve, high pressure arc-extinguishing tube, X-ray tube.
Background technology
Solar light-heat power-generation is that sun power is carried out optical focus, and medium is heated, and produces high temperature and high pressure steam through heat exchange then, the driving steam turbine generating.The collecting system of photo-thermal power generation is the key core parts of whole generating system.In more than the 30 year time in the past; National state such as the U.S. and Israel has inquired into the heat collecting method of forms such as tower thermal-arrest, butterfly thermal-arrest, slot type thermal-arrest respectively; Through practice contrast, the slot type heat collection technology have less investment, efficient high, stable, be fit to extensive power station, so become important thermal-arrest mode.
The slot type heat collection technology is that high-temperature heat-collection pipe is placed on the optical focus focal position of a cambered surface speculum; Luminous energy accumulates on the high-temperature vacuum heat-collecting tube through the total reflection of cambered surface speculum; Make luminous energy be converted into heat energy; Can the medium in the high-temperature heat-collection pipe be heated to more than 450 ℃, exceed more than 350 ℃, can be divided three classes by the use temperature requirement: low temperature thermal-collecting tube≤100 ℃ for thermal-collecting tube than the temperature (below≤100 ℃) of regular solar vacuum heat collection pipe; In warm thermal-collecting tube 100-450 ℃; High-temperature heat-collection pipe>=450 ℃, so slot type photo-thermal power generation thermal-arrest belongs to the high-temperature heat-gathering technology.
High-temperature heat-collection pipe is made up of pipe in glass outer tube and the plated film stainless steel; Use expansion joint that Glass tubing and metal are linked together in the end; The gas of getting rid of between Glass tubing and the stainless steel tube is extracted the gas between Glass tubing and the stainless steel tube out; Make it form vacuum between the two, can realize that like this heat collects to degree in the plated film metal inner pipe to greatest extent, can suppress to prevent that heat scatters and disappears through vacuum again.Interconnection technique between glass and the metal is called sealing technology, and used glass material is generally the borosilicate glass system.Groove examination photo-thermal power generation is exactly the array arrangement through high-temperature heat-collection pipe, and the high-temperature heat-collection pipe SP is got up, and constitutes a huge solar energy heat-collection field.
Operation and test case from the photo-thermal power station; Slot type thermal-arrest mode has that cost is low, less investment, efficient are high; Serviceability is good, be convenient to the big area thermal-arrest; Can and come to realize the advantage of continual generating in 24 hours through the accumulation of energy mode, the slot type collecting system progressively becomes the photo-thermal power generation dominant technology of global focus development and application.
The slot type thermal-arrest is typical optical focus type thermal-arrest mode; Its condition of high temperature and environment for use have proposed very harsh requirement to glass-to-metal seal; Its core requirement is: 1) anti-thermal shock impact capacity, to guarantee that sealing-in termination (thermal shocking of high/low-temperature impact, climate change) Glass tubing or sealing-in position under the thermal shocking effect can not damagedly be destroyed and air tight; 2) physical strength is high, and is not damaged and air tight to guarantee under effects such as thermal shocking, device distortion, gravity.
Glass-metal structure, material and sealing-in form are the key points that keeps the high-temperature heat-collection pipe vacuum-tightness; It is the guarantee of slot type photo-thermal power station steady running; Determined the glass-metal structure to become the safety of photo-thermal power generation system thus; At present, it becomes the development bottleneck of slot type photo-thermal power generation system.Only capture this technology, could realize the steady running of whole slot type collecting system.
At present; In the glass-to-metal seal of the high-temperature heat-collection pipe of slot type photo-thermal power generation system, (both coefficients of expansion differ bigger, and are general poor greater than more than 10% generally to adopt the unmatched sealing technology; Even 300%); Stress is bigger at the sealing-in position, and (50-300 ℃ of scope, the coefficient of expansion of stainless steel 304 is 17-18 * 10 such as stainless steel 304-borosilicate 3.3 glass
-6/ ℃, the coefficient of expansion of borosilicate 3.3 glass is 3.3*10
-6/ ℃, the borosilicate glass that chemicalstability is fabulous, global famous product comprises PYREX/DURAN/BJTY etc.), kovar alloy 4J29-borosilicate 3.3 glass, (50-300 ℃ of scope, the coefficient of expansion of kovar alloy 4J29 is 4.7-5.3 * 10
-6/ ℃); Borosilicate 3.3 glass have good characteristic glass really and aspect a lot of, have good characteristic really aspect a lot; Especially aspect thermal property, chemicalstability; But its sealing-in wettability is very poor, so, find to have the vacuum failure and the sealing-in position that leak air more than 20% and cause thermal-collecting tube damaged in the application time in 30 years in the whole world.Unfavorable for fear of unmatched sealing in addition, high-temperature heat-collection pipe begins to carry out matched seal, solves through two kinds of technique means basically; 1) realizes matched seal through successive sealing-in mode, such as needing glass more than 4 kinds to come transition could realize between kovar alloy 4J29 and borosilicate 3.3 glass and can cutting down the matched seal of bumping silicon 3.3 glass with borosilicate, owing to the quantity that has increased the sealing-in position; The gas leakage risk significantly increases; In addition, being multiplied also appears in workload, has seriously influenced production efficiency; Moreover; For during transitional glass production and buying also bring huge difficulty, the whole world is difficult in a tame enterprise and accomplishes that multiple trade mark glass is made and supply now, for production brings uncertainty; 2) glass through kovar alloy 4J29 and 5.0 medical glass or CN1657460A carries out direct matched seal; Even the glass of 5.0 medical glass or CN1657460A is superior to the sealing characteristic property of borosilicate 3.3 glass really; But its sealing-in compactness and sealing strength yet are not fine; Such strain point of glass is too high in addition, is higher than the Curie-point temperature (being about 430 ℃) of kovar alloy, causes the sealing-in position when annealing, to still have big stress to be difficult to eliminate; Under the hot alternating temperature-changing action condition environment of photo-thermal power generation, still can not still fail to obtain best applicability effect reliably.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, a kind of glass-to-metal seal structure is provided, and this structure is specially adapted to technical fields such as slot type photo-thermal power generation, high power valve, X-ray tube.This structure comprises kovar alloy circle (4), is coated on transitional glass on the kovar alloy circle (5), with transitional glass through axially with the Glass tubing that radially links to each other (5), realize being connected to each other through sealing by fusing technology between the three, the sealing strength height, resistance to air loss is good.
The present invention is through discover in a large number: can with the glass material of the effective matched seal of kovar alloy 4J29, be difficult to satisfy a series of performance requriementss such as the mechanical property (HS, bend resistance), thermal shock resistance, chemicalstability, transmittance of slot type photo-thermal power generation, high power valve, X-ray tube, anti-tanning by the sun property.And satisfy the glass of mechanical property (HS, bend resistance), thermal shock resistance, chemicalstability, transmittance, anti-tanning by the sun property, often the wetting resistance to air loss requirement in sealing strength and interface is bad again.
The object of the invention is, a kind of metal-glass sealing structure is provided, and this metal is relatively stable kovar alloy under a kind of hot conditions (the metal trade mark of China is 4J29); Chemical constitution is (wt%): Ni 28-30; Co 16-18, C≤0.05, surplus is Fe.50-450 ℃ of scope, average coefficient of linear expansion (4.7-5.3) * 10
-6/ ℃.This structure comprises kovar alloy circle (4), transitional glass 5, Glass tubing 6.As bridge and tie between Glass tubing 6 and the kovar alloy circle (4), realize better connection each other through transitional glass 5.Transitional glass 5 satisfies the sealing characteristic requirement; Transitional glass length is between the 5-25mm; Glass tubing 6 satisfies mechanical property (HS, bend resistance), thermal shock resistance, chemicalstability, transmittance, anti-tanning by the sun property requirement; Kovar alloy circle 4 one ends connect transitional glass 5, and the expansion of metal of materials such as other end connection stainless steel saves, and is used to alleviate the metal tube expanded by heating of high-temperature heat-collection pipe.
In order to make the matched seal between kovar alloy circle 4, transitional glass 5, the Glass tubing 6, it is close to require three's average coefficient of linear expansion to require, and numerical value differs maximum≤0.6 * 10 each other
-6/ ℃, it is characterized in that: Glass tubing 6 coefficients of expansion>=transitional glass 5 coefficients of expansion>=kovar alloy circle 4 coefficients of expansion.
Structural relation between kovar alloy circle 4, transitional glass 5, Glass tubing 6 threes is to be the basis with kovar alloy circle 4; At first; Transitional glass 5 links to each other with kovar alloy circle 4 one ends, adopts the sealing by fusing mode, comprises two kinds of flame sealing by fusing or high frequency sealings by fusing; Then, at transitional glass 5 surface or end sealing glass pipes 6.
Kovar alloy circle 4 adopts monolateral sealing or bilateral sealing with transitional glass 5 sealing-in forms.
Kovar alloy circle 4 adopts commercially available punching press of kovar alloy sheet or the roll-in of kovar alloy pipe to form, and chemical constitution is (wt%): Ni 28-30, and Co 16-18, C≤0.05, surplus is Fe.50-450 ℃ of scope, average coefficient of linear expansion (4.7-5.3) * 10
-6/ ℃, kovar alloy circle thickness range 0.5-1.5mm, length 20-50mm, diameter 114-130mm.
Glass tubing 6 is 50-300 ℃ of scope, average coefficient of linear expansion (4.9-5.5) * 10
-6/ ℃, thickness range 1.5-3.5mm, with the better sealing by fusing of transitional glass, intensity is good, transition point≤550 ℃, chemicalstability is good, water-fastly, acidproof, alkaline-resisting is 1 grade, Young's modulus>=68MPa, thermal shock resistance>=200 ℃, chemical constitution (wt%) characteristics: B
2O
36.0-10.5, Al
2O
33-8, Na
2O+K
2O+Li
2O 5-8, ZrO
20.01-1.0, alkaline earth metal oxide≤3.0, SiO
268-75, Fe
2O
3≤150PPm, less iron level in the glass can guarantee that the solar spectrum transmitance is high.Resist and tan by the sun the spectrum transmitting rate variance less than 0.3%, anti-tanning by the sun property evaluation method is made 1mm thickness glass Double sided mirror mirror polish; Before the uviolizing, the test spectral transmittance is 80% o'clock a wavelength, is positioned over power 40W then; 200mm place under the predominant wavelength 254nm uv lamp, irradiation 120min, the wavelength location before test is measured its transmitance once more then; T is more little for Δ, and promptly anti-the tanning by the sun property of glass is good more.
Find in the application time in 30 years that in the whole world vacuum failure and sealing-in position that having leaks air more than 20% causes thermal-collecting tube are damaged.Adopted the vacuum failure and the sealing-in position breakage rate of thermal-collecting tube of the present invention will be less than 2%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) transitional glass-Glass tubing axially connects.
Fig. 1 (b) transitional glass-Glass tubing radially connects.
Sequence number
The 1-metal tube
The 2-end cap
The 3-expansion joint
4-kovar alloy circle
The 5-transitional glass
The 6-Glass tubing
7-1,7-2,7-3 –-weld
Embodiment
A kind of glass-to-metal seal structure of high-temperature heat-collection pipe is characterized in that: comprise kovar alloy circle 4, transitional glass 5, Glass tubing 6; Kovar alloy circle 4 one ends connect transitional glass 5, on transitional glass 5 surfaces, connect Glass tubing 6 then.Glass tubing 6 and transitional glass 5 axial sealing-in or radially sealing-ins.
At first, the kovar alloy circle 4J29 that dimensions requires is satisfied in preparation, and (hereinafter to be referred as kovar alloy), transitional glass 5, Glass tubing 6 carry out annealing in hydrogen atmosphere and oxide treatment with kovar alloy circle 4 by ordinary method, oxidated layer thickness 0.5-1.5 micron; Secondly, just kovar alloy circle 4 is inserted in the flame lathe drive end chuck, adjusts its concentricity, and the Partner clamping is with the transitional glass pipe of diameter; Moreover light arc heating nozzles, move nozzles adjustment flame, heating kovar alloy circle 4 sealing-in positions, treat red heat after; Transitional glass pipe 5 is moved nearly flame, make its red heat softening, when temperature reaches 950-1050 ℃; 5 sealing-ins of transitional glass pipe on kovar alloy circle 4 end faces, are sealed length 3-5mm, seal transitional glass 5 thickness 0.3-0.8mm; At last, Glass tubing 6 one ends and transitional glass one end or upper surface are carried out sealing-in, form each other and directly radially or axially connect.
Claims (6)
1. the glass-to-metal seal structure of a high-temperature heat-collection pipe is characterized in that: comprise kovar alloy circle (4), transitional glass (5), Glass tubing (6); Kovar alloy circle (4) one ends connect transitional glass (5), on transitional glass (5) surface, connect Glass tubing (6) then.Glass tubing (6) and transitional glass (5) through axial sealing-in or radially sealing-in link together.
2. according to the glass-to-metal seal structure of the said a kind of high-temperature heat-collection pipe of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the average coefficient of linear expansion of kovar alloy circle (4), transitional glass (5), Glass tubing (6) wants numerical value to differ maximum≤0.6 * 10
-6/ ℃, and Glass tubing (6) coefficient of expansion>=transitional glass (5) coefficient of expansion>=kovar alloy circle coefficient of expansion.
3. according to the glass-to-metal seal structure of the said a kind of high-temperature heat-collection pipe of claim 1; It is characterized in that: adopt mode of connection to carry out ways of connecting between Glass tubing (6) and the transitional glass (5), between transitional glass (5) and the kovar alloy circle (4), use and adopt flame heating or ratio-frequency heating for sealing by fusing technology.
4. according to the glass-to-metal seal structure of the said a kind of high-temperature heat-collection pipe of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described kovar alloy circle (4), 50-450 ℃ of scope, average coefficient of linear expansion (4.7-5.3) * 10
-6/ ℃, thickness range 0.5-1.5mm, chemical constitution is for be by weight percentage: Ni 28-30, Co 16-18, C≤0.05, surplus is Fe.
5. according to the glass-to-metal seal structure of the said a kind of high-temperature heat-collection pipe of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described transitional glass (5) is characterized in that: 50-300 ℃ of scope, and average coefficient of linear expansion (4.8-5.2) * 10
-6/ ℃, transition point≤510 ℃, chemical constitution (wt%) characteristics: B
2O
314.5-24, Al
2O
31-3, Na
2O+K
2O+Li
2O 6-8, bivalent metal oxide≤5.0, SiO
266-70, Fe
2O
3≤200PPm.
6. according to the glass-to-metal seal structure of the said a kind of high-temperature heat-collection pipe of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Glass tubing (6) is characterized in that: 50-300 ℃ of scope, and average coefficient of linear expansion (4.9-5.5) * 10
-6/ ℃, thickness range 1.5-3.5mm, transition point≤550 ℃, chemicalstability is good, water-fastly, acidproof, alkaline-resisting is 1 grade, Young's modulus>=68MPa, thermal shock resistance>=200 ℃, chemical constitution (wt%) characteristics: B
2O
36.0-10.5, Al
2O
33-8, Na
2O+K
2O+Li
2O 5-8, ZrO
20.01-1.0, alkaline earth metal oxide≤3.0, SiO
268-75, Fe
2O
3≤150PPm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012103784948A CN102838292A (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2012-10-08 | Glass-metal sealing structure of high-temperature collector tube |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012103784948A CN102838292A (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2012-10-08 | Glass-metal sealing structure of high-temperature collector tube |
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| CN102838292A true CN102838292A (en) | 2012-12-26 |
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| CN2012103784948A Pending CN102838292A (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2012-10-08 | Glass-metal sealing structure of high-temperature collector tube |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103408220A (en) * | 2013-07-13 | 2013-11-27 | 北京工业大学 | Trench type photo-thermal utilization high-temperature heat collection pipe end head sealing structure |
| CN108529902A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-14 | 内蒙古旭宸能源有限公司 | Solar energy heat collection pipe can cut down the method for sealing with glass |
| CN109273335A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-25 | 汕头高新区聚德医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of metal and glass sealing process of CT bulb |
| CN114163144A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-11 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Metal tube-quartz glass tube connecting structure and method |
| CN115974412A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-18 | 北京玻璃研究院有限公司 | Glass for sealing sapphire and kovar alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101602579A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-16 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | The heat-sealable technology of metal-glass type solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe |
| CN101798184A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2010-08-11 | 北京天瑞星真空技术开发有限公司 | Sealing connection method of metal and glass of novel medium-high temperature solar energy heat collection pipe |
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2012
- 2012-10-08 CN CN2012103784948A patent/CN102838292A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101602579A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2009-12-16 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | The heat-sealable technology of metal-glass type solar vacuum heat-collecting pipe |
| CN101798184A (en) * | 2010-02-26 | 2010-08-11 | 北京天瑞星真空技术开发有限公司 | Sealing connection method of metal and glass of novel medium-high temperature solar energy heat collection pipe |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103408220A (en) * | 2013-07-13 | 2013-11-27 | 北京工业大学 | Trench type photo-thermal utilization high-temperature heat collection pipe end head sealing structure |
| CN108529902A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-14 | 内蒙古旭宸能源有限公司 | Solar energy heat collection pipe can cut down the method for sealing with glass |
| CN109273335A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-25 | 汕头高新区聚德医疗科技有限公司 | A kind of metal and glass sealing process of CT bulb |
| CN115974412A (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-04-18 | 北京玻璃研究院有限公司 | Glass for sealing sapphire and kovar alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114163144A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-11 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Metal tube-quartz glass tube connecting structure and method |
| CN114163144B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-11-24 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Metal tube-quartz glass tube connection structure and method |
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Application publication date: 20121226 |