CN1028336C - Charge device of battery and charging control method - Google Patents
Charge device of battery and charging control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1028336C CN1028336C CN 92104349 CN92104349A CN1028336C CN 1028336 C CN1028336 C CN 1028336C CN 92104349 CN92104349 CN 92104349 CN 92104349 A CN92104349 A CN 92104349A CN 1028336 C CN1028336 C CN 1028336C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a charge device of a battery and a charge control method. The charge device is mainly composed of a DC power supply, a current limiter, a power supply control switch and a charge control unit, wherein the charge control unit is composed of a battery voltage detecting circuit, a no-load detecting circuit, a maximum voltage memory circuit, a proportional voltage divider, a comparator and a pulse generator. Thus, the charge control unit is characterized in that voltage value when the battery is charged can be divided according to an appreciable proportion. Then, the divided voltage with the proportion is compared with voltage value when the battery stops to be charged. When the voltage value when the battery stops to be charged is less than the divided voltage with the proportion of the voltage value when the battery is charged, the battery stops to be charged by a power supply control unit.
Description
The present invention is about a kind of battery charger and charge control method, particularly a kind ofly can adapt to the battery charger that battery that various charge volumes vary in size uses.
Charger is a kind of quite high article of chance that use in the environment of living electric apparatusization now.Electrical appliances such as some electric savers, walkman, electric tool are many because of the chance of using whenever and wherever possible, normally provide electric power with NI-G formula lead-acid battery, for easy to use and saving, the consumer uses chargeable battery mostly, is equipped with articles for use so charger is a more and more general electrical equipment.The kind of charger and charging control mode are very many before, and the voltage characteristic of charging does not have certain standard especially.For example the constant current type charge power supply adopts the quick charge mode, and charger no current selection function, when run into place for a long time or over-discharge can or weather too cold, and unsuitable big electric current ground often damages or misoperation battery during to the situation of battery charge.If adopt and decide electric current 0.1C or constant-voltage charge mode, though battery can be full of electricity, also do not have more significantly destruction, but the charging interval is very long, so the result of battery charge has plenty of the charge volume deficiency, cause battery can not bring into play its due function; Having plenty of charges by force causes battery hot, though the charge volume of battery is enough, and waste electric power and influential greatly to the life-span of battery.
Therefore, be necessary to provide a kind of self-adjustable battery charger that can be applicable to that the battery that requires charging current to vary in size uses, reducing battery when the charging, because of undercharge or too damage the chance of battery life.
Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery charge that can make to suitably saturated, and guarantees the battery battery charger and the charge control method in useful life.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of battery that can make under the situation of many unsuitable large current charges, can turn down charging current automatically, and when battery can be accepted than large current charge, can improve charging current automatically, to save the charging interval and battery is made battery charger and the charge control method that optimum is charged.
The control method of a kind of battery charger of the present invention comprises following steps: the dividing potential drop of a proper proportion is remembered and produced to the maximum voltage value during with battery charge, magnitude of voltage when this ratio branch pressure voltage is stopped to charge with battery is compared, the magnitude of voltage that stops to charge when battery makes DC power supply stop battery being charged during less than the ratio branch pressure voltage.
A kind of battery charger of the present invention comprises DC power supply, flow restricter, power control switch and charging control unit, and described charging control unit comprises: in order to detect the cell voltage detecting circuit of cell voltage; In order to according to voltage detection circuit detect voltage judge charging device whether load the no load detection circuit of battery is arranged; In order to when the charging device load has battery, the ceiling voltage memory circuit of memory charging voltage peak; Utilize described peak to produce the ratio voltage divider of a proper proportion dividing potential drop; Press and produce the comparator of an output signal in order to more described dividing potential drop and battery; And in conjunction with the keying of the described power control switch of output Sustainable Control of described comparator, thereby the pulse generator whether control charges.
For technology and the device of realizing above-mentioned purpose, now enumerate preferred embodiment and cooperate diagram, after being described in more detail in, wherein diagram is respectively:
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of a preferred embodiment of battery charger of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the charging curve of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of charging control unit in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of charging control unit in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of power-supply unit in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of charging control unit in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7-the 1st, the circuit diagram of charging control unit in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7-the 2nd, the detailed circuit diagram of voltage memory circuit in the circuit diagram shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 8 is a kind of block diagram of charging control unit in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a kind of circuit diagram of charging control unit in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment charging curve of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the block diagram of battery charger in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the circuit structure block diagram of battery charger in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 13-1 is respectively each part circuit diagram of battery charger in another preferred embodiment of the present invention to 13-2.
At first see also the block diagram of a preferred embodiment of battery charger of the present invention shown in Figure 1, as seen from the figure, battery charger of the present invention is basically by DC power supply 11, flow restricter or decide the power supply unit 1 that electric current device 12, power control switch 13 form and formed with charging control unit 2.Wherein, via the keying of charging control unit 2 controllable current control switchs 13, with the charging of control to battery 3.Shown in Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the charging curve of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.The control principle of charging control unit 2 mainly is that maximum voltage value (V1) memory during with battery 3 charging is got up and produced a proper proportion dividing potential drop (V2), magnitude of voltage (Voff) when this dividing potential drop stops to charge with battery 3 is again compared, if the magnitude of voltage that battery 3 stops to charge (Voff) is less than ratio dividing potential drop (V2), then charging control unit 2 just makes power supply unit stop battery 3 is charged.
Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4 be respectively the block diagram and the circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of charging control unit of the present invention.According to aforementioned control method, charging control unit 2 of the present invention is formed by cell voltage detecting circuit 21, no load detection circuit 22, ceiling voltage memory circuit 23, ratio voltage divider 24, comparator 25, pulse generator 26 and with 27 at door (AND gate).As shown in Figure 4, cell voltage detecting circuit 21 is made of electric capacity, resistance, can obtain the voltage of battery 3 at any time, and this magnitude of voltage is delivered to floating voltage testing circuit 22, to detect charging device whether cell load is arranged.No load detection circuit 22 mainly is made of operational amplifier, diode and Zener diode.Utilize Zener diode can produce a fixed voltage value from charging voltage, be used for comparing with the aforementioned electric cell voltage, if cell voltage is greater than the fixing magnitude of voltage of Zener diode, then operational amplifier is exported high potential, diode can't conducting, thereby does not influence the action of ceiling voltage memory circuit 23.In ceiling voltage memory circuit 23, utilize capacitor stores battery charging voltage value, and utilize operational amplifier at any time cell voltage and this memory voltage to be made comparisons, if cell voltage is greater than memory voltage then operational amplifier output high potential makes the capacitor charging; Opposite, if cell voltage is less than memory voltage then capacitor keeps the ceiling voltage memory value.
Described ceiling voltage memory value (V1) is delivered to and is imposed the dividing potential drop of proper proportion in the ratio voltage divider 24 and obtain a branch pressure voltage (V2).The dividing potential drop scale of this ratio voltage divider 24 is decided by divider resistance.The ratio dividing potential drop (V2) of the highest aforementioned memory voltage (V1) will be made comparisons with cell voltage (Voff) in comparator 25, if cell voltage (Voff) greater than described ratio dividing potential drop (V2), then comparator 25 is output as high potential.In addition, pulse generator 26 is output pulse signal simultaneously, and the output signal of pulse wave signal and comparator 25 is sent into and door 27 simultaneously, when pulse signal is high level and comparator 25 when being output as high level, is output as high level with door 27, the confession transistor turns.So the output terminals A output low level of charging control unit 2, power supply unit 1 promptly charges to battery 3; Opposite, when pulse signal is low level, even comparator 25 is output as high level, with the output of door 27 still be low level, and make that transistor can't conducting, so charging control unit 2 is output as high level, power supply unit 1 will not charge to battery 3.By top explanation as can be known, utilize the high and low level control of pulse signal, can make battery that charging is arranged and do not charge two kinds of situations, so the voltage (Voff) of the voltage (V1) when battery has charging when not charging produces.How to control 3 chargings of 1 pair of battery of power supply unit as for charging control unit 2, further instruction is below arranged.
Shown in Figure 5 is the circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of power supply unit 1 of the present invention.As shown in the figure, when the output terminals A of charging control unit 2 was low level, the relay 11 in the power control switch 13 was with conducting, so will charge to battery 3 through the DC power supply of over commutation, the time of this section charging is the time that pulse signal is a high level.Because when pulse signal is a high level when becoming low level, the output terminals A of charging control unit 2 becomes high level by low level simultaneously, and makes relay 11 by tripping, so DC power supply is no longer charged to battery 3.
So situation is heavily covered again and again, control by pulse signal makes the charging voltage of battery 3 that two kinds of variations be arranged, a kind of is the charging voltage (Von V1) of pulse signal when being high level, another kind of then be that pulse signal stops charging voltage (Voff) when being low level.Please cooperate again consult shown in Figure 2, when battery 3 is not charged to when saturated, the charging voltage of battery 3 (V1) is a voltage that constantly rises, and the voltage that battery 3 stops to charge (Voff) also is a voltage that constantly rises, but it is uncharged to full when closing state at battery 3, battery stops charging voltage (Voff) less than charging voltage (V1), and greater than the ratio dividing potential drop (V2) of battery charging voltage (V1).Therefore, will continue the charging voltage (V1) of storing memory battery 3 at the ceiling voltage memory circuit 23 of charging control unit 2, and in comparator 25, the voltage (Voff) that then will continue to stop to charge with battery 3 is compared with ratio dividing potential drop (V2).When battery 3 charges near full fashionablely, the voltage that battery 3 stops to charge (Voff) will be less than ratio dividing potential drop (V2), so the output of comparator 25 can stop to battery 3 chargings power supply unit 1 by charging control unit 2.Wherein, the saturated degree of battery 3 charging to scale dividing potential drop (V2) ratio and decide, the opinion with general operating position, this ratio dividing potential drop (V2) is about 0.9 times of battery charging voltage (V1).But, also visual battery and situation are suitably adjusted this ratio.
In charging and the voltage that does not charge (V1 and Voff) and method that whether both are compared and battery 3 is charged to control, can make battery 3 charge to suitable saturation capacity by sampling battery 3.Certainly, in the circuit design of power supply unit 1, can suitably set up indicator light, allow the user understand that easily battery 3 ties up in the charging or stopping charged state.Because these are designed to known simple technique, are not further described at this.
Shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7-1 and Fig. 7-2 another block diagram and the circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention charging control unit.Utilize above-mentioned same control method, charging control unit 2 of the present invention ' also can be designed to comparator 25 ' output receive pulse generator 26 ' input, the circuit structure that makes charging control unit 2 is with aforementioned different, shown in Fig. 7-1, charging control unit 2 ' by cell voltage detecting circuit 21 ', no load detection circuit 22 ', ceiling voltage memory circuit 23 ', ratio voltage divider 24 ', comparator 25 ' and pulse generator 26 ', institute forms.Wherein, the operating principle of each circuit and shown in Figure 4 roughly the same.Difference is shown in Fig. 7-2: ceiling voltage memory circuit 23 ' be made of oscillating circuit, counter and operational amplifier.Wherein, utilizing oscillating circuit to produce pulse constantly up counts counter, operational amplifier is then compared count results with cell voltage, if less than cell voltage then make oscillator continue the output pulse to allow counter up count, if count results is greater than cell voltage, then the operational amplifier output low level makes the oscillating circuit failure of oscillations, so counter stops counting, and this count results is exported as ceiling voltage (V1).Afterwards, similarly, the ceiling voltage of this battery charge (V1) will be through ratio voltage divider 24 ' and produce the dividing potential drop (V2) of a proper proportion, this dividing potential drop deliver to again comparator 25 ' with cell voltage (Voff) relatively.If cell voltage (Voff) is greater than ratio dividing potential drop (V2), comparator 25 ' be output as low level then.Make the transistor can't conducting, then pulse generator 26 ' the charge-discharge circuit that resistance, electric capacity constituted produce suitable pulse output.Pulse signal will make charging control unit 2 ' output terminals A produce high level or low level.This high and low level will make power supply unit 1(as shown in Figure 5) battery is charged or do not charge.Variation along with the high and low level of pulse signal.Heavily cover aforesaid control procedure, the voltage (Voff) that stops to charge up to battery is less than the dividing potential drop (V2) of battery charging voltage (V1), then comparator 25 ' output become high level, make transistor turns and allow power-supply unit 1 ' stop battery being charged.
Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9 be another block diagram and the circuit diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention charging control unit.Control principle that Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 had and manner of execution and Fig. 6 and Fig. 7-1 is disclosed roughly the same, no longer adds to describe in detail in this.Only difference is: the charging control unit of Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 more includes (reset) controller 29 that resets.This controller is to charge and discharge circuit by a resistance capacitance (RC) to be constituted basically, and this RC charges and discharge circuit and accepts pulse generator 26 " control, its output then is connected to no load detection circuit 22 " inputs." output (be A end) when becoming to low level by high level, make ceiling voltage memory circuit 23 " resets when pulse generator 26, so the ceiling voltage of being remembered is eliminated.Then, " be output as between high period ceiling voltage memory circuit 23 " at pulse generator 26 and recover action normally, the ceiling voltage when remembering battery charge again.
Embodiment noted earlier is the charging of battery being made threshold currents or constant current type, and the present invention is also extendible for adjusting the design of the electric current that battery is charged automatically, to be applicable to the battery of different charging current specifications.Consult the schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment charging curve of the present invention shown in Figure 10, the operating principle of present embodiment is the dividing potential drop (V1, V2) that the voltage (Von) during with battery charge is divided into high and low ratio, and then the voltage (Voff) that this ratio dividing potential drop and battery are stopped to charge is compared.If the voltage that battery stops to charge (Voff) is greater than dividing potential drop (V1) at high proportion then charging device will have big charging current.If the voltage that battery stops to charge (Voff) is less than dividing potential drop (V1) at high proportion, then charging device will reduce charging current, and the voltage (Voff) that makes battery stop to charge continues to maintain between the high and low ratio dividing potential drop (V1, V2).Just stop when setting specification up to charging current battery charge.
According to aforesaid control principle, consult another preferred embodiment block diagram of the present invention shown in Figure 11.As shown in the figure, the charging device of present embodiment substantially by charge controller 3, pulse generator 4, state controller 5, decide current controller 6, state-of-charge indicator 60, voltage control and decide electric current device 7, cut off controller 8, charging indicator light 71 and power supply 72 and formed.Can derive as shown in figure 12 battery charger circuit structure block diagram according to Figure 11 and above-mentioned principle.Below just Figure 12 illustrate that the present invention uses another preferred embodiment under the above-mentioned principle.Figure 13-1 is the detailed circuit diagram of block diagram shown in Figure 12 to Figure 13-3.As figure shows, the charge controller 3 of Figure 12 embodiment is the charging control unit of previous embodiment, unique difference is: the charge controller 3 of present embodiment has two groups of ratio voltage dividers 31 and comparator 32, impose height in order to the ceiling voltage (Von) that will be write down in the ceiling voltage memory 33, dividing potential drop (the V1 of low two kinds of ratios, V2), and the voltage (Voff) when both and battery 10 stopped to charge is made comparisons, the comparative result of comparator 32 is delivered to state controller 5, the pulse signal that cooperates pulse generator 4 makes respectively and decides the voltage output value that current controller 6 produces suitable size.
In the present embodiment, deciding current controller 6 is by counter 61, D/A (D/A) 62 and filter 63 are constituted up and down.Wherein, upper and lower counter 61 will up or down be counted according to the comparative result of comparator 32 and the control signal decision of state controller 5.If the voltage that battery 10 stops to charge (Voff) greater than dividing potential drop (V1) at high proportion upper and lower counter 61 up count.If the voltage that battery 10 stops to charge (Voff) is less than dividing potential drop (V1) at high proportion, then upper and lower counter 61 is down counted.The count results of upper and lower counter 61 produces a voltage signal output through D/A 62, so that voltage control is decided electric current device 7 suitable charging current of input generation via power supply 72.If counter 61 is down counted, expression increases the charging current that battery 10 is charged, if counter 61 is down counted, expression reduces the charging current that battery 10 is charged.Deciding current controller 6 output appropriate voltage values, and when making voltage control decide electric current device 7 with suitable charging current battery 10 to be charged, state-of-charge indicator 60 can show that the class user of charging current understands the size of charging current according to the count results of upper and lower counter 61.
When deciding electric current device 7 and battery 10 is charged, cut off controller 8 and judge at any time also whether the state of charging will end with the electric current of suitable size along with voltage control.In the present embodiment, cutting off controller 8 is made of minimum voltage calibration device 81, timer 82 and comparator 83.The purpose that is provided with of timer 82 is to make battery 10 must carry out the charging of one period set time, causes the misoperation of charge controller 3 with the moment labile state of prevention battery 10 when beginning to charge.The calibration value of minimum voltage calibration device 81 can be set at the 0.1C or the specified charging current of battery 10, when the output of deciding current controller 6 (count results of upper and lower counter 61) made charging current drop to 0.1 or specified charging current less than battery 10, then the output military order voltage control of comparator 83 was decided electric current device 7 and is stopped battery 10 is charged.
Cut off controller 8 and also can utilize other means to reach by the purpose of charging, as the charging interval setting, owing to be prior art or simpler, so no longer with the specific embodiment explanation.By above explanation as can be known, present embodiment can be at any time according to the suitable charging current of the charge condition adjustment of battery, up to battery charge till the saturation condition.Therefore the rechargeable battery of various different sizes all can utilize the present invention to reach the purpose of charging, and does not have the too big and situation that battery is damaged of undercharge or charging current.
By above explanation as can be known, design of the present invention has following characteristics and effect:
(1) can control the charge volume of battery automatically: as long as suitably set the dividing potential drop ratio, the charge volume that charging control unit then of the present invention can the Sustainable Control battery make it reach certain saturation value, and this saturation value is not subject to the charging amount influence of battery.In addition, design of the present invention all can be adjusted its charging amount automatically, makes it charge to certain saturation capacity, and does not have undercharge or overcharged situation generation.
(2) can adjust charging current automatically: as can be known by the design of second embodiment of the invention, the present invention also can adjust the size of charging current automatically, battery is done optimum charging, especially for the battery with different charging current specifications, the present invention is applicable.
(3) can guarantee useful life of battery: because charge control method of the present invention and structural design can not make battery have undercharge or overcharged situation to take place, but make battery charge to certain saturation capacity, so, battery is damaged to some extent because of charging, thus the useful life that can guarantee rechargeable battery for a long time.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of control method of battery charger is characterized in that comprising following steps: the dividing potential drop of a proper proportion is remembered and produced to the maximum voltage value during with battery charge; Magnitude of voltage when described ratio branch pressure voltage is stopped to charge with battery is compared; If the magnitude of voltage that battery stops to charge less than the ratio branch pressure voltage, then makes power supply stop battery being charged.
2, a kind of battery charger comprises DC power supply, flow restricter, power control switch and charging control unit, it is characterized in that described charging control unit comprises:
In order to detect the cell voltage detecting circuit of cell voltage;
In order to according to voltage detection circuit detect voltage judge charging device whether load the no load detection circuit of battery is arranged;
In order to when the charging device load has battery, the ceiling voltage memory circuit of the peak of memory charging voltage;
In order to utilize described charging voltage peak to produce the ratio voltage divider of a proper proportion branch pressure voltage;
In order to more described branch pressure voltage and cell voltage and produce the comparator of an output signal; And
In order to keying in conjunction with the described power control switch of output Sustainable Control of described comparator, thus the pulse generator whether control charges.
3, according to the described battery charger of claim 2, it is characterized in that described charging control unit comprises one and door, this and door receive the output signal of comparator and pulse generator, and when described two signals were high level, power control unit charged to battery.
4, according to the described battery charger of claim 2, it is characterized in that including one and charge and discharge the reset controller that circuit constitutes by resistance capacitance, reset controller is accepted the control of pulse generator, and output is connected to the input of no load detection circuit; When the level output of pulse generator made charging device charge to battery, described reset controller promptly produces one allowed no load detection circuit be output as low level reset signal, makes the ceiling voltage memory can remember maximum voltage value next time again.
5, according to the described battery charger of claim 2, it is characterized in that described charging control unit comprises two groups of ratio voltage dividers and comparator, and the output of comparator according to the state controller that is linked in sequence, decide current controller, state-of-charge indicator, voltage control and decide electric current device and cut-out controller, in order to automatic adjustment charging current.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92104349 CN1028336C (en) | 1992-06-11 | 1992-06-11 | Charge device of battery and charging control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92104349 CN1028336C (en) | 1992-06-11 | 1992-06-11 | Charge device of battery and charging control method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1079847A CN1079847A (en) | 1993-12-22 |
| CN1028336C true CN1028336C (en) | 1995-05-03 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92104349 Expired - Fee Related CN1028336C (en) | 1992-06-11 | 1992-06-11 | Charge device of battery and charging control method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1028336C (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR960027134A (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-07-22 | 김광호 | Charging device having a recharge prevention function of a full charge battery and its control method |
| CN102104268A (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-22 | 晨星软件研发(深圳)有限公司 | Charging circuit for handheld device and related control circuit thereof |
| TWI496504B (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2015-08-11 | Unity Opto Technology Co Ltd | Variable power dimming control circuit |
| CN103872733B (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2016-05-25 | 何岳明 | A kind of charged state indicating circuit of lithium battery group |
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1992
- 1992-06-11 CN CN 92104349 patent/CN1028336C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1079847A (en) | 1993-12-22 |
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