CN102832680A - Thing machine adopting supercapacitor as energy storage medium - Google Patents
Thing machine adopting supercapacitor as energy storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN102832680A CN102832680A CN2012103764592A CN201210376459A CN102832680A CN 102832680 A CN102832680 A CN 102832680A CN 2012103764592 A CN2012103764592 A CN 2012103764592A CN 201210376459 A CN201210376459 A CN 201210376459A CN 102832680 A CN102832680 A CN 102832680A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thing machine adopting a supercapacitor as an energy storage medium. The thing machine is characterized in that a power system supplies power to a microprocessor, a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) module, a 485 module, a Zigbee module, a WIFI module and a triode isolating module; the UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter), the control signal and the status signal of the GSM module are connected with one edge of the triode isolating module; the other edge of the triode isolating module is connected with the UART, the control signal and the status signal of the microprocessor; signal level matching between the GSM module and the microprocessor is solved by the triode isolating circuit; the microprocessor masters the operating condition of the GSM module by monitoring the status signal of the GSM module, and once communication abnormality of the GSM module is found, the processing is carried out in time by the control signal, including implementation of cold start for the GSM module; and the microprocessor is in UART and control signal connection with the 485 module, the Zigbee module and the WIFI module.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the intelligent device in the Internet of Things, be specifically related to a kind of super capacitor that adopts and substitute the thing machine of lithium battery as energy-accumulating medium.
Background technology
" Internet of Things notion " is on the basis of " the Internet notion ", and its user side is extended and expands between any article and the article, carries out information exchange and a kind of network concept of communicating by letter, information mutual communication between realization people and thing, thing and the thing.Be provided to transducer on the various real-world objects and make it have wisdom, the wisdom object is through perception self of operation for embedded system specific program and external information, and perception is the process that people and thing, thing and thing carry out information mutual communication.
The wisdom object uses connection of intelligent terminals such as RS422/485 bus, fieldbus, CAN bus, ZigBee technology to be built into an intelligentized local thing contact system; Get in touch the corresponding internet interface of putting under unified central planning for the local thing; Be connected on the Internet, just realize the expansion of the Internet to Internet of Things.
Mobile network's fast development is applicable to that portable terminal-cellphone subscriber of people is developed rapidly, and the function of mobile phone is in continuous enhancing, moves interconnectedly to be popularized, and current people have be unable to do without mobile phone.The appearance of wisdom object; Must need to use a kind of mobile terminal device-thing machine that the wisdom object uses that is appropriate to; The object that the maximum difference of thing machine and mobile phone is to use, causing the thing machine can not be the battery that the thing machine uses as one of fast-developing bottleneck of mobile phone.
The thing machine is to utilize the GSM network, is core with the gsm module, and configuration MCU, communication interface and power supply etc. are applied to the mobile communication terminal device of real-world object, though the thing machine is a mobile communication terminal device, it is relatively-stationary after installing.The thing machine is the remote controlled terminal for the people, the situation of reflection telemonitoring real-world object.Power supply is the power of all surveillance equipments of real-world object or system, and therefore, the monitoring of power failure (power failure) and warning are the indispensable functions of thing machine.
The thing machine is continued to use mobile phone at first and is adopted lithium battery as energy-accumulating medium, and through the checking of practical application, it is worthless as energy-accumulating medium that the finding machine uses lithium battery.As in the city street lamp cable anti-theft alarm, using the thing machine to report to the police, it is few etc. that final because lithium battery low temperature discharges and recharges number of times inadequately, fully, makes that thing machine fault in actual application is too many, and maintenance capacity is huge; Also because the lithium battery problem has reduced the reliability of equipment, lithium battery becomes one of main bottleneck that the thing machine applies in the household safety alarm system, and main cause is:
(1) the complete impulse electricity number of times of lithium battery can only restrict the life-span of equipment about 300 times, causes the maintenance of post facility huge, to such an extent as to the equipment that hindered carries out large scale application;
(2) discharging efficiency of lithium battery and ambient temperature have much relations, can't solve the application of low temperature environment for the equipment of outdoor round-the-clock application.
Super capacitor is that developed recently is planted big capacity energy-storage travelling wave tube fast; Compare with common batteries; Have the power density height, characteristics such as the time that discharges and recharges is short, efficient is high, long service life, clean environment firendly, increasingly extensive in the application in fields such as electric automobile, new forms of energy.
To the mobile terminal device that this real-world object of thing machine uses, super capacitor can replace the energy-accumulating medium of lithium battery as the thing machine fully, the two following:
1. 5. super capacitor has ultra wide temperature applicable range, can reach-40 ℃～85 ℃ usually; And general battery is
-20℃～60℃。；
2. the super capacitor high rate during charging-discharging is superior, power density (Power Density) be tens of times of lithium ion battery with
On;
3. it is short that super capacitor discharges and recharges the time, and charging circuit is simple, need not current limliting and discharge and recharge control loop, memory-less effect.
Secondary cell is limited by charging and discharging currents, and the charging interval is long, generally need several hours to tens hours, and double electric layer capacitor does not receive charge-current limit, and quickly-chargeable can be full of in several seconds to tens seconds;
4. super capacitor has extra long life, discharges and recharges greater than 500,000 times, is 500 times of Li-Ion battery, be Ni-MH with
1000 times of Ni-Cd battery, if super capacitor is discharged and recharged 20 times every day, use can reach 68 years continuously.
Though super capacitor has many advantages, the application of super capacitor in the thing machine also exists following problem:
How to adopt super capacitor to replace lithium battery applications to the thing machine, break through because of the lithium battery limitation causes the low bottleneck of thing machine reliability in practical application, this is the direction of art technology research.
The thing machine is that mobile phone is expanded the product that is applied to the wisdom object, and it is fixedly installed on the wisdom object, with moving of wisdom object, has relatively-stationary characteristics; Be main with data communication between wisdom object and the thing machine, take into account voice and video; Because the wisdom of wisdom object is not enough, the thing machine need possess from the ability that detects GSM network, power supply, can realize selfreparing or warning to fault, realizes these functions, and energy-accumulating medium is that the thing machine is indispensable.
The energy-accumulating medium of known substance machine is a battery, and energy-accumulating medium-lithium battery that mobile phone uses is the foundation that thing machine designer continues to use.Though use the supporting device that discharges and recharges of lithium battery all very ripe on the relevant mobile phone; But because the thing machine is different with the use object of mobile phone; That is to say: the use of thing machine to as if the wisdom object, the use of mobile phone to as if the people, the wisdom of wisdom object at present also can't with the physiognomy ratio; The lithium battery that causes on the mobile phone generally using is used on the thing machine and is had serious defective, becomes the bottleneck of lifting thing machine reliability index.
Super capacitor is used for the special market between conventional electric capacity and the battery always, and along with more new discoveries of using, this special market is also in continuous growth.In data-storage applications, super capacitor is replacing battery, comprises 3.3V Memory Backup solid state hard disc (SSD), battery powered portable industry and Medical Devices, industrial alarms device and intelligent power meter.
The VBAT of gsm module adopts the single power supply of 3.4V to 4.5V in the thing machine.In some cases, bursting of signal transmission can cause electric voltage dropping, and at this moment the peak value of current loss can reach 2A, and therefore, power supply must can provide the electric current that enough arrives 2A.
Because the magnitude of voltage of super capacitor very low (below the 3V), single super capacitor can not satisfy gsm module required voltage requirement (3.4V is to 4.5V) in the thing machine, therefore, needs two super capacitors to connect and could satisfy.Because the restriction of production technology, super capacitor can't be accomplished the evenly absolute of material in manufacture process, cause the dispersiveness of each super capacitor monomer parameter.The super capacitor of two tandem workings, there is difference in voltage on the different super capacitor monomers, i.e. two kinds of unhealthy conditions of overvoltage and under voltage.Overvoltage condition will shorten the life-span of super capacitor, can blast when serious, and be in the ultracapacitor of under-voltage state, and its capacity can not make full use of, and has waste.So 2 super capacitance group of series connection to the thing machine uses must be introduced technology of pressure equalization, with the reliability and the utilance of raising super capacitor group, and the useful life of prolongation super capacitor.
A kind of simple solution is to use the Li Erte super capacitor charger scheme of insulting; LTC3226 is a noninductive super capacitor charger; Power path controller with backup; Use of the super capacitor charging of the input power supply of 2.5-5.5V, and charge to the super capacitor charging voltage able to programme of 2.5-5.3V to two joint series connection.The automatic capacitance balance of this device and voltage clamp function can keep the voltage on the two joint super capacitors to equate.But anatomize the voltage clamp circuit of LTC3226, find that it is not suitable in the thing machine, using, and mainly is:
1. to be equipped with the voltage limit be used for any super capacitor two ends be the maximum admissible of a 2.65V to the LTC3226 charge pump
The circuit of predeterminated voltage.Utilizing it to solve the thing machine, to use super capacitor be feasible as the charging of storage medium; If but totally consider from the dynamo-electric origin system of thing, because LTC3226 is a general-purpose device, for the definite application of thing machine parameter; After not only need calculating, debug through capacitance-resistance; Could confirm the peripheral circuit configuration of LTC3226, and use reasons such as the power of LDO pressurizer of LTC3226 is little can't satisfy the power demands of thing machine, not use the LDO pressurizer of LTC3226 to cause waste.
2. LTC3226's is on the high side.
Summary of the invention
To above problem the invention provides a kind of discharge and recharge the time short, efficient is high, the super capacitor of long service life, clean environment firendly is as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium.The thing machine adopts super capacitor rather than lithium battery as energy-accumulating medium, proposes to solve two joint super capacitors and is connected on the cost effective method of using in the thing machine.
To the invention provides the thing machine of a kind of super capacitor in order overcoming the above problems, to it is characterized in that: comprise power-supply system, microprocessor, gsm module, 485 modules, Zigbee module, WIFI module, triode buffer circuit as energy-accumulating medium;
Power-supply system is that microprocessor, gsm module, 485 modules, Zigbee module, WIFI module and triode isolation module provide required power supply; The UART of gsm module, control signal and status signal link to each other with one side of triode buffer circuit; The another side of triode buffer circuit links to each other with microprocessor UART, control signal and status signal; Solve signal level coupling between gsm module and the microprocessor by the triode buffer circuit; Microprocessor is grasped gsm module ruuning situation through the status signal of monitoring gsm module; Find that the gsm module communication abnormality in time handles through control signal, comprise gsm module is implemented cold start-up that the UART that adopts between microprocessor and 485 modules, Zigbee module, the WIFI module is connected with control signal.
Described power-supply system comprises power supply terminal, power adaptation module, super capacitance management module, electric voltage observation circuit, reset circuit, reduction voltage circuit, selection circuit;
External power supply is input to power adaptation module through power supply terminal, and power adaptation module is exported stable 5V to super capacitance management module, electric voltage observation circuit, reset circuit and reduction voltage circuit; The super capacitance management module is to microprocessor, triode buffer circuit and select circuit that continual constant voltage source 3.3V is provided, and satisfies gsm module and the required VBAT3.6-4.2V of triode buffer circuit through microprocessor control output; The output state of electric voltage observation circuit out-put supply adaptation module is to microprocessor; Reset circuit produces the reset signal of microprocessor according to the output of power adaptation module; Reduction voltage circuit provides constant voltage source 3.3V to selecting circuit when power adaptation module is exported; Select circuit to select continual constant voltage source 3.3V or constant voltage source 3.3V power supply as 485 modules, Zugbee module and WIFI module through microprocessor control.
Described 485 modules are made up of photoelectric isolating circuit, DC/DC buffer circuit, 485 chips, interface, 485 terminals, select the power supply of circuit output to link to each other with photoelectric isolating circuit with the input of DC/DC buffer circuit; The output of DC/DC buffer circuit links to each other with interface with photoelectric isolating circuit, 485 chips; The signal input of photoelectric isolating circuit links to each other with microprocessor, and the signal output of photoelectric isolating circuit links to each other with the signal input of 485 chips; The output of 485 chips links to each other with the input of interface; The output of interface links to each other with 485 terminals, and 485 terminals link to each other with ground.
Described super capacitance management module comprises charging circuit, balancing circuitry, super capacitor, voltage stabilizing circuit, automatic switchover module, control switch, constant voltage circuit;
5V links to each other with charging circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit and automatic switchover module, and the output of charging circuit links to each other with balancing circuitry, and the output of balancing circuitry links to each other with the automatic switchover module with super capacitor; The output of voltage stabilizing circuit links to each other with control switch, constant voltage circuit and automatic switchover module; The output VBAT of control switch is in check; The 3.3V that constant voltage circuit output is constant.
Described charging circuit is made up of E4, P3, E5 and R6, and the anode of E4 links to each other with the VCC of P3 and receives+5V, and the negative terminal of E4 is connected with ground; The FB of P3 links to each other with the E5 anode with BAT and exports 4.2V, and the end of the negative terminal of the TEMP of P3, GND, E5, R6 links to each other and receives ground, and the IR of P3 links to each other with the other end of R6.
Described balancing circuitry is made up of P6, P7, P8, P9, R13, R14, R15, R16; BAT+ is connected to the S of P7, the end of R13, the end of R14, the anode of CA; The other end of R13 is linked the VIN of P6; The OUT of P6 links the G of P7, the other end of R14, and the VSS of P6 links to each other with the D of the negative terminal of CA, P7, the S of P9, the end of R15, the anode of CB, and the other end of R15 links to each other with the VIN of P8; The OUT of P8 links the G of P9, the other end of R16, and the VSS of P8 links to each other with the D of the negative terminal of CB, P9 and is connected to ground; Super capacitor is made up of CA and CB;
Described voltage stabilizing circuit is made up of E1, P1, R1, R2, E2, C1, R3, and the anode of E1 links to each other with EN with the IN of P1 and receives+5V, and the ADJ of P1 links to each other with the end of R1, the end of R2; The end of the anode of the OUT of P1 and the other end of R2, E2, the end of C1, the R3 output 4.2V stabilized voltage power supply that links to each other, the other end of the other end of the GND of P1 and the negative terminal of E1, R1, the negative terminal of E2, C1, the other end of R3 link to each other and receive ground;
Described automatic switchover module is made up of P4 and R7, and P4 adopts nmos device IRF7416, and the G of P4 links to each other with the end of R7 and receives+5V, the other end ground connection of R7, and the S of P4 receives 4.2V, and the D of P4 receives BAT+;
Described control switch is made up of P2, R4, R5, E3; P2 adopts nmos device IRF7416, the end of the G of P2 and R5 mutually, company; The S of P2 links to each other with the end of R4 and receives 4.2V; The D of P4 links to each other with the anode of E3 and exports BATT, the negativing ending grounding of E3, and the other end of R4 and the R5 other end are connected to PCCTL;
Described constant voltage circuit is made up of R8, R9, C2, E6, P5, L, R10, C3, R11, R12, E7; P5 adopts the SP6650 configuration peripheral components of SIPEX that constant 3.3V is provided; The PVIN of P5, ILM and SHDN link to each other and the anode of E6, the end of R9, the end of R8 are connected to 4.2V; The other end of R9 links to each other with the end of C2; The other end ground connection of C2, the LX of P5 links to each other with the end of L, the end of R10, and the VOUT of the end of the other end of L and C3, the anode of E7, P5 links to each other and exports 3.3V; The other end of R10 links to each other with the end of the other end of C3, R11, and the PGND of the end of the other end of R11 and the FB of P5, R12, the negative terminal of E7, P5, the GND of P5 link to each other and receive ground.
Beneficial effect: power-supply system of the present invention is the source of the power of thing machine, and the super capacitance management module is the energy-accumulating medium of power-supply system, and after the input dead electricity of power-supply system, the thing machine relies on the energy storage of super capacitance management module to accomplish SMS alarm.Adopt super capacitance management module rather than lithium battery to carry out energy storage, make the thing machine not only be suitable for adverse circumstances, and overcome the restriction in lithium cell charging life-span.
Super capacitance management module of the present invention has the 3.3V of reserve and the VBAT (3.6-4.2V) of may command output with the 5V input voltage through conversion and energy storage output.Energy-accumulating medium uses the super capacitor of two joint 2.7V to substitute the single-unit lithium battery, overcome lithium battery as thing machine energy-accumulating medium in the defective aspect life-span and the low temperature.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart of thing machine of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the composition frame chart of super capacitance management module of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a practical implementation case diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further description.
It is as shown in Figure 1,
A kind of super capacitor is as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium, comprise power-supply system, microprocessor, gsm module, 485 modules, Zigbee module, WIFI module, triode buffer circuit;
Power-supply system is that microprocessor, gsm module, 485 modules, Zigbee module, WIFI module and triode isolation module provide required power supply.
The UART of gsm module, control signal and status signal link to each other with one side of triode buffer circuit; The another side of triode buffer circuit links to each other with microprocessor UART, control signal and status signal; Solve signal level coupling between gsm module and the microprocessor by the triode buffer circuit; Microprocessor is grasped gsm module ruuning situation through the status signal of monitoring gsm module, and discovery gsm module communication abnormality is in time handled through control signal, comprises gsm module is implemented cold start-up.
The UART that adopts between microprocessor and 485 modules, Zigbee module, the WIFI module is connected with control signal.
Described power-supply system, comprise power supply terminal, power adaptation module, super capacitance management module, electric voltage observation circuit, reset circuit, reduction voltage circuit, selection circuit;
External power supply is input to power adaptation module through power supply terminal, and power adaptation module is exported stable 5V to super capacitance management module, electric voltage observation circuit, reset circuit and reduction voltage circuit; The super capacitance management module is to microprocessor, triode buffer circuit and select circuit that continual constant voltage source (3.3V) is provided, and satisfies gsm module and the required VBAT (3.6-4.2V) of triode buffer circuit through microprocessor control output; The output state of electric voltage observation circuit out-put supply adaptation module is to microprocessor; Reset circuit produces the reset signal of microprocessor according to the output of power adaptation module; Reduction voltage circuit provides constant voltage source (3.3V) to give when power adaptation module is exported and selects circuit; Select circuit to select continual constant voltage source (3.3V) or constant voltage source (3.3V) power supply as 485 modules, Zugbee module and WIFI module through microprocessor control.
485 modules are made up of photoelectric isolating circuit, DC/DC buffer circuit, 485 chips, interface, 485 terminals, select the power supply of circuit output to link to each other with photoelectric isolating circuit with the input of DC/DC buffer circuit; The output of DC/DC buffer circuit links to each other with interface with photoelectric isolating circuit, 485 chips; The signal input of photoelectric isolating circuit links to each other with microprocessor, and the signal output of photoelectric isolating circuit links to each other with the signal input of 485 chips; The output of 485 chips links to each other with the input of interface; The output of interface links to each other with 485 terminals, and 485 terminals link to each other with ground.
Microprocessor:Microprocessor is provided by the SP6650 of SIPEX stablizes 3.3V, and the input voltage range of SP6650 is that 2.7V is to 6.5V.Microprocessor is selected STC12LE32S2 for use, and the required electric current of its battery saving mode is at 2mA.When the super capacitor power supply, the voltage of super capacitor is 3.6V behind the transmission alarming short message, and the super capacitor capacity that can be used for the microprocessor standby is: 15Fx (3.6V-2.7V)=13.5As; Therefore, the stand-by time of microprocessor is: 13.5As/2mA=13.5*1000/2=6750s=1.87H.
Like Fig. 1, shown in 2,
Described super capacitance management moduleComprise charging circuit, balancing circuitry, super capacitor, voltage stabilizing circuit, automatic switchover module, control switch, constant voltage circuit;
5V links to each other with charging circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit and automatic switchover module, and the output of charging circuit links to each other with balancing circuitry, and the output of balancing circuitry links to each other with the automatic switchover module with super capacitor; The output of voltage stabilizing circuit links to each other with control switch, constant voltage circuit and automatic switchover module; The output VBAT of control switch is in check; The 3.3V that constant voltage circuit output is constant.
Super capacitor:The calculation of capacity of the super capacitor series connection of two joint 2.7V, in order to dwindle the overall volume of thing machine, it is crucial selecting suitable super capacitor capacity.In order to guarantee that the thing machine externally relies on super capacitor energy-storage to send the SMS alarm signal after the dead electricity, sends 16 alarming short messages at most.Through testing the average time of sending 1 alarming short message be: 1.5s, be the average time of transmission continuously: 2.2s, therefore, the time of sending 16 alarming short messages is: 35.2s, thing machine required average current when the transmission note is: 250mA.35.2sX250mA=8800mAs=8.8As。The voltage range that the thing machine sends note is: 4.2V-3.6V=0.6V; The capacity of two joint serial connected super electric capacity is: 8.8As/0.6V=14.67F rounds and is 15F.Therefore, the single-unit super capacitor is chosen as 30F.
As shown in Figure 3, the main IC model of each several part is: charging circuit (CN3068), voltage stabilizing circuit (MIC29302BU), automatic switchover module and control switch (IRF7416), constant voltage circuit (SP6650), balancing circuitry (XC61CN2202MR and XP161A1355PR).
Charging circuit (CN3068):From the cost control design,, select to use ripe single-unit lithium cell charging integrated circuit according to the requirement of VBAT (3.6-4.2V).Experimental verification: homemade
500Milliampere
USBThe lithium cell charging integrated circuit of interface compatibility
CN3068Satisfy design demand fully.
CN3068 is the charger circuit that can carry out the constant current/constant voltage charging to the single-unit chargeable lithium cell.This device inside comprises power transistor, does not need outside current sense resistor and choked flow diode during application.CN3068 only needs few peripheral component, and meets the usb bus technical specification, is very suitable for the field of portable use.Hot modulation circuit can bigger perhaps ambient temperature be controlled at chip temperature in the safe range than in higher in the power consumption of device.Charging current is through a non-essential resistance setting.When the input voltage power down, CN3068 gets into the sleep pattern of low-power consumption automatically, and the current drain of battery is less than 3 microamperes at this moment.Other function comprises that input voltage is low excessively and latchs, recharges cell-temperature monitoring and charged state/functions such as charging done state indication automatically.CN3068 adopts the little outline packages of 8 pins (SOP8).
Though CN3068 has the constant voltage charge voltage and the two kinds of patterns of resistance adjustment constant voltage charge voltage that can pass through an outside of internal fixation 4.2V; But in actual use when using non-essential resistance adjustment constant voltage charge voltage; Owing to chip internal with outside temperature the reasons such as process deviation during inconsistent and chip production, possibly cause the deterioration in accuracy of output voltage and temperature coefficient to become greatly.Simultaneously, because of the need outer meeting resistance not only increases material, assembly cost, the more important thing is the difficulty that has increased debugging.Therefore, adopt the constant voltage charge voltage mode of CN3068 internal fixation 4.2V in the present invention.
Balancing circuitry (XC61CN2202MR and XP161A1355PR):
Select to adopt the super capacitor series connection of two joint 2.7V; Existing two joint 2.7V super capacitor series mould set adopt voltage comparator, NMOSFET and resistance to realize balancing circuitry; But in the selection of voltage comparator, select the comparator of 2.6V for use; Therefore, the voltage of two joint 2.7V super capacitor series mould set is 2.6x2=5.2V, is not inconsistent compound machine 4.2V.The precision of the XC61C of TOREX series high accuracy, low power consumption voltage comparator is: ± 2%, reference voltage detection from 1.6V to 6V, stepping 0.1V, operating voltage range 0.7V is to 10.0V.The index of the selection of XC61C model is calculated:
(1) voltage detecting value
Precision according to XC61C is ± 2%, and the charging voltage of CN3068 is 4.2V, that is:
The ceiling voltage of two joint serial connected super electric capacity: 4.2Vx (1+2%)=4.284V;
The minimum voltage of two joint serial connected super electric capacity: 4.2Vx (1-2%)=4.116V;
For the ceiling voltage that guarantees two joint serial connected super electric capacity reaches 4.2V, therefore, the voltage detecting value of single-unit should be 4.284V/2=2.142V.
(2) the XC61C model is confirmed
From 1.6V to 6V, stepping 0.1V confirms the model of XC61C, so we select 2.2V the most suitable according to reference voltage detection.Concrete model is: XC61CN2202MR.
XP161A1355PR is a N MOS power switch, is used with XC61CN2202MR, by the output control XP161A1355PR conducting of XC61CN2202MR, realizes the equilibrium charging of two assistant warden capacitances in series modules.
Like Fig. 2, shown in 3, practical implementation case of the present invention comprises charging circuit, balancing circuitry, super capacitor, voltage stabilizing circuit, automatic switchover module, control switch, constant voltage circuit;
Charging circuit is made up of E4, P3, E5 and R6, and the anode of E4 links to each other with the VCC of, P3 and receives+5V, and the negative terminal of E4 is connected with ground; The FB of P3 links to each other with the E5 anode with BAT and exports 4.2V, and the end of the negative terminal of the TEMP of P3, GND, E5, R6 links to each other and receives ground, and the IR of P3 links to each other with the other end of R6;
Balancing circuitry is made up of P6, P7, P8, P9, R13, R14, R15, R16; BAT+ is connected to the S of P7, the end of R13, the end of R14, the anode of CA; The other end of R13 is linked the VIN of P6; The OUT of P6 links the G of P7, the other end of R14, and the VSS of P6 links to each other with the D of the negative terminal of CA, P7, the S of P9, the end of R15, the anode of CB, and the other end of R15 links to each other with the VIN of P8; The OUT of P8 links the G of P9, the other end of R16, and the VSS of P8 links to each other with the D of the negative terminal of CB, P9 and is connected to ground; Super capacitor is made up of CA and CB;
Voltage stabilizing circuit is made up of E1, P1, R1, R2, E2, C1, R3, and the anode of E1 links to each other with EN with the IN of P1 and receives+5V, and the ADJ of P1 links to each other with the end of R1, the end of R2; The end of the anode of the OUT of P1 and the other end of R2, E2, the end of C1, the R3 output 4.2V stabilized voltage power supply that links to each other, the other end of the other end of the GND of P1 and the negative terminal of E1, R1, the negative terminal of E2, C1, the other end of R3 link to each other and receive ground;
The automatic switchover module is made up of P4 and R7, and P4 adopts nmos device IRF7416, and the G of P4 links to each other with the end of R7 and receives+5V, the other end ground connection of R7, and the S of P4 receives 4.2V, and the D of P4 receives BAT+;
Control switch is made up of P2, R4, R5, E3, and P2 adopts nmos device IRF7416, and the end of the G of P2 and R5 mutually; Connect, the S of P2 links to each other with the end of R4 and receives 4.2V, and the D of P4 links to each other with the anode of E3 and exports BATT; The negativing ending grounding of E3, the other end of R4 and the R5 other end are connected to PCCTL;
Constant voltage circuit is made up of R8, R9, C2, E6, P5, L, R10, C3, R11, R12, E7; P5 adopts the SP6650 configuration peripheral components of SIPEX that constant 3.3V is provided; The PVIN of P5, ILM and SHDN link to each other and the anode of E6, the end of R9, the end of R8 are connected to 4.2V; The other end of R9 links to each other with the end of C2; The other end ground connection of C2, the LX of P5 links to each other with the end of L, the end of R10, and the VOUT of the end of the other end of L and C3, the anode of E7, P5 links to each other and exports 3.3V; The other end of R10 links to each other with the end of the other end of C3, R11, and the PGND of the end of the other end of R11 and the FB of P5, R12, the negative terminal of E7, P5, the GND of P5 link to each other and receive ground.
The present invention possesses following advantage:
1. the present invention adopts the cellular li-ion battery charging management chip to realize the restriction to two joint super capacitor series connection voltage, according to
The requirement of gsm module VBAT input voltage range is controlled its charging voltage at 4.2V.And this charging management chip not only shipment amount is big, and price is low.
Equilibrium charging circuit when 2. the present invention adopts voltage comparator and MOSFET to realize two joint super capacitor series connection is according to thing
Machine is limited in 4.2V to two joint super capacitor series connection two ends charging voltages, and we can select to decide the comparator of voltage, and not only precision is high, and price might as well.
3. the present invention adopts MOSFET to realize that the thing machine is in the automatic switchover of selecting the power supply of power supply or super capacitor, for microprocessor provides
3.3V uninterrupted power supply is controlled the power supply that 3.6-4.2V is provided to gsm module VBAT through microprocessor, is 4.2V during the power supply power supply, is 3.6-4.2V during the super capacitor power supply.
4. the present invention adopts the purpose of microprocessor control gsm module VBAT to be: to detect gsm module unusual when microprocessor,
Warm start can not when success, following electricity that can be through control gsm module VBAT with power on, realize the cold start-up of gsm module, guarantee that the thing machine is in proper working order.
The above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not restricted to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a super capacitor is characterized in that: comprise power-supply system, microprocessor, gsm module, 485 modules, Zigbee module, WIFI module, triode buffer circuit as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium;
Power-supply system is that microprocessor, gsm module, 485 modules, Zigbee module, WIFI module and triode isolation module provide required power supply; The UART of gsm module, control signal and status signal link to each other with one side of triode buffer circuit; The another side of triode buffer circuit links to each other with microprocessor UART, control signal and status signal; Solve signal level coupling between gsm module and the microprocessor by the triode buffer circuit; Microprocessor is grasped gsm module ruuning situation through the status signal of monitoring gsm module; Find that the gsm module communication abnormality in time handles through control signal, comprise gsm module is implemented cold start-up that the UART that adopts between microprocessor and 485 modules, Zigbee module, the WIFI module is connected with control signal.
2. a kind of super capacitor according to claim 1 is characterized in that as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium: described power-supply system comprises power supply terminal, power adaptation module, super capacitance management module, electric voltage observation circuit, reset circuit, reduction voltage circuit, selection circuit;
External power supply is input to power adaptation module through power supply terminal, and power adaptation module is exported stable 5V to super capacitance management module, electric voltage observation circuit, reset circuit and reduction voltage circuit; The super capacitance management module is to microprocessor, triode buffer circuit and select circuit that continual constant voltage source 3.3V is provided, and satisfies gsm module and the required VBAT3.6-4.2V of triode buffer circuit through microprocessor control output; The output state of electric voltage observation circuit out-put supply adaptation module is to microprocessor; Reset circuit produces the reset signal of microprocessor according to the output of power adaptation module; Reduction voltage circuit provides constant voltage source 3.3V to selecting circuit when power adaptation module is exported; Select circuit to select continual constant voltage source 3.3V or constant voltage source 3.3V power supply as 485 modules, Zugbee module and WIFI module through microprocessor control.
3. a kind of super capacitor according to claim 2 is as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium; It is characterized in that: described 485 modules are made up of photoelectric isolating circuit, DC/DC buffer circuit, 485 chips, interface, 485 terminals, select the power supply of circuit output to link to each other with photoelectric isolating circuit with the input of DC/DC buffer circuit; The output of DC/DC buffer circuit links to each other with interface with photoelectric isolating circuit, 485 chips; The signal input of photoelectric isolating circuit links to each other with microprocessor, and the signal output of photoelectric isolating circuit links to each other with the signal input of 485 chips; The output of 485 chips links to each other with the input of interface; The output of interface links to each other with 485 terminals, and 485 terminals link to each other with ground.
4. a kind of super capacitor according to claim 2 is as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium; It is characterized in that: described super capacitance management module comprises charging circuit, balancing circuitry, super capacitor, voltage stabilizing circuit, automatic switchover module, control switch, constant voltage circuit;
5V links to each other with charging circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit and automatic switchover module, and the output of charging circuit links to each other with balancing circuitry, and the output of balancing circuitry links to each other with the automatic switchover module with super capacitor; The output of voltage stabilizing circuit links to each other with control switch, constant voltage circuit and automatic switchover module; The output VBAT of control switch is in check; The 3.3V that constant voltage circuit output is constant.
5. a kind of super capacitor according to claim 4 is characterized in that as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium: described charging circuit is made up of E4, P3, E5 and R6, and the anode of E4 links to each other with the VCC of P3 and receives+5V, and the negative terminal of E4 is connected with ground; The FB of P3 links to each other with the E5 anode with BAT and exports 4.2V, and the end of the negative terminal of the TEMP of P3, GND, E5, R6 links to each other and receives ground, and the IR of P3 links to each other with the other end of R6.
6. a kind of super capacitor according to claim 4 is as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium; It is characterized in that: described balancing circuitry is made up of P6, P7, P8, P9, R13, R14, R15, R16; BAT+ is connected to the S of P7, the end of R13, the end of R14, the anode of CA, and the other end of R13 is linked the VIN of P6, and the OUT of P6 links the other end of the G of P7, R14; The VSS of P6 links to each other with the D of the negative terminal of CA, P7, the S of P9, the end of R15, the anode of CB; The other end of R15 links to each other with the VIN of P8, and the OUT of P8 links the other end of the G of P9, R16, and the VSS of P8 links to each other with the D of the negative terminal of CB, P9 and is connected to ground; Super capacitor is made up of CA and CB.
7. a kind of super capacitor according to claim 4 is as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium; It is characterized in that: described voltage stabilizing circuit is made up of E1, P1, R1, R2, E2, C1, R3; The anode of E1 links to each other with EN with the IN of P1 and receives+5V, and the ADJ of P1 links to each other with the end of R1, the end of R2; The end of the anode of the OUT of P1 and the other end of R2, E2, the end of C1, the R3 output 4.2V stabilized voltage power supply that links to each other, the other end of the other end of the GND of P1 and the negative terminal of E1, R1, the negative terminal of E2, C1, the other end of R3 link to each other and receive ground.
8. a kind of super capacitor according to claim 4 is as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium; It is characterized in that: described automatic switchover module is made up of P4 and R7; P4 adopts nmos device IRF7416, and the G of P4 links to each other with the end of R7 and receives+5V, the other end ground connection of R7; The S of P4 receives 4.2V, and the D of P4 receives BAT+.
9. a kind of super capacitor according to claim 4 is characterized in that as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium: described control switch is made up of P2, R4, R5, E3, and P2 adopts nmos device IRF7416; The end of the G of P2 and R5 mutually; Connect, the S of P2 links to each other with the end of R4 and receives 4.2V, and the D of P4 links to each other with the anode of E3 and exports BATT; The negativing ending grounding of E3, the other end of R4 and the R5 other end are connected to PCCTL.
10. a kind of super capacitor according to claim 4 is as the thing machine of energy-accumulating medium; It is characterized in that: described constant voltage circuit is made up of R8, R9, C2, E6, P5, L, R10, C3, R11, R12, E7; P5 adopts the SP6650 configuration peripheral components of SIPEX that constant 3.3V is provided; The PVIN of P5, ILM and SHDN link to each other and the anode of E6, the end of R9, the end of R8 are connected to 4.2V, and the other end of R9 links to each other with the end of C2, the other end ground connection of C2; The LX of P5 links to each other with the end of L, the end of R10; The VOUT of the end of the other end of L and C3, the anode of E7, P5 links to each other and exports 3.3V, and the other end of R10 links to each other with the end of the other end of C3, R11, and the PGND of the end of the other end of R11 and the FB of P5, R12, the negative terminal of E7, P5, the GND of P5 link to each other and receive ground.
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| CN2012103764592A CN102832680A (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2012-10-08 | Thing machine adopting supercapacitor as energy storage medium |
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| CN109470965A (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-03-15 | 浙江大邦科技有限公司 | Free-standing feedback monitoring system |
| WO2023077920A1 (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-05-11 | 北京卫星制造厂有限公司 | Aerospace low-voltage buck anti-interference and delay starting circuit |
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