CN102829988B - Testing device for vertical and continuous loading at optional position of numerical control moving table - Google Patents
Testing device for vertical and continuous loading at optional position of numerical control moving table Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a testing device for vertical and continuous loading at an optional position of a numerical control moving table and belongs to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing. The testing device comprises a simulated numerical control moving table, a gantry frame, a transverse moving mechanism and a vertical loading device. Position of a loading point and magnitude of vertical load are loading requirements need to be met by the loading device, and axial position control, transverse position control and vertical load control are achieved by a servo motor respectively. Feedback of magnitude of the vertical load is achieved by a pressure sensor, and closed-loop control of magnitude of vertical loading force is achieved by regulating compression amount of a loading spring. Vertical loading at an optional position of the moving table can be achieved, and magnitude of the loading force can be precisely controlled by the testing device.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machinery manufacturing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of optional position vertical continuous load testing machine in numerical-control movable worktable.
Background technology
Worktable is one of important component part of numerically-controlled machine, is mainly used to install workpiece and bearing load.Numerical-control movable worktable is as the widely used worktable of current numerically-controlled machine, and the main servo feed system that adopts drives, have positioning precision high, operate steadily, the advantage such as the little and inertia of rubbing is low.For ensureing the dynamic property of numerical-control movable worktable, needing the dynamic design theory studying servo feed system, therefore needing to carry out some relevant experimental verifications.For improving the reliability of experiment, need to simulate the loading conditions of travelling table as much as possible.Travelling table mainly bears vertically in the course of the work, laterally with along the load of ball-screw axis, wherein, vertical load is produced perpendicular to during travelling table feeding by workpiece own wt and cutter, be the main load that travelling table bears, therefore travelling table vertical loading device is the part of outbalance in load testing machine.
Existing charger has the modes such as hydrostatic transmission loading, mechanical drive loading and counterweight loading usually.Hydrostatic transmission loading and mechanical drive load mode all can only realize fixed point and load, and cannot carry out following loading when movable workbench.Counterweight load mode is the weight block making some groups of different sizes, stamps threaded hole simultaneously, in use, as required, realize vertical loading at the diverse location fixed weight block of worktable at the diverse location of worktable.This load mode is fairly simple, easily realizes, and is method conventional at present, but this method needs to make more weight block, and when simulating larger vertical load, special consume material, carrying is inconvenient.In addition, counterweight Loading Method can only load a fixing load at every turn, cannot realize continuous loading, and the position loaded is by the restriction of the threaded hole position on worktable.
Therefore, above-mentioned load mode all cannot realize the vertical loading value simulated needed for numerical-control movable worktable, in time and controllably continuously change size and the position of loading force.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the present invention proposes the test unit that a kind of optional position in numerical-control movable worktable realizes vertical continuous loading, described test unit comprises simulation numerical-control movable worktable, gantry frame, transverse moving mechanism and vertical loading device:
The structure of described simulation numerical-control movable worktable is: on base 1, be furnished with the first parallel rail plate 2 and the second rail plate 3; The first ball-screw 4 is furnished with at the first described rail plate 2 and the second rail plate 3 intermediate parallel; First ball-screw 4 is by being fixed on the first ball-screw fixed supporting seat 5 on base 1 and the first ball-screw float support seat 6 supports, and the first ball-screw fixed supporting seat 5 external part by the first shaft coupling 7 and the first servomotor 8 direct-connected, the first servomotor 8 is fixed on base 1 by the first motor cabinet 9; The first described rail plate 2 is furnished with the first slide block 10, the second described rail plate 3 is furnished with the second slide block 11; The first described ball-screw 4 is connected with the first feed screw nut 12 of flange pattern, the first described feed screw nut 12 is connected with the first feed screw nut seat 13; The first described slide block 10, second slide block 11 has been fixedly connected with travelling table 14 with the top of the first feed screw nut seat 13, and described travelling table 14 is coated with the cover plate 15 of surfacing;
The structure of described gantry frame is: the first column 16 be vertically mounted on described base 1 is connected by crossbeam 18 with the upper end of the second column 17, thus forms a gantry frame; The first described column 16 and 17 points, the second column stand in travelling table 14 both sides; Described crossbeam 18 is parallel with the transverse direction of travelling table 14;
The structure of described transverse moving mechanism is: the second ball-screw 19 being arranged in crossbeam 18 side, by being fixed on the second ball-screw fixed supporting seat 20 on crossbeam 18 and the second ball-screw float support seat 21 supports, and the second ball-screw fixed supporting seat 20 external part by the second shaft coupling 22 and the second servomotor 23 direct-connected, the second servomotor 23 is fixed on crossbeam 18 by the second motor cabinet 24; The second described ball-screw 19 is connected with the second feed screw nut 25 of the form of flanges be fixedly connected with the second feed screw nut seat 26; The 3rd rail plate 27 is furnished with at the opposite side of described crossbeam 18; The 3rd described rail plate 27 is furnished with the 3rd slide block 28 be fixedly connected with fixed head 29; The second described feed screw nut seat 26 is connected with described fixed head 29 by web joint 30;
The structure of described vertical loading device is: the 3rd servomotor 32 is fixed on fixed head 29 by the 3rd motor cabinet 31, and its rotating shaft is vertical with travelling table 14; 3rd ball-screw 34 by the 3rd shaft coupling 33 and the 3rd described servomotor 32 direct-connected, and to be supported by the 3rd ball-screw fixed supporting seat 35 be fixed on fixed head 29; 3rd feed screw nut 36 of form of flanges is socketed on the 3rd described ball-screw 34; The 3rd described feed screw nut 36 is provided with pressure transducer 37; The other end of the 3rd described ball-screw 34 is connected by screw thread with connector 38; Linear bearing 39 is placed in the hole that connector 38 opposite side opens, and slides up and down wherein for guiding the cylindrical end of ball-and-socket 40; The other end of described ball-and-socket 40 is hollow semisphere, loads ball 41 for holding; Between described ball-and-socket 40 and pressure transducer 37, loading spring 42 is installed.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
A kind of optional position in numerical-control movable worktable of the present invention realizes the test unit that vertical continuous loads, charger moving in a lateral direction at travelling table is driven by transverse moving mechanism, first servomotor 8 can drive travelling table to move along its axis simultaneously, thus realizes loading the loading of ball in travelling table optional position;
The present invention adopt load ball load, due to load ball load time and cover plate be almost point cantact, when dynamic load, can ensure that added load is perpendicular to travelling table plane all the time;
Load the position of ball on work top controlled by the first servomotor 8 and the second servomotor 23, can according to load need loading position is accurately controlled;
The decrement of the spring that the present invention is used is controlled by the 3rd servomotor 32, simultaneously at the end setting pressure sensor of spring, and therefore can by the accurate control of closed-loop control realization to loading force size;
Second ball-screw 19 and the 3rd rail plate 27 are arranged in the both sides of crossbeam, thus make structure more simple, can reduce the bending moment because vertical load produces the second ball-screw 19 and the 3rd rail plate 27 simultaneously;
Charger only applies vertical load to travelling table, therefore the 3rd ball-screw 34 adopts cantilevered supporting way, friction simultaneously owing to loading between ball and ball-and-socket is less, therefore vertical guide rail is not designed in the both sides of the 3rd ball-screw 34, this greatly simplifies structure, do not affect again the effect of loading simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is test unit one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present invention, and master shows gantry frame and transverse moving mechanism;
Fig. 2 is numerical control of the present invention simulation travelling table schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is test unit one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present invention, Zhu Shi vertical loading mechanism;
Fig. 4 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of vertical loading mechanism section of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the control program block diagram that device of the present invention adopts.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the test unit realizing vertical continuous loading in the optional position of numerical-control movable worktable that the present invention proposes is described in detail:
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the structure of simulation numerical-control movable worktable of the present invention is: on base 1, be furnished with the first parallel rail plate 2 and the second rail plate 3; The first ball-screw 4 is furnished with at the first described rail plate 2 and the second rail plate 3 intermediate parallel; First ball-screw 4 is by being fixed on the first ball-screw fixed supporting seat 5 on base 1 and the first ball-screw float support seat 6 supports, and the first ball-screw fixed supporting seat 5 external part by the first shaft coupling 7 and the first servomotor 8 direct-connected, the first servomotor 8 is fixed on base 1 by the first motor cabinet 9; The first described rail plate 2 is furnished with the first slide block 10, the second described rail plate 3 is furnished with the second slide block 11; The first described ball-screw 4 is connected with the first feed screw nut 12 of flange pattern, the first described feed screw nut 12 is connected with the first feed screw nut seat 13; The first described slide block 10, second slide block 11 has been fixedly connected with travelling table 14 with the top of the first feed screw nut seat 13, and described travelling table 14 is coated with the cover plate 15 of surfacing;
As shown in Figure 1, the structure of gantry frame of the present invention is: the first column 16 be vertically mounted on described base 1 is connected by crossbeam 18 with the upper end of the second column 17, thus forms a gantry frame; Described crossbeam 18 is parallel with the transverse direction of described travelling table 14;
As shown in figures 1 and 3, the structure of transverse moving mechanism of the present invention is: the second ball-screw 19 being arranged in crossbeam 18 side, by being fixed on the second ball-screw fixed supporting seat 20 on crossbeam 18 and the second ball-screw float support seat 21 supports, and the second ball-screw fixed supporting seat 20 external part by the second shaft coupling 22 and the second servomotor 23 direct-connected, the second servomotor 23 is fixed on crossbeam 18 by the second motor cabinet 24; The second described ball-screw 19 is connected with the second feed screw nut 25 of the form of flanges be fixedly connected with the second feed screw nut seat 26; The 3rd rail plate 27 is furnished with at the opposite side of described crossbeam 18; The 3rd described rail plate 27 is furnished with the 3rd slide block 28 be fixedly connected with fixed head 29; The second described feed screw nut seat 26 is connected with described fixed head 29 by web joint 30;
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the structure of vertical loading device of the present invention is: the 3rd servomotor 32 is fixed on fixed head 29 by the 3rd motor cabinet 31, and the plane orthogonal of its rotating shaft and travelling table 14; 3rd ball-screw 34 by the 3rd shaft coupling 33 and the 3rd described servomotor 32 direct-connected, and to be supported by the 3rd ball-screw fixed supporting seat 35 be fixed on fixed head 29; 3rd feed screw nut 36 of form of flanges is socketed on the 3rd described ball-screw 34; The 3rd described feed screw nut 36 is provided with pressure transducer 37; The other end of the 3rd described ball-screw 34 is connected by screw thread with connector 38.Linear bearing 39 is placed in the hole that connector 38 opposite side opens, and slides up and down wherein for guiding the cylindrical end of ball-and-socket 40; The other end of described ball-and-socket 40 is hollow semisphere, loads ball 41 for holding; Between described ball-and-socket 40 and pressure transducer 37, loading spring 42 is installed.
A kind of optional position in numerical-control movable worktable of the present invention realizes the course of work of test unit that vertical continuous loads, and details are as follows:
As shown in Figure 5, loading Position and vertical load size are the required loading requirements realized of this charger; Wherein, the axial location of loading position controls to be completed by the first servomotor 8, and the lateral attitude of loading position controls to be completed by the second servomotor 23, and vertical load controls to be completed by the 3rd servomotor 32;
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 with shown in Fig. 5, the axial location of load(ing) point is converted to the position control instruction of the first servomotor 8, first servomotor 8 rotates according to position command value drive motor axle, drive the first ball-screw 4 to rotate by the first shaft coupling 7, the rotation of the first ball-screw 4 is converted to moving axially of the first feed screw nut 12; Travelling table 14 moving axially along the first ball-screw 4 is driven by the first feed screw nut seat 13 be fixedly connected on the first feed screw nut 12; Because the axial location loaded need not point-devicely control, therefore realizing half-closed loop control by the position of the first servomotor 8 feedback and velocity feedback can meet the demands;
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the lateral attitude of load(ing) point is converted to the position control instruction of the second servomotor 23, second servomotor 23 rotates according to position command value drive motor axle, the second ball-screw 19 is driven to rotate by the second shaft coupling 22, the rotation of the second ball-screw 19 is converted to moving axially of the second feed screw nut 25, drive web joint 30 along the axially-movable of the second ball-screw 19 by the second feed screw nut seat 26 be fixedly connected on the second feed screw nut 25, web joint 30 drives vertical loading device to slide on the 3rd rail plate 27 by the fixed head 29 be fixedly connected with thereon, thus the lateral attitude achieving load(ing) point controls, because the lateral attitude loaded does not need point-device control equally, therefore realizing half-closed loop control by the position of the second servomotor 23 feedback and velocity feedback can meet the demands,
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the vertical load size of required loading is converted to the decrement of loading spring 42 by the displacement-load curves of loading spring 42, this compression value is the 3rd feed screw nut 36 movement value required in vertical direction; The rotation of the position control command value drive motor axle that the compression value of the 3rd servomotor 32 needed for loading spring 42 is converted, the 3rd ball-screw 34 is driven to rotate by the 3rd shaft coupling 33, the rotation of the 3rd ball-screw 34 is converted to moving axially of the 3rd feed screw nut 36, thus loading spring 42 is compressed, and then by ball-and-socket 41, pressure conduction is extremely loaded ball 40, vertical loading is applied to the surface of cover plate 15; Due in loading procedure, loading ball 40 and cover plate 15 are point cantact, ensure that loading force all the time perpendicular to the surface of cover plate 15; Load ball 40 to roll arbitrarily in ball-and-socket 41, thus realize the change of loading position easily; The socket cap of ball-and-socket 41 upper end is led by linear bearing 39, ensures that ball-and-socket 41 moves all the time in vertical direction; The upper end of loading spring 42 is provided with pressure transducer 37, in the process loaded, the force value recorded is fed back, by comparing with required vertical load size, deviation load value is converted to the compression adjustment amount needed for loading spring 42, readjusted by the position of the 3rd servomotor 32 to the 3rd feed screw nut 36, achieve the closed-loop control to vertical loading power size.
Claims (1)
1. realize the test unit that vertical continuous loads in the optional position of numerical-control movable worktable, it is characterized in that, described test unit comprises simulation numerical-control movable worktable, gantry frame, transverse moving mechanism and vertical loading device:
The structure of described simulation numerical-control movable worktable is: on base (1), be furnished with parallel the first rail plate (2) and the second rail plate (3); The first ball-screw (4) is furnished with at described the first rail plate (2) and the second rail plate (3) intermediate parallel; First ball-screw (4) is by being fixed on the first ball-screw fixed supporting seat (5) on base (1) and the first ball-screw float support seat (6) supports, and direct-connected by the first shaft coupling (7) and the first servomotor (8) at the external part of the first ball-screw fixed supporting seat (5), the first servomotor (8) is fixed on base (1) by the first motor cabinet (9); Described the first rail plate (2) is furnished with the first slide block (10), described the second rail plate (3) is furnished with the second slide block (11); Described the first ball-screw (4) is connected with first feed screw nut (12) of flange pattern, described the first feed screw nut (12) is connected with the first feed screw nut seat (13); Described the first slide block (10), the second slide block (11) have been fixedly connected with travelling table (14) with the top of the first feed screw nut seat (13), and described travelling table (14) is coated with the cover plate (15) of surfacing;
The structure of described gantry frame is: be vertically mounted on the first column (16) on described base (1) and be connected by crossbeam (18) with the upper end of the second column (17), thus form a gantry frame; Described the first column (16) and the second column (17) point stand in travelling table (14) both sides; Described crossbeam (18) is parallel with the transverse direction of travelling table (14);
The structure of described transverse moving mechanism is: the second ball-screw (19) being arranged in crossbeam (18) side, by being fixed on the second ball-screw fixed supporting seat (20) on crossbeam (18) and the second ball-screw float support seat (21) supports, and direct-connected by the second shaft coupling (22) and the second servomotor (23) at the external part of the second ball-screw fixed supporting seat (20), the second servomotor (23) is fixed on crossbeam (18) by the second motor cabinet (24); Described the second ball-screw (19) is connected with second feed screw nut (25) of the form of flanges be fixedly connected with the second feed screw nut seat (26); The 3rd rail plate (27) is furnished with at the opposite side of described crossbeam (18); The 3rd described rail plate (27) is furnished with the 3rd slide block (28) be fixedly connected with fixed head (29); The second described feed screw nut seat (26) is connected with described fixed head (29) by web joint (30);
The structure of described vertical loading device is: the 3rd servomotor (32) is fixed on fixed head (29) by the 3rd motor cabinet (31), and its rotating shaft is vertical with travelling table (14); 3rd ball-screw (34) by the 3rd shaft coupling (33) and the 3rd described servomotor (32) direct-connected, and by be fixed on fixed head (29) the 3rd ball-screw fixed supporting seat (35) support; 3rd feed screw nut (36) of form of flanges is socketed on the 3rd described ball-screw (34); The 3rd described feed screw nut (36) is provided with pressure transducer (37); The other end of the 3rd described ball-screw (34) is connected by screw thread with connector (38); Linear bearing (39) is placed in the hole that connector (38) opposite side opens, and slides up and down wherein for guiding the cylindrical end of ball-and-socket (40); The other end of described ball-and-socket (40) is hollow semisphere, loads ball (41) for holding; Between described ball-and-socket (40) and pressure transducer (37), loading spring (42) is installed;
The course of work that described a kind of optional position in numerical-control movable worktable realizes the test unit that vertical continuous loads specifically comprises:
Loading Position and vertical load size are the required loading requirements realized of this charger; Wherein, the axial location of loading position controls to be completed by described first servomotor (8), the lateral attitude of loading position controls to be completed by described second servomotor (23), and vertical load controls to be completed by described 3rd servomotor (32);
The axial location of load(ing) point is converted to the position control instruction of described first servomotor (8), described first servomotor (8) rotates according to position command value drive motor axle, drive described first ball-screw (4) to rotate by described first shaft coupling (7), the rotation of described first ball-screw (4) is converted to moving axially of described first feed screw nut (12); Described travelling table (14) moving axially along described first ball-screw (4) is driven by the described first feed screw nut seat (13) be fixedly connected on described first feed screw nut (12); Because the axial location loaded need not point-devicely control, therefore to be fed back by the position of described first servomotor (8) and velocity feedback realizes half-closed loop control and can meet the demands;
The lateral attitude of load(ing) point is converted to the position control instruction of described second servomotor (23), described second servomotor (23) rotates according to position command value drive motor axle, described second ball-screw (19) is driven to rotate by described second shaft coupling (22), the rotation of described second ball-screw (19) is converted to moving axially of described second feed screw nut (25), drive described web joint (30) along the axially-movable of described second ball-screw (19) by the described second feed screw nut seat (26) be fixedly connected on described second feed screw nut (25), described web joint (30) drives vertical loading device in the upper slip of described 3rd rail plate (27) by the described fixed head (29) be fixedly connected with thereon, thus the lateral attitude achieving load(ing) point controls, because the lateral attitude loaded does not need point-device control equally, therefore to be fed back by the position of described second servomotor (23) and velocity feedback realizes half-closed loop control and can meet the demands,
The vertical load size of required loading is converted to the decrement of described loading spring (42) by the displacement-load curves of described loading spring (42), this compression value is described 3rd feed screw nut (36) movement value required in vertical direction, the rotation of the position control command value drive motor axle that the compression value of described 3rd servomotor (32) needed for described loading spring (42) is converted, described 3rd ball-screw (34) is driven to rotate by described 3rd shaft coupling (33), the rotation of described 3rd ball-screw (34) is converted to moving axially of described 3rd feed screw nut (36), thus described loading spring (42) is compressed, and then by described ball-and-socket (41) by pressure conduction extremely described loading ball (40), vertical loading is applied to the surface of described cover plate (15), in loading procedure, described loading ball (40) and described cover plate (15) are point cantact, ensure that loading force is all the time perpendicular to the surface of described cover plate (15), described loading ball (40) is rolled arbitrarily in described ball-and-socket (41), the more convenient change realizing loading position, the socket cap of described ball-and-socket (41) upper end is led by described linear bearing (39), ensures that described ball-and-socket (41) moves all the time in vertical direction, the upper end of described loading spring (42) is provided with described pressure transducer (37), in the process loaded, the force value recorded is fed back, by comparing with required vertical load size, deviation load value is converted to the compression adjustment amount needed for described loading spring (42), readjusted by the position of described 3rd servomotor (32) to described 3rd feed screw nut (36), realize the closed-loop control to vertical loading power size.
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| CN201210287185.XA CN102829988B (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2012-08-13 | Testing device for vertical and continuous loading at optional position of numerical control moving table |
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| CN201210287185.XA CN102829988B (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2012-08-13 | Testing device for vertical and continuous loading at optional position of numerical control moving table |
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