CN102828085A - Nb-Li aluminium alloy and its preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a Nb-Li aluminium alloy and its preparation method. The aluminium alloy comprises the following ingredients of: by weight, 5.2-6.0% of Cu, 0.9-1.4% of Mn, 0.46-0.49% of Cd, 0.36-0.39% of Ti, 0.15-0.2% of B, 0.65-0.75% of Zr, 1.1-1.7% of Li, 0.65-0.75% of Nb, 1.2-1.8% of rare earth element, and the balance Al. According to the embodiment of the invention, alloy elements and rare earth element are introduced into general aluminium, and common raw materials are processed to obtain the high-strength heatproof aluminium alloy material with good casting performance.

Description

A kind of Nb-Li duraluminum and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to new material technology field, relate in particular to a kind of Nb-Li duraluminum and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Along with China and the inflation of world aluminum output, each producer adds multiple alloy element in duraluminum, play effects such as solution strengthening, dispersion-strengthened, grain-boundary strengthening and surface stabilization respectively, makes duraluminum at high temperature can keep excellent mechanical property.

The core link of aluminium alloy smelting is that high materialization is handled, and comprises meltization and weave construction refinement homogenizing.Weave construction refinement homogenizing usually adopts rotten the processing, be the elementary cell that constitutes aluminium alloy melt and sosoloid with additive or machinery, physical method the size of xln is as far as possible little one by one, it is even as far as possible to distribute.

Rotten treatment additive is called alterant again; Need possess that chemical property is stable, fusing point is high, lattice dimensions and character such as aluminium adapts, at present, mostly the alterant of using always is titanium, boron, rare earth compound etc.; In field of aluminum alloys; Mostly alterant is pulverous alkali metal halide composite salt, and this alterant has modification effect preferably in the Al-Si line aluminium alloy, but in Al-Cu line aluminium alloy mesometamorphism poor effect.

At present; Can resistant to elevated temperatures Al-Cu line aluminium alloy (ZL 201A, ZL 204A, ZL 205A) adopting refined aluminium mostly is raw material; Add noble metals such as Sc, Ag, though cause this line aluminium alloy to have high-strong toughness, cost is too high; Can only be used for leading-edge fields such as aerospace, defence and military, can't promote.

In addition, the ZL205A tensile strength of alloys of Beijing Inst. of Aeronautical Materials's development is 510MPa, is that the cast aluminium alloy material intensity of the existing at present registration trade mark is the highest; But this alloy casting poor performance, it is big, mobile poor to show as hot cracking tendency; And corrosion resistance is low, and therefore, the qualified casting of this series alloy is quite low.

Summary of the invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of Nb-Li duraluminum and preparation method thereof, in general aluminium, introduces alloying element and REE, obtains the aluminum alloy materials of high-strength temperature-resistant, good casting property with common raw material processing.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment of the invention provides following technical scheme:

A kind of Nb-Li duraluminum, the weight percent of each composition of duraluminum is: Cu:5.2-6.0%, Mn:0.9-1.4%; Cd:0.46-0.49%, Ti:0.36-0.39%, B:0.15-0.2%; Zr:0.65-0.75%, Li:1.1-1.7%, Nb:0.65-0.75%; REE: 1.2-1.8%, surplus is Al.

Preferably, the weight percent of each composition of duraluminum is: Cu:5.3-5.9%, Mn:1.0-1.3%; Cd:0.47-0.48%, Ti:0.37-0.38%, B:0.16-0.19%; Zr:0.68-0.74%, Li:1.0-1.6%, Nb:0.67-0.73%; REE: 1.3-1.7%, surplus is Al.

Preferably, the weight percent of each composition of duraluminum is: Cu:5.4-5.7%, Mn:1.1-1.2%; Cd:0.47-0.48%, Ti:0.37-0.38%, B:0.17-0.18%; Zr:0.69-0.72%, Li:1.1-1.5%, Nb:0.68-0.72%; REE: 1.4-1.6%, surplus is Al.

Preferably, the weight percent of B is: 0.16%.

Preferably, the weight percent of Li is: 1.2-1.4%.

Preferably, the weight percent of Nb is: 0.69-0.72%.

Preferably, REE comprises any one among La, Ce, Eu, Pr, Er, Nd, the Y.

Preferably, REE comprises among La, Ce, Eu, Pr, Er, Nd, the Y two or more mixture arbitrarily.

The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned Nb-Li duraluminum, may further comprise the steps:

A, in smelting furnace an amount of aluminium of heating, 700-850 ℃ of insulation down;

B, add Mn, Ti, Zr, Li, Nb master alloy in proportion, the back that stirs adds Cu, Cd master alloy, adds Al-Ti-B alloy and REE again, stirs.

Preferably, behind adding Al-Ti-B alloy and the REE, in smelting furnace, add refining agent, stir.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:

1, intensity is high: in the al alloy component of the embodiment of the invention, ree content is high, gives full play to its purification, crystal grain thinning and metamorphism; Cu cooperates the formation High-Temperature Strengthening mutually, MnAl with Mn ₆The compound dispersoid particle is to the recrystal grain inhibition of having grown up, and can dissolved impurity iron, forms (Fe, Mn) Al ₆, reduce the harmful effect of iron; Li and Al base form Al ₂Li ₃, AlLi ₅Etc. multiple dispersivity High-Temperature Strengthening phase, improve alloy rigidity; Nb forms multiple High-Temperature Strengthening respectively mutually with the Al base, significantly improves the hot strength of alloy; B, Ti, Zr improve fluidity of molten as fining agent; The lattice of carbide approaches the lattice parameter of aluminium sosoloid, but and stable existence, improve the alloy organizing dispersity; Thus, through validation trial, the intensity of aluminum alloy that the embodiment of the invention makes reached 500～550Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃;

2, be prone to processing: the adding of Ti, Zr, B and REE greatly refinement the crystal grain of duraluminum; The duraluminum that makes the embodiment of the invention make possesses good material flowability and intergranular self lubricity; Solved the contradiction between alloy strength and the castability, processibility is good; The duraluminum that the embodiment of the invention makes is processed as finished products such as foil, tubing, section bar, and the surface light reflectivity is higher than general aluminium, and yield rate is high;

3, fall cost: the required refined aluminium and the noble element of duraluminum of present relatively this kind intensity and hardness, general aluminium that the embodiment of the invention adopted (aluminium liquid, aluminium ingot) and alloying element can reduce cost more than 30%.

Embodiment

To carry out clear, intactly description to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention below, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the present invention's protection.

The embodiment of the invention obtains the aluminum alloy materials of high-strength temperature-resistant, good casting property through adopting general aluminium, alloying element and REE with relative less cost.

The used Al of the embodiment of the invention is general aluminium, wherein possibly contain impurity such as Si about 0.01-0.4%, Fe, does not influence the realization of the embodiment of the invention.

It below is specific embodiment.

Embodiment one,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	La、Ce	Al	Add up to
												Quality	52	12	4.7	3.6	1.5	6.6	11	6.5	12	890.1	1000
Ratio	5.20	1.20	0.47	0.36	0.15	0.66	1.10	0.65	1.20	89.01	100

Preparing method's step is following:

1, an amount of aluminium of heating in smelting furnace is 700-850 ℃ of insulation down;

2, add Mn, Ti, Zr, Li, Nb master alloy in last table ratio, the back that stirs adds Cu, Cd master alloy, adds Al-Ti-B alloy and REE again, stirs.

Can after adding Al-Ti-B alloy and REE, in smelting furnace, add refining agent, stir.Refining agent can be any one in chlorine, Sesquichloratum, the Manganous chloride tetrahydrate.

The preparation process of following examples is identical with embodiment one, repeats no more.

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment one makes reached 509Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment two,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	La、Eu	Al	Add up to
												Quality	54	13	4.8	3.8	1.7	6.5	14	6.8	17	878.4	1000
Ratio	5.40	1.30	0.48	0.38	0.17	0.65	1.40	0.68	1.70	87.84	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment two makes reached 511Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment three,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	La、Pr	Al	Add up to
												Quality	56	11.5	4.6	3.9	1.80	6.8	16	6.6	13	879.8	1000
Ratio	5.60	1.15	0.46	0.39	0.18	0.68	1.60	0.66	1.30	87.98	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment three makes reached 513Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment four,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Ce	Al	Add up to
												Quality	55	10.2	4.9	3.6	2.00	6.9	12	6.7	15	883.7	1000
Ratio	5.50	1.02	0.49	0.36	0.20	0.69	1.20	0.67	1.50	88.37	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment four makes reached 519Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment five,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	La	Al	Add up to
												Quality	53	10	4.7	3.7	1.60	7	16	7.5	12	884.5	1000
Ratio	5.30	1.00	0.47	0.37	0.16	0.70	1.60	0.75	1.20	88.45	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment five makes reached 530Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment six,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Pr、Er	Al	Add up to
												Quality	58	9	4.8	3.6	1.90	6.7	17	7	14	878	1000
Ratio	5.80	0.90	0.48	0.36	0.19	0.67	1.70	0.70	1.40	87.80	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment six makes reached 526Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment seven,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Ce、Nd	Al	Add up to
												Quality	59	9.4	4.7	3.8	1.80	7.2	13	6.9	16	878.2	1000
Ratio	5.90	0.94	0.47	0.38	0.18	0.72	1.30	0.69	1.60	87.82	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment seven makes reached 518Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment eight,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Eu	Al	Add up to
												Quality	57	13.6	4.8	3.7	1.70	7.1	15	7.2	17	872.9	1000
Ratio	5.70	1.36	0.48	0.37	0.17	0.71	1.50	0.72	1.70	87.29	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment eight makes reached 528Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment nine,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Nd	Al	Add up to
												Quality	60	14	4.6	3.9	1.60	7.5	12	7.1	18	871.3	1000
Ratio	6.00	1.40	0.46	0.39	0.16	0.75	1.20	0.71	1.80	87.13	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment nine makes reached 533Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment ten,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	La、Nd	Al	Add up to
												Quality	57	12.7	4.6	3.6	1.90	7.4	14	7.3	14	877.5	1000
Ratio	5.70	1.27	0.46	0.36	0.19	0.74	1.40	0.73	1.40	87.75	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment ten makes reached 521Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 11,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 11 makes reached 543Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 12,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Pr、Er	Al	Add up to
												Quality	54	10.2	4.8	3.6	1.50	6.9	17	6.7	17	878.3	1000
Ratio	5.40	1.02	0.48	0.36	0.15	0.69	1.70	0.67	1.70	87.83	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 12 makes reached 540Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 13,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 13 makes reached 528Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 14,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Eu、Y	Al	Add up to
												Quality	55	9	4.8	3.7	1.90	6.7	15	7	15	881.9	1000
Ratio	5.50	0.90	0.48	0.37	0.19	0.67	1.50	0.70	1.50	88.19	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 14 makes reached 519Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 15,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Ce、Pr	Al	Add up to
												Quality	53	9.4	4.6	3.9	1.60	7.2	16	6.9	16	881.4	1000
Ratio	5.30	0.94	0.46	0.39	0.16	0.72	1.60	0.69	1.60	88.14	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 15 makes reached 548Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 16,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Er	Al	Add up to
												Quality	58	13.6	4.7	3.6	1.90	7.1	12	7.2	17	874.9	1000
Ratio	5.80	1.36	0.47	0.36	0.19	0.71	1.20	0.72	1.70	87.49	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 16 makes reached 540Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 17,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 17 makes reached 546Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 18,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Y	Al	Add up to
												Quality	57	14	4.6	3.7	1.50	7.1	17	7.1	14	874	1000
Ratio	5.70	1.40	0.46	0.37	0.15	0.71	1.70	0.71	1.40	87.40	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 18 makes reached 532Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 19,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	La、Er	Al	Add up to
												Quality	53	12.7	4.7	3.6	0.18	6.5	13	6.9	16	863.6	1000
Ratio	5.30	1.27	0.47	0.36	2.00	0.65	1.30	0.69	1.60	86.36	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 19 makes reached 540Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 20,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 20 makes reached 543Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

Embodiment 21,

Each element ratio of alloy is as shown in the table:

Element	Cu	Mn	Cd	Ti	B	Zr	Li	Nb	Ce、Eu	Al	Add up to
												Quality	56	12	4.6	3.8	0.16	6.9	16	7.4	13	880.3	1000
Ratio	5.60	1.20	0.46	0.38	0.00	0.69	1.60	0.74	1.30	88.03	100

The sample intensity of aluminum alloy that embodiment 21 makes reached 546Mpa down in sustainable 100 hours at 190-200 ℃.

More than a kind of Nb-Li duraluminum that the embodiment of the invention is provided and preparation method thereof carried out detailed introduction; Used concrete example among this paper principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that on embodiment and range of application, all can change can know that to sum up this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a Nb-Li duraluminum is characterized in that, the weight percent of said each composition of duraluminum is: Cu:5.2-6.0%; Mn:0.9-1.4%, Cd:0.46-0.49%, Ti:0.36-0.39%; B:0.15-0.2%, Zr:0.65-0.75%, Li:1.1-1.7%; Nb:0.65-0.75%, REE: 1.2-1.8%, surplus is Al.

2. a kind of Nb-Li duraluminum according to claim 1 is characterized in that the weight percent of said each composition of duraluminum is: Cu:5.3-5.9%; Nn:1.0-1.3%, Cd:0.47-0.48%, Ti:0.37-0.38%; B:0.16-0.19%, Zr:0.68-0.74%, Li:1.0-1.6%; Nb:0.67-0.73%, REE: 1.3-1.7%, surplus is Al.

3. a kind of Nb-Li duraluminum according to claim 2 is characterized in that the weight percent of said each composition of duraluminum is: Cu:5.4-5.7%; Nn:1.1-1.2%, Cd:0.47-0.48%, Ti:0.37-0.38%; B:0.17-0.18%, Zr:0.69-0.72%, Li:1.1-1.5%; Nb:0.68-0.72%, REE: 1.4-1.6%, surplus is Al.

4. according to each described a kind of Nb-Li duraluminum of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the weight percent of B is: 0.16%.

5. according to each described a kind of Nb-Li duraluminum of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the weight percent of Li is: 1.2-1.4%.

6. according to each described a kind of Nb-Li duraluminum of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the weight percent of Nb is: 0.69-0.72%.

7. a kind of Nb-Li duraluminum according to claim 1 is characterized in that said REE comprises any one among La, Ce, Eu, Pr, Er, Nd, the Y.

8. a kind of Nb-Li duraluminum according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said REE comprises among La, Ce, Eu, Pr, Er, Nd, the Y two or more mixture arbitrarily.

9. the preparation method of a Nb-Li duraluminum as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:

A, in smelting furnace an amount of aluminium of heating, 700-850 ℃ of insulation down;

B, add Mn, Ti, Zr, Li, Nb master alloy in proportion, the back that stirs adds Cu, Cd master alloy, adds Al-Ti-B alloy and REE again, stirs.

10. the preparation method of Nb-Li duraluminum according to claim 9 is characterized in that, behind adding Al-Ti-B alloy and the REE, in smelting furnace, adds refining agent, stirs.