CN102827621A - Method for producing semi-coke, oil tar and coal gas by adopting coal-coal gas microwave co-pyrolysis - Google Patents
Method for producing semi-coke, oil tar and coal gas by adopting coal-coal gas microwave co-pyrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- CN102827621A CN102827621A CN2012103155363A CN201210315536A CN102827621A CN 102827621 A CN102827621 A CN 102827621A CN 2012103155363 A CN2012103155363 A CN 2012103155363A CN 201210315536 A CN201210315536 A CN 201210315536A CN 102827621 A CN102827621 A CN 102827621A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing semi-coke, oil tar and coal gas by adopting coal-coal gas microwave co-pyrolysis. The method comprises the following steps of: circularly introducing hydrogen-rich coal gas generated by microwave pyrolysis of coal into a pyrolysis reactor by using an explosion-proof air pump; performing a co-pyrolysis reaction with subcannel coal; in a pyrolysis process, making coal as pass through a multi-stage absorption cooler respectively to obtain most oil tar; introducing into an electric oil tar dust collector for further separating the oil tar out; introducing coal gas into a gas collecting cabinet; returning a part of coal gas circularly for participating in the co-pyrolysis reaction; conveying a part of coal gas from the system to other systems for utilizing; and performing a pyrolysis reaction to obtain a solid product, i.e., a semi-coke product in the pyrolysis reactor. The method has the advantages of simple process, easiness in realizing devices, great reduction in the cost of hydropyrolysis, good semi-coke quality and oil tar quality, high yield, excellent coal gas components, high production speed and high coal graded utilization ratio.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy technology field, be specifically related to a kind of method that coal-coal gas microwave copyrolysis is produced blue charcoal, tar and coal gas that adopts.
Background technology
China is the country of a rich coal, oil starvation, weak breath, and coal production accounts for about 70% of total energy output; And in coal resources, low-disintegration coal accounts for more than 40%.Low-disintegration coal can make the coal increment more than 3 times through products such as the blue charcoal of middle low-temperature pyrolysis explained hereafter, coal tar and dry distillation gases.Blue charcoal manufacture from development at the end of the seventies so far; The history in existing more than 30 year, experienced in succession ascending, by disorderly loose to concentrated, by indigenous method to mechanize, by the seriously polluted evolution that begins to take shape to the recycling economy industrial chain to cleaner production, by single industrial chain.Because blue charcoal industry end-use is extensive, market outlook are wide, and by the Eleventh Five-Year Plan end, China's blue charcoal industry production capacity has reached 4,500 ten thousand tons, and the planning production capacity will reach ten thousand tons of 6000-8000 during " 12 ", and gross industrial output value will reach hundred million yuan of 1500-2000.
Low-disintegration coal is meant from the classification of coalification angle, the coal that metamorphic grade is lower, the coal-forming age is later, and its volatile content is generally higher, comprises long-flame coal, non-caking coal and weakly caking coal etc.
At present; Domesticly produce blue charcoal with jurassic period low-disintegration coal pyrolysis such as non-caking coal, weakly caking coal, long-flame coal; Developed polytype pyrolytic process, for example multistage rotary kiln (MRF) pyrolytic process, solid heat carrier rapid pyrolysis technology, be circulating fluidized bed heat-power multi-production process, coke carried heat fluidized bed pyrolysis and semicoke continuous gasification process, the SJ internal heat type low-temperature dry distillation technology etc. on basis with the fluidized bed pyrolysis.
Current, low-disintegration coal pyrolysis main flow process using be coal gas and the air mixed direct-fired traditional method of burning, the subject matter of existence is: the production cycle is long; Raw material is limited; The coal tar productive rate is low, and coal consumption is high, and nitrogen content is high in the coal gas, valuable content is low, calorific value is low; Be difficult to efficient utilization, environmental pollution is serious.For this reason, coal cracking is produced blue charcoal technology and must be developed to efficient, energy-saving and cost-reducing, environmental friendliness, recycling economy industrial chain direction.
The hydropyrolysis technology of coal is that coal resources are efficient, an important channel of clean trans-utilization, and it can make, and polycomponent is rationally utilized in the coal, increases the yield of liquid fuel, improves the overall economic efficiency of coal.But traditional hydropyrolysis technology pattern is as thermal cyclic carrier and coal copyrolysis, because system H with hydrogen
2Process costs an arm and a leg, and cost is high, and gas sweetening in addition, separation and working cycle cost of equipment are high, and investment is big, and resistance is very big economically to make the coal hydrogenation pyrolytic process, and seeking cheap hydrogen source is the basis of coal hydrogenation pyrolytic process development.
Microwave heating is a kind of new Type of Heating technology of research and development at present; Its principle mainly be utilize frequency at the electric wave of 300-3000 mega hertz under fast-changing high-frequency electromagnetic field action; Water molecules polarity orientation in the heated medium material will change along with the variation of external electric field; Cause the mutual frictional influence of motion of molecule, this moment, the field energy of microwave field was converted into the heat energy in the medium, and temperature of charge is raise rapidly.Microwave heating has obtained application more and more widely at present because rate of heating is fast, homogeneous heating, efficient energy-saving in industrial or agricultural and high-tech area.Adopt microwave heating that low-disintegration coal is carried out the existing research report of pyrolysis; Its heating efficiency is high, speed of response is fast; Caloric power of gas is high, and hydrogen richness is high, and nitrogen content is low; Coal treating processes cleaning, outstanding advantage such as pollution-free have caused blue charcoal upgrading of industries new industrial research developer's common concern.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that coal-coal gas microwave copyrolysis is produced blue charcoal, tar and coal gas that adopts, this method has greatly reduced the cost of hydropyrolysis; It is fast to produce blue charcoal speed; Blue carbonaceous amount is good, and the tar yield is high, and particularly lightweight oil content is high in the tar; Gas composition is more excellent, is the new technology that a kind of low-disintegration coal high-effective classifying utilizes.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention's employing is:
A kind ofly adopt the method that coal-coal gas microwave copyrolysis is produced blue charcoal, tar and coal gas, the hydrogen-rich gas that utilizes explosion-proof air pump that the microwave-heating coal is produced partly circulates and feeds in the pyrolysis reactor, with low-disintegration coal copyrolysis in the microwave-heating stove; Its reaction conditions is: microwave frequency is 0.3～300GHz, 300～800 ℃ of temperature, pressure 0.1～2.0MPa; Coal gas air speed 10～10000mL/gh, reaction times 5～60min is in the whole pyrolytic process; Coal gas passes through the firsts and seconds absorber cooler respectively, obtains most of tar, and the back feeds in the electrically trapped tar oil dust-precipitator and further isolates tar wherein; Coal gas gets in the gas collection cabinet again, and wherein part circulation is returned and participated in the copyrolysis reaction, and a part transfers out native system and supplies the other system utilization; After pyrolytic reaction was accomplished, the solid that remains in the pyrolysis reactor was blue charcoal product.
The hydrogen-rich gas that self generates when said hydrogen-rich gas is the microwave-heating coal.
Coal gas when described and low-disintegration coal copyrolysis; The hydrogen-rich gas that self generates in the time of can being the microwave-heating coal; Also can utilize other rich hydrogen or be rich in the gas mixture of methane, for example coke-oven gas, blast furnace gas, coal-seam gas, Sweet natural gas, LPG liquefied petroleum gas, oil shale pyrolysis coal gas, coal liquefaction residue pyrolysis coal gas etc. again.
Said pyrolysis reactor is intermittent type pyrolysis reactor or continous way pyrolysis reactor.
The present invention can adopt separate unit microwave-heating device to produce, and perhaps adopts many microwave-heating device parallel connections to produce.
For further improving tar yield, in pyrolysis, use to include the catalyzer that wherein one or more active substances among Mo, La, Ni, Zn, Co, Fe, W and the Cr are formed.
The present invention provides a kind of device of realizing the blue charcoal of said production, tar and coal gas method simultaneously; It comprises the microwave-heating stove 1 of being with reactor drum 3; Connect one-level absorber cooler 4 through pipeline in the reactor drum 3, the outlet of one-level absorber cooler 4 tops connects the secondary absorber cooler 6 that is arranged in recirculation cooler 5, and the top outlet of secondary absorber cooler 6 connects electrically trapped tar oil dust-precipitator 7; 7 outlets of electrically trapped tar oil dust-precipitator connect Y-tube 8; An outlet of Y-tube 8 is the tar outlet vertically down, and another outlet level inserts gas collection cabinet 9; To reactor drum 3, gas collection cabinet 9 tops export the only gas outlet tube 16 of other order to the outlet of gas collection cabinet 9 tops through circulating gas inlet pipe 12 tiebacks.
Be provided with thermopair 11 in the said reactor drum 3, thermopair 11 connects programmed temperature control instrument 10.
Said circulating gas inlet pipe 12 is provided with loop valve 13 and explosion-proof air pump 14.
Said reactor drum 3 is outside equipped with ceramic muff 2.
Than prior art; The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: made full use of the rich hydrogen in the coal gas (perhaps methane) composition, under microwave heating condition, produced the copyrolysis reaction, obtained high quality, high yield tar with coal; High quality coal gas, stay-in-grade blue charcoal product.This process not only greatly reduces the cost of hydropyrolysis, does not need bubbling air simultaneously, has greatly reduced the nitrogen content in the pyrolysis coal gas, and the coal gas utility value greatly increases; And employing microwave heating, speed is fast, and efficient is high, has fully realized energy-saving and emission-reduction, has improved the coal grading utilization ratio.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is apparatus of the present invention structural representations.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is explained further details.
The present invention adopts the accompanying drawing shown device, and this device comprises the microwave-heating stove 1 of being with reactor drum 3, connects one-level absorber cooler 4 through pipeline in the reactor drum 3; The outlet of one-level absorber cooler 4 tops connects the secondary absorber cooler 6 that is arranged in recirculation cooler 5, and the top outlet of secondary absorber cooler 6 connects electrically trapped tar oil dust- precipitator 7, and 7 outlets of electrically trapped tar oil dust-precipitator connect Y-tube 8; An outlet of Y-tube 8 vertically down; Be the tar outlet, another outlet level inserts gas collection cabinet 9, and the outlet of gas collection cabinet 9 tops is passed through circulating gas inlet pipe 12 tiebacks to reactor drum 3; The only gas outlet tube 16 of gas collection cabinet 9 tops other order of outlet; Be provided with thermopair 11 in the reactor drum 3, thermopair 11 connects programmed temperature control instrument 10, and reactor drum 3 is outside equipped with ceramic muff 2.Circulating gas inlet pipe 12 is provided with loop valve 13 and explosion-proof air pump 14, and sets out air valve 15 on the gas outlet tube 16.
Embodiment one
Selected coal is Shenmu County, Shaanxi coal, and table 1 is seen in its technical analysis and ultimate analysis.Take by weighing the coal sample 40g that granularity is 1～3cm, place reactor drum 3, utilize 11 heating of programmed temperature control instrument 10 control thermopairs; Reaction conditions is: microwave frequency is 0.3～300GHz, and temperature is 700 ℃ eventually, pressure 0.12MPa; Circulating gas flow velocity 10mL/min, reaction times 40min.After reaction finishes, blue charcoal productive rate 57.9%, tar yield 12.7%, blue charcoal product analysis result sees 2.
The coal analysis result of table 1 Shenmu County (%)
Blue charcoal technical analysis of table 2 and ultimate analysis (%)
Embodiment two
Selected coal is Shenmu County, Shaanxi coal, and table 1 is seen in its technical analysis and ultimate analysis.Take by weighing the coal sample 40g that granularity is 2～5cm, place reactor drum 3, utilize 11 heating of programmed temperature control instrument 10 control thermopairs; Reaction conditions is: microwave frequency is 0.3～300GHz, and temperature is 650 ℃ eventually, pressure 0.11MPa; Circulating gas flow velocity 12mL/min, reaction times 40min.After reaction finishes, blue charcoal productive rate 60.1%, tar yield 9.4%.
Embodiment three
Selected coal is Shenmu County, Shaanxi coal, and table 1 is seen in its technical analysis and ultimate analysis.Take by weighing the coal sample 40g that granularity is 0.5～1cm, place reactor drum 3, utilize 11 heating of programmed temperature control instrument 10 control thermopairs; Reaction conditions is: microwave frequency is 0.3～300GHz, and temperature is 680 ℃ eventually, pressure 0.18MPa; Circulating gas flow velocity 15mL/min, reaction times 45min.Reaction detects blue charcoal, tar and coal gas sample respectively after finishing.Blue charcoal productive rate 55.2%, tar yield 15.4%.
Embodiment four
Selected coal is Shenmu County, Shaanxi coal, and table 1 is seen in its technical analysis and ultimate analysis.Take by weighing the coal sample 40g that granularity is 0.5～1cm, place reactor drum 3, utilize 11 heating of programmed temperature control instrument 10 control thermopairs; Reaction conditions is: microwave frequency is 0.3～300GHz, and temperature is 700 ℃ eventually, pressure 0.14MPa; Circulating gas flow velocity 15mL/min, reaction times 45min.Reaction detects blue charcoal, tar and coal gas sample respectively after finishing.Blue charcoal productive rate 56.3%, tar yield 13.3%.
Embodiment five
Selected coal is Shenmu County, Shaanxi coal, and table 1 is seen in its technical analysis and ultimate analysis.Take by weighing the coal sample 40g that granularity is 2～5cm, place reactor drum 3, utilize 11 heating of programmed temperature control instrument 10 control thermopairs; Reaction conditions is: microwave frequency is 0.3～300GHz, and temperature is 650 ℃ eventually, pressure 0.14MPa; Circulating gas flow velocity 15mL/min, reaction times 40min.After reaction finishes, blue charcoal productive rate 59.5%, tar yield 9.5%.
Embodiment six
Selected coal is Shenmu County, Shaanxi coal, and table 1 is seen in its technical analysis and ultimate analysis.Take by weighing the coal sample 40g that granularity is 1～3cm, place reactor drum 3, utilize 11 heating of programmed temperature control instrument 10 control thermopairs; Reaction conditions is: microwave frequency is 0.3～300GHz, and temperature is 700 ℃ eventually, pressure 0.18MPa; Circulating gas flow velocity 15mL/min, reaction times 40min.After reaction finishes, blue charcoal productive rate 56.7%, tar yield 13.1%.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is adopted the method that coal-coal gas microwave copyrolysis is produced blue charcoal, tar and coal gas, it is characterized in that, the hydrogen-rich gas that utilizes explosion-proof air pump that the microwave-heating coal is produced partly circulates and feeds in the pyrolysis reactor; With low-disintegration coal copyrolysis in the microwave-heating stove, its reaction conditions is: microwave frequency is 0.3～300GHz, 300～800 ℃ of temperature; Pressure 0.1～2.0MPa, coal gas air speed 10～10000mL/gh, reaction times 5～60min; In the whole pyrolytic process, coal gas passes through the firsts and seconds absorber cooler respectively, obtains most of tar; The back feeds in the electrically trapped tar oil dust-precipitator and further isolates tar wherein; Coal gas gets in the gas collection cabinet again, and wherein part circulation is returned and participated in the copyrolysis reaction, and a part transfers out native system and supplies the other system utilization; After pyrolytic reaction was accomplished, the solid that remains in the pyrolysis reactor was blue charcoal product.
2. the method for the blue charcoal of production according to claim 1, tar and coal gas is characterized in that, the hydrogen-rich gas that self generates when said hydrogen-rich gas is the microwave-heating coal.
3. the method for the blue charcoal of production according to claim 1, tar and coal gas; It is characterized in that pyrolysis coal gas is alternative again with coke-oven gas, blast furnace gas, coal-seam gas, Sweet natural gas, LPG liquefied petroleum gas, oil shale pyrolysis coal gas or coal liquefaction residue for said hydrogen-rich gas.
4. the method for the blue charcoal of production according to claim 1, tar and coal gas is characterized in that, said pyrolysis reactor is intermittent type pyrolysis reactor or continous way pyrolysis reactor.
5. the method for the blue charcoal of production according to claim 1, tar and coal gas is characterized in that, adopts separate unit microwave-heating device to produce, and perhaps adopts many microwave-heating device parallel connections to produce.
6. the method for the blue charcoal of production according to claim 1, tar and coal gas; It is characterized in that; For further improving tar yield, in pyrolysis, use to include the catalyzer that wherein one or more active substances among Mo, La, Ni, Zn, Co, Fe, W and the Cr are formed.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104155326A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-11-19 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Multifunctional carbon-containing substance pyrolysis evaluation device and method |
| CN105567267A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-05-11 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | System and method for pyrolyzing coal |
| IT201700033911A1 (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-18 | Antonio Messineo | MULTI-LAYER SELF-CATALYTIC MICRO-GASIFIER FOR BIOMASS GASIFICATION. |
| CN110172358A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of pyrolysis atmosphere furnace and coal hydrogenation microwave-heating system and method |
| CN112675857A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-20 | 武汉科技大学 | Catalyst for improving naphthene content in tar by low-rank coal microwave pyrolysis and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101440290A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-05-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Method for rapid medium-low temperature dry distillation of coal by using microwave |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104155326A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2014-11-19 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Multifunctional carbon-containing substance pyrolysis evaluation device and method |
| CN105567267A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-05-11 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | System and method for pyrolyzing coal |
| CN105567267B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-02-27 | 神雾科技集团股份有限公司 | The system and method for pyrolyzing coal |
| IT201700033911A1 (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-18 | Antonio Messineo | MULTI-LAYER SELF-CATALYTIC MICRO-GASIFIER FOR BIOMASS GASIFICATION. |
| CN110172358A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-08-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of pyrolysis atmosphere furnace and coal hydrogenation microwave-heating system and method |
| CN112675857A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-20 | 武汉科技大学 | Catalyst for improving naphthene content in tar by low-rank coal microwave pyrolysis and preparation method and application thereof |
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