CN102825245B - Helical electromagnetic stirring device - Google Patents
Helical electromagnetic stirring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102825245B CN102825245B CN201110160188.2A CN201110160188A CN102825245B CN 102825245 B CN102825245 B CN 102825245B CN 201110160188 A CN201110160188 A CN 201110160188A CN 102825245 B CN102825245 B CN 102825245B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simple and effective helical electromagnetic stirring device capable of fully stirring molten metal. The helical electromagnetic stirring device comprises an electromagnetic induction system, a power supply system, a cooling system and a box body (5), wherein the electromagnetic induction system consists of a magnet yoke group and coils (3) sleeved on the magnet yoke group; the helical electromagnetic stirring device is characterized in that the magnet yoke group consists of a magnet yoke back part (12) and a plurality of magnet yoke end planes (4) connected with the magnet yoke back part; and the magnet yoke end planes (4) are arranged in a tilted manner opposite to the magnet yoke back part (12). According to the helical electromagnetic stirring device, the stirring device can be applied to metal continuous casting, semi-solid state continuous casting and directional solidification processes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electromagnetic casting and material electromagnetic processing forming field, particularly relate to metal continuous cast, semi-solid casting and directional solidification process helical magnetic field electromagnetic mixing apparatus.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of science and technology, the performance of all trades and professions to material is had higher requirement, and this just impels people to continually develop the novel process research of new material and traditional material.Electromagnetic field is one of important physical field of occurring in nature, there is the advantage that many pyroelectric technologies are incomparable, most outstanding feature be its can transferring heat energy and kinetic energy to metal bath, and not contact between melt and magnetic field generator, thus metal bath do not polluted.Electromagnetic agitation is the flowing of pollution-free control fluid, improves a kind of effective ways of ingot structure.Rotating excitation field (RMF) is improving melt circumference Temperature Distribution, and refinement casting blank solidification organizational aspects plays very crucial effect, has been furtherd investigate at present and has been widely used in the processes such as continuous casting, semi-solid casting and directional solidification.But it is not so good as travelling-magnetic-field to the heat and mass aspect promoting melt radial and axial.Travelling-magnetic-field is in control and regulate melt flowing in the vertical direction, promotes melt advection and reduce the aspects such as radial symmetry gradient have the advantage that can not be substituted.From current application and development, single rotating excitation field or the application of travelling-magnetic-field can not meet people's requirement more and more higher to product quality.Thus, two kinds are stirred the mutual supplement with each other's advantages in magnetic field, realizing spiral stirring has been the target that everybody pursues.Spiral electromagnetic stirr, for control melt flows, reduces inclusion content, crystal grain thinning, and alleviating the aspects such as solute segregation will play an important role.
Someone once proposed the composite stirring mode that rotating excitation field adds travelling-magnetic-field, and this stirring can be summarized as rotation and the inside and outside superposition of travelling-magnetic-field, rotating excitation field stacked on top and travelling-magnetic-field circumference three kinds of modes arranged side by side.Simultaneously the advantage of the method to produce circumference and radial stirring in the melt, is comprehensively auger.By this kind of stirring means, not only can the temperature of balanced circumference and solute Distribution, the circulation simultaneously produced in radial direction also can reduce in the middle of melt and the temperature difference of edge, reduce segregation, the formation of short nearly equiax crystal, and then hot tearing and gross segregation can be reduced, improve the quality of product.These Research Thinkings are embodied in the Chinese invention patent application case of application number CN87104014A, CN86104510, and in the Chinese utility model patent application case of application number CN87204232 and notification number CN201476606U.Equipment relevant in these patents can be summed up as inside and outside Superimposed, stacked on top formula and circumferential block form three kinds of structures.But it is all organize winding that the combination of these three kinds of structures is stirred more, has inconvenience in practical application.First be when by be stacked together inside and outside two covering devices or many covering devices stacked on top or circumference side by side time, size and the weight of whole equipment add, and the structure of corresponding equipment becomes complicated, and manufacturing cost too increases.Secondly, for the inside and outside helical magnetic field generator stacked, due to distance, outer bed device can obviously reduce the mixing effect of melt, and inner-layer device can not be ignored the screen effect of melt and two influencing each other of electromagnetic induction device of cover simultaneously.3rd, the helical magnetic field generator of or parallel combinations stacking for many covering devices, the size of electromagnetic force and the height of electromagnetic conversion efficiency all have much relations with the structure of yoke, the layout of coil.By multiple rotating magnetic field generator stacked on top together, according to electromagnetic hydroimechanics principle, the row wave power of vertical direction can be produced in metal bath, but the successional impact of the yoke number of permutations be subject on vertical cross-section and yoke back, the large young pathbreaker of this power is far smaller than the revolving force of circumference, and thus auger effect can be limited.Equally, the auger formed side by side by travelling-magnetic-field circumference, can far below circumferential row wave power at the revolving force of circumference, and this is all unfavorable for producing effective auger.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of simple, efficient spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus, realizes metal bath and fully stirs.
The present invention to achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: this spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus comprises EM induction system, electric power system, cooling system and casing, EM induction system is made up of yoke group and the coil be enclosed within yoke group, it is characterized in that: yoke group is carried on the back by yoke and carried on the back with yoke several yoke end faces be connected and forms, yoke end face is obliquely installed along place plane relative to the yoke back of the body.
Optional relative to vertical direction-70 ° ~ 70 ° of yoke end slope angle.
Between each yoke end face, gap can at 1 ~ 1000mm.
Utilize spiral electromagnetic field (SMF) to stir metal bath, strand equiaxial crystal ratio more than 10% ~ 20% can be improved, reduce and even eliminate shrinkage cavity and porosity in the middle part of strand, reduce segregation.Because of the structure by only changing yoke, just auger can be realized, and the novel space shared by SMF agitation generators and the mode of connection and traditional RMF agitator do not have difference, the cost of device fabrication cost and traditional rotary magnetic field stirring device is suitable, far below complex and spiral magnetic field agitation device, so be applicable to replacing traditional rotating excitation field and traveling-wave magnetic stirrer.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traditional rotating excitation field EM induction system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus EM induction system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is embodiment 1 spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus front view;
Fig. 4 is embodiment 1 spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus top view;
Fig. 5 is embodiment 2 spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus front view;
Fig. 6 is embodiment 2 spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus top view;
Fig. 7 is that spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus electromagnetic force of the present invention reverses principle schematic;
The solidification features of aluminium alloy when Fig. 8 is different condition;
Wherein, 1: agitator case lid; 2: upper cushion block; 3: coil; 4: yoke end face; 5: casing; 6: lower cushion block; 7: bolt; 8: suspension ring; 9: power interface; 10: delivery port; 11: water inlet; 12: yoke is carried on the back
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is further described:
As shown in Figure 1, 2: this spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus comprises EM induction system, electric power system, cooling system and casing, EM induction system is made up of yoke group and the coil 3 be enclosed within yoke group, yoke group carries on the back 12 and carry on the back 12 several yoke end faces 4 be connected with yoke and form by yoke, and yoke end face 4 carries on the back relative to yoke the inclination that 12 have certain angle along place plane.
Yoke group generally selects the orientation silicon steel that magnetic conductivity is good, coercivity is low, magnetic loss is low, simultaneously also can according to the occasion be suitable for, choose other material, as pure iron, electrical pure iron, ferritic stainless steel, amorphous alloy material, iron based nano crystal carrying material, metal magnetic and various Fe-based amorphous carrying materials etc.
The altitude range of yoke group, can according to the object stirred and device space adjustment at 10 ~ 5000mm.
Coil 3 can be entwined with the wire rod of copper conductor, hollow copper pipe or other high conductivity material, tubing.Its principal character is that coil 3 can be wrapped in space between yoke with arrangements such as gram winding, overlapping winding and concentratred winding.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figures 3 and 4, is applicable to the spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus that strand is circle base or square billet.
1, EM induction system
Be made up of the yoke group of one group of coil windings 3 and silicon steel material.Coil 3 is turned to by hollow copper wire, interiorly can lead to water quench.Coil is enclosed within yoke after insulation processing, and yoke is supported and fixed in casing 5 by lower cushion block 6 and upper cushion block 2.Coil 3 alive size be the key factor affecting mixing effect, electric current should be adjustable within the scope of 0 ~ rated current as required.The yoke end face 4 tilted is keys of the present invention, each yoke end face 4 is obliquely installed relative to the yoke back of the body 12,30 ° are tilted relative to vertical direction, the height of yoke group is 80mm, each yoke end face 4 gaps are 15mm, have 6 yoke end faces 4, the corresponding yoke back of the body 12 head and the tail connect to form regular hexagon.
2, electric power system
Electric power system is made up of three phase mains cabinet and frequency-conversion control cabinet.Coil connects three phase mains, phase 120 ° between every phase winding by power interface 9 star or dihedral connection.Choosing of supply frequency is relevant with size with the physical property of melt, generally at 1 ~ 100Hz.When carrying out electromagnetic agitation, stirring clockwise or counterclockwise and changing the direction (up or down) of vertical direction electromagnetic force of horizontal direction can be realized by the position exchanging any two-phase in three phase mains.
3, cooling system
The two ends of each coil join end to end with insulation rubber tube respectively, then are connected with delivery port 10 with water inlet 11, and intake-outlet connects water pump and cistern respectively, form cooling circuit.The power of water pump is suitable to ensure that mixing plant normally operates to.
4, casing
Casing 5 and agitator case lid 1 select non-magnetic stainless steel, fix with bolt 7, are used for protecting magnetic field generator.Body side, by suspension ring 8, is convenient to carrying and the handling of equipment.The internal diameter of agitator is 160mm.Be applicable to the diameter of metal bath that stirs or catercorner length in 150mm.For holding hexagonal EM induction system, casing 5 can be designed to regular hexagon or circle.
This helical magnetic field agitator can be applied in continuous casting, semi-solid casting and directional solidification process, is applicable to the electromagnetic agitation of the metals such as iron and steel, aluminium, magnesium and copper and alloy graining process thereof.In die casting process, can be placed in agitator by melt, the electromagnetic force utilizing agitator to produce carries out auger to melt.It is inside and outside that this device also can be placed on continuous cast mold, metal bath in crystallizer is stirred, if carry out spiral electromagnetic agitation to the liquid core of continuous casting billet of two cold-zones or solidification end, the equiaxial crystal ratio of strand can be improved, thinning microstructure, alleviate composition segregation and internal stress, reduce Shrinkage cavity and form probability.
Embodiment 2: as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, is applicable to the spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus that strand is slab.
1, EM induction system
By one group, there is high saturation induction density, the yoke group of high permeability and the coil 3 be wrapped in yoke group to form.As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, yoke group is carried on the back 12 by yoke and is formed with several yoke end faces 4, alinement.Yoke end face 4 is obliquely installed relative to the yoke back of the body 12, and be 25 ° relative to the angle between vertical direction, yoke group height 200mm, yoke end face 4 gaps are 20mm.Have 7 yoke end faces 4 linearly to arrange, also can be made up of the linearity configuration of similar traveling-wave magnetic stirrer more yoke end face 4, for the auger of slab and elongated zones.Yoke group relies on the upper cushion block 2 of isolation material and lower cushion block 6 to be fixed in casing 5.Coil 3 can pass into two-phase or three-phase alternating current, coil alive size be the key factor affecting mixing effect, electric current should be adjustable within the scope of 0 ~ rated current as required.
2, electric power system
Electric power system comprises two-phase or three phase mains cabinet and frequency-conversion control cabinet.Coil passes through power interface 9 by wire connecting power.Choosing of supply frequency is relevant with size with the physical property of melt, generally at 0.1 ~ 100Hz.For the working environment of applicable complexity, the insulating barrier of wire should be high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant.When carrying out electromagnetic agitation, can be changed the direction of electromagnetic force two component by the position exchanging any two-phase in power supply, horizontal direction component can realize the change of left and right, and the component of vertical direction can realize upper and lower change.
3, cooling system
The heat that its heat that electromagnetic stirring equipment self will be produced and environment pass to equipment is taken away, to ensure that equipment has high electricity-magnetic conversion efficiency.Electromagnetic stirring system is placed in casing 5 after insulation processing, and the water inlet 11 on casing 5 is connected water pump and cistern with delivery port 10 respectively by water pipe, forms cooling circuit.
4, casing
Casing 5 is made up of the metal and nonmetallic materials thin plate with some strength and rigidity; relatively more conventional has austenitic stainless steel thin plate, high strength organic material, engineering plastics and composite etc.; these materials can be used for protecting internal unit, are also beneficial to magnetic conduction simultaneously.According to the structure of agitator EM induction system, casing 5 is designed to linear pattern.
Owing to having long and narrow linear structure, thus this device can be placed on continuous casting line and carry out auger to slab.When stirring slab, group (in the both sides of slab or be arranged above and below) or two one to one can be adopted to carry out combined type stirring to one group according to actual conditions.It is inside and outside that this device also can be placed on continuous cast mold, metal bath in crystallizer is stirred, if carry out spiral electromagnetic agitation to the liquid core of continuous casting billet of two cold-zones or solidification end, equiaxial crystal ratio can be improved equally, thinning microstructure, alleviate composition segregation and internal stress, reduce Shrinkage cavity and form probability.
Its principle of spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus of the present invention is as shown in Figure 7: the magnetic field that alternating current produces can from a yoke end face 4 " walking " to another yoke end face 4, the space of its path orthogonal between yoke end face 4.Then consistent with the direction of magnetic field movement by the interact electromagnetic force that produces of shifting magnetic field and induced current.After yoke end face 4 is by rotation θ angle, shifting magnetic field is twisted and electromagnetic force vector also changes.According to vector rule, the F after change can be broken down into the F of horizontal direction
rwith the F of vertical direction
t.
The electromagnetic agitation of different modes is carried out to Al-12Si-2.3Ni-3.3Cu (mass percent) alloy, and has compared with the microstructure without the ingot casting stirred.Test agitator parameter used, the physical parameter of alloy and pouring condition in table 1.
The physical parameter of table 1. agitator parameter, alloy and pouring condition.
The detailed process of experiment is as follows.With the alloy melting that well formula resistance furnace will configure, and 600 DEG C of insulations 10 minutes, then aluminum melt is poured in iron spoon and prepare cast.Experiment is divided into three kinds of situations: a) when melt temperature is down to 570 DEG C in iron spoon, it is directly poured into cooled and solidified in the crucible of preheating; B) when melt temperature is down to 570 DEG C in iron spoon, poured in the crucible of the preheating be placed in traditional RMF agitator, now ensured that the center of aluminum melt and the center of agitator are in same position.While cast starts, open stirrer source carry out electromagnetic agitation, operating current is 10A; C) when melt temperature is down to 570 DEG C in iron spoon, poured in the crucible of the preheating be placed in SMF agitator, now ensured that the center of aluminum melt and the center of agitator are in same position.While cast starts, open stirrer source carry out spiral electromagnetic agitation, operating current is 10A.Stopping electromagnetic agitation after melt solidifies completely.Cut from its middle section by sample after solidifying, centre and the edging tissue of middle section of materialsing are analyzed.
Experimental result:
The edge of sample when Fig. 8 is three kinds of different curing conditions and middle part micro-organization chart.Fig. 8 (a) and (d) are edge and the middle part solidified structure of sample when not having electromagnetic agitation respectively.As can be seen from Fig. 8 (a), sample edge α dendrite is thick, and a large amount of pore appears in the middle part that Fig. 8 (d) is presented at sample.Fig. 8 (b) and (e) are the edge and the middle part solidified structure that apply sample when RMF stirs respectively.Use RMF stir time, the obvious refinement of microstructure of edge, large dendritic crystal disappear, replacement be tiny spherical α primary crystal, but the center of sample also have a small amount of pore.Fig. 8 (c) and (f) are edge and the middle part micro-organization chart of sample when adopting SMF to stir.As can be seen from the figure, organize homogeneous inside and outside ingot casting, α primary crystal is based on spherical, and in the sample, the middle part of sample does not have pore simultaneously near uniform distribution.
Claims (2)
1. a spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus, comprise EM induction system, electric power system, cooling system and casing (5), EM induction system is gripped group by magnetic and is enclosed within the coil (3) that magnetic grips in group and forms, it is characterized in that: magnetic is gripped group and gripped the back of the body (12) by magnetic and gripped with magnetic and carry on the back several magnetic that (12) be connected and grip end face (4) and form, magnetic is gripped end face (4) and is gripped the back of the body (12) along place plane relative to magnetic and be obliquely installed, and it is-70 ° ~ 70 ° that described magnetic grips end face (4) angle of inclination relative to vertical direction.
2. spiral electromagnetic mixing apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described each magnetic grips gap between end face (4) is 1 ~ 1000mm.
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| CN201110160188.2A CN102825245B (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2011-06-14 | Helical electromagnetic stirring device |
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| CN201110160188.2A CN102825245B (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2011-06-14 | Helical electromagnetic stirring device |
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| CN102825245B true CN102825245B (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103464705A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-25 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic flow control method for retarding crystallizer liquid level fluctuation |
| CN105710348A (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2016-06-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Device and method for removing inclusions through refined bubbles |
| CN105935752B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-07-23 | 东北大学 | A kind of vertical electromagnetic agitation method controlling slab center mass |
| CN107116191B (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2020-09-29 | 东北大学 | Combined type spiral electromagnetic stirrer |
| CN109638990A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-16 | 石家庄爱迪尔电气有限公司 | Fixed electromagnetic eddy flow magnetic field generator |
| CN109967708B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-01-03 | 燕山大学 | Oblique pole type crystallizer electromagnetic stirrer |
| CN112828250A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 北京科技大学 | Casting device and method for preparing fine-grain alloy with low segregation degree |
| CN112974749A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-18 | 东北大学 | Electromagnetic stirring device and method for improving feeding capacity and center quality of casting blank liquid core |
| CN113102704A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-13 | 郭之珩 | Electromagnetic stirring device and electromagnetic stirring processing method |
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| JPS5842780B2 (en) * | 1980-03-28 | 1983-09-21 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Electromagnetic stirring method and device |
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| JPH06315740A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-11-15 | Leotec:Kk | Manufacture of semi-solidified metallic slurry by magnetic stirrer |
| CN201143553Y (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2008-11-05 | 中国长江航运集团电机厂 | Electromagnetic agitator |
| CA2730616A1 (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2010-01-21 | Norbert Vogl | Electromagnetic braking device on continuous casting molds |
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| JPS5842780B2 (en) * | 1980-03-28 | 1983-09-21 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Electromagnetic stirring method and device |
| CN86100380A (en) * | 1986-02-20 | 1987-09-02 | 丹尼利机械厂联合股票公司 | continuous casting production line with multifunctional stirrer |
| JPH06315740A (en) * | 1993-05-11 | 1994-11-15 | Leotec:Kk | Manufacture of semi-solidified metallic slurry by magnetic stirrer |
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| CA2730616A1 (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2010-01-21 | Norbert Vogl | Electromagnetic braking device on continuous casting molds |
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Application publication date: 20121219 Assignee: Yueyang Yuli Electric Co., Ltd Assignor: ANGANG Steel Company Limited Contract record no.: X2019210000044 Denomination of invention: Electromagnetic device for stirring metal melt spirally Granted publication date: 20150708 License type: Common License Record date: 20191206 |
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Application publication date: 20121219 Assignee: HUNAN KEMEIDA ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd. Assignor: ANGANG STEEL Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2021210000019 Denomination of invention: Spiral electromagnetic stirring device Granted publication date: 20150708 License type: Common License Record date: 20210429 |