CN102821491A - Intelligent acquiring and network self-adaptive controller for Internet of Things - Google Patents
Intelligent acquiring and network self-adaptive controller for Internet of Things Download PDFInfo
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- CN102821491A CN102821491A CN2012102656463A CN201210265646A CN102821491A CN 102821491 A CN102821491 A CN 102821491A CN 2012102656463 A CN2012102656463 A CN 2012102656463A CN 201210265646 A CN201210265646 A CN 201210265646A CN 102821491 A CN102821491 A CN 102821491A
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Abstract
The invention provides an intelligent acquiring and network self-adaptive controller for Internet of Things. A mainstream FPGA (field programmable gate array) control chip is adopted as a main controller. The controller mainly comprises a main processor, a data storage module, a wireless transceiving module, a touch screen, a power supply and a sensor expansion interface, wherein the data storage module, the wireless transceiving module, the touch screen, the power supply and the sensor expansion interface are respectively connected with the main processor; the writing of corresponding IP core is carried out by utilizing an electronic data sheet, a network adapter and intelligent transducer concepts stated in IEEE1451 standard, so that the automatic identification access to sensors of different vendors, the self-adaptive connection and switching of different networks, and the dynamic configuration function of peripheral circuits of the traditional analog sensor and the intelligent sensor are achieved.
Description
Technical field
Collection of Internet of Things sensor intelligent and network self-adapting controller are a kind of multisensor intelligence perception that possesses; The portable handheld device of sharing from the sensing data source that is dynamically connected between multiple network; Dynamic Reconfiguration and the IEEE1451 sensor intelligent access technology of FPGA that this controller is inner integrated; The collection, the network that can be applicable to the thing network sensing layer device data are shared, and belong to Internet of Things and Embedded Application field.
Background technology
Internet of Things be one based on information-bearing bodies such as the Internet, conventional telecommunications nets, let all be linked into the network that the physical object in the network can be interconnected.From Technical Architecture, Internet of Things can be divided into sensing layer, network layer and application layer.Sensing layer is to be made up of different types of transducer and transducer gateway, is the source of Internet of Things recognition object, Information Monitoring.
Existing sensing layer transducer often produces a lot of difficulties when connecting system; This mainly is because the access majority of transducer has adopted proprietary circuit design; Intellectualized reconstruction for traditional sensors needs a very long process, and the expense of manpower and financial resources all can not subtotal.In addition, the transducer of different manufacturers production is very different in the definition of data type, sensing data read-write control etc., carry out uniform data format to the various kinds of sensors of sensing layer to write, and also can be an extremely large order.
To the intellectualized reconstruction of traditional sensors, IEEE-USA has released the IEEE1451.2 standard, and this standard has been stipulated intelligence sensor design of hardware and software framework and relevant interface agreement more all sidedly.But this agreement also is faced with some problems: the peripheral circuit of traditional sensors and intelligence sensor have bigger difference, need upgrade to available circuit to the design improvement again of traditional sensors dispatch from foreign news agency circuit, and improvement project is huge.
Even if existing transducer is linked in the system, the networks of different type agreement that how to adapt to zones of different is again another big obstruction of puzzlement Internet of Things development.Though Internet of Things is based on the network that grows up on the basis, the Internet, for the more access of multiple terminals node, can outside the Internet, add polytype network standard as expansion, enrich the quantity and the kind of node.And present sensor network artis has just possessed a kind of specific network protocol usually, and when needs connected the network of different network type, the newly-increased new gateway node of just having to increased the more equipment input cost.
Summary of the invention
The FPGA control chip that the Internet of Things sensor intelligent is gathered and the network self-adapting controller adopts main flow is as main controller; Utilize the electronic data sheet, network adapter and the intelligent transducer notion that propose in the IEEE1451 standard to carry out writing of corresponding IP kernel, realized the automatic identification access to different vendor's transducer, self adaptation connection, switching and the traditional analog transducer of heterogeneous networks, the dynamic-configuration function of intelligence sensor peripheral circuit.
A kind of Internet of Things sensor intelligent provided by the invention is gathered and the network self-adapting controller, and its hardware characteristics is:
Collection of Internet of Things sensor intelligent and network self-adapting controller are hereinafter to be referred as controller, and this controller hardware comprises primary processor, data memory module, radio receiving transmitting module, touch-screen, power supply and transducer expansion interface.Data memory module, radio receiving transmitting module, touch-screen, power module and transducer expansion interface all link to each other with primary processor respectively.
But this primary processor adopts the dynamic-configuration fpga chip, is responsible for handling the various kinds of sensors data message of thing network sensing layer and the Comprehensive Control that adaptive network is chosen.Simultaneously; When the user wants to insert different classes of transducer; This primary processor can be in the state of controller work; At any time flexible configuration makes new advances and inserts the required peripheral hardware circuit of transducer, makes the new transducer that inserts can adapt to the operational environment of this controller, and can not have influence on the operate as normal of other transducers.
This radio receiving transmitting module is mainly used in network and connects and communication, and the wireless connections mode that relates to mainly contains Zigbee communications protocol, bluetooth communication agreement, WIFI communications protocol and mobile phone GSM, WCDMA or TD-LTE communications protocol.Through this radio receiving transmitting module, the environment that controller can cover in above-mentioned any one wireless communication signal down realization to the connection of thing network sensing layer sensing data, share.
Data memory module has two types of main functions, data temporary storage area when inserting on the one hand as multisensor, and common primary processor and radio receiving transmitting module swap data have been guaranteed the situation that the data of many groups transducer are not lost; On the other hand, data memory module can be realized the preservation of controller to data as the longer-term storage zone of sensing data, copy function, and the aspect is reanalysing institute's image data in the future.
Touch-screen is as man-machine interactive platform, in real time available wireless network situation under display controller operating state, thing network sensing layer number of nodes and data message, the current environment, and situation such as controller self electric quantity; The user also can be configured and choose sensing layer transducer and wireless network through touch-screen.
The design of transducer expansion interface makes thing network sensing layer equipment to be linked in the controller system very easily.Simultaneously, interface has also been carried out differentiation physically to the transducer of difference signal, makes interface can well adapt to the access of variety classes sensing layer equipment.
Based on above hardware platform, the intelligent transducer that having designed and Implemented of the invention property meets the IEEE1451.2 consensus standard and the FPGA implementation method of network adapter.Because this method for designing adopted the thinking of design hardware circuit to set up intelligent transducer and network adapter, have very big differently with intelligent transducer of realizing with software on the existing traditional sense and network adapter, mainly show:
● intelligent transducer and network adapter repertoire are realized (based on the VHDL hardware description language) with hardware, and system real time and reliability are far above software implementation method;
● this method for designing is with reference to the IEEE1451.2 standard agreement; Meet the IEEE1451.2 consensus standard fully; The existing method for designing of contrast, the present invention is achieved this agreement repertoire in a fpga chip, reduced hardware spending to the full extent; Reduce cost, also improved level of integrated system and stability;
● this method for designing has combined advantages such as the IP kernel of FPGA is multiplexing; Multiple network agreement IP kernel is provided in an embedded system; And can realize between a plurality of networks parallel the connection and the characteristic of shared sensor data, transmit on time-delay and the many networks shared data in data parallel transmission, data and be higher than the existing network connection device far away.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the Internet of Things sensor intelligent is gathered and network self-adapting controller front elevation
Fig. 2: the Internet of Things sensor intelligent is gathered and network self-adapting controller internal structure sketch map
The embedded soft nuclear bus of Fig. 3: Microblaze connects sketch map
Fig. 4: the functional structure chart that the intelligent transducer module realizes on FPGA
Fig. 5: the functional structure chart that network adapter realizes on FPGA
Embodiment
, these diagrams are being described in detail to Fig. 5 part in conjunction with Fig. 1 with the lower part:
Collection of Internet of Things sensor intelligent and network self-adapting controller are a portable handheld devices, can be widely used in thing network sensing layer sensor device data collection, gather, multiple wireless network connects, the function of shared data.It is flexible, various to have image data, easy to operate characteristic.This controller positive (shown in Figure 1 like accompanying drawing) is made up of a touch-screen and transducer expansion interface.The adding of touch-screen is mainly considered the user in this equipment of use, and the easy operating process of can trying one's best is implemented to see by the characteristic of pick-up transducers data message.In addition, the benefit of touch-screen considers that upgrading product is regenerated in the future, for example to the further analyzing and processing of image data, can well carry out alternately with the user with the mode of touch-screen.The transducer expansion interface is made up of the many groups of contact pin type interfaces that can plug arbitrarily, is mainly used in to connect the thing network sensing layer device end, or uses as the line interface when being used for extension sensor.This transducer expansion interface is mainly distinguished the transducer unlike signal; Mainly be divided into analog signals acquisition interface and digital quantity signal acquisition interface; And different voltages with different distinguished the infringement of having avoided the difference of transducer output that capture card equipment is caused.
This controller inner (shown in Figure 2 like accompanying drawing) mainly contains each hardware module that realizes function and forms; Mainly comprised the primary processor fpga chip; Memory module comprises random access memory ram and read only memory ROM or FLASH; Reusable rechargeable battery, the hardware module of all kinds of consensus standards of support of wireless connections and the built-in aerial that is used for enhancing signal.Because the advantage of this controller is to connect dissimilar multiple wireless networks, so support the hardware device of wireless protocols to occupy the main space of controller.
FPGA is a field programmable gate array, and it is the product that on the basis of programming devices such as PAL, GAL, CPLD, further develops.It occurs as a kind of semi-custom circuit in application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (ASIC) field, has both solved the deficiency of custom circuit, has overcome the limited shortcoming of original programming device gate circuit number again.Therefore, fpga chip can with a chip internal according to different configurations, accomplish the structure of multiple functional circuit, the application scheme that can satisfy the demands and constantly change.The Virtex-5 Series FPGA chip of U.S. XILINX company provides many solutions with abundant logic, DSP, soft, hard microprocessor and linkage function; The more important thing is; In the Virtex-5 chip; Fpga chip begins to support the dynamic local reconfiguration technology, and this makes the FPGA internal hardware resources realize time-sharing multiplex, has improved the utilization rate of resource.Utilize the restructural characteristics and the above-mentioned dynamic local reconfiguration technology of Virtex-5 Series FPGA chip; This controller can be gathered the different classes of sensing layer device data of many groups simultaneously; And the equipment of new adding system carried out the Configuration Online of hardware driving, guaranteed system's stability and flexibility in use.
MicroBlaze is based on the microprocessor IP kernel (notion of IP kernel is appreciated that and is the driver of hardware device in FPGA) of the FPGA of Xilinx company here and other peripheral hardware IP kernel together, can accomplish the design of programmable chip system.32 bit instructions and the data/address bus of MicroBlaze processor adopting RISC framework and Harvard structure can be carried out the program that is stored in on-chip memory and the external memory storage at full speed, and visit data wherein.Have the speed of service fast, take advantages such as resource is few, configurability is strong.This controller adopts the embedded system of the soft nuclear of MicroBlaze as this controller, through data/address bus and instruction bus each functional module IP kernel is connected, and has realized communication and co-ordination (shown in Figure 3 like accompanying drawing) between each functional module of system.The Microblaze soft-core processor is connected with RAM equipment through instruction local bus memory and data this memory bus, can exchange data information and the address of data deposit command information; Through the data peripheral bus be connected to the peripheral hardware interaction datas at different levels in the system, and through OPB bus control unit management external device data information; Be connected with FLASH/ROM equipment through the instruction peripheral bus, be used to store the long term data information that to lose.
The IEEE1451 standard has very big meaning to networked smart sensor; It mainly is the interface between software and hardware standard of the transducer or the actuator of this standard definition; For transducer or actuator provide the definition of standardized communication interface and software and hardware, make the various network agreement to communicate through the interface standard of IEEE1451 definition.The characteristics various for the thing network sensing layer device category, that interface standard and data format definition differ, the notion of the electronic data sheet that proposes in the IEEE1451.2 standard can well address this problem.It makes transducer have self-description ability and self-recognition capability; Can support the sensor and actuator of many types; Particular type, behavior, attribute of performance and the relevant parameter of transducer are described, for example: information such as sensor production merchant's title, the type of transducer, traffic rate etc.Through to the gathering in advance of different vendor's sensor information, be written as a sensor information electrical form, during transducer afterwards inserts and uses, as long as mode, just can easily get access to the details of each manufacturer's variety classes transducer to table look-up.
The transmitter electronic data sheet is one of of paramount importance notion in the IEEE1451.2 agreement; It also is one of of paramount importance notion (shown in Figure 4) among the intelligent transducer interface module STIM (Smart Transducer Interface Module) like accompanying drawing; A STIM can connect a large amount of sensors of various types or actuator; What connect is the various kinds of equipment of thing network sensing layer here, comprises equipment 1 to equipment n.Accompanying drawing is shown in Figure 4 mechanism map that to be above-mentioned each functional module realize in FPGA with the mode of IP kernel; Because connection hardware equipment is to the FPGA primary processor; Needing the driver of configuration corresponding device, is the embodied with IP kernel in FPGA, so the corresponding IP kernel of each equipment among the figure.The TEDS electronic data sheet also joins in the STIM module with the form of independent IP kernel, and the support of corresponding informance is provided for the intelligence access of transducer.This provides solution route to common Intelligence of Sensors transformation; Through the TEDS transmitter electrical form function that in FPGA, realizes; Can be so that this controller possesses the ability that Intelligent Recognition is found all kinds of sensing layer sensor devices; In conjunction with the dynamic peripheral circuit arrangement of FPGA, automatic identification, access function have been realized to different vendor's transducer.The right is the data-interface TII (Transducer Intelligent Interface) of STIM module when being connected with the NCAP module among the STIM figure, and it is alternative that wherein TII can use the data communication protocol of present main flow, for example SPI interface, ICC interface etc.
The notion of NCAP (Network Capable Application Processor) has been proposed, i.e. network adapter in the IEEE1451.1 consensus standard.NCAP mainly carries out functions such as network service, STIM communication, exchanges data, is as the interface (shown in Figure 5 like accompanying drawing) between standard transducer bus and the dedicated network bus.Accompanying drawing 5 still is figure from each functional module correspondence of NCAP with the implementation structure on the FPGA; Explained that each intermodule is in the inner annexation of FPGA; Form with IP kernel appears, and wherein, the STIM and the STIM among accompanying drawing Fig. 4 of accompanying drawing Fig. 5 high order end are same modules; TII interface connector IP kernel module through among the NCAP is carried out the connection on the function, carries out the communication of data; And be used to connect the network service IP kernel of the hardware device of each heterogeneous networks, all be connected with embedded OS based on the soft nuclear of Microblaze.Through above-mentioned connected mode, can well utilize the advantage of the soft nuclear of Microblaze, through adding or the mode of deletion IP kernel, just can easily the peripheral hardware hardware of system be upgraded or transform, and can not have influence on the framework or the function of entire system.
When this controller had connected the relevant device of thing network sensing layer, each hardware module that is used for network service began to start, and the network that this environment covers is down searched.When in case controller finds available diverse network; Controller can show that automatically optional network specific digit is used for the transmission of sharing of data through touch-screen; Let the user choose objective network, share or carry out the exchanges data under the heterogeneous networks uploading of the enterprising line data of particular network according to different demands.In addition, also can with other programming apparatus, share the sensor information in the environment of internet of things like mobile phone, PDA, panel computer etc. through wireless protocols such as bluetooth, WIFI.
Comprehensive above the description, collection of Internet of Things sensor intelligent and network self-adapting controller can well be applied to data acquisition, the transmitting-receiving of various occasions under the environment of internet of things, and can realize the data sharing function between the heterogeneous networks easily.Through connecting different mobile devices; This controller can be expanded the peripheral hardware kind of mobile device; For example be mobile phone cut-in temperature, humidity information content; Also can gather current environment all kinds of environmental data information down, be presented among the social networks, greatly strengthen the man-machine interaction under the reality environment and experienced through the inner application program of mobile phone through mobile device.
Claims (2)
1. an Internet of Things sensor intelligent is gathered and the network self-adapting controller, it is characterized in that:
Collection of Internet of Things sensor intelligent and network self-adapting controller are hereinafter to be referred as controller, and this controller hardware comprises primary processor, data memory module, radio receiving transmitting module, touch-screen, power supply and transducer expansion interface; Data memory module, radio receiving transmitting module, touch-screen, power module and transducer expansion interface all link to each other with primary processor respectively;
But this primary processor adopts the dynamic-configuration fpga chip, is responsible for handling the various kinds of sensors data message of thing network sensing layer and the Comprehensive Control that adaptive network is chosen;
Data temporary storage area when data memory module inserts as multisensor on the one hand, confession primary processor and radio receiving transmitting module swap data have been guaranteed the situation that the data of many groups transducer are not lost; On the other hand, data memory module is realized the preservation of controller to data, copy function as the longer-term storage zone of sensing data;
Touch-screen is as man-machine interactive platform, in real time available wireless network situation under display controller operating state, thing network sensing layer number of nodes and data message, the current environment, and controller self electric quantity; The user is configured and chooses sensing layer transducer and wireless network through touch-screen.
2. one kind meets the intelligent transducer of IEEE1451.2 consensus standard and the FPGA implementation method of network adapter, it is characterized in that:
● intelligent transducer and network adapter function realize (based on the VHDL hardware description language) with hardware mode in the IEEE1451.2 standard, have made full use of real-time and the reliability of FPGA, and systematic function is far above software implementation method;
● this method for designing meets the IEEE1451.2 consensus standard fully, simultaneously, the existing method for designing of contrast, the present invention is achieved this agreement repertoire in a fpga chip, reduce hardware spending, reduces cost, and has also improved level of integrated system and stability;
● this method for designing has been utilized the multiplexing advantage of IP kernel among the FPGA; In an embedded system, provide the multiple network agreement corresponding IP kernel (being the hardware drive program of procotol), can realize connecting simultaneously between a plurality of networks the characteristic that reaches shared sensor data under a plurality of network environments.On multi-channel data parallel transmission, data transmission time-delay and multi-network environment shared data, be higher than the existing network connection device far away.
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| CN106254512A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2016-12-21 | 刘杰 | A kind of Intelligent internet of things equipment |
| CN106686753A (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2017-05-17 | 英特尔Ip公司 | Aggregated wireless driver and method |
| CN109143932A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-04 | 众声物联（天津）科技有限公司 | A kind of configurable device and method based on Internet of Things |
| CN113923205A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-01-11 | 上海交通大学 | Remote reconfiguration system of intelligent sensing terminal of Internet of things |
| CN114219059A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-22 | 北京众谊越泰科技有限公司 | Integrated structure and method of intelligent Internet of things label |
| CN114760285A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-15 | 福建新大陆软件工程有限公司 | Internet of things sensor configuration and control method and system |
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| CN113923205B (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-08-12 | 上海交通大学 | Remote reconfiguration system of intelligent sensing terminal of Internet of things |
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