CN102819644B - Complex cascading failure simulation method of power system - Google Patents
Complex cascading failure simulation method of power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102819644B CN102819644B CN2012102892108A CN201210289210A CN102819644B CN 102819644 B CN102819644 B CN 102819644B CN 2012102892108 A CN2012102892108 A CN 2012102892108A CN 201210289210 A CN201210289210 A CN 201210289210A CN 102819644 B CN102819644 B CN 102819644B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a complex cascading failure simulation method of a power system. The complex cascading failure simulation method comprises random failure scene generation and complex cascading failure simulation, so that cascading open caused by overload of a circuit can be considered through analysis of complex cascading failure, and a transient stability problem caused by large disturbance in the cascading open with complex size in a long time can also be considered, thereby guaranteeing more accurate analysis of the complex cascading failure. Through failure simulation, the influence of a strong wind climate condition on the power system can be simulated, and failure scenes which cause system instability and loss of a large amount of electric energy are learnt, so that the operation of an actual power system can be guided according to the simulation condition, and an instable failure scene is avoided by cutting off a corresponding circuit, thereby improving the stable operation capacity of the power system after the complex cascading failure occurs.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fault simulation method of electric system, specifically the complicated successive failure emulation mode in a kind of electric system, belong to simulation technical field.
Background technology
Electric system in operational process, inevitably can be broken down, and how accurately to learn the impact of fault on electric system, and people have carried out large quantity research.For the impact of electrical network physical attribute on mains breakdown, research thinks that electrical network has typical self-organization critical characteristic (Self-Organized Criticality, SOC), three major types cascading failure model has been proposed in succession, mainly comprise: the cascading failure model of topological structure Network Based, based on the cascading failure model of element cascading failure with based on the cascading failure of electrical network dynamic perfromance and the hazard model of having a power failure on a large scale.Above-mentioned model provides the certain methods of some electrical network SOC researchs, but mainly takes the method for trend computational analysis.
Then actual power-failure counting data but disclose, can be due to large disturbance (as circuit three-phase shortcircuit permanent fault etc. during quite a few is had a power failure on a large scale and develops, excision respective lines etc. after fault) lose stablely, and then cause generator excision, load excision and trend to shift, finally cause cascading failure.Therefore, in electrical network is had a power failure on a large scale hazard model, after electric power system fault, can reach new steady-state operation state or return to original state most important through transient state process, so need the electric power system transient stability process after the consideration fault.In Chinese patent literature CN102403717A, a kind of method for evaluating severity of power system fault is disclosed, step is: the target grid system is generated the fault collection automatically; The node of evaluation is included in selection in; Arbitrary fault group that fault is concentrated is carried out electromechanical transient simulation calculating, according to simulation process information, judge whether system merit angle, voltage, frequency unstability have occurred; Calculate respectively the serious coefficient of this fault according to merit angle, voltage, three indexs of frequency; Aforementioned three serious coefficients that obtain are weighted combination draw comprehensive serious coefficient; Repeat abovementioned steps, complete the serious coefficient calculations of fault being concentrated all fault groups; Each fault group that fault is concentrated sorts by comprehensively seriously coefficient is descending, the output complete list.The disclosed method of this technical scheme is paid close attention to the impact of electric power system fault on transient stability, can sort by the order of severity to the numerous fault type of target grid rapidly, finds out the restrictive fault that affects security of system stable operation.In this technical scheme, although consider the impact of catastrophic failure on transient stability, but only provide the method that catastrophic failure is estimated, analyzing on the transient stability problem catastrophic failure not, people still can't understand the ruuning situation of the rear electric system of breaking down, and can't take measures in advance to tackle electric system causes after fault occurs impact.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is that chain that complex fault analysis of the prior art only considers that circuit overload causes cut-offs, considers complicatedly to bother the moving transient state problem that causes in succession cut-offfing, thereby provide a kind of chain cut-offfing of considering that not only circuit overload causes, and consider complicatedly to bother the moving transient state problem that causes in succession cut-offfing, analyze the complicated successive failure emulation mode of electric system more accurately.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The complicated successive failure emulation mode of a kind of electric system, comprise the steps:
(1) the random fault scene generates, and comprises following process:
1.1, the number of fault scenes, the random circuit of selecting to generate fault, computational scheme total length be set;
1.2, import basic flow data, be set fault-time;
1.3, select faulty line, judgement line status also to carry out fault to generate;
1.4, obtain failure free time at random;
1.5, judge whether to meet end condition, does not meet and forward step 1.3 to, otherwise termination failure generates;
(2) each scene is carried out complicated successive failure emulation successively, comprises following process:
2.1, the failure message of the fault scenes that generates in read step (1), statistics fault sum;
2.2, by time of origin, fault is sorted;
2.3, import trend and dynamic data, obtain first time of failure, non-fault duration subsequently;
2.4, failed operation is set, and according to the failed operation consequence, judge whether to form new isolated island, if form isolated island add up new isolated island bus number and preserve relevant information, isolated island median generatrix number, greater than default maximum isolated island bus number, stops emulation;
2.5, carry out two non-fault emulation between fault;
2.6, judge whether unstability of system, if unstability add up unstability unit number;
2.7, judge whether to handle all faults,, as not handling, go to step 2.4; As be disposed, stop emulation.
The complicated successive failure emulation mode of described electric system, in described step (1), adopt the PSSE system to carry out emulation.
The complicated successive failure emulation mode of described electric system, in described step 1.1, the method for computational scheme total length is: at first calculate or search the length L that obtains i bar circuit
i, i is 1 to N herein, and N is the total number of circuit, more all circuit head and the tail are connected successively, forms a whole circuit, and total line length is D,
The complicated successive failure emulation mode of described electric system, select line fault to adopt the method for roulette in described step 1.3, be specially: at half-open intervals (0, D] the random number r that selects of interior equiprobability, if r is positioned at top and the terminal of circuit i, circuit i is selected is faulty line.
The complicated successive failure emulation mode of described electric system, default maximum isolated island bus number is 40-60.
The complicated successive failure emulation mode of described electric system, default maximum isolated island bus number is 50.
The complicated successive failure emulation mode of described electric system, in described step 1.3, when fault generated, described fault comprised unidirectional short trouble, phase fault and disconnection fault.
The complicated successive failure emulation mode of described electric system, in described step 1.5, end condition is:
1. the isolated island bus outnumbers default maximum isolated island bus number;
2. exist after fault clearance busbar voltage lower than time of 0.5p.u. over two seconds;
3. system maximum work angular difference is over 200 °;
4. network resolves iterations and surpasses 200 times and do not restrain for primary network resolves in the calculating of a step-length, and continuous 1.0s network resolves does not restrain.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
(1) the complicated successive failure emulation mode of electric system of the present invention, comprise that the random fault scene generates and complicated successive failure emulation, make the analysis of complicated successive failure can not only consider chain the cut-offfing that circuit overload causes, and can consider the long time scale complexity in succession cut-off in the transient stability problem that causes of large disturbance, make the analysis of complicated successive failure more accurate.Pass through fault simulation, can simulate the impact of strong wind weather conditions on Operation of Electric Systems, learn which fault scenes can cause the system unstability, lose a large amount of electric energy, therefore can instruct according to analog case the operation of practical power systems, avoid the appearance of jitterbug scene by cutting off respective lines, thereby improved the stable operation ability of electric system after complicated successive failure occurring.Simultaneously, by fault-time and failure free time are set, in time after fault occurs, reservation yardstick actual time and physical process, after system oscillation after fault steadily, carry out non-fault emulation, until fault is arrived next time, both can meet the needs that carry out detailed emulation after fault, can process again the complicated successive failure of ultra-long time yardstick, and can realize the ultra-long time scale complex successive failure of ten hours magnitudes is carried out simulation calculation.
(2) the complicated successive failure emulation mode of electric system of the present invention, default maximum isolated island bus number is 40-60, after isolated island refers to that single-phase or time failure occur in electric system, protective relaying device can be known fault by tripping line fault circuit, exist a certain zone and major network only to deposit unique interconnection this moment, break down and will cause this panel region and major network to be separated into isolated island this moment, isolated island becomes isolated island bus number with the number of lines that major network should be connected, can cause power failure after forming isolated island, power failure among a small circle can receive, but while producing larger isolated island, can cause having a power failure on a large scale, have a strong impact on the supply of electric power, electric system should avoid occurring this kind situation, the value that continues emulation this moment is not obvious, therefore when in the present invention, the isolated island bus outnumbers default maximum isolated island bus and counts, stop emulation, consider the impact of isolated island bus number on power supply, in the present invention, default maximum isolated island bus number is 40-60, preferred 50.
Description of drawings
For content of the present invention is more likely to be clearly understood, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein,
Fig. 1 is circuit Unite principle figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram that random fault scene of the present invention generates;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram that carries out complicated successive failure emulation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below provide an embodiment of the complicated successive failure emulation mode of electric system of the present invention, comprise the steps:
The first step, random fault scene generate, and comprise following process:
1.1, the number of fault scenes, the random circuit of selecting to generate fault, computational scheme total length be set., for the random site at random circuit, circuit generates fault, adopt circuit Unite principle shown in Figure 1 herein, at first calculate or search the length that obtains every circuit, obtain the length L of i bar circuit
i, i is 1 to N herein, and N is the total number of circuit, more all circuit head and the tail are connected successively, forms a whole circuit, and total line length is D,
In the present embodiment, adopt PSSE to carry out emulation, PSSE(electric system simulation device, Power SystemSimulator/Engineering, also write PSS/E), being the Power System Analysis program of present widespread use, is the comprehensive capable software of American Electric Power technology company in the electric system simulation calculating of release in 1976, has comprised the common module of electric system electromechanical transient analytical calculation.While adopting PSSE to carry out emulation, input fault scene parameter, the i.e. number of simulating scenes.
1.2, import basic flow data, be set fault-time.Trend refers to the steady-state distribution situation of voltage in electric system (each node), power (meritorious, idle) (each branch road), can obtain these data by the power system monitor center.The basic trend that the Qingdao Power Grid that adopts when the present embodiment emulation provides, and according to failure rate, can generate at random fault-time.For example, after the unified processing of the circuit in range of influence,, if failure rate is 5 times/hour, namely represent in institute's Study system on average per hour to occur 5 times fault.Can generate at random 5 times fault-time in one hour.
1.3, select faulty line, judgement line status also to carry out fault to generate, by fault, mainly comprise single-phase earthing fault, phase fault and disconnection fault.The single-phase earthing fault probability is 28%, and the phase fault probability is 70%, and the single-phase wire break probability of malfunction is 2%.This value, as the input parameter of analogue simulation system, can be changed as required.While selecting faulty line herein,, for the randomness that guarantees that faulty line is selected, to all circuits, according to overall length, adopt the method for roulette to carry out random screening.Detailed process is: half-open intervals (0, D] the random number r that selects of interior equiprobability, if r is positioned at top and the terminal of circuit i, i.e. r ∈ (d
i-1, d
i], circuit i is selected is faulty line.And the correspondence position of position, trouble spot r on i.
1.4, obtain failure free time at random; , because simulation time is certain, after obtaining fault-time at random, can obtain failure free time.
1.5, judge whether to meet end condition, wherein end condition is: 1, the isolated island bus outnumbers when default maximum isolated island bus is counted and stops, 2, when the time that exists busbar voltage lower than 0.5p.u. after fault clearance surpasses two seconds, stop emulation, stop emulation when system maximum work angular difference surpasses 200 °; 3, network resolves iterations and surpasses 200 times and do not restrain for primary network resolves in the calculating of a step-length, and continuous 1.0s network resolves premature termination while not restraining and withdraws from emulation.Do not meet and forward step 1.3 to, otherwise termination failure generates.
Second step, each scene is carried out complicated successive failure emulation successively, comprises following process:
2.1, the failure message of the fault scenes that generates in read step (1), statistics fault sum.
2.2, by time of origin, fault is sorted.
2.3, import trend and dynamic data, wherein data are from trend and the dynamic data file of Qingdao Power Grid, obtain first time of failure, non-fault duration subsequently.
2.4, failed operation is set, and according to the failed operation consequence, judge whether to form new isolated island, if form isolated island add up new isolated island bus number and preserve relevant information, isolated island median generatrix number, greater than default maximum 50, stops emulation.
after isolated island refers to that single-phase or time failure occur in electric system, protective relaying device can be known fault by tripping line fault circuit, exist a certain zone and major network only to deposit unique interconnection this moment, break down and will cause this panel region and major network to be separated into isolated island this moment, isolated island becomes isolated island bus number with the number of lines that major network should be connected, can cause power failure after forming isolated island, power failure among a small circle can receive, but while producing larger isolated island, can cause having a power failure on a large scale, have a strong impact on Operation of Electric Systems, electric system should avoid occurring this kind situation, the value that continues emulation this moment is not obvious, therefore when in the present invention, the isolated island bus outnumbers default maximum isolated island bus and counts, stop emulation, consider the impact of isolated island bus number on power supply, in the present invention, default maximum isolated island bus number is 50, isolated island bus number surpasses 50 conditions as the emulation premature termination, for the bus number less than stop transport all devices in this isolated island of the isolated island of 50, continue emulation, if the isolated island generation of 50 buses occurs to surpass, stops this fault simulation.As other can conversion embodiment, default maximum isolated island bus number herein can be chosen as 40 or 60.
2.5, carry out two non-fault emulation between fault.Within the trouble-free time, proceed non-fault emulation, until fault is arrived next time, the needs that carry out detailed emulation after fault both can have been met, can process again the complicated successive failure of ultra-long time yardstick, can realize the ultra-long time scale complex successive failure of ten hours magnitudes is carried out simulation calculation.
2.6, judge whether unstability of system, if unstability add up unstability unit number.Most of simulating scenes can not cause the system unstability, only can cause part transformer station to become isolated island, the quantity of this type of scene accounts for 91.4% of whole scenes, but large-scale isolated island may occur in the part scene, and causing losing a large amount of loads, in the part scene, possible loss generates electricity in a large number.Just can understand in detail fault by emulation like this ruuning situation of rear electric system occurs, Operation of Electric Systems is analyzed, the optimum treatment mode after trouble-shooting occurs, reduce the impact of fault on Operation of Electric Systems.
2.7, judge whether to handle all faults,, as not handling, go to step 2.4; As be disposed, stop emulation.
By the complicated successive failure emulation mode of above-mentioned electric system, comprise that the random fault scene generates and complicated successive failure emulation, make the analysis of complicated successive failure can not only consider chain the cut-offfing that circuit overload causes, and can consider the long time scale complexity in succession cut-off in the transient stability problem that causes of large disturbance, make the analysis of complicated successive failure more accurate.Pass through fault simulation, can simulate the impact of strong wind weather conditions on Operation of Electric Systems, learn which fault scenes can cause the system unstability, lose a large amount of electric energy, therefore can instruct according to analog case the operation of practical power systems, avoid the appearance of jitterbug scene by cutting off respective lines, thereby improved the stable operation ability of electric system after complicated successive failure occurring.Simultaneously, by fault-time and failure free time are set, in time after fault occurs, reservation yardstick actual time and physical process, after system oscillation after fault steadily, carry out non-fault emulation, until fault is arrived next time, both can meet the needs that carry out detailed emulation after fault, can process again the complicated successive failure of ultra-long time yardstick, and can realize the ultra-long time scale complex successive failure of ten hours magnitudes is carried out simulation calculation.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example clearly is described, and is not the restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here need not also can't give all embodiments exhaustive.And the apparent variation of being extended out thus or change still are among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. the complicated successive failure emulation mode of electric system, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) the random fault scene generates, and comprises following process:
1.1, the number of fault scenes is set, the random circuit of selecting to generate fault, the computational scheme total length, the method for computational scheme total length is: at first calculate or search the length L that obtains i bar circuit
i, i is 1 to N herein, and N is the total number of circuit, more all circuit head and the tail are connected successively, forms a whole circuit, and total line length is D,
1.2, import basic flow data, be set fault-time;
1.3, select faulty line, the judgement line status also carries out the fault generation, select line fault to adopt the method for roulette, be specially: at half-open intervals (0, D] the random number r that selects of interior equiprobability, if r is positioned at top and the terminal of circuit i, circuit i is selected is faulty line;
1.4, obtain failure free time at random;
1.5, judge whether to meet end condition, does not meet and forward step 1.3 to, otherwise termination failure generates;
(2) each scene is carried out complicated successive failure emulation successively, comprises following process:
2.1, the failure message of the fault scenes that generates in read step (1), statistics fault sum;
2.2, by time of origin, fault is sorted;
2.3, import trend and dynamic data, obtain first time of failure, non-fault duration subsequently;
2.4, failed operation is set, and according to the failed operation consequence, judge whether to form new isolated island, if form isolated island add up new isolated island bus number and preserve relevant information, isolated island median generatrix number, greater than default maximum isolated island bus number, stops emulation;
2.5, carry out two non-fault emulation between fault;
2.6, judge whether unstability of system, if unstability add up unstability unit number;
2.7, judge whether to handle all faults,, as not handling, go to step 2.4; As be disposed, stop emulation.
2. the complicated successive failure emulation mode of electric system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), adopts the PSSE system to carry out emulation.
3. the complicated successive failure emulation mode of electric system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, default maximum isolated island bus number is 40-60.
4. the complicated successive failure emulation mode of electric system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, default maximum isolated island bus number is 50.
5. the complicated successive failure emulation mode of electric system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 1.3, when fault generated, described fault comprised unidirectional short trouble, phase fault and disconnection fault.
6. the complicated successive failure emulation mode of electric system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 1.5, end condition is:
1. the isolated island bus outnumbers default maximum isolated island bus number;
2. exist after fault clearance busbar voltage lower than time of 0.5p.u. over two seconds;
3. system maximum work angular difference is over 200 °;
4. network resolves iterations and surpasses 200 times and do not restrain for primary network resolves in the calculating of a step-length, and continuous 1.0s network resolves does not restrain.
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| CN109522640B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-11-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Circuit system cascade failure propagation path determination method based on current redistribution |
| CN110308668B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2022-06-24 | 南瑞集团有限公司 | Real-time simulation oriented successive disturbance general model and control method thereof |
| CN110955959A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-04-03 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司 | Method and device for rapidly generating and calculating faults of power system in batches |
| US12021680B1 (en) | 2021-04-12 | 2024-06-25 | Criticality Sciences, Inc. | Detecting and mitigating cascading errors in a network to improve network resilience |
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