CN102819031A - Time resolution fast response X ray detector - Google Patents
Time resolution fast response X ray detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN102819031A CN102819031A CN2012103371856A CN201210337185A CN102819031A CN 102819031 A CN102819031 A CN 102819031A CN 2012103371856 A CN2012103371856 A CN 2012103371856A CN 201210337185 A CN201210337185 A CN 201210337185A CN 102819031 A CN102819031 A CN 102819031A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a time resolution fast response X ray detector, comprising a shell, a cathode, an anode, a coaxial output window and a high-voltage input connector. The anode is barrel-shaped, the bottom of the anode is of a smoothly beveled dense sieve pore structure, and a high-voltage resistant film is pasted on the external sidewall of the anode; the high-voltage resistant film is externally sleeved with the shell; and the anode, the high-voltage resistant film and the shell form a capacitance structure. The detector provided by the invention has the characteristics of fast time response, high-voltage resistance, small volume and steady work.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the X-ray detector field, be specifically related to a kind of time resolution fast-response X-ray detector.
Background technology
The X ray pulse signal that in laser fusion research, produces carries great deal of information, and its pulsewidth is very narrow.In order to understand fully the time-varying process of X ray pulse signal, need the X-ray detector of fast-response.More because the space that the dimensional energy distribution of the X ray signal that produces is complicated, host apparatus is left search coverage for is limited,, need the littler fast-response X-ray detector of volume in order to improve the precision of the space spectral distribution that X ray surveys.
The kind of common X-ray detector is a lot, and gas detector, scintillator detector and photoconductive detector etc. are arranged.The sensitivity of gas detector is very low and time response is very long, and weak point can only be accomplished the μ s order of magnitude.Scintillator detector utilizes the luminescence phenomenon of fluorescent material to come recording pulse signal, and its sensitivity is higher, but the response time can only accomplish several ns.Photoconductive detector is a kind of detector that grows up after the sixties, and its probing medium is versatile and flexible, can be semiconductor material, also can be to being surveyed light activated various metal materials.Its structure also is varied, and microstrip type, build, face type, comb type and coaxial type etc. are arranged.It has advantages such as energy resolution height, the range of linearity is wide, volume is little, the response time is short.Its response time can be accomplished about 50 ps at present abroad the soonest, domesticly can accomplish about 150 ps the soonest.Wherein, the major advantage of microstrip type photoconductive detector is that device architecture is simple, and is highly sensitive, is applicable to the hard X ray detection, and shortcoming is stable inadequately, and time response is relatively slow.The major advantage of comb type photoconductive detector is that device architecture is simple, is convenient to be made into integrated optoelectronic circuit, and shortcoming is stable inadequately; Receive the restriction of monocrystalline size; Light-receiving area is little, and the response time is relevant with intensity of illumination, also increases along with intensity of illumination weakens the response time.
Over a long period of time use experiment proof: the X-ray detector of coaxial output type is compared with other detectors, have time response fast, measure that dynamic range is big, big, the steady performance of output linear current.
Therefore, present various countries are at the electrovacuum photodetector that is still the coaxial type structure of the actual use of X ray fast-response field of detecting.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is how to design a kind of time resolution fast-response X-ray detector, solve existing detector time response slow, withstand voltage not high, volume big, the problem of job insecurity.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of time resolution fast-response X-ray detector; Comprise shell, negative electrode, anode, coaxial output window, high pressure input connector; Said anode is tubular, and the intensive sieve aperture structure of level and smooth chamfering is adopted in its bottom, and its lateral wall is fitted with high pressure resistant film; High pressure resistant film is with housing outward, forms capacitance structure by anode, high pressure resistant film and housing.
Further, comprise that also one is fixed on the coaxial connector of outer casing bottom, constitute negative electrode by the inner wire of this coaxial connector, said coaxial output window is connected on this coaxial connector.
Further, inwardly be followed successively by tubular anode, coaxial connector and coaxial output window from the input window of shell, the bottom of said anode is near the inner wire of coaxial connector.
Further, said coaxial connector and coaxial output window constitute 50 ohm of coaxial output precisions of ultra broadband jointly.
Further, O-ring seal vacuum seal is all adopted in the junction of entire device and shell.
Further, said high pressure input connector adopts the connector with vacuum sealing function, can guarantee the vacuum seal state in the detector.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1, anode is tubular, and the intensive sieve aperture structure of level and smooth chamfering is adopted in its bottom, can on the basis that guarantees logical light rate, prevent the leakage of electromagnetic energy, and under as far as possible little size, realizes big as far as possible cathode area, the sensitivity that has improved system; Simultaneously, the intensive sieve aperture structure of level and smooth chamfering is difficult for producing spark under situation about adding high pressure between cathode and anode, can shorten the distance between cathode and anode as far as possible, has improved the time resolution of system.
2, form electric capacity by anode, high pressure resistant film and housing, realize big as far as possible charge storage, and then effectively improve the lasting detectivity of detector with as far as possible little volume.
3, the input window from shell inwardly is followed successively by tubular anode, coaxial connector and coaxial output window, and the bottom of said anode is near the inner wire of coaxial connector.After X ray passes and shines negative electrode behind the sieve aperture of anode bottom, almost not freely lingeringly launch photoelectron, and the distance between cathode and anode can be very short, makes secondary electron arrive anode fast, improved the time resolution of system.
4, coaxial connector and coaxial output window constitute 50 ohm of coaxial output precisions of ultra broadband jointly, have realized the ultra broadband output of detectable signal, have reduced the hangover of detectable signal in time domain, thereby have improved the time resolution of system.
5, detector of the present invention has that fast, withstand voltage height time response, volume are little, the characteristics of working stability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of detector of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of housing;
Fig. 3 is the cut-open view of anode;
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of anode;
Fig. 5 is for using test macro synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Reference numeral is respectively among the figure: 1 shell, 2 high pressure resistant films, 3 anodes, 4 coaxial connectors, the inner wire of 41 coaxial connectors, 5 housings, 6 coaxial output windows, 7 high pressure input connectors, 8 O-ring seals.
Embodiment
Embodiment
Like Fig. 1-shown in Figure 5; A kind of time resolution fast-response X-ray detector comprises shell 1, negative electrode, anode 3, coaxial output window 6, high pressure input connector 7, and said anode 3 is tubular; The intensive sieve aperture structure of level and smooth chamfering is adopted in its bottom; Its lateral wall is fitted with high pressure resistant film 2, is with housing 5 outside the high pressure resistant film 2, forms capacitance structure by anode 3, high pressure resistant film 2 and housing 5.The coaxial connector 4 of shell 1 bottom fixing constitutes negative electrode by the inner wire 41 of this coaxial connector, and said coaxial output window 6 is connected on this coaxial connector 4.Inwardly be followed successively by anode 3, coaxial connector 4 and coaxial output window 6 from the input window of shell 1, the bottom of said anode 3 is near the inner wire 41 of coaxial connector.Coaxial connector and coaxial output window all adopt 50 ohm connector, constitute 50 ohm of coaxial output precisions of ultra broadband jointly.In order to guarantee the vacuum seal state in the detector.O-ring seal 8 vacuum seals are all adopted in the junction of entire device and shell 1.High pressure input connector 7 equally also adopts the connector with vacuum sealing function, so just can guarantee the vacuum seal state in the detector.
Produce X ray behind the lasing light emitter effect target material, when it shines negative electrode, the almost not free photoelectron of lingeringly launching of negative electrode.After anode 3 adds high pressure, form electromagnetic field between cathode and anode, electronics flies to anode 3 from negative electrode, in order to reduce the rise time of pulse signal, should make secondary electron arrive anode as early as possible.
The ultimate principle of the present invention's utilization is: the x-ray irradiation of incident is on the negative electrode of X-ray detector; Produce photoelectron; These photoelectrons are deviate from negative electrode under the effect of interpolar DC electric field;, the interpolar electric field flies to anode under quickening, in this process, because movement of electric charges forms electric current between the anode and cathode at detector.According to Maxwell's electromagnetic theory, this electric current will produce the alternating electromagnetic field of transition and outwards propagate and on coaxial cable, form corresponding transient current along the air coaxial cable.Know by transmission line theory again,, form pulse electrical signal above that if the load of the external coupling of this coaxial cable then will absorb the electromagnetic energy that coaxial cable transmits at this matched load.Such coupling can be born by oscillographic input impedance, and the voltage that can measure this pulse signal by oscillograph is situation over time, and through calculating the instantaneous value that obtains electric current, thereby provide the time situation of change of incident X-rays.
Use this principle, add high pressure through the high pressure input connector to detector, the x-ray irradiation of incident simultaneously is on negative electrode; The photoelectron that produces is deviate from negative electrode under the interpolar effect of electric field, fly to anode, forms electric current between cathode and anode in this process; The electromagnetic field that this electric current changes; This electromagnetic field is outwards propagated along the air coaxial cable, the external coupling oscillograph of coaxial output window, thereby the time situation of change of the variation of the voltage magnitude of being measured by oscillograph reflection incident X-rays.
Claims (6)
1. time resolution fast-response X-ray detector; Comprise shell, negative electrode, anode, coaxial output window, high pressure input connector; It is characterized in that: said anode is tubular, and the intensive sieve aperture structure of level and smooth chamfering is adopted in its bottom, and its lateral wall is fitted with high pressure resistant film; High pressure resistant film is with housing outward, forms capacitance structure by anode, high pressure resistant film and housing.
2. a kind of time resolution fast-response X-ray detector according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: comprise that also one is fixed on the coaxial connector of outer casing bottom; Inner wire by this coaxial connector constitutes negative electrode, and said coaxial output window is connected on this coaxial connector.
3. a kind of time resolution fast-response X-ray detector according to claim 2 is characterized in that: inwardly be followed successively by tubular anode, coaxial connector and coaxial output window from the input window of shell, the bottom of said anode is near the inner wire of coaxial connector.
4. a kind of time resolution fast-response X-ray detector according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said coaxial connector and coaxial output window constitute 50 ohm of coaxial output precisions of ultra broadband jointly.
5. according to each described a kind of time resolution fast-response X-ray detector of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: O-ring seal vacuum seal is all adopted in the junction of entire device and shell.
6. a kind of time resolution fast-response X-ray detector according to claim 5 is characterized in that: said high pressure input connector adopts the connector with vacuum sealing function.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210337185.6A CN102819031B (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2012-09-13 | Time resolution fast response X ray detector |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210337185.6A CN102819031B (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2012-09-13 | Time resolution fast response X ray detector |
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| CN102819031A true CN102819031A (en) | 2012-12-12 |
| CN102819031B CN102819031B (en) | 2015-02-18 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113433579A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-09-24 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Large-sensitive-surface X-ray spectrum flat response diode detector |
| CN114446742A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-06 | 苏州闻道电子科技有限公司 | Miniaturized X-ray diode |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110240857A1 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-06 | Kovtoun Viatcheslav V | Discrete Dynode Detector with Dynamic Gain Control |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110240857A1 (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-06 | Kovtoun Viatcheslav V | Discrete Dynode Detector with Dynamic Gain Control |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 潘洪波等: "新型超快光电辐射探测器研制", 《原子能科学技术》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113433579A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-09-24 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Large-sensitive-surface X-ray spectrum flat response diode detector |
| CN113433579B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-01-20 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Large-sensitive-surface X-ray spectrum flat response diode detector |
| CN114446742A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-05-06 | 苏州闻道电子科技有限公司 | Miniaturized X-ray diode |
| CN114446742B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-04-26 | 苏州闻道电子科技有限公司 | Miniaturized X-ray diode |
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| CN102819031B (en) | 2015-02-18 |
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