CN102817604A - CO2 refracturing process technology for low-permeability gas well - Google Patents
CO2 refracturing process technology for low-permeability gas well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil exploitation, and relates to a refracturing modification process for a low-permeability and low-yield gas well, in particular to a CO2 refracturing process technology for a low-permeability gas well. The CO2 refracturing process technology is used for performing secondary fracturing construction for an implemented well, comprises analysis and optimization before fracturing and fracturing construction, and is characterized in that the analysis and optimization before fracturing comprises fracturing failure analysis, fracturing material optimization and construction parameter optimization, and the specific process technology is implemented according to steps of fracturing failure analysis, fracturing material optimization, construction parameter optimization and refracturing construction. According to the CO2 refracturing process technology for the low-permeability gas well, a CO2 foam fracturing technology and low-damage cleaning fracturing liquid are used for performing a modification test for a low-yield gas well by analyzing a reservoir, the flowback rate of the fracturing liquid and the yield of the low-yield gas well are increased effectively, and damage to the reservoir is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of petroleum extraction, is hypotonic gas stringer refracturing reforming technology, particularly hyposmosis gas well CO
2Repeated fracturing.
Background technology
After low permeability gas reservoir gas well fracturing completion was produced a period of time, fracture condudtiviy descended gradually, often need carry out pressure break again.Just begin to carry out refracturing research as far back as nineteen sixty abroad, formed a series of core technologies at present, also obtained remarkable economic efficiency.Domesticly carry out refracturing research since nineteen ninety; A large amount of refracturing operations has all been carried out in oil fields such as grand celebration, triumph, long celebrating, huge port, Jilin; And done certain exploration from theory and practice, but mainly be to oil well, imperfection is gone back in relevant tackling key problem for hypotonic gas well repeated fracturing; Invalid refracturing still more has existence, causes the poor effect of refracturing.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of hyposmosis gas well CO
2Repeated fracturing is with CO
2During the refracturing that Foam Fracturing Technique and low injury clean fracturing fluid technology are successfully introduced gas stringer is transformed, not only improved the of the fracturing fluid row of returning and led the production capacity with gas stringer, simultaneously for hypotonic gas well repeat increase production modification measures a kind of new thinking be provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is hyposmosis gas well CO
2Repeated fracturing; It is the pressing crack construction that brought in well is carried out secondary; It comprises the preceding analysis optimization of pressure break and two parts of pressing crack construction; It is characterized in that: before the pressure break analysis optimization comprise pressure break failure analysis, fracturing material preferably with construction parameter optimization, its concrete technology is implemented according to following steps:
Step 3, the optimization of construction parameter; At first confirm fracturing fracture length, fracturing fracture length is by pressure break scale, reservoir quantity and add these controllable factors of sand amount and control, and optimum fracturing fracture length is 100 meters to 150 meters; Confirm the operational discharge capacity and the sand liquor ratio of optimization then according to fracturing fracture length; The upper limit of operational discharge capacity is confirmed by fracturing fracture length; The lower limit of operational discharge capacity is confirmed by the maximum liquid absorption on stratum; Sand liquor ratio and fracturing fluid consumption are confirmed through the fracture extension simulation, are added the mode that the sand program adopts to be increased gradually simultaneously;
Step 4, the refracturing construction; Adopt CO
2Pump is annotated car with liquid CO
2Mix with clean fracturing fluid through the ground threeway and to inject into well, utilize the foams mix fracturing fluid to carry out the sand fracturing construction.
Described clean fracturing fluid is the APV clean fracturing fluid.
The selection of described proppant is according to industry standard SY/T 6302-1997 " fracturing propping agents filling bed short-term flow conductivity estimate recommend method ", 10/20 order or 20/40 purpose combined support haydite, and its ratio is 1:1 or 2:1.
Described sand liquor ratio is 30% to 35%.
Described step 4 refracturing construction is divided into prepad fluid stage, load fluid stage and replacement stage; The prepad fluid stage is adopted same particle size proppant slug 1m
3Polishing crack wall, the load fluid stage is adopted constant inner facies association technology, and the replacement stage is adopted the discharge capacity technology of falling.
In the described step 4 refracturing construction, liquid CO
2Be CO by some parallel connections
2Tank car parallel connection, then successively with CO
2Manifold truck, CO
2Pump truck, cock and ball-and-seat series connection finally import well head; Clean fracturing fluid is to import fracturing blender truck by the melon glue tank car of some parallel connections, simultaneously clear water tank car, sand tank car and crosslinking agent jar also with the fracturing blender truck conducting, the inner mixed liquor of fracturing blender truck imports well head through the pressure break pump truck of some parallel connections; Well head also with the balance car conducting that has water pot.
Characteristics of the present invention are through to Reservoir Analysis, utilize CO
2Foam Fracturing Technique is carried out reforming test with low injury clean fracturing fluid to gas stringer, effectively raises the of the fracturing fluid row of returning and leads the production capacity with gas stringer, reduces the injury to reservoir simultaneously effectively.
Description of drawings
To combine embodiment that the present invention is further described below:
Fig. 1 is different proppant short-term flow conductivity experimental result pictures;
Fig. 2 is a pressure break supporting crack The length optimization simulation drawing;
Fig. 3 is a refracturing crack sectional drawing;
Fig. 4 is the optimization simulation drawing that fracturing fracture adds sand intensity and average sand liquor ratio;
Fig. 5 is hyposmosis gas well CO
2The construction process figure of repeated fracturing;
Fig. 6 is refracturing construction curve figure.
The specific embodiment
Refracturing with to 2 sections on XXX well mountain transform example as.
Hyposmosis gas well CO
2Repeated fracturing, it is the pressing crack construction that brought in well is carried out secondary, it comprises analysis optimization and two parts of pressing crack construction before the pressure break, the preceding analysis optimization of pressure break comprise pressure break failure analysis, fracturing material preferably with construction parameter optimization.
Hyposmosis gas well CO
2Repeated fracturing is implemented according to following steps:
(1) of the fracturing fluid preferred:
CO
2Foam has good rheological property, taking grittiness can be strong, the row of returning soon, characteristics little to formation damage, be suitable for the fracturing reform of low pressure, hypotonic, sensitive reservoir.Conventional CO
2Fracturing technology is to adopt the hydroxypropyl melon glue as base fluid, because the crosslinked hydroxypropyl guar gum water-based fracturing of conventional organic boron liquid system HPG-C is to low-voltage and low-yield gas reservoir bad adaptability, the row of returning leads low, and is bigger to reservoir damage.
Here adopt the APV clean fracturing fluid of no residue to replace the hydroxypropyl melon glue, promptly adopt clean fracturing fluid as liquid CO
2Of the fracturing fluid base fluid, liquid CO
2Of the fracturing fluid mass ratio is 60% to 85%.Because the leak-off of foam mixing liquid is little, width generation capacity is strong, fracture penetration is big, has increased the length in crack, has increased the transformation radius, has improved the flow conductivity after the closing up of cracks; Because the working fluid amount is few, the secondary pollution on stratum is reduced in addition, thereby reached the purpose of energization; Secondly clean fracturing fluid mainly is made up of anion surfactant, can effectively reduce capillary resistance, improves the row of returning and leads, and the core damage test shows that average injury rate is merely 24.2%, and is lower to the injury of reservoir.
(2) proppant is preferred:
The performance of proppant is one of key factor that influences the supporting crack flow conductivity.The evaluation of proppant short-term flow conductivity is mainly according to industry standard SY/T 6302-1997 " fracturing propping agents filling bed short-term flow conductivity is estimated recommend method ".
As shown in Figure 1, the short-term flow conductivity of comparative evaluation's different-grain diameter haydite and composite proppant, the proppant particle diameter has very big influence to fracture condudtiviy, and the proppant particle diameter is big more, and the short-term flow conductivity is good more.For the composite combined proppant, big particle diameter proportion is high more, and the short-term flow conductivity is good more.Evaluation result also shows, 10/20 order and 20/40 purpose combined support haydite, and its flow conductivity is apparently higher than the flow conductivity of single haydites such as 20/30 order, 20/40 order.For 10/20 order and 20/40 purpose combined support haydite, along with the decline of 10/20 order haydite proportion, flow conductivity descends; Aspect fall, 10/20 order and 20/40 order haydite proportion are that the flow conductivity difference of 1:1 and 2:1 is less, and especially after clossing pressure was greater than 45 MPa, the flow conductivity of the two was approaching.
Therefore in the design of pressing crack construction process optimization; Carry fartherly for making proppant; Enlarge the pressure break effective radius, use low-density, granule proppant, take afterbody for the flow conductivity that improves pressure break gas well near wellbore zone simultaneously and append the proppant of larger particles.
Here adopt 10/20 order combined support haydite, its ratio is 1:1.
Step 3, the optimization of construction parameter; At first confirm fracturing fracture length, confirm the operational discharge capacity and the sand liquor ratio of optimization then according to fracturing fracture length.
(1) confirm fracture length: fracture length is to estimate one of fracturing fracture geometric shape important parameter, and to hypotonic, special low permeability reservoir, this parameter seems even more important, and fracture length is by pressure break scale, reservoir quantity and add these controllable factors of sand amount and control.
As shown in Figure 2, according to the basic physical properties of reservoir, the evaluating of lithology and the nature parameters of fracturing material, the situation that changes supporting crack length under the different permeability situation has been carried out analog computation.Visible from figure, when permeability was low, the cumulative production after the pressure was comparatively obvious with the change in length of supporting crack, when permeability is higher, further increases the length of supporting crack, and the variation of cumulative production slows down, and increasing degree diminishes, total output increase limited.Just permeability is high more, and the supporting crack length of optimization is short more, and permeability is low more, and the supporting crack length of optimization is long more.Therefore according to above-mentioned analog computation result, the supporting crack effective length of optimization is better at 100-150m.
(2) confirm fracture length after; Optimization to operational discharge capacity and sand liquor ratio: after research to operational discharge capacity and fracture length relation; Confirm the upper limit of operational discharge capacity; Through the maximum liquid absorption on stratum, confirm the lower limit of operational discharge capacity, consider the finally definite rational operational discharge capacity parameter of frictional resistance and ground construction equipment simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 3, the proportionate relationship that adds sand is to the shape that forms final supporting crack band, directly reflected sand body situation and the flow conductivity in crack in the pressure break supporting crack.Sand liquor ratio in the fracturing process is low excessively, and it is low to cause adding sand intensity, and the enabling capabilities of supporting crack is low; In the long-term production process, receive and produce influence or the variation of rock mesopore pressure; The flow conductivity of supporting crack is lost easily, loses high seepage characteristic, directly influence daily output.Add sand intensity in addition and the sand liquor ratio is low; The sand ladder section that is not easy to form; Different fracture length sections do not match to the flow conductivity size requirements in crack when reservoir fluid seepage flow, that is to say that the flow conductivity from pit shaft to the depths, crack should be more and more littler; Form so-called " wedge shape ", just meet the percolation law of man-made fracture reservoir fluid.Therefore, form such support belt need adopt gradually increase add the sand program, and final sand liquor ratio and fracturing fluid consumption are definite through the fracture extension simulation.
As shown in Figure 4, this analog computation the support strength of proppant in the crack under the different sand liquor ratio situation.Visible from figure, guarantee 4.5-5.0kg/m
2The shop put concentration, the sand intensity that adds in the crack should be 2.0-3.0m
3/ m, pairing average sand liquor ratio should be about 30-35%.Like this through after the computation optimization, the parametric synthesis such as flow conductivity of just putting concentration and crack to the shop that adds sand intensity, average sand liquor ratio, proppant have been considered together.Therefore; This analog computation result shows; Adjust to average sand liquor ratio about 30-35% during optimal design; Just might make the pressure break supporting crack have certain proppant add sand intensity with the shop put concentration and higher fracture condudtiviy, reach the requirement of optimal design to this key parameter of supporting crack flow conductivity.
Step 4, the refracturing construction.
As shown in Figure 5, in the refracturing construction, liquid CO
2Be CO by some parallel connections
2Tank car parallel connection, then successively with CO
2Manifold truck, CO
2Pump truck, cock and ball-and-seat series connection finally import well head; Clean fracturing fluid is to import fracturing blender truck by the melon glue tank car of some parallel connections, simultaneously clear water tank car, sand tank car and crosslinking agent jar also with the fracturing blender truck conducting, the inner mixed liquor of fracturing blender truck imports well head through the pressure break pump truck of some parallel connections; Well head also with the balance car conducting that has water pot.
The refracturing construction is divided into prepad fluid stage, load fluid stage and replacement stage; The prepad fluid stage is adopted same particle size proppant slug 1m
3Polishing crack wall, the load fluid stage is adopted constant inner facies association technology, and the replacement stage is adopted the discharge capacity technology of falling.
As shown in Figure 6, the prepad fluid stage adopts with particle diameter proppant slug 1m
3Polishing crack wall guarantees major fracture crack initiation and extension, accomplishes smoothly to add the sand construction.The prepad fluid phase is improved CO
2Inject discharge capacity, reduce CO during adding sand
2Inject discharge capacity, the initial stage is with 2.0 m
3The CO of/min
2The injection operation pressure is higher, carries out actual CO of this later stage in stage smoothly for what guarantee to construct
2Discharge capacity designs on the low side, is 1.8m
3/Min.Constant inner facies association technology of whole load fluid stage, CO
2Discharge capacity 1.8-1.6m
3About/min, base fluid discharge capacity 1.2-1.95m
3/ min.When improving sand concentration to 262kg/m
3, operation pressure is and rises obviously, instantaneous method of stopping sand is taked at the scene, treat that operation pressure descends after, continue to add sand, dense 240 kg/m of sand
3, this stage construction in later period pressure rises obviously, and the sand construction is stopped at the scene once more.Operation pressure is carried high sand ratio to 277 kg/m rapidly after descending
3, this staged construction pressure changes more steady; Continue to carry high sand ratio to 384.0kg/m
3, operation pressure has downward trend, estimates that formation fracture obtains continuing to extend.This well fracture pressure is not obvious, average operation pressure 41.98MPa of prepad fluid stage, and average operation pressure 53.59MPa of load fluid stage, whole construction course pressure, discharge capacity are basicly stable, and design adds sand 12m
3, add the actual sand 12m that adds of sand
3, moderate scale, the operational discharge capacity appropriateness, pressing crack construction is smooth, adds sand and reaches designing requirement.
During the refracturing construction, CO
2Pump is annotated car with liquid CO
2Mix with clean fracturing fluid through the ground threeway and to inject into well, utilize the foams mix fracturing fluid to carry out the sand fracturing construction.Fracturing fluid flows along first crack during refracturing, this moment during first pressure break closing up of cracks cause that proppant is broken, the proppant influence of embedding and bottom deposition, with restriction or stop the CO that under the effect of stratum, has changed high pressure into
2Gas transmits to the bottom, forces hydraulic fracture to the expansion of width and length direction, make proppant almost all effectively place mat in gas-bearing formation, strive extending fracture length on the minimum basis of stratum liquid, increasing and transform radius getting into, improve fracture condudtiviy.
Claims (6)
1. hyposmosis gas well CO
2Repeated fracturing; It is the pressing crack construction that brought in well is carried out secondary; It comprises the preceding analysis optimization of pressure break and two parts of pressing crack construction; It is characterized in that: before the pressure break analysis optimization comprise pressure break failure analysis, fracturing material preferably with construction parameter optimization, its concrete technology is implemented according to following steps:
Step 1, the pressure break failure analysis; Well to asking for construction carries out the pressure break failure analysis, determines whether to possess the possibility of refracturing, if analysis result meets the requirements, then proceeds;
Step 2, fracturing material preferred, promptly fracturing fluid and proppant preferably; Fracturing fluid is the foams mix fracturing fluid, promptly adopts clean fracturing fluid as liquid CO
2Of the fracturing fluid base fluid, liquid CO
2Of the fracturing fluid mass ratio is 60% to 85%; Proppant is 10/20 order or 20/40 purpose combined support haydite;
Step 3, the optimization of construction parameter; At first confirm fracturing fracture length, fracturing fracture length is by pressure break scale, reservoir quantity and add these controllable factors of sand amount and control, and optimum fracturing fracture length is 100 meters to 150 meters; Confirm the operational discharge capacity and the sand liquor ratio of optimization then according to fracturing fracture length; The upper limit of operational discharge capacity is confirmed by fracturing fracture length; The lower limit of operational discharge capacity is confirmed by the maximum liquid absorption on stratum; Sand liquor ratio and fracturing fluid consumption are confirmed through the fracture extension simulation, are added the mode that the sand program adopts to be increased gradually simultaneously;
Step 4, the refracturing construction; Adopt CO
2Pump is annotated car with liquid CO
2Mix with clean fracturing fluid through the ground threeway and to inject into well, utilize the foams mix fracturing fluid to carry out the sand fracturing construction.
2. according to the hyposmosis gas well CO described in the claim 1
2Repeated fracturing is characterized in that: described clean fracturing fluid is the APV clean fracturing fluid.
3. according to the hyposmosis gas well CO described in the claim 1
2Repeated fracturing; It is characterized in that: the selection of described proppant is according to industry standard SY/T 6302-1997 " fracturing propping agents filling bed short-term flow conductivity is estimated recommend method "; 10/20 order or 20/40 purpose combined support haydite, its ratio is 1:1 or 2:1.
4. according to the hyposmosis gas well CO described in the claim 1
2Repeated fracturing is characterized in that: described sand liquor ratio is 30% to 35%.
5. according to the hyposmosis gas well CO described in the claim 1
2Repeated fracturing is characterized in that: described step 4 refracturing construction is divided into prepad fluid stage, load fluid stage and replacement stage; The prepad fluid stage is adopted same particle size proppant slug 1m
3Polishing crack wall, the load fluid stage is adopted constant inner facies association technology, and the replacement stage is adopted the discharge capacity technology of falling.
6. according to the hyposmosis gas well CO described in the claim 1
2Repeated fracturing is characterized in that: in the described step 4 refracturing construction, and liquid CO
2Be CO by some parallel connections
2Tank car parallel connection, then successively with CO
2Manifold truck, CO
2Pump truck, cock and ball-and-seat series connection finally import well head; Clean fracturing fluid is to import fracturing blender truck by the melon glue tank car of some parallel connections, simultaneously clear water tank car, sand tank car and crosslinking agent jar also with the fracturing blender truck conducting, the inner mixed liquor of fracturing blender truck imports well head through the pressure break pump truck of some parallel connections; Well head also with the balance car conducting that has water pot.
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| CN104712299A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Design method suitable for water control and gas increase fracturing of gas well |
| CN104727798A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-24 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Low permeability gas reservoir turning repeated fracturing technological method |
| CN105275442A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-27 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Old well re-transformation volume fracturing technology |
| CN106844975A (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2017-06-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | One kind determines early stage CO in gas injection well injection2The equivalent method and device for involving radius |
| CN106833594A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-13 | 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 | A kind of fluid loss additive and its without viscosifying pure liquid CO2Application in sand fracturing |
| CN106978996A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-07-25 | 太原理工大学 | Automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing device |
| CN110761763A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-02-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Horizontal well repeated fracturing method |
| CN111101934A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2020-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating damage of fracturing modification on reservoir |
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| CN104712299B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2017-09-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Design method suitable for water control and gas increase fracturing of gas well |
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| CN104727798A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-24 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Low permeability gas reservoir turning repeated fracturing technological method |
| CN104727798B (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2017-03-08 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | A kind of low permeability gas reservoir turns to refracturing process |
| CN105275442A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-27 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司长庆井下技术作业公司 | Old well re-transformation volume fracturing technology |
| CN106844975A (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2017-06-13 | 中国石油大学(北京) | One kind determines early stage CO in gas injection well injection2The equivalent method and device for involving radius |
| CN106844975B (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2019-07-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Early stage CO in a kind of determining gas injection well injection2The equivalent method and device for involving radius |
| CN106833594B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2020-01-31 | 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 | filtrate reducers and pure liquid CO without viscosity increasing2Application in sand fracturing |
| CN106833594A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-06-13 | 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院 | A kind of fluid loss additive and its without viscosifying pure liquid CO2Application in sand fracturing |
| CN106978996A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-07-25 | 太原理工大学 | Automatic energy storage high pressure fluid injection CO2Phase conversion pulse coal and rock fracturing device |
| CN110761763A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-02-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Horizontal well repeated fracturing method |
| CN110761763B (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-10-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Horizontal well repeated fracturing method |
| CN111101934A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2020-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating damage of fracturing modification on reservoir |
| CN111101934B (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2022-11-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating damage of fracturing modification on reservoir |
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