CN102810899B - Charging circuit with short circuit protecting function and charger - Google Patents

Charging circuit with short circuit protecting function and charger Download PDF

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CN102810899B
CN102810899B CN201110142997.0A CN201110142997A CN102810899B CN 102810899 B CN102810899 B CN 102810899B CN 201110142997 A CN201110142997 A CN 201110142997A CN 102810899 B CN102810899 B CN 102810899B
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circuit
output
diode
charging
operational amplifier
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CN102810899A (en
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周明杰
管伟芳
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Oceans King Lighting Science and Technology Co Ltd
Shenzhen Oceans King Lighting Engineering Co Ltd
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Oceans King Lighting Science and Technology Co Ltd
Shenzhen Oceans King Lighting Engineering Co Ltd
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Abstract

A charging circuit with a short circuit protecting function comprises a charging module, a short circuit protecting module and a reverse connection preventive diode. The short circuit protecting module comprises a first operational amplifier, a first protecting diode and a second protecting diode; an inverted input end of the first operational amplifier is connected with an anode of the first protecting diode, and an output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with an anode of the second protecting diode; a cathode of the first protecting diode is connected with an output end of the charging circuit; a cathode of the second protecting diode is connected with an input end of a control circuit; when the output end of the charging circuit is in a short circuit state, the voltage of the inverted input end of the first operational amplifier is reduced through the first protecting diode, so that the output end of the first operational amplifier outputs high level; the control circuit outputs low level under the action of the high level; and a switch circuit is controlled to be stopped through the low level. The charging circuit can realize the short circuit protecting function, and is simple and reliable, and the cost of the circuit is saved. In addition, the invention also provides a charger of the charging circuit.

Description

Charging circuit with short-circuit protection, charger
[technical field]
The present invention relates to charging circuit, particularly relate to a kind of charging circuit, charger with short-circuit protection.
[background technology]
The output of traditional charger does not have short-circuit protection function usually, and when output accidental short circuit, charging circuit just can damage, and the charger damaged like this cannot be repaired usually.Also have employing application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (IC) to carry out short-circuit protection to the output of charger, but its circuit is complicated, cost is high.
[summary of the invention]
Based on this, be necessary the charging circuit that a kind of simple and reliable, cost-effective band short-circuit protection is provided.
A kind of charging circuit with short-circuit protection, comprise charging module, short circuit protection module and counnter attack diode, described charging module comprises Transformer Rectifier circuit, control circuit, switching circuit, constant-current circuit and sample circuit, the input of described control circuit and the output of described Transformer Rectifier circuit, sample circuit is connected with short circuit protection module, output is connected with the input of described switching circuit, described control circuit controls conducting and the cut-off of described switching circuit according to the sampled voltage of described sample circuit, the output of described switching circuit is connected with the output of described constant-current circuit, the output of described constant-current circuit is connected with rechargeable battery by described counnter attack diode, described short circuit protection module comprises the first operational amplifier, first protection diode and the second protection diode, the inverting input and first of described first operational amplifier protects the positive pole of diode to be connected, output and second protects the positive pole of diode to be connected, the described first protection negative pole of diode is connected with the output of charging circuit, the negative pole of described second protection diode is connected with the input of described control circuit, during the output short circuit of described charging circuit, the anti-phase input terminal voltage of described first operational amplifier is dragged down by described first protection diode, the output of described first operational amplifier is made to export high level, described control circuit output low level under the effect of described high level, by switching circuit cut-off described in described low level control.
Preferably; described short circuit protection module also comprises the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance and the 3rd divider resistance; the in-phase input end of described first operational amplifier is by described first divider resistance ground connection; and be connected by the output of described second divider resistance with described Transformer Rectifier circuit, the inverting input of described first operational amplifier is connected with the output of described Transformer Rectifier circuit by described 3rd divider resistance.
Preferably; described control circuit comprises protective resistance, voltage-stabiliser tube, the first adjustable resistance and the second operational amplifier; one end of described protective resistance is connected with the output of described Transformer Rectifier circuit; the other end is by described voltage-stabiliser tube ground connection; described first adjustable resistance is in parallel with described voltage-stabiliser tube; the in-phase input end of described second operational amplifier is connected with the adjustable side of described first adjustable resistance; reverse input end and described second protects the negative pole of diode to be connected, and output is connected with the input of described switching circuit.
Preferably, described control circuit also comprises the first storage capacitor and filter capacitor, and described first storage capacitor one end is connected with the output of Transformer Rectifier circuit, other end ground connection, and described filter capacitor is in parallel with described first storage capacitor.
Preferably, described switching circuit comprises the first triode and biasing resistor, the grounded emitter of described first triode, and base stage is connected with the output of described control circuit, collector electrode is connected with the input of described constant-current circuit, and the base stage of described second triode is also by described biasing resistor ground connection.
Preferably, described constant-current circuit comprises the second triode and the second adjustable resistance, the base stage of described second triode is connected with the collector electrode of described first triode, emitter is connected with the output of Transformer Rectifier circuit by described second adjustable resistance, and collector electrode is connected with rechargeable battery by described counnter attack diode.
Preferably, described constant-current circuit also comprises light-emitting diode, the positive pole of described light-emitting diode is connected with the output of described Transformer Rectifier circuit, negative pole is connected with the base stage of described second triode, described light-emitting diode is lighted when described optical circuit conducting, extinguishes when described switching circuit cut-off.
Preferably, described sample circuit comprises the second storage capacitor, sampling resistor, the 4th divider resistance and regulates diode, described sampling resistor one end ground connection, the other end is connected with the collector electrode of described second triode after connecting with described 4th divider resistance, described sampling resistor is connected with the inverting input of described operational amplifier by regulating diode with the junction of described 4th divider resistance, and described second storage capacitor and described sampling resistor, the 4th divider resistance are in parallel.
Preferably, described Transformer Rectifier circuit comprises transformer and rectifier, the primary coil of described transformer is connected with civil power, secondary coil is connected with the input of described rectifier, one end ground connection of the output of described rectifier, described charging circuit also comprises isolating diode, and the positive pole of described isolating diode is connected with direct current, and negative pole is connected with the other end of the output of described rectifier.
In addition, there is a need to provide a kind of charger comprising the charging circuit of above-mentioned band short-circuit protection.
The charging circuit of above-mentioned band short-circuit protection and charger; when the output short circuit of charger; by the first protection diode in short circuit protection module; the anti-phase input terminal voltage of the first operational amplifier is dragged down, then the voltage of the in-phase input end of the first operational amplifier is greater than the voltage of its inverting input, and the first operational amplifier exports high level; under the effect of this high level; control circuit output low level, thus the cut-off of control switch circuit, charger stops charging.Therefore the energy available protecting charger when the output accidental short circuit of charger, implements simple and reliable, effectively can save circuit cost.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
The structural representation of the charging circuit of the band short-circuit protection that Fig. 1 provides for embodiment one;
The structural representation of the charging circuit of the band short-circuit protection that Fig. 2 provides for embodiment two.
[embodiment]
The charging circuit of band short-circuit protection provided by the invention, comprise charging module, short circuit protection module and counnter attack diode, charging module comprises Transformer Rectifier circuit, control circuit, switching circuit, constant-current circuit and sample circuit, the input of control circuit and the output of Transformer Rectifier circuit, sample circuit is connected with short circuit protection module, output is connected with the input of switching circuit, control circuit is according to the conducting of the sampled voltage control switch circuit of sample circuit and cut-off, the output of switching circuit is connected with the output of constant-current circuit, the output of constant-current circuit is connected with rechargeable battery by counnter attack diode, short circuit protection module comprises the first operational amplifier, first protection diode and the second protection diode, the inverting input and first of the first operational amplifier protects the positive pole of diode to be connected, output and second protects the positive pole of diode to be connected, the first protection negative pole of diode is connected with the output of charging circuit, the second protection negative pole of diode is connected with the input of control circuit, during the output short circuit of charging circuit, the anti-phase input terminal voltage of the first operational amplifier is dragged down by the first protection diode, the output of the first operational amplifier is made to export high level, control circuit is output low level under the effect of high level, ended by low level control switching circuit.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1; charging circuit with short-circuit protection comprises charging module 10, short circuit protection module 20 and counnter attack diode 30; wherein: charging module 10 comprises Transformer Rectifier circuit 11, control circuit 12, switching circuit 13, constant-current circuit 14 and sample circuit 15, wherein:
The input of Transformer Rectifier circuit 11 is connected with civil power; the input of control circuit 12 is connected with short circuit protection module 20 with the output of Transformer Rectifier circuit 11, sample circuit 15; the output of control circuit 12 is connected with the input of switching circuit 13; the output of switching circuit 13 is connected with the input of constant-current circuit 14, and the output of constant-current circuit 14 is connected with rechargeable battery by counnter attack diode 30.Control circuit 12 is according to the conducting of the sampled voltage control switch circuit 13 of sample circuit 15 and cut-off, when switching circuit 13 conducting, charging circuit charges to rechargeable battery, when switching circuit 13 ends, charging circuit stops rechargeable battery charging, and when counnter attack diode 30 is cut off the electricity supply after can preventing charging complete, rechargeable battery discharges to charging circuit.
Short circuit protection module 20 comprises the first operational amplifier OP1, the first protection diode D6 and second protection diode D7; the inverting input and first of the first operational amplifier OP1 protects the positive pole of diode D6 to be connected; output and second protects the positive pole of diode D7 to be connected; the negative pole of the first protection diode D6 is connected with the output (i.e. the input of rechargeable battery) of charging circuit, and the negative pole of the second protection diode D7 is connected with the input of control circuit 12.During the output short circuit of charging circuit; the anti-phase input terminal voltage Vp of the first operational amplifier OP1 is dragged down by the first protection diode D6; the in-phase input end voltage Vk of the first operational amplifier OP1 is made to be greater than anti-phase input terminal voltage Vp; the output of the first operational amplifier OP1 exports high level; control circuit 12 then output low level under the effect of high level; ended by low level control switching circuit 13, charging circuit stops charging, thus realizes short-circuit protection function.
Because short circuit protection module 20 makes short circuit protection module 20 output low level by the anti-phase input terminal voltage Vp dragging down the first operational amplifier OP1; control module 12 control switch circuit 13 under the input of high level ends; this circuit realiration gets up simple and reliable; can circuit cost be saved, and fast response time.
In other implementations, the input of control circuit 12 also can connect direct current, such as the power supply of vehicle-mounted 12V, can realize like this being charged to rechargeable battery by civil power, also charge to rechargeable battery by vehicle power, use more convenient.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 2, the charging circuit of band short-circuit protection, comprises charging module 10, short circuit protection module 20 and counnter attack diode D2, and charging module 10 comprises Transformer Rectifier circuit 11, control circuit 12, switch electricity 13 tunnels, constant-current circuit 14 and sample circuit 15.Wherein:
Transformer Rectifier circuit 11 comprises transformer T1 and rectifier D3, the primary coil of transformer T1 is connected with civil power, secondary coil is connected with 3 with the input 1 of rectifier D3, output 4 ground connection of rectifier D3,220V civil power is converted to low-voltage by transformer T1, by rectifier D3, alternating current is converted to direct current.Charging circuit also comprises isolating diode D1, and the positive pole of isolating diode D1 is connected with direct current, and negative pole is connected with the output 2 of rectifier D3, and isolating diode D1 is for isolating influencing each other of alternating current and powered by direct current power supply.The charging circuit that the present embodiment provides both can be charged to rechargeable battery BT by 220V alternating current, also can pass through DC power supply (such as vehicle-mounted 12V power supply) and charge to rechargeable battery BT.
As shown in Figure 2; control circuit 12 comprises protective resistance R1, voltage-stabiliser tube D4, the first adjustable resistance Rw1 and the second operational amplifier OP2; one end of protective resistance R1 is connected with the output 2 of rectifier D3, and the other end is by voltage-stabiliser tube D4 ground connection, and the first adjustable resistance Rw1 is in parallel with voltage-stabiliser tube D4.In this embodiment, the resistance R2 connected with the first adjustable resistance Rw1 also can be set.The in-phase input end of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected with the adjustable side of the first adjustable resistance Rw1, and inverting input is connected with short circuit protection module 20 with sample circuit 15, and output is connected with the input of switching circuit 13 by resistance R3.
In this embodiment, control circuit 12 also comprises the first storage capacitor C1 and filter capacitor C3, and one end of the first storage capacitor C1 is connected with the output 2 of rectifier D3, other end ground connection, and filter capacitor C3 is in parallel with the first storage capacitor C1.
Switching circuit 13 comprises the first triode Q1 and biasing resistor R4, the grounded emitter of the first triode Q1, and base stage is connected with resistance R3, and collector electrode is connected with the input of constant-current circuit 14, and the base stage of the first triode Q1 is also by biasing resistor R4 ground connection.
Constant-current circuit 14 comprises the second triode Q2 and the second adjustable resistance Rw2, the base stage of the second triode Q2 is connected with the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 by resistance R5, emitter is connected with the second adjustable resistance Rw2 by resistance R6, and be connected with the output 2 of rectifier D3 by the second adjustable resistance Rw2, the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 is connected with rechargeable battery BT by counnter attack diode D2.In this embodiment, constant-current circuit 14 also comprises light-emitting diode D5, and the positive pole of light-emitting diode D5 is connected with the output 2 of rectifier D3, and negative pole is connected with the base stage of the second triode Q2, light-emitting diode D5 lights when switching circuit 13 conducting, extinguishes when switching circuit 13 ends.
Sample circuit 15 comprises the second storage capacitor C2, sampling resistor R7, the 4th divider resistance R8 and regulates diode D8, sampling resistor R7 one end ground connection, the other end is connected with the collector electrode of the second triode Q2 after connecting with the 4th divider resistance R8, sampling resistor R7 is connected with the inverting input of the second operational amplifier OP2 by regulating diode D8 with the junction of the 4th divider resistance R8, and namely the sampled voltage of sample circuit 15 is by the anti-phase input terminal voltage as the second operational amplifier OP2 after adjustment diode D8 step-down.Second storage capacitor C2 is then in parallel with sampling resistor R7, the 4th divider resistance R8.
Short circuit protection module 20 comprises the first operational amplifier OP1, first protection diode D6, second protection diode D7, first divider resistance R11, second divider resistance R10 and the 3rd divider resistance R9, the in-phase input end of the first operational amplifier OP1 is by the first divider resistance R11 ground connection, and be connected with the output 2 of rectifier D3 by the second divider resistance R10, the inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected with the output 2 of rectifier D3 by the 3rd divider resistance R9, the inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1 also protects the positive pole of diode D6 to be connected with first, the negative pole of the first protection diode D6 is connected with the output of charging circuit, the output and second of the first operational amplifier OP1 protects the positive pole of diode D7 to be connected, the negative pole of the second protection diode D7 is then connected with the reverse input end of the second operational amplifier OP2.
The charging circuit that the present embodiment provides automatically can cut off charging after being full of electricity, and principle is as follows:
According to the charging circuit that this embodiment provides, arranging charging voltage is VB=VR* (R7+R8)/R7-VD2, and arranging charging current is IQ2c=(VD5-VQ2be)/(Rw2+R6).By regulating the first adjustable resistance Rw1, when making charging, the in-phase input end voltage VR of the second operational amplifier OP2 is higher than anti-phase input terminal voltage (namely the sampled voltage of sample circuit 15 is by regulating the voltage after diode D8 step-down), during such charging, the output of the second operational amplifier OP2 then exports high level, make the first triode Q1 conducting, again by charging to after constant-current circuit 14 rechargeable battery BT, now light-emitting diode D5 lights.By arranging the first divider resistance R11, the second divider resistance R10 and the 3rd divider resistance R9, the in-phase input end voltage Vk of the first operational amplifier OP1 is made to be less than its anti-phase input terminal voltage Vp.Such as, can to arrange Vk be 2-3V, Vp is 4-5.5V.Such first computing operational amplifier OP1 output low level, because the second protection diode D7 exists, therefore can not affect charging circuit and normally work.When rechargeable battery BT charges to the charging voltage VB of setting, the in-phase input end voltage VR of the second operational amplifier OP2 is lower than anti-phase input terminal voltage, the output then output low level of the second operational amplifier OP2, control the first triode Q1 to end, charging circuit stops charging to rechargeable battery BT, thus function of automatically cutting off when realizing being full of electricity.Because now the first triode Q1 ends, light-emitting diode D5 extinguishes.
The charging circuit that the present embodiment provides can realize short-circuit protection function, and principle is as follows:
When the output short circuit of charging circuit, the anti-phase input terminal voltage Vp of the first operational amplifier OP1 is dragged down rapidly by the first protection diode D6, is less than in-phase input end voltage Vk.Such as, voltage Vp is pulled low to about 1V rapidly by the first protection diode D6, and Vk is arranged on 2-3V, and therefore the anti-phase input terminal voltage Vp of the first operational amplifier OP1 is less than in-phase input end voltage Vk, and the first operational amplifier OP1 then exports high level.After the second protection diode D7; the anti-phase input terminal voltage of the second operational amplifier OP2 is made to be greater than in-phase input end voltage Vp; second operational amplifier OP2 then output low level; control the first triode Q1 and end (collector electrode being equivalent to the first triode Q1 is unsettled); therefore the second triode Q2 also ends; constant-current circuit 14 cannot work, and charging circuit cuts off automatically, thus realizes short-circuit protection function.Because now the first triode Q1 ends, light-emitting diode D5 extinguishes.After short circuit is eliminated, the anti-phase input terminal voltage Vp of the first operational amplifier OP1 reverts to rapidly voltage when charging circuit works, higher than in-phase input end voltage Vk, first operational amplifier OP1 then output low level, make the anti-phase input terminal voltage of the second operational amplifier OP2 lower than its in-phase input end voltage VR, second operational amplifier OP2 then exports high level, make the first triode Q1 conducting, light-emitting diode D5 lights, constant-current circuit 14 normally works, and therefore charging circuit recovers charging automatically.
In another embodiment, the charger of the charging circuit comprising above-mentioned band short-circuit protection is additionally provided.
The charging circuit of above-mentioned band short-circuit protection and charger; when the output short circuit of charger; by the first protection diode D6 in short circuit protection module 20, the anti-phase input terminal voltage Vp of the first operational amplifier OP1 is dragged down, and the first operational amplifier OP1 then exports high level; under the effect of this high level; second operational amplifier OP2 then output low level, control the first triode Q1 and end, the second triode Q2 also ends; constant-current circuit 14 cannot normally work, and charger stops charging.Therefore can available protecting charger when the output accidental short circuit of charger.The charging circuit of above-mentioned band short-circuit protection is realized by simple short-circuit protection circuit 20, simple and reliable, and fast response time, effectively can save circuit cost.During output short circuit due to charger, charger can be effectively protected, and charger can not be damaged because of short circuit, extend the useful life of charger, save maintenance cost.
The above embodiment only have expressed several execution mode of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection range of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.

Claims (8)

1. the charging circuit with short-circuit protection, it is characterized in that, comprise charging module, short circuit protection module and counnter attack diode, described charging module comprises Transformer Rectifier circuit, control circuit, switching circuit, constant-current circuit and sample circuit, the input of described control circuit and the output of described Transformer Rectifier circuit, sample circuit is connected with short circuit protection module, output is connected with the input of described switching circuit, described control circuit controls conducting and the cut-off of described switching circuit according to the sampled voltage of described sample circuit, when described switching circuit conducting, described charging circuit charges to rechargeable battery, when described switching circuit cut-off, described charging circuit stops charging to rechargeable battery, thus function of automatically cutting off when realizing being full of electricity, the output of described switching circuit is connected with the output of described constant-current circuit, the output of described constant-current circuit is connected with rechargeable battery by described counnter attack diode, described short circuit protection module comprises the first operational amplifier, first protection diode and the second protection diode, the inverting input and first of described first operational amplifier protects the positive pole of diode to be connected, output and second protects the positive pole of diode to be connected, the described first protection negative pole of diode is connected with the output of charging circuit, the negative pole of described second protection diode is connected with the input of described control circuit, during the output short circuit of described charging circuit, the anti-phase input terminal voltage of described first operational amplifier is dragged down by described first protection diode, the output of described first operational amplifier is made to export high level, described control circuit output low level under the effect of described high level, by switching circuit cut-off described in described low level control, described control circuit comprises protective resistance, voltage-stabiliser tube, the first adjustable resistance and the second operational amplifier, one end of described protective resistance is connected with the output of described Transformer Rectifier circuit, the other end is by described voltage-stabiliser tube ground connection, described first adjustable resistance is in parallel with described voltage-stabiliser tube, the in-phase input end of described second operational amplifier is connected with the adjustable side of described first adjustable resistance, reverse input end and described second protects the negative pole of diode to be connected, and output is connected with the input of described switching circuit.
2. the charging circuit of band short-circuit protection according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described short circuit protection module also comprises the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance and the 3rd divider resistance; the in-phase input end of described first operational amplifier is by described first divider resistance ground connection; and be connected by the output of described second divider resistance with described Transformer Rectifier circuit, the inverting input of described first operational amplifier is connected with the output of described Transformer Rectifier circuit by described 3rd divider resistance.
3. the charging circuit of band short-circuit protection according to claim 2; it is characterized in that; described control circuit also comprises the first storage capacitor and filter capacitor; described first storage capacitor one end is connected with the output of Transformer Rectifier circuit; other end ground connection, described filter capacitor is in parallel with described first storage capacitor.
4. the charging circuit of band short-circuit protection as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3; it is characterized in that; described switching circuit comprises the first triode and biasing resistor; the grounded emitter of described first triode; base stage is connected with the output of described control circuit; collector electrode is connected with the input of described constant-current circuit, and the base stage of described first triode is also by described biasing resistor ground connection.
5. the charging circuit of band short-circuit protection according to claim 4; it is characterized in that; described constant-current circuit comprises the second triode and the second adjustable resistance; the base stage of described second triode is connected with the collector electrode of described first triode; emitter is connected with the output of Transformer Rectifier circuit by described second adjustable resistance, and collector electrode is connected with rechargeable battery by described counnter attack diode.
6. the charging circuit of band short-circuit protection according to claim 5; it is characterized in that; described constant-current circuit also comprises light-emitting diode; the positive pole of described light-emitting diode is connected with the output of described Transformer Rectifier circuit; negative pole is connected with the base stage of described second triode; described light-emitting diode is lighted when described switching circuit conducting, extinguishes when described switching circuit cut-off.
7. the charging circuit of band short-circuit protection according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; described Transformer Rectifier circuit comprises transformer and rectifier; the primary coil of described transformer is connected with civil power; secondary coil is connected with the input of described rectifier, one end ground connection of the output of described rectifier, and described charging circuit also comprises isolating diode; the positive pole of described isolating diode is connected with direct current, and negative pole is connected with the other end of the output of described rectifier.
8. a charger, is characterized in that, comprises the charging circuit of the band short-circuit protection in claim 1 to 7 described in any one.
CN201110142997.0A 2011-05-30 2011-05-30 Charging circuit with short circuit protecting function and charger Active CN102810899B (en)

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CN104079046B (en) * 2013-03-26 2016-05-11 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 A kind of battery charger

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2689567Y (en) * 2003-10-09 2005-03-30 孙泉龄 Charger of automatic battery
CN201008094Y (en) * 2007-03-02 2008-01-16 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 Power supply circuit with short circuit protection

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2689567Y (en) * 2003-10-09 2005-03-30 孙泉龄 Charger of automatic battery
CN201008094Y (en) * 2007-03-02 2008-01-16 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 Power supply circuit with short circuit protection

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