CN102809563A - Simple identification method for leather fiber structure - Google Patents
Simple identification method for leather fiber structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN102809563A CN102809563A CN2012102882464A CN201210288246A CN102809563A CN 102809563 A CN102809563 A CN 102809563A CN 2012102882464 A CN2012102882464 A CN 2012102882464A CN 201210288246 A CN201210288246 A CN 201210288246A CN 102809563 A CN102809563 A CN 102809563A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of identification for leather materials, in particular to a simple identification method for a leather fiber structure. The simple identification method includes: firstly, flattening an original leather sample and preconditioning for 48 hours in atmospheric conditions; secondly, fabricating the leather sample subjected to preconditioning to a section test sample, and standing in the atmospheric conditions; thirdly, placing the stood section test sample into a super-depth-of-field three-dimensional video microscope for visualization, and shooting microscopic images; and fourthly, identifying the leather fiber structure according to leather section microscopic characteristics displayed by the microscopic images. The simple identification method for the leather fiber structure has the advantages that complicated procedures of ultrathin section, dyeing and the like in a traditional tissue section process can be omitted, and the simple identification method is simple in sample preparation, small in leather fiber deformation, clear in edge contours and internal characteristics and capable of accurately reflecting the leather fiber structure, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the authenticate technology field of leather material, particularly a kind of simple and easy discrimination method of leather fiber structure.
Background technology
Leather is a kind of biological tissue; Understand histological structure's form of various raw material skins and variation in process of production thereof; Must study through Histological method, mainly be through fibre morphology is studied at present through scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and optical microscope (LM).
The fiber of zoologizeing before and after the leather processing with the histotomy observation changes developed very ripe; From the 1950's; Domestic just the beginning is used to study leather and furs such as pigskin, sheepskin, rabbit, deerskin, snakeskin, and observations is used to instruct the research and development of processing and chemical material.The leather institutional framework of report observe to(for) histotomy has: Li Jianmin etc. are observed existence and the distribution situation of chromium ion in collagenous fibres with the observation and the micro-zone analysis of electron probe X-ray of transmission electron microscope; Inquire into the influence (chromium ion submicroscopic localization method in a kind of leather collagen fiber, 1985) of aspects such as its quality, performance to the finished product leather; Li Wei is with the histotomy of microscopic examination leather, and the research loose side is to leather machine Effect on Performance (with the loose side of microscopic examination leather and to leather machine Effect on Performance, 2010); The Wang Yingmei of Sichuan University etc. have carried out studying (research of sucking pig skin institutional framework, 2002) through the section of polarized light microscope observing sucking pig skin to sucking pig skin institutional framework; The Lv Jing of Shaanxi Tech Univ has prepared pig, sheep, the ox-hide finished product leather histotomy of different feels with sulfuric acid Nai Erlan decoration method; Observe its institutional framework (institutional framework of pig, sheep, ox-hide finished product leather and the relation of performance inquire into 2010) at the multimedia microscopically; The patent of Zhang Huayong etc. has been introduced a kind of sample making method that is applicable to metallography microscope sem observation leather tissue, its manufacturing process comparatively complicated (a kind of leather sample preparation methods that is applicable to the metallography microscope sem observation, application number: 201110179680.4).
But; The general thickness of cutting into slices in the slice processing is the 5-25 micron, and the ultra-thin section thickness of transmission electron microscope is the 500-700 dust, and this just requires advanced sample preparation instrument and skilled sample preparation skill; And sample tissue is for the pressure that receives slicer; The embedding medium embedding treatment can be compressed, and shrinkage occurs, and quality is looked in the sight that influences optical microscopic image.In addition, fiber is intensive, crisscross in the leather, and thickness is uneven, in slicing processes, be easy to generate fiber crimp, come off or fiber between the glutinous phenomenon that connects, cause the leather sample fibre section distortion of section, be difficult to extract section feature parameter accurately.
Summary of the invention
Weak point to the prior art existence; The simple and easy discrimination method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of leather fiber structure; Can exempt tradition and organize in the slicing processes complicated processes such as section is ultra-thin, dyeing, it is simple to have a sample preparation, and the leather fiber distortion is little; Edge contour and internal feature are clear, can accurately reflect advantages such as leather institutional framework.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is following:
A kind of simple and easy discrimination method of leather fiber structure comprises the steps:
(1) the leather former state is paved, under atmospheric conditions, carry out preconditioning;
(2) through the cross section sample preparation, the leather sample after the preconditioning is made into the cross section sample, and under atmospheric conditions, leaves standstill;
(3) the cross section sample after will leaving standstill is put into ultra depth of field 3 D video microscope and is carried out video picture, takes micro-image;
(4) the leather cross section microscopic feature that shows according to micro-image is differentiated the leather fiber structure.
Further, said atmospheric conditions are standard atmosphere condition, and the preconditioning time is 48 hours.
Further, the microscopical enlargement factor of said ultra depth of field 3 D video can be between 1～1000 times step-less adjustment; It is synthetic to carry out vertical degree of depth, is about to clear being synthesized on same the image of information point on the different focal planes; It is synthetic to carry out transverse plane, can under big multiplying power, the image information outside the visual field clearly be spliced on the same pictures.
Further, the sample preparation of said cross section is on the sample preparation platform, grasps with the leather former state two ends of clamper after with preconditioning, and it is stretched under low-tension naturally, rapidly the leather former state is blocked with cutting out model machine again.
Further, said time of repose is 1～3 hour, to stablize the otch form, even the incision deformation of cross section sample recovers.
Further, said leather fiber structure comprises that fibre morphology, the collection of filaments, fiber in the leather cross section tangles, residual hair bag.Said fibre morphology is meant thickness and thickness irregular naturally of fiber; The said collection of filaments is meant the size and the tight ness rating of the collection of filaments; Said fiber tangles and is meant interfibrous ordered state; Said residual hair bag is meant that fiber tangles the capsule pocket areas that the dense arrangement district is crossed.
The present invention organizes sections observation leather fiber form to compare with tradition; It is simple, quick, easy and simple to handle to have method for making sample; And need not make histotomy with use chemical reagent to sample fix, advantage such as dyeing; Can be used for observing the variation of fiber in the leather tissue of each operation in process of production; Comprise immersion, liming, pickling, softening, tanning, neutralization, stuffing, retanning, filling, the fiber soft, that fall before and after the processing such as soft, vacuum drying that dyes, shakes changes, and also can be used for the material fast detecting in the leather finished product.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: 1. organize sections observation leather fiber form to compare to have sample preparation quick, easy and simple to handle with tradition; And need not make histotomy and use chemical reagent that sample is fixed, dyeed, improve the efficient and the leather of sample preparation greatly and differentiated accuracy rate; 2. only use a ultra depth of field 3 D video microscope, it is suitable just can to obtain enlargement factor, the image that gets a clear view greatly of 3-D view that vertical degree of depth is synthetic or plane splicing.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 uses the ox-hide finished product leather splicing micrograph that the present invention obtains;
Fig. 2 uses the synthetic preceding micrograph of the ox-hide finished product leather degree of depth that the present invention obtains;
Fig. 3 is that the ox-hide finished product that application the present invention obtains is removed from office the micrograph after the degree of depth is synthesized;
Fig. 4 uses the ox-hide finished product leather cross section three-dimensional fiber design sketch that the present invention obtains;
Fig. 5 uses micrograph that the present invention obtains and the comparison diagram of histotomy figure.
Embodiment
The following stated is merely preferred embodiment of the present invention, does not therefore limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment, see that Fig. 1 is to shown in Figure 5:
A kind of simple and easy discrimination method of leather fiber structure comprises the steps:
(1) Niu Chengpin is removed from office former state and pave, under standard atmosphere condition, carry out 48 hours preconditioning;
(2) on the sample preparation platform; Grasp with the leather former state two ends of clamper after preconditioning; And it is stretched under low-tension naturally, and rapidly the leather former state is blocked with cutting out model machine again, the leather sample after the preconditioning is made into the cross section sample; And under standard atmosphere condition, left standstill 1～3 hour, the incision deformation of sample recovers up to the cross section;
(3) the sample cross section, cross section after will leaving standstill upwards is fixed on the sample holder; Put into then enlargement factor can be between 1～1000 times step-less adjustment; And can carry out the synthetic ultra depth of field 3 D video microscope that synthesizes with transverse plane of vertical degree of depth and carry out video picture, take micro-image;
(4) the leather microscopic feature that shows according to micro-image differentiates that fibre morphology, the collection of filaments, the fiber in the leather cross section tangles, residual hair bag.
From the splicing micrograph (Fig. 1) of ox-hide finished product leather, the micro-comparison diagram of sample of the synthetic front and back of the degree of depth; The three-dimensional micro-design sketch in (Fig. 2, Fig. 3), cross section (Fig. 4) is all clearly observed the cross-section fibers structure of ox-hide finished product leather, can differentiate effectively that its fibre morphology, the collection of filaments, fiber tangle, residual hair bag.Compare with histotomy figure (Fig. 5), use that the micrograph leather fiber distortion that the present invention obtains is little, edge contour and internal feature be more clear, more can reflect the leather characteristics of organizational structure exactly.
The above only is a preferred embodiments of the present invention, so all equivalences of being made according to the described method principle of patent claim of the present invention change or revise, includes in patent claim of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the simple and easy discrimination method of a leather fiber structure is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) the leather former state is paved, under atmospheric conditions, carry out preconditioning;
(2) through the cross section sample preparation, the leather sample after the preconditioning is made into the cross section sample, and under atmospheric conditions, leaves standstill;
(2) the cross section sample after will leaving standstill is put into ultra depth of field 3 D video microscope and is carried out video picture, takes micro-image;
(3) the leather cross section microscopic feature that shows according to micro-image is differentiated the leather fiber structure.
2. the simple and easy discrimination method of leather fiber structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said atmospheric conditions are standard atmosphere condition, and the preconditioning time is 48 hours.
3. the simple and easy discrimination method of leather fiber structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the microscopical enlargement factor of said ultra depth of field 3 D video can be between 1～1000 times step-less adjustment, it is synthetic synthetic with transverse plane to carry out vertical degree of depth.
4. the simple and easy discrimination method of leather fiber structure according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the sample preparation of said cross section is on the sample preparation platform; Grasp with the leather former state two ends of clamper after, and it is stretched under low-tension naturally, rapidly the leather former state is blocked with cutting out model machine again preconditioning.
5. the simple and easy discrimination method of leather fiber structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said time of repose is 1～3 hour.
6. the simple and easy discrimination method of leather fiber structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said leather fiber structure comprises that fibre morphology, the collection of filaments, the fiber in the leather cross section tangles, residual hair bag.
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| CN201210288246.4A CN102809563B (en) | 2012-08-14 | 2012-08-14 | A kind of facility distinguish method of leather fiber structure |
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| CN201210288246.4A CN102809563B (en) | 2012-08-14 | 2012-08-14 | A kind of facility distinguish method of leather fiber structure |
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| CN102809563B CN102809563B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106525848A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-22 | 重庆市计量质量检测研究院 | Simple identification method of pig, cattle and sheep split leather |
| CN107463962A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-12 | 张天君 | A kind of method and system of micro- artificial intelligence identification suitcase |
| CN108254375A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-06 | 广州检验检测认证集团有限公司 | A kind of method for differentiating ox leather and buffalo leather |
| CN109541193A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 镇江市产品质量监督检验中心 | A kind of method for qualitative analysis of leather |
| CN112630220A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Method for observing elastic fibers in leather by using super-field-depth microscope |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102305736A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2012-01-04 | 山东轻工业学院 | Method for preparing leather sample observed by metallurgical microscope |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102305736A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2012-01-04 | 山东轻工业学院 | Method for preparing leather sample observed by metallurgical microscope |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 英国皮革协会: "皮革分析检验方法 第六部分 皮革物理检验", 《皮革科技动态》 * |
| 陈宗良等: "光学显微技术在皮革研究中的应用", 《西部皮革》 * |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106525848A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-22 | 重庆市计量质量检测研究院 | Simple identification method of pig, cattle and sheep split leather |
| CN106525848B (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-04-23 | 重庆市计量质量检测研究院 | A kind of simple discrimination method of pig, cattle and sheep split leather material |
| CN107463962A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-12 | 张天君 | A kind of method and system of micro- artificial intelligence identification suitcase |
| CN107463962B (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2020-06-02 | 张天君 | Method and system for identifying leather bag through microscopic artificial intelligence |
| CN108254375A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-07-06 | 广州检验检测认证集团有限公司 | A kind of method for differentiating ox leather and buffalo leather |
| CN109541193A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-29 | 镇江市产品质量监督检验中心 | A kind of method for qualitative analysis of leather |
| CN112630220A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Method for observing elastic fibers in leather by using super-field-depth microscope |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN102809563B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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Address after: 511447 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province Panyu District Shilou Chao Tian Zhujianglu Road Industrial Zone No. 1-2 Patentee after: GUANGZHOU QUALITY SUPERVISION AND TESTING INSTITUTE Address before: Guangdong city in Guangzhou Province eight Yuexiu District two Road No. 38 Patentee before: Guangzhou Quality Supervision Inspection Research Institute |