CN102809285A - Large-section high-efficiency energy-saving type gas tunnel kiln - Google Patents
Large-section high-efficiency energy-saving type gas tunnel kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN102809285A CN102809285A CN2012102810201A CN201210281020A CN102809285A CN 102809285 A CN102809285 A CN 102809285A CN 2012102810201 A CN2012102810201 A CN 2012102810201A CN 201210281020 A CN201210281020 A CN 201210281020A CN 102809285 A CN102809285 A CN 102809285A
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Abstract
The invention provides a large-section high-efficiency energy-saving type gas tunnel kiln comprising a burner, a preheating zone, a firing zone and a cooling zone; the width and the height of the cross section of the inner part of the tunnel kiln is (1800mm-3500mm)*(1000mm-1500mm). The top end of the interior of the preheating zone is a flat top, and the top end of the interior of the firing zone is an arched structure. The arched top in the firing zone is provided with a plurality of baffles for stopping the hot airflow accelerating forwards along the inner height of the arched top. The invention further improves the radiating structure and the like of the burner and the cooling zone. Compared with the original tunnel kiln, the energy is saved by 29.3%, so the gas tunnel kiln is beneficial to controlling the firing cost to be lower than 30%, thereby greatly enhancing energy utilization ratio; in addition; the wide tunnel kiln has the advantages of high heat producing efficiency, multi-variable coupling intelligent control, high system response speed, convenience in operation of whole machine, fitness in high-temperature combustion-supporting, and the like, so that the gas tunnel kiln is beneficial to enhancing the product firing qualified rate and the firing quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to daily pottery tunnel cave technical field, be specifically related to a kind of heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln.
Background technology
China is Production of Ceramics big country, and the output of domestic ceramics and sanitary ceramics all ranks first in the world.But the efficiency of energy utilization of Chinese pottery industry is generally lower, and gap is lower, and efficiency of energy utilization only reaches 28%～30%, and its main cause is that the production thermal efficiency of main energy consumption equipment kiln of Production of Ceramics is low; The firing process energy consumption average level of domestic domestic ceramics fuel gas tunnel kiln is 29271～39725KJ/Kg porcelain, and advanced country's average level is merely 12549～39725KJ/Kg porcelain, and the firing process energy consumption has only about half of China.The energy consumption level of kiln depends primarily on furnace construction and firing technology.All there are deficiency in structural design, firing technology and the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN of existing daily pottery tunnel cave at present.
For example, cross section (wide * height) is 1000～1200mm * 800～1000mm in the existing daily pottery tunnel cave, and heat radiation accounts for total input hear rate big (20～25%).Existing daily pottery tunnel cave generally adopts single flat-tope structure or vault construction.
On firing technology, the combustion-supporting turbulent burner of existing mechanical is a lot, all is combustion gas basically in the side ejection of blowing of eddy flow aerofoil, burning when mixing with the air of seeing off, and mixed performance difference and time lack, and are prone to cause the combustion gas cracking, and carbon distribution influences combustion efficiency.Aspect flame control, because the kiln combustion conditions is changeable in real time, programming rate is fast, Weight Loaded is big when requiring, and needs to strengthen combustion gas, improves burner rating.At present, adopt instrument to drive the size of actuating mechanism controls combustion gas gas pushing quantity more, realize temperature control.But when gas quantity increases, then AIR Proportional diminishes, the influence burning, and when gas quantity diminishes, air excess then, waste thermal source.
Mostly existing tunnel kiln clinkering zone and salband junction are the pressure balance point, and promptly interface point place air-flow does not flow mutually, and therefore, waste heat does not obtain better utilization.
In the cooling of Cooling Section of Tunnel Kiln product, all be at present to utilize the heat radiation of kiln body refractory surface to reach the purpose of cooling basically, like this, otherwise be exactly to prolong salband length, it is long to increase kiln; Otherwise be exactly to reduce road speed, reduce output, increase energy consumption of unit product, on the other hand, the method for taking forced cooling is arranged also, promptly directly in kiln, extract hot gas, disturb airstream in kiln like this, influence is burnt till.
Therefore, optimized Structure Design, adopt advanced firing technology, waste heat recovery recycle, monitor the emphasis direction that control technology is the tunnel cave technological transformation automatically, the energy-saving and emission-reduction that promote ceramic industry are had crucial strategic importance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, a kind of heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln is provided, concrete technical scheme is following.
A kind of heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln comprises burner, preheating zone, clinkering zone and salband, and the wide * height of cross section is 1800mm ~ 3500mm * 1000 ~ 1500mm in the said tunnel cave, preferred 2380mm * 1220mm.
Further optimize, said preheating zone inner tip is a flat-top, and said clinkering zone inner tip is a vault construction, and the height at said vault center is greater than the height of said flat-top.
Further optimize, the more than one interior high baffle plate that quicken forward of thermal current along crown that be used to stop is set at the inner vault place of clinkering zone.
Further optimize, the upper end of said baffle plate is connected with vault, the last plane that load near product in the tunnel cave baffle plate lower end.
Further optimize, said baffle plate for vertically downward and with the tunnel cave transverse cross-section parallel.
Further optimize, said burner is a gas burner, and said burner is a gas burner, and gas burner comprises the premix district of blast tube, air duct and combustion gas and air; Air duct is positioned at the outside of blast tube, and blast tube one end is connected with source of the gas, the blast tube other end
ConnectThe premix district of combustion gas and air, the lateral wall in premix district is provided with the eddy flow aerofoil, and the eddy flow aerofoil is arranged in air duct; Be arranged in and have on the premix district lateral wall of eddy flow aerofoil one side that the part air that supplies air duct gets into and carry out the air intake of premix with the combustion gas of blast tube, have on the premix district lateral wall of eddy flow aerofoil opposite side the gaseous mixture output that supplies behind the premix and with the eddy flow aerofoil on the mixed gas outlet that mixes of the air exported.
Further optimize, blast tube is provided with the air pressure that is used for detecting air duct and regulates the air/gas ratio valve of blast tube flow according to air pressure, regulates gas quantity in proportion.
Further optimize, also comprise the blower fan that is used for behind kiln, carrying out axial forced air supply forward at salband.
Further optimize; Metal corrugated plate is adopted at kiln body internal layer wall and internal layer top at the salband place; With kiln inner chamber and external isolation, the kiln volume surrounding adopts refractory material, guarantees that heat does not distribute toward outside space; And reserve the gap as gas channel between kiln volume surrounding refractory material and the metal corrugated plate, have the opening that communicates with extraneous air in the refractory material lower end of gas channel bottom.
Further optimize, the temperature in the tunnel cave is regulated the control by PLC with air pressure, and PLC also controls plugging into automatically and the carriage return conveying of kiln waggon into, kiln front end kiln car, kiln rear end kiln car.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage and technique effect:
The present invention to kiln structure, combustion system, precisely reach many-sides such as Based Intelligent Control, UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN and design, improved efficiency of energy utilization greatly.The present invention adopts the heavy in section design, and the structure of preheating zone, clinkering zone and salband is improved, and it is combustion-supporting that recovery waste heat is used for hot-air, improved energy utilization rate.The present invention further installs air/gas ratio valve and the burner with good premix or half pre-mixing function, makes energy utilization rate further improve.With 1 68.5 meters length and width section (1.8 meters) domestic ceramics fuel gas tunnel kiln is example, and tunnel cave is produced the thermal efficiency >=38%, 915.3 tons in the energy-conservation signature coal of Dan Yaonian (being equivalent to reduce 2288.25 tons of carbon dioxide of discharging).Firing process energy consumption≤9000KJ/Kg porcelain, more energy-conservation 29.3% than original tunnel cave, help enterprise burning till cost control below 30%, significantly improve economic benefit of enterprises; In addition; The heavy in section tunnel cave has advantages such as " produce that the thermal efficiency is high, multivariable coupling Based Intelligent Control, system response time is fast, complete machine is easy to operate, to be fit to high temperature combustion-supporting "; Help improving the product sintering qualified rate, improve the quality of burning till of product, fecund goes out expensive goods.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b are respectively schematic cross-section in the preheating zone of the heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln in existing daily pottery tunnel cave and the embodiment.
Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b are respectively the preheating zone of the heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln in existing daily pottery tunnel cave and the embodiment and the axial cross section sketch map of clinkering zone.
Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b are respectively the burner part-structure sketch mapes of the heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln in existing daily pottery tunnel cave and the embodiment.
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are respectively the burner flame control structure sketch map of heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln in burners in prior flame control structure sketch map and the embodiment.
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are respectively the salband inner structure sketch map of the heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln in existing daily pottery tunnel cave and the embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the salband radiator structure sketch map of the heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln in the embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a kind of general structure sketch map of heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing enforcement of the present invention is described further, but enforcement of the present invention and protection domain are not limited thereto.
Like Fig. 1 a; Cross section (wide * height) is 1000～1200mm * 800～1000mm in the present daily pottery tunnel cave, is 1800mm ~ 3500mm * 1000 ~ 1500mm like cross section (wide * height) in the heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln in this embodiment of Fig. 1 b, and wherein wide 4 is the expanded letter structure; Wide * high preferred 2380mm * 1220mm; According to the method for testing of GB/T23459-2009 standard, with the test of tunnel kiln surface heat dissipation capacity and calculate institute and is known, generally the tunnel cave body of wall dispels the heat and accounts for 20～25% of total input hear rate; And after this embodiment carries out heavy in section design, can be reduced to about 16%.
Heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln in this embodiment adopts the scheme of flat-top, vault 5 and baffle plate 6 ingenious combinations.The tunnel cave air-flow moves towards characteristics: the clinkering zone high-temperature flue gas flows to the preheating zone, and the first half of the easy past inner chamber that rises of preheating zone hot gas is mobile, so; (like Fig. 1 a and Fig. 2 a), vault 5 parts are higher than the height at 1 place, arch angle, have increased the interior height at center if the preheating zone is built into arch; And the general top of the loading of product 3 is plane, has caused the loading height of product 3 and arch apical pore crack 2 excessive, and flow out outside the kiln thermal current come-up back; Both increase thermal loss, increased upper and lower temperature difference again.Shown in Fig. 1 b and Fig. 2 b, flat-top is adopted in the preheating zone, and interior height is pressed close to the last plane that product loads; Reduced the top hole and increased gas-flow resistance, forced air-flow down to move ahead, flue gas heat has been exchanged to the kiln base substrate; And improved the Lower Half temperature of loading the cross section, dwindle the preheating zone upper and lower temperature difference.
At present, for the tunnel cave that specific (special) requirements is arranged individually, its insied width also has greater than 1000mm, and when width was big, its kiln top was still all used flat-top on head to tail, causes the clinkering zone section temperature difference easily.Clinkering zone like this embodiment of Fig. 2 b adopts vault construction, increases the reliability of using on the one hand, has a narrow range of temperature on the other hand, has improved sintering qualified rate, and is energy-conservation.Kiln clinkering zone kiln top was the weak position of reliability originally, as using flat-top, except that being easy to; Also cause vertical clearance gap easily, cause hot gas to penetrate, therefore; Arch is adopted on clinkering zone kiln top (non-whole kilns top); Stressed kiln wall arch 1 place, angle that concentrates on, there is the side direction clamping force all the time in arch brick, and fastness is good.On the other hand, in the heat of the kiln of clinkering zone was transmitted, high temperature mainly leaned on radiation, when adopting flat-top; Swept area is little, and has only vertically downward, if adopt vault, then swept area is big; And the inward flange of preferred vault cross section is parabola shaped, and directive loads kernel of section, and temperature is even.
Because sagitta was bigger when the present invention adopted the heavy in section; Cause in the arch on high and the loading stocks plane hole bigger; It is high the upper air flow velocity to occur; The design is provided with multiple tracks baffle plate 6 at clinkering zone along difference kiln length direction, and baffle plate is installed to the last plane of loading near product vertically downward from encircleing interior height, limits thermal current 7 so on the one hand and flows forward along the interior height acceleration of arch.On the other hand; Changed the trend of air-flow 7; Air-flow 7 do not having the baffle position streamline upwards, how much stacks again forward, streamline infiltrates vertically downward and loads in the middle of the cross section when running into baffle plate, subsequently load in the middle of the cross section upwards, geometric superposition forward; " S " type of formation air-flow trend reaches the even effect of good temperature.
Like Fig. 3 a, mechanical combustion-supporting turbulent burner is a lot of at present, all is that combustion gas 302 is in the ejection of eddy flow aerofoil 301 air-supplies one side basically; Burning when mixing with the air of seeing off 303, mixed performance difference and time are short, are prone to cause the combustion gas cracking; Carbon distribution influences combustion efficiency.Like Fig. 3 b, in this embodiment, blast tube one termination source of the gas, the premix district of another termination combustion gas and air, the lateral wall in premix district is provided with eddy flow aerofoil 301, and eddy flow aerofoil 301 is arranged in air duct; Be arranged in and have on the premix district lateral wall of eddy flow aerofoil 301 1 sides that the part air 303 that supplies air duct gets into and carry out the air intake of premix with the combustion gas 302 of blast tube, have on the premix district lateral wall of eddy flow aerofoil opposite side gaseous mixture 304 outputs that supply behind the premix and with the eddy flow aerofoil on the mixed gas outlet that mixes of the air exported.The present invention with combustion gas and part air elder generation premix, is a gaseous mixture in the aerofoil side ejection of blowing at eddy flow aerofoil front end face, makes good mixing, and burning fully.
Aspect burner flame control, because the kiln combustion conditions is changeable in real time, programming rate is fast, Weight Loaded is big when requiring, and needs to strengthen combustion gas, improves burner rating.Like Fig. 4 a, at present instrument TC that adopt drive the size that actuator 401 control gas valves 402 are controlled the combustion gas gas pushing quantity more, realize temperature control.But when gas quantity increases, then AIR Proportional diminishes, the influence burning, and when gas quantity diminishes, air excess then, waste thermal source.Like Fig. 4 b, this embodiment does not adopt direct control combustion gas, and adopts control air; Let behind the air guide; Get the air pressure signal and control the flow size of combustion gas through air/gas ratio valve 403, regulate gas quantity in proportion, realize that flame combustion situation is stable according to the air pressure size.
Like Fig. 5 a, mostly existing tunnel kiln clinkering zone and salband junction are pressure balance point 501, and promptly interface point place air-flow does not flow mutually, and waste heat 503 flows out at the hole that pushes up on 502 from kiln under the blowing of fan 504.Pass through kiln tail blower fan 507 in salband axial forced air supply behind kiln forward like this embodiment of Fig. 5 b, make the high temperature air after heating, cross above-mentioned junction, directly get into clinkering zone, realize directly recycling in the waste heat kiln, energy-saving effect is obvious.
In the cooling of Cooling Section of Tunnel Kiln product, all be to utilize the heat radiation of kiln body refractory surface to reach the purpose of cooling basically, like this, otherwise be exactly to prolong salband length, it is long to increase kiln; Otherwise be exactly to reduce road speed, reduce output, increase energy consumption of unit product, on the other hand, the method for taking forced cooling is arranged also, promptly directly in kiln, extract hot gas, disturb airstream in kiln like this, influence is burnt till.Like Fig. 6, metal interior wall horse good fortune wall type metallic recuperator is adopted in cooling in this embodiment, and promptly metal corrugated plate 505 is adopted at kiln body internal layer wall and internal layer top; With kiln inner chamber and external isolation, the kiln volume surrounding adopts refractory material 506, guarantees that heat does not distribute toward outside space; And reserve the gap as gas channel between refractory material and the metal corrugated plate, channel bottom is in refractory material lower ending opening and exterior, during cooling; Take out hot gas from the top hole between refractory material and the metal corrugated plate, the lower end of channel bottom sucks extraneous air 508, washes away the outer surface of metal corrugated plate along hole; Take away heat, realize heat exchange, so both reached the purpose of fast cooling; Do not disturb airstream in kiln again, simultaneously, waste heat is recycled fully.
Existing tunnel cave adopts the temperature of each warm area of humidostat control more, and the design adopts the integrated control of PLC, except temp autocontrolled, is provided with into that kiln waggon, kiln front and back end kiln car are plugged into automatically, carriage return is carried, and realizes kiln car closed loop logic operation.Simultaneously, integrated functions such as kiln operation demonstration, log, protection automatically, indicating fault are set.PLC also controls plugging into automatically of kiln waggon into, kiln front end kiln car, kiln rear end kiln car and carriage return is carried.
Like Fig. 7, be a kind of general structure sketch map of heavy in section of the present invention high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln.Wherein preheating zone 709 length are 8160mm, and clinkering zone 710 length are 26520mm, and salband 711 length are 28560mm.The top, preheating zone is provided with chimney blower fan 704, the volatile matter that produces when being used to extract burning; Be provided with a plurality of burners 702 in the clinkering zone 710, blast tube is connected with combustion gas electromagnetism main valve 703 and is provided with gaseous-pressure table 701; Also introduce the air of burning usefulness in the clinkering zone 710 through combustion fan 706 and air duct; Clinkering zone 710 inner and upper also are provided with multiple tracks baffle plate 6 along difference kiln length direction; Introduce the cooling air through chilling blower fan 707 in the salband 711, salband 711 tops also are provided with air inducing blower fan 708, are used for extracting the hot gas between salband inner layer metal corrugated plating and the outer refractory; The kiln tail place of salband 711 is provided with kiln tail blower fan 507, is used for making high temperature air through heating after in salband 711 axial forced air supply behind kiln forward, crosses above-mentioned junction, directly gets into clinkering zone 710, realizes directly recycling in the waste heat kiln.
Instance: adopt above scheme that existing 2 old-fashioned 68.5 meters long domestic ceramics fuel gas tunnel kilns (section is 1 meter) are transformed, build 1 68.5 meters length and width section (1.8 meters) domestic ceramics fuel gas tunnel kiln.After the reconstruction, tunnel cave is produced the thermal efficiency >=38%, and 915.3 tons in the energy-conservation signature coal of Dan Yaonian is more energy-conservation 29.3% than original tunnel cave, helps enterprise burning till cost control below 30%, significantly improves economic benefit of enterprises; In addition; Wide tunnel furnace has advantages such as " produce that the thermal efficiency is high, multivariable coupling Based Intelligent Control, system response time is fast, complete machine is easy to operate, to be fit to high temperature combustion-supporting "; Help improving the product sintering qualified rate, improve the quality of burning till of product, fecund goes out expensive goods.
Claims (10)
1. a heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln comprises burner, preheating zone, clinkering zone and salband, it is characterized in that the wide * high 1800mm ~ 3500mm * 1000 ~ 1500mm of being of cross section in the said tunnel cave.
2. heavy in section according to claim 1 high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln is characterized in that said preheating zone inner tip is a flat-top, and said clinkering zone inner tip is a vault construction, and the height in the middle of the said vault is greater than the height of said flat-top.
3. heavy in section according to claim 1 high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln is characterized in that being provided with at the inner vault place of clinkering zone and is used to stop the interior high baffle plate that quicken forward of thermal current along crown more than one.
4. heavy in section according to claim 3 high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln is characterized in that the upper end of said baffle plate is connected with vault, the last plane that load near product in the tunnel cave baffle plate lower end.
5. heavy in section according to claim 3 high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln, it is characterized in that said baffle plate for vertically downward and with the tunnel cave transverse cross-section parallel.
6. heavy in section according to claim 3 high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln is characterized in that said burner is a gas burner, and gas burner comprises the premix district of blast tube, air duct and combustion gas and air; Air duct is positioned at the outside of blast tube, and blast tube one end is connected with source of the gas, the premix district of another termination combustion gas of blast tube and air, and the lateral wall in premix district is provided with the eddy flow aerofoil, and the eddy flow aerofoil is arranged in air duct; Be arranged in and have on the premix district lateral wall of eddy flow aerofoil one side that the part air that supplies air duct gets into and carry out the air intake of premix with the combustion gas of blast tube, have on the premix district lateral wall of eddy flow aerofoil opposite side the gaseous mixture output that supplies behind the premix and with the eddy flow aerofoil on the mixed gas outlet that mixes of the air exported.
7. heavy in section according to claim 6 high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln is characterized in that blast tube is provided with the air pressure that is used for detecting air duct and regulates the air/gas ratio valve of blast tube flow according to air pressure.
8. heavy in section according to claim 7 high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln is characterized in that also comprising the blower fan that is used for carrying out behind kiln at salband axial forced air supply forward.
9. heavy in section according to claim 1 high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln; It is characterized in that adopting metal corrugated plate at the kiln body internal layer wall and the internal layer top at salband place; With kiln inner chamber and external isolation; The kiln volume surrounding adopts refractory material, and reserves the gap as gas channel between kiln volume surrounding refractory material and the metal corrugated plate, has the opening that communicates with extraneous air in the refractory material lower end of this gas channel bottom.
10. according to each described heavy in section high-efficiency and energy-saving type fuel gas tunnel kiln of claim 1～9, it is characterized in that temperature and the air pressure adjusting in the tunnel cave controlled by PLC.
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| CN104609826A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-05-13 | 李岗 | Production line for making bricks by mixing drill cuttings and shales |
| CN109442988A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-08 | 山西北斗星新材料有限公司 | A kind of kiln car formula kiln with waste-heat recovery device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102809285B (en) | 2014-02-26 |
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