CN102808912A - Friction transmission structure and gear transmission capable of idling in overload state - Google Patents
Friction transmission structure and gear transmission capable of idling in overload state Download PDFInfo
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- CN102808912A CN102808912A CN2012102908977A CN201210290897A CN102808912A CN 102808912 A CN102808912 A CN 102808912A CN 2012102908977 A CN2012102908977 A CN 2012102908977A CN 201210290897 A CN201210290897 A CN 201210290897A CN 102808912 A CN102808912 A CN 102808912A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a friction transmission structure and a gear transmission capable of idling in an overload state. One of a rotating shaft and a transmission shaft of a gear transmission mechanism of the gear transmission is provided with a gear with a special structure; the special point of the gear includes that an inner hole ring slot is arranged on an inner hole of the gear, and correspondingly, an excircle ring slot is arranged at a corresponding assembly position of a shaft section for mounting the gear; and a regularly polygonal friction spring with five sides at least and ten sides at most is clamped in a ring cavity formed by matching the inner hole ring slot with the excircle ring slot and is in static friction matching with the inner hole ring slot and the excircle ring slot. The friction transmission structure and the gear transmission capable of idling in the overload state are compact in structure and long in service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mechanical transmission, specifically is the friction driving structure, also relates to simultaneously based on this slip gear a kind of transshipping the gear drive of idle running.
Background technique
Known, gear drive is the most a kind of mechanical transmission mechanism of practical application.It can be used to transmit the motion and the power of any two between centers in space, and have compact structure, characteristics such as power range is big, transmission efficiency is high, velocity ratio is accurate, long service life.Yet this application mechanical transmission mechanism the most widely mainly is to be main positive drive with the higher pair, when producing overload, makes the form of gear tooth produce plastic deformation, cold welding wearing and tearing easily, even consequence such as broken teeth.
Simultaneously, generally through the rotation like control motors such as sensitive switch, optoelectronic switch or programs, the driven gear transmission device is realized the operation of machine or certain function module then in using gear-driven existing mechanism.Wherein, sensitive switch and optoelectronic switch are the influence that main components and parts inevitably can receive periphery electromagnetic environment, perhaps are failure to actuate and produce misoperation; Is running environment and the current state that main control mode then depends on control system with software, also unstable, break down easily or have certain rate of fault, this be this type control mode intrinsic characteristics, be difficult to avoid.
Therefore, in the application that contains gear drive, also can be provided with usually,, can protect other parts of equipment through hardware limit in case the program running instability causes software limit to lose efficacy like mechanical stop limiter like service routine control.But after after the parts of gear drive control are through the software limit that lost efficacy, arriving mechanical position limitation, can receive the impact of rigidity, and load is strengthened suddenly, it is badly damaged to cause whole driving mechanism or motor to receive.
In further realizing again, can be at the flexible drives of mechanical driving part setting such as tape handler, when load increases suddenly, carry out powerdriven tape handler based on friction and can produce and skid, destroy and can not produce other parts of driving mechanism.Yet; As previously mentioned; Adopt the occasion of gear drive to select one of gear-driven purpose accurate for velocity ratio, tape handler has the uncertain build-in attribute of velocity ratio, and the driving mechanism that obviously contains tape handler is not suitable for being applied in the precision drive.Certainly, except the synchronous band transmission in the tape handler, but the principle of band is similar to gear transmission synchronously, does not also have the ability of shock absorbing.And tape handler has only 85% as the transmission efficiency of flat belt driving mechanism is the highest, and along with the wearing and tearing aggravation, it is very severe that transmission efficiency descends, and obviously this and gear drive are inconsistent to high efficiency transmission.
In some were realized, the disc type friction coupling was able to use, and relied on frictional force to transmit the power between motor and the gear drive.When the moment of torsion that is transmitted surpassed the maximum static friction force allowable torque of its friction disk, its friction disk can produce sliding friction, skids in other words, made within the scope that loads on permission of gear drive, also can not produce excessive impact to motor.Yet disc type friction coupling size is relatively complicated, and size is bigger than normal, uses and receives very big restriction.In addition, the disc type friction coupling lacks wear compensation mechanism, and after friction disk may wear to a certain degree, transmission efficiency can seriously descend.
In other are realized, a kind ofly use in gear transmission based on the structure of friction driving equally, take the form of the conversion of disc type friction coupling; The a pair of friction disk that engages is the awl dish structure with certain taper, and one of them friction disk is fixed at the friction disk axial position, and another friction disk floats at the friction disk axial position; And compress through this axial hold down gag; Provide frictional force to produce needed positive pressure, simultaneously, can be used for the compensation of friction disk wearing and tearing.Yet this conversion can only reduce the complexity of friction gearing to a small extent.Through long term studies, the inventor thinks, if think further to reduce the complexity based on the device of friction driving, need ward off new technology path in addition.
Summary of the invention
Therefore,, the invention provides a kind of new friction driving structure that can be applicable to gear drive, and a kind of gear drive that transships idle running is provided in view of the above based on further considering of friction driving.
For realizing goal of the invention of the present invention, the technological scheme that is adopted is:
A kind of friction driving structure; One of the rotating shaft of gear drive or transmission shaft are equipped with the gear of a specified structure; The specific part of this gear is that its endoporus has the endoporus annular groove, and correspondingly, the shaft part that is used to install said gear has annular groove outside at corresponding rigging position;
One snaps in smaller or equal to the regular polygon friction spring on 10 limits more than or equal to 5 limits and to be cooperated with said annular groove outside by said endoporus annular groove and cooperate in the ring cavity that forms and with interior ring annular groove and annular groove outside static friction.
The application of so above-mentioned friction driving structure in gear drive shows as:
A kind of gear drive that transships idle running; One of the rotating shaft of said gear drive or transmission shaft are equipped with the gear of a specified structure; The specific part of this gear is that its endoporus has the endoporus annular groove; Correspondingly, the shaft part that is used to install said gear has annular groove outside at corresponding rigging position;
One snaps in smaller or equal to the regular polygon friction spring on 10 limits more than or equal to 5 limits and to be cooperated with said annular groove outside by said endoporus annular groove and cooperate in the ring cavity that forms and with interior ring annular groove and annular groove outside static friction.
In numerous structures based on friction driving, the common configuration more complicated, for this reason; The present invention opens up a new technology path; Use the middleware of spring, and this spring is the regular polygon structure, after the regular polygon spring is pressed into annular groove outside and endoporus annular groove as friction driving; Can deform, and the spring-back force that spring recovery distortion is produced is into the positive pressure in the generation friction.Because the nominal torque transmitted confirms, so said specified positive pressure also confirms, the maximum positive voltage power in the margin of safety of design gear driving mechanism in view of the above, and it is relatively easy to design.
In addition, utilize annular groove can realize the axially locating of respective gears, can no longer need extra axially locating parts or structure to a certain extent, structure is compact.Importantly, than the existing structure based on friction driving, it only need make change to a gear and axle thereof, and its structural compactness is far from the existing structure based on friction driving and compares.
In further using, said gear is the input gear of gear drive/device, and is arranged on the shaft end of corresponding input shaft, reduces the assembling difficulty based on the gear of this class formation again.
And, preferably be chosen as 6 limits or 8 limits with centrosymmetric structure about the limit number of said regular polygon friction spring.
In order to reduce the installation difficulty of gear, said regular polygon friction spring breaks off at place, one of which summit.
A kind of method that improves friction factor, said endoporus annular groove and said annular groove outside are the V-type groove; And the steel wire of said friction spring is a Round Steel Wire.
Below in conjunction with Figure of description technological scheme of the present invention being detailed, is that those skilled in the art better understands and the realization technological scheme that the present invention limited.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart (explosive view) according to a kind of gear drive that transships idle running of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is for installing the required special tooling sketch of friction spring among the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, load gear, 2, friction spring, 3, the load transmission shaft, 4, driving gear, 5, motor; 6, conus portion, 7, columnar portion.
Embodiment
Should understand; First purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel friction driving structure based on friction driving; And the gear drive of using the overload idle running of this friction driving structure; About the size of required frictional force, the existing friction structure based on friction driving of foundation should be by extensive cognition in related domain so, and the size of frictional force is selected and needed safety coefficient should be by cognition.
About the axially locating of respective gears, close and in aforesaid content, mention, can cast out axially locating parts or structure, but explain just here and can do so to a certain extent that this paper does not get rid of use axially locating parts or structure.
Should understand, occurred among this paper like the endoporus annular groove, answer the annular groove of spindle line and gear coaxial line.
A kind of friction driving structure is applied in the gear drive, and what be more readily understood is, applied is in the mechanism of accurate transmission, and gear drive can constitute the part in the mechanism of this accurate transmission.In such driving mechanism, one of rotating shaft or transmission shaft are equipped with the gear of a specified structure, and the specific part of this gear is that its endoporus has the endoporus annular groove, and correspondingly, the shaft part that is used to install said gear has annular groove outside at corresponding rigging position;
One snaps in smaller or equal to the regular polygon friction spring on 10 limits more than or equal to 5 limits and to be cooperated with said annular groove outside by said endoporus annular groove and cooperate in the ring cavity that forms and with interior ring annular groove and annular groove outside static friction.
Known, d-axis can be divided into again: 1. rotating shaft, not only bear moment of flexure but also bear moment of torsion during work, and be modal axle in the machinery, like the axle in the various retarders etc.2. axle is used for supporting that rotational parts only bears moment of flexure and transmitting torque not, and some axle is rotated, and like the axle of railway vehicle etc., some axle is not then rotated, like the axle of supporting pulley etc.3. transmission shaft mainly is used for transmitting torque and does not bear moment of flexure, like the long optical axis in the hoist mobile mechanism, the live axle of automobile etc.In this article, the friction driving structure is used for transmitting torque, and therefore, predictably, this friction driving structure can be used on rotating shaft and transmission shaft.
In addition,, in designing and calculating, need carry out Stress Check herein, in case of necessity, increase the diameter of axle axle because the existence of annular groove outside can produce stress and concentrate.
To a certain extent, because the torque ratio of being transmitted is bigger, said gear has enough by reliable location, especially under the situation that endoporus annular groove and annular groove outside are set in the axial direction.But, can special position structure or positioning element be set for reliable location.
Why on two parts that cooperate, just on gear and the axle annular groove is set all, be not only to be used for the location, in such structure, can produce the space of spring deformation in view of the above, the convenient installation.
Should know that the spring-back force of employed friction spring can guarantee under the situation that produces some wearing and tearing, can compensate automatically in said structure, certainly, this compensation is not to be whole compensation, but in the margin of safety of setting, can guarantee reliable transmission.
Should know that " friction " in the friction spring and indefiniteness term do not constitute the concrete qualification to spring structure.Can think a kind of simple differentiation under concrete application here.
About friction; Selecting the bigger said friction spring of material of [coefficient of; This material has friction factor preferably with the axle that is applied to and the storeroom of gear, and through checking, using preferably at present, material is 65Mn; Certainly, those skilled in the art can be to select in the close of 65Mn or the material that character is close at grade of steel.
Should refer to that the wheel hub of gear is generally long, the spring that said friction spring can adopt the circular section steel wire to make also can be the friction spring that flat spring is made, and the former makes more easily, and the latter is stable now better.And it is obvious that; Form and saidly can axially not occupy whole wheel hub like the endoporus annular groove; So about the fit form of other parts of wheel hub with axle; The inventor thinks should adopt conventional fit system at this, can guarantee the stability of friction spring in changing groove, and guarantees that the centre distance of gear is reliable.Three kinds of fit systems all can adopt, and in the application for frequent dismounting, can adopt Spielpassung, and for adopting transition fit in the lower application of dismounting frequency, and in the application for not dismounting basically, can adopt interference fit.In this programme, preferably adopt interference fit, guarantee gear and coaxality axle.
About the installation of friction spring, earlier special tooling shown in Figure 2 is connected with axial end with known mode, the column part diameter of frock is identical with the end face part diameter of axle; Friction spring is placed in the endoporus annular groove of gear, the tapered segment of the gear that directly will overlap friction spring then through frock moves toward the direction of axle, along with the increasing gradually of tapered segment diameter; Friction spring being extruded slowly more and more round; Arrive the column part of frock when gear after, because two-part diameter is identical, can advance toward the axle head direction this moment always; Till the annular groove outside that arrives on the axle; This moment, friction spring was stuck between two annular grooves fully, and so far assembled is pulled down frock and got final product.
Interior annular groove is opened the middle part at gear tooth width.
In structure shown in Figure 1; Said gear; Just the load gear 1 shown in the figure be the input gear of gear drive, is meshed with driving gear 4 on the motor 5, and this structure can reduce gear drive when safeguarding to the dismounting of the gear selected; And be arranged on the shaft end of corresponding input shaft to said gear, can further reduce the dismounting difficulty.
Preferably, the limit number of said regular polygon friction spring is 6 limits or 8 limits, and this structure is an axially symmetric structure, when mounted, makes things convenient for the application of force.Obviously, the limit number is many more, approaches circle more, but approaches very much the circular basis that utilizes recoil of spring power that also just lost.Therefore, through checking, maximum can not surpass 10 limits, and the limit number is many more, and manufacture difficulty is also big more.The limit number can not make friction spring produce violent distortion very little very little easily, produces work-hardening, and friction spring lost efficacy easily, and therefore, the limit number can not be less than 5 limits, makes drift angle greater than 90 degree.
Further, install for ease, said regular polygon friction spring breaks off at place, one of which summit, like this, when mounted, can a breakpoint be that reference point is installed just, is pressed into a limit one by one.When not having breakpoint, can support friction spring in advance near the shape of installing earlier, and then be inserted in the endoporus annular groove by means of the frock of the conical part that supports in advance.
Preferably, said endoporus annular groove and said annular groove outside are the V-type groove, can locate automatically, and simultaneously, the friction factor of V-type groove is relatively big; So corresponding, the steel wire of said friction spring is a Round Steel Wire.About the size at the V-type angle of V-type groove, 60 can obtain bigger friction factor when spending in theory, yet this certainly will cause groove depth relatively large, the theoretic springback capacity of friction spring can be bigger, is unfavorable for installing, and bigger to the Torsion Section coefficient influence of axle.For this reason,, adopt the V-type angle of 120 degree, make diameter of axle conversion mild relatively through selecting, the convenient installation, and smaller to slackening of axle.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural principle of the gear drive that transships idle running, is the concrete application of above-mentioned friction driving structure, can have this clearly according to other parts of this paper and understand, and repeats no more at this.
In structure shown in Figure 1, individual groove is arranged above the load gear 1, can friction spring 2 be buckled in the groove of load gear 1; Load gear 1 can be contained in through the frock of special use on the load transmission shaft 3, and a similar groove is also arranged on the load transmission shaft 3, can prevent that load gear 1 from moving forward and backward; Friction spring 2 is the regular hexagon spring, can be circle by rigid extruding behind the load gear 1 of packing into, thereby produce a constant relatively frictional force; Motor 5 puts on torsion on the load gear 1 through driving gear 4, and load gear 1 through these constant frictional force drive load transmission shaft 3 rotations, drives the smooth running of entire machine more then; When load increases suddenly and surpasses the constant load value of setting; Relative displacement will take place between load gear 1 and the load transmission shaft 3 slide, at this moment load gear 1 just begins idle running, and drive load transmission shaft 3 is rotated further again; The load force that exceeds is just unloaded in the friction spring place, has protected the safety of equipment and motor effectively.
Claims (10)
1. friction driving structure; It is characterized in that; One of the rotating shaft of gear drive or transmission shaft are equipped with the gear of a specified structure; The specific part of this gear is that its endoporus has the endoporus annular groove, and correspondingly, the shaft part that is used to install said gear has annular groove outside at corresponding rigging position;
One snaps in smaller or equal to the regular polygon friction spring on 10 limits more than or equal to 5 limits and to be cooperated with said annular groove outside by said endoporus annular groove and cooperate in the ring cavity that forms and with interior ring annular groove and annular groove outside static friction.
2. friction driving structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said gear is the input gear of gear drive, and is arranged on the shaft end of corresponding input shaft.
3. friction driving structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the limit number of said regular polygon friction spring is 6 limits or 8 limits.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 described friction driving structures, it is characterized in that said regular polygon friction spring breaks off at place, one of which summit.
5. friction driving structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said endoporus annular groove and said annular groove outside are the V-type groove; And the steel wire of said friction spring is a Round Steel Wire.
6. one kind transships the gear drive of idle running; It is characterized in that; One of the rotating shaft of said gear drive or transmission shaft are equipped with the gear of a specified structure; The specific part of this gear is that its endoporus has the endoporus annular groove, and correspondingly, the shaft part that is used to install said gear has annular groove outside at corresponding rigging position;
One snaps in smaller or equal to the regular polygon friction spring on 10 limits more than or equal to 5 limits and to be cooperated with said annular groove outside by said endoporus annular groove and cooperate in the ring cavity that forms and with interior ring annular groove and annular groove outside static friction.
7. the gear drive of overload idle running according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said gear is the input gear of gear drive, and is arranged on the shaft end of corresponding input shaft.
8. the gear drive of overload idle running according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the limit number of said regular polygon friction spring is 6 limits or 8 limits.
9. according to the gear drive of claim 6 or 8 described overload idle runnings, it is characterized in that said regular polygon friction spring breaks off at place, one of which summit.
10. the gear drive of overload idle running according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said endoporus annular groove and said annular groove outside are the V-type groove; And the steel wire of said friction spring is a Round Steel Wire.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210290897.7A CN102808912B (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2012-09-07 | Friction transmission structure and gear transmission capable of idling in overload state |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210290897.7A CN102808912B (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2012-09-07 | Friction transmission structure and gear transmission capable of idling in overload state |
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| CN102808912A true CN102808912A (en) | 2012-12-05 |
| CN102808912B CN102808912B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106121832A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-16 | 江门市英合创展电子有限公司 | A kind of inlet manifold path control of gear train transmission |
| CN106196542A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-12-07 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Roller mechanism and air conditioner with same |
| CN109245050A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-18 | 广州卓帝电子科技有限公司 | A kind of electric motor protective device |
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| CN102039869A (en) * | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-04 | 株式会社东海理化电机制作所 | Webbing take-up device |
| CN202746437U (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2013-02-20 | 山东神戎电子股份有限公司 | Friction drive structure and overload gear transmission device capable of idling |
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| US1384173A (en) * | 1918-05-10 | 1921-07-12 | S K F Ball Bearing Company | Flexible bushing |
| US3929392A (en) * | 1973-02-15 | 1975-12-30 | Nissan Motor | Resilient bearing structure |
| US3980352A (en) * | 1973-05-11 | 1976-09-14 | Tribotech Incorporated | Spring bearing assembly |
| EP1586782A1 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-10-19 | Eugen Spintzyk | Overload protection device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106121832A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-11-16 | 江门市英合创展电子有限公司 | A kind of inlet manifold path control of gear train transmission |
| CN106121832B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2022-10-11 | 江门市英合创展电子有限公司 | Gear set transmission intake manifold access controller |
| CN106196542A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-12-07 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Roller mechanism and air conditioner with same |
| CN109245050A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-18 | 广州卓帝电子科技有限公司 | A kind of electric motor protective device |
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| CN102808912B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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