CN102808138B - New austenite stainless steel material of fuel cladding in supercritical water cooled reactor, and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
New austenite stainless steel material of fuel cladding in supercritical water cooled reactor, and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a new austenite stainless steel material of a fuel cladding in a supercritical water cooled reactor, and a manufacturing process thereof. The new austenite stainless steel material is manufactured by adding trace alloy elements Ti (0.03-1%), Nb or Zr (0.01-1%) and Y (0.01-0.5%) to tradition austenite stainless steel and carrying out processes of alloy smelting, casting, forging, heat treatment, rolling, and grain refining treatment. The new austenite stainless steel material of the present invention has the following characteristics that: a tensile strength and a yield strength are respectively 300 MPa and 110 MPa at a temperature of 700 DEG C; mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the alloy are increased while irradiation swelling resistance of the alloy is substantially improved; excellent performances of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and irradiation swelling resistance are provided; the technical key point that the austenite stainless steel fuel cladding in the four generation supercritical water cooled reactor must meet the supercritical operating condition requirements is solved so as to provide basic guarantee for safe operation of the supercritical water cooled reactor core.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear reactor structure material and manufacturing process thereof, specifically austenitic stainless steel material and the manufacturing process thereof of fuel sheath in a kind of supercritical water cooled nuclear reactor.
Background technology
Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor be the 4th generation nuclear reactor, have that thermo-efficiency is high, an advantage such as designs simplification, security are good, good economy performance, its fuel canning material is the gordian technique of Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor.At present, the Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor can material of paying close attention to both at home and abroad is mainly divided into nickel-base alloy and the large class of austenitic stainless steel two.Because the high neutron economy that causes of nickel content in nickel-base alloy is not high, therefore austenitic stainless steel becomes the active material of fuel sheath candidate.But, under Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor operation condition, requiring the steady temperature of fuel sheath is 500～650 DEG C, transient temperature is 800 DEG C, accident conditions temperature will reach more than 1000 DEG C, and involucrum operates under radiation environment, not only need its material to have good high temperature corrosion-resisting performance, mechanical property, especially the anti-void swelling performance of material is had to higher requirement.And apply at present ripe austenitic stainless steel as 316Ti, 310S, TP347HFG, HR3C, under supercritical behavior, all exist different problems, as 316Ti has good hot strength and anti-radiation performance, but the discontented sufficient requirement of high temperature corrosion-resisting performance; 310S has good hot strength and corrosion resistance nature, its anti-void swelling poor performance; TP347HFG has good hot strength, but the discontented sufficient requirement of high temperature corrosion-resisting performance, and also the irradiation behaviour of this material does not have related experiment result; And HR3C also has good hot strength, but irradiation behaviour the unknown.
At present these ripe austenitic stainless steels, can not meet completely the 4th generation nuclear reactor supercritical behavior envrionment conditions requirement, thereby it is imperative to develop a kind of new austenitic stainless steel can material that can meet supercritical behavior requirement.
Through retrieval, have no and can meet the austenitic stainless steel can material of supercritical behavior requirement and concrete preparation technology's report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is: be supercritical water cooled nuclear reactor fuel canning material, provide one can meet supercritical behavior requirement, have austenitic stainless steel material and the manufacturing process thereof of high temperature resistant, solidity to corrosion and anti-void swelling excellent combination property.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
An austenitic stainless steel material for fuel sheath in Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor, its alloy composition comprises the following alloying element of amount by weight percentage:
Si： 0.1～1.5％；
Mn： 0.1～2.0％；
Ti： 0.03～1％；
Nb or Zr:0.01～1%;
Y： 0.01～0.5％，
Cr： 15～35％；
Ni： 12.0～35％；
Surplus is Fe.
Manufacture the austenitic stainless steel material of fuel sheath in described Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor, the following processing step of Bian:
Step 1 batching:
Prepare burden according to the alloy composition element of above-mentioned austenitic stainless steel material, and add the reductor Ca of this stainless material weight 0.05%～0.1%;
Step 2 crucible and mould degasification:
Crucible and casting mould are placed in high temperature drying case and are heated to 200 DEG C～1200 DEG C, and insulation 1h～10h, carries out degasification;
Step 3 vacuum induction melting:
Crucible after degasification and casting mould are taken out from high temperature drying case, first the Fe of batching, Cr and Ni are put into crucible, open vacuum induction furnace door, successively casting mould and the crucible that Fe, Cr and Ni batching are housed are placed in to bottom and the middle part of vacuum induction furnace, again by the reductor Ca of batching Si, Mn, Ti, Nb or Zr, Y and 0.05%～0.1%, put into successively the feeder on vacuum induction furnace top, close fire door, vacuum induction furnace is evacuated to 10
-2fe when Pa in power transmission smelting pot, Cr and Ni material, smelting temperature is 1400 DEG C ~ 1600 DEG C, initial power is 5 KW, then hoisting power is to 20KW, after in formation molten bath and molten bath in crucible without other unreacted refractory metal, by the Si in the feeder of vacuum induction furnace top, Mn, Ti, Nb or Zr, Y batching is sequentially put into the melting of crucible molten bath, finally the reductor Ca in feeder is put into molten bath alloy liquation and carry out deoxidation, in the time of 1450 DEG C ~ 1650 DEG C of temperature, the deoxygenated alloy liquation of melting in crucible is poured in the casting mould of vacuum induction furnace bottom and forms ingot casting, after mold cools down, ingot casting is come out of the stove,
Step 4 arc melting:
By the ingot casting excision rising head of coming out of the stove, be forged into the pole of Φ 50mm ~ 60mm at 950 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C, the bright and clean consumable electrode of making of polishing; It is welded on the supporting electrode of vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace by argon arc welding, vacuumizes and make the vacuum tightness of vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace arrive 10
-2pa, then leaks hunting, and starts the starting the arc of switching on while guaranteeing electric arc furnace leak rate lower than 1.0Pa/min, at voltage 20V ~ 35V, electric current is to melt consumable electrode under 1200A ~ 2000A, its alloy molten solution is entered in the water jacketed copper crucible of vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace and carry out melting, until consumable electrode is all melted
,after cooling, alloy pig is come out of the stove.
Step 5 is forged:
At 1000 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C temperature, the alloy pig of coming out of the stove is forged, forging ratio is 1.5 ~ 6.0;
Step 6 hot rolling:
At 950 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C temperature, the alloy pig of forging is carried out to hot rolling, rolling reduction is 20% ~ 80%, and the alloy pig of forging is rolled into sheet material;
Step 7 thermal treatment:
The sheet alloy being rolled into is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace, be heated 950 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C, then be incubated 5min ~ 60min, then air cooling annealing;
Step 8 cold rolling with the processing of vacuum annealing grain refining:
Carry out cold rollingly to the sheet alloy after annealing, cold rolling amount is 5% ~ 20%, is then placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace and carries out vacuum annealing, and annealing temperature is 850 DEG C ~ 1050 DEG C, and annealing time is 20min ~ 60min;
Step 9: the cold rolling and vacuum annealing process process of repeating step 82 ~ 5 times.
The present invention adds micro-Ti, Nb or Zr, Y in austenitic stainless steel, by crystal grain thinning, be formed in crystal or the carbide pinning of crystal boundary, in improving alloy mechanical property and corrosive nature, greatly put forward heavy alloyed anti-void swelling performance, thereby make the alloy material after modification meet the integration requirement of supercritical behavior to can material.
In batching for step 1 alloy, add Ti, make on the one hand austenitic stainless steel grain refining, and thin crystal boundary can increase the lower reaches of the point defect that absorbs irradiation generation, not only can suppress the gathering in room, can improve the defect that irradiation produces, thereby improve the radiation embrittlement of alloy simultaneously.On the other hand Ti in the time of crystallization and C form carbide in crystal or the pinning of crystal boundary, suppress growing up and assembling of cavity, thus inhibition void swelling.Again, be solid-solubilized in Ti in alloy the carrying out along with effect of irradiation, the vacancy defect that Ti and Alloy Irradiation produce forms " Ti-room " complex body, Ti-room " complex body catches Ti again and forms Ti throw out; thus the vacancy defect of occupying stops room to be grown up, and suppresses void swelling.But, the control that Ti add-on should be strict, excessive Ti adds the precipitate that not only can separate out at crystal boundary a large amount of Ti, as large-size particles such as TiN, causes sclerosis and the embrittlement of alloy, and the membership that adds of simultaneously excessive Ti makes alloy surface of poor quality.
For adding Nb or Zr in step 1 alloying ingredient, on the one hand in the time of crystallization, form the pinning of carbide at intracrystalline or crystal boundary with C, suppress growing up and assembling of cavity, thus inhibition void swelling.Make on the other hand austenitic stainless steel grain refining, and thin crystal boundary can increase the lower reaches of the point defect that absorbs irradiation generation, not only can suppress the gathering in room, can improve the defect that irradiation produces simultaneously, thereby improve the radiation embrittlement of alloy.But, the control that the add-on of element should be strict, the excessive membership that adds is separated out a large amount of precipitates at crystal boundary, causes sclerosis and the embrittlement of alloy.
For adding Y in step 1 alloying ingredient, can in the time of alloy crystallization, form the more nuclei of crystallization, thereby crystal grain thinning, and thin crystal boundary can increase the lower reaches of the point defect that absorbs irradiation generation, not only can suppress the gathering in room, can improve the defect that irradiation produces, thereby improve the radiation embrittlement of alloy simultaneously.
By design orthogonal experiment, in alloy, the impact of the microtexture of the addition alloy of Ti, (Nb or Zr), Y (grain fineness number, precipitate distribution etc.), mechanical property, anti-void swelling performance is studied, and finally determines that Ti, (Nb or Zr), the addition that Y is suitable are: Ti:0.03～1%; (Nb or Zr): 0.01～1%; Y:0.01～0.5%.
Be by heat, insulation for the main purpose of step 2 crucible and mould degasification, make the volatilization such as moisture, gas in crucible and mould, thereby prevent from increasing at vacuum induction melting process interalloy the impurity such as N, O, H.By many experiments, can reach degassing purpose to crucible, mold heated to 200 DEG C～1200 DEG C, insulation 1h～10h.
For the double melting technological design of step 3, step 4 vacuum induction melting and vacuum consumable arc-melting, on the one hand by vacuum induction melting, casting, can make the composition of alloy more even by induction stirring, pass through on the other hand vacuum consumable arc-melting, the impurity element such as O, N, H that can remove alloy, makes alloy purer.Simultaneously, in order to prevent a large amount of volatilizations and the scaling loss of trace element in alloy, Si, Mn, Ti, (Nb or Zr), Y and reductor (Ca) are put into vacuum induction furnace feeder, until in alloy, form molten bath without other unreacted refractory metal after, add again these micro-elements, thereby reduce volatilization and scaling loss.Finally grope by experiment repeatedly, obtain the processing parameters such as vacuum induction melting and vacuum consumable arc-melting vacuum tightness, temperature, power, electric current, voltage.
For the forging of step 5 interalloy, can eliminate part casting flaw on the one hand, can smash on the other hand the large crystal grain of casting alloy, because this alloy can be separated out a large amount of δ fragility phases at 700 DEG C～900 DEG C, make the hot workability variation of alloy, so forging temperature is controlled at more than 900 DEG C.Grope by experiment 1000 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C involutory ingots and forge, forging is controlled at 1.5 ~ 6.0 and can eliminates casting flaw, crystal grain thinning.
For the hot rolling of step 6 interalloy, equally in order to prevent that alloy from separating out a large amount of δ fragility phases, the temperature of rolling, more than 900 DEG C, gropes to carry out the hot rolling test of alloy at 950 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C by experiment, and controlled rolling deflection 20% ~ 80% can obtain good tissue and performance.
For the thermal treatment of step 7 interalloy, alloy is heated to phase transition temperature then insulation above, make full and uniformization of alloy, then air cooling, obtain tissue, the uniform alloy of comparison of ingredients, be heated to 950 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C with stove by experiment, insulation 5min ~ 60min, then air cooling can obtain good tissue and performance.
For the processing of step 8 grain refining, adopt the cold rolling annealing heat treatment process that adds of multi-pass small deformation, by carrying out orthogonal experiment, cold rolling amount 5% ~ 20%, 850 DEG C ~ 1050 DEG C of annealing temperatures, annealing time 20min ~ 60min, repeat can obtain tiny crystal grain 2 to 5 times.
Effect of the present invention is: the austenitic stainless steel novel material that adopts manufacturing process of the present invention to produce, can meet the supercritical behavior of Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor to the high performance requirements of fuel canning material, be embodied in: at 700 DEG C, its tensile strength reaches 300MPa, yield strength reaches 110 MPa, at 650 DEG C of temperature, in the supercritical water of 1000h, its corrosion resistance is good, crystal grain is tiny, intracrystalline pinning has small carbide particle, can effectively suppress empty migration and gathering that irradiation produces, thereby suppress void swelling.Thereby possessed the Good All-around Property of high temperature resistant, solidity to corrosion and anti-void swelling, be the safe operation of the Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor reactor core guarantee that provides the foundation.
Embodiment
The austenitic stainless steel novel material of fuel sheath of the present invention, its alloy composition comprises the following alloying element of amount by weight percentage:
Si:0.1～1.5%; Mn:0.1～2%; Ti:0.03～1%; Nb or Zr:0.01～1%; Y:0.01～0.5%, Cr:15～35%; Ni:12～35%; Surplus is Fe.
Manufacturing process of the present invention is in austenitic stainless steel, to add trace alloying element Ti, Nb or Zr, Y, make it to form carbide pinning at intracrystalline or crystal boundary, by melting, casting, forging, thermal treatment, rolling, grain refining processing, produce the fuel sheath austenitic stainless steel material that meets Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor working condition requirement.
Manufacturing process comprises following concrete steps:
Step 1 batching
Prepare burden according to the alloy composition element of above-mentioned austenitic stainless steel material, and add the reductor Ca of this stainless material weight 0.05%～0.1%;
Step 2 crucible and mould degasification
Crucible and casting molds are placed in vacuum high-temperature loft drier and are heated to 200 DEG C～1200 DEG C, and insulation 1h～10h, carries out degasification;
Step 3 vacuum induction melting
Crucible after degasification and casting mould are taken out from high temperature drying case, first the Fe of batching, Cr and Ni are put into crucible, open vacuum induction furnace door, successively casting mould and the crucible that Fe, Cr and Ni batching are housed are placed in to bottom and the middle part of vacuum induction furnace, again by the reductor Ca of batching Si, Mn, Ti, Nb or Zr, Y and 0.05%～0.1%, put into successively the feeder on vacuum induction furnace top, close fire door, vacuum induction furnace is evacuated to 10
-2fe when Pa in power transmission smelting pot, Cr and Ni material, smelting temperature is 1400 DEG C ~ 1600 DEG C, initial power is 5 KW, then hoisting power is to 20KW, after in formation molten bath and molten bath in crucible without other unreacted refractory metal, by the Si in the feeder of vacuum induction furnace top, Mn, Ti, Nb or Zr, Y batching is sequentially put into the melting of crucible molten bath, finally the reductor Ca in feeder is put into molten bath alloy liquation and carry out deoxidation, in the time of 1450 DEG C ~ 1650 DEG C of temperature, the deoxygenated alloy liquation of melting in crucible is poured in the casting mould of vacuum induction furnace bottom and forms ingot casting, after mold cools down, ingot casting is come out of the stove,
Step 4 arc melting
By the ingot casting excision rising head of coming out of the stove, be forged into the pole of Φ 50mm ~ 60mm at 950 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C, the bright and clean consumable electrode of making of polishing; The consumable electrode of making is welded on the supporting electrode of 10Kg vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace by argon arc welding, vacuumizes and make the vacuum tightness of vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace arrive 10
-2pa, then leaks hunting, and starts the starting the arc of switching on while guaranteeing electric arc furnace leak rate lower than 1.0Pa/min, at voltage 20V ~ 35V, electric current is to melt consumable electrode under 1200A ~ 2000A, its alloy molten solution is entered in the water jacketed copper crucible of vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace and carry out melting, until consumable electrode is all melted
,after cooling, alloy pig is come out of the stove;
Step 5 is forged
At 1000 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C temperature, the alloy pig of coming out of the stove is forged, forging ratio is 1.5 ~ 6.0;
Step 6 hot rolling
At 950 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C temperature, the alloy pig of forging is carried out to hot rolling, rolling reduction is 20% ~ 80%, and the alloy pig of forging is rolled into sheet material;
Step 7 thermal treatment
The sheet alloy being rolled into is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace, be heated 950 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C, then be incubated 5min ~ 60min, then air cooling annealing;
Step 8 cold rolling with the processing of vacuum annealing grain refining:
Carry out cold rollingly to the sheet alloy after annealing, cold rolling amount is 5% ~ 20%, is then placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace and carries out vacuum annealing, and annealing temperature is 850 DEG C ~ 1050 DEG C, and annealing time is 20min ~ 60min;
Step 9: the cold rolling and vacuum annealing process process of repeating step 82 ~ 5 times.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, manufacturing process of the present invention is further described:
embodiment mono-
Step 1 batching
Manufacture this routine austenitic stainless steel material, the batching of use is: Si:1.5%, and Mn:2.0%, Ti:0.8%, Nb:0.6%, Y:0.01%, Cr:26%, Ni:22%, surplus is high purity iron Fe; Separately add the reductor Ca of this stainless material weight 0.05%;
Step 2 crucible and mould degasification
Magnesia crucible and thin-walled 45# punching block are placed in vacuum high-temperature loft drier, are heated to 200 DEG C, insulation 10h carries out degasification;
Step 3 vacuum induction melting
Magnesia crucible after degasification and thin-walled 45# steel casting mould are taken out from high temperature drying case, first batching Fe, Cr and Ni are put into Magnesia crucible, open vacuum induction furnace door, successively described casting mould and the crucible that Fe, Cr and Ni batching are housed are placed in to bottom and the middle part of vacuum induction furnace, again by the reductor Ca of batching Si, Mn, Ti, Nb, Y and 0.05%, put into successively the feeder on vacuum induction furnace top, close fire door, vacuum induction furnace is evacuated to 10
-2fe when Pa in power transmission smelting pot, Cr and Ni material, smelting temperature is 1500 DEG C, initial power is 5KW, then hoisting power is to 20KW, after in formation molten bath and molten bath in crucible without other unreacted refractory metal, by the Si in the feeder of vacuum induction furnace top, Mn, Ti, Nb, Y batching is sequentially put into the melting of crucible molten bath, finally the reductor Ca in feeder is put into molten bath alloy liquation and carry out deoxidation, in the time of 1550 DEG C of temperature, the deoxygenated alloy liquation of melting in crucible is poured in the casting mould of vacuum induction furnace bottom and forms ingot casting, after mold cools down, ingot casting is come out of the stove,
Step 4 arc melting
By the ingot casting excision rising head of coming out of the stove, at 1050 DEG C of poles that are forged into Φ 50mm, the bright and clean consumable electrode of making of polishing; The consumable electrode of making is welded on the supporting electrode of 10Kg vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace by argon arc welding, vacuumizes and make the vacuum tightness of vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace arrive 10
-2pa, then leaks hunting, and starts the starting the arc of switching on while guaranteeing electric arc furnace leak rate lower than 1.0Pa/min, at voltage 25V, electric current is to melt consumable electrode under 1600A, its alloy molten solution is entered in the water jacketed copper crucible of vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace and carry out melting, until consumable electrode is all melted
,after cooling, alloy pig is come out of the stove;
Step 5 is forged
At 1050 DEG C of temperature, the alloy pig of coming out of the stove is forged, forging ratio is 3.0;
Step 6 hot rolling
At 1000 DEG C of temperature, the alloy pig of forging is carried out to hot rolling, rolling reduction is 40%, and the alloy pig of forging is rolled into sheet material;
Step 7 thermal treatment
The sheet alloy being rolled into is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace, be heated 1050 DEG C, then be incubated 10min, then air cooling annealing;
Step 8 cold rolling with the processing of vacuum annealing grain refining:
Carry out cold rollingly to the sheet alloy after annealing, cold rolling amount is 5%, is then placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace and carries out vacuum annealing, and annealing temperature is 950 DEG C, and annealing time is 20min;
Step 9: the cold rolling and vacuum annealing process process of repeating step 85 times.
embodiment bis-
Step 1 batching
Alloying ingredient is: Si:0.1%, and Mn:0.1%, Ti:0.03%, Nb:1.0%, Y:0.5%, Cr:35%, Ni:35%, surplus is high purity iron Fe; Separately add the reductor Ca of this weight alloy 0.07%;
Step 2 crucible and mould degasification
Magnesia crucible and thin-walled 45# punching block are placed in vacuum high-temperature loft drier and are heated to 1200 DEG C, and insulation 1h carries out degasification;
Step 3 vacuum induction melting
Smelting temperature is 1600 DEG C, and teeming temperature is 1650 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment mono-;
Step 4 arc melting
Technological process is with example one, difference be after the energising starting the arc in voltage 35V, under electric current 2000A, carry out melting and prepare alloy pig;
Step 5 is forged
At 1150 DEG C of temperature, involutory ingot forges, and forging ratio is 1.5;
Step 6 hot rolling
At 1100 DEG C of temperature, the alloy pig of forging is carried out to hot rolling, rolling reduction is 20%, and the alloy pig of forging is rolled into sheet material;
Step 7 thermal treatment
The sheet alloy being rolled into is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace, be heated 1150 DEG C, then be incubated 60min, then air cooling annealing;
Step 8 cold rolling with the processing of vacuum annealing grain refining:
Carry out cold rollingly to the sheet alloy after annealing, cold rolling amount is 10%, is then placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace and carries out vacuum annealing, and annealing temperature is 1050 DEG C, and annealing time is 60min;
Step 9: the cold rolling and vacuum annealing process process of repeating step 83 times.
embodiment tri-
Step 1 batching
Alloying ingredient is: Si:0.5%, and Mn:0.6%, Ti:1.0%, Nb:0.01%, Y:0.08%, Cr:30%, Ni:12%, surplus is high purity iron Fe; Separately add the reductor Ca of this weight alloy 0.08%;
Step 2 crucible and mould degasification
Magnesia crucible and thin-walled 45# punching block are placed in vacuum high-temperature loft drier and are heated to 1000 DEG C, and insulation 2h carries out degasification;
Step 3 vacuum induction melting
Smelting temperature is 1400 DEG C, and teeming temperature is 1450 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment mono-;
Step 4 arc melting
Ingot casting is excised to rising head, at 950 DEG C of poles that are forged into Φ 50mm, polish after bright and clean and make consumable electrode; The electrode of making is welded on 10Kg vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace supporting electrode by argon arc welding, adopts the crucible of Φ 100mm, be evacuated to 10
-2pa, then leaks hunting, and guarantees that electric arc furnace leak rate starts lower than 1.0Pa/min the starting the arc of switching on, and at voltage 20V, electric current 1200A carries out melting, prepares alloy pig, after crucible is cooling, alloy pig is come out of the stove;
Step 5 is forged
Forge at 1000 DEG C of involutory ingots, forging ratio is 2.0;
Step 6 hot rolling
Carry out the hot rolling test of alloy at 950 DEG C, rolling reduction is 30%, and the alloy pig of forging is rolled into sheet material;
Step 7 thermal treatment
Sheet alloy is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace, be heated to 950 DEG C with stove, insulation 40min, then air cooling annealing;
Step 8 cold rolling with the processing of vacuum annealing grain refining
Carry out cold rollingly to the sheet alloy after annealing, each cold rolling amount is 8%, then carries out vacuum annealing, and annealing temperature is 850 DEG C, and annealing time is 50min; Repeat cold rolling and vacuum annealing process process 4 times.
embodiment tetra-
Step 1 batching
Alloying ingredient is: Si:0.8%, and Mn:1.0%, Ti:0.4%, Nb:0.1%, Y:0.2%, Cr:20%, Ni:18%, surplus is high purity iron Fe; Separately add the reductor Ca of this weight alloy 0.09%;
Step 2 crucible and mould degasification
Magnesia crucible and thin-walled 45# punching block are placed in vacuum high-temperature loft drier and are heated to 800 DEG C, and insulation 4h carries out degasification;
Step 3 vacuum induction melting
Smelting temperature is 1450 DEG C, and teeming temperature is 1500 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment mono-;
Step 4 arc melting
Ingot casting is excised to rising head, at 1000 DEG C of poles that are forged into Φ 55mm, polish after bright and clean and make consumable electrode.The electrode of making is welded on 10Kg vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace supporting electrode by argon arc welding, adopts the crucible of Φ 100mm, be evacuated to 10
-2pa, then leaks hunting, and starts the starting the arc of switching on while guaranteeing electric arc furnace leak rate lower than 1.0Pa/min, and at voltage 30V, electric current 1400A carries out melting, prepares alloy pig, after crucible is cooling, alloy pig is come out of the stove;
Step 5 is forged
Forge at 1000 DEG C of involutory ingots, forging ratio is 4.0;
Step 6 hot rolling
Carry out the hot rolling test of alloy at 980 DEG C, rolling reduction is 50%, and the alloy pig of forging is rolled into sheet material;
Step 7 thermal treatment
Sheet alloy is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace, be heated to 980 DEG C with stove, insulation 20min, then air cooling annealing;
Step 8 cold rolling with the processing of vacuum annealing grain refining
Carry out cold rollingly to the sheet alloy after annealing, each cold rolling amount is 15%, then carries out vacuum annealing, and annealing temperature is 900 DEG C, and annealing time is 40min; Repeat cold rolling and annealing process procedure 3 times.
embodiment five
Step 1 batching
Alloying ingredient is: Si:1.2%, and Mn:1.6%, Ti:0.1%, Zr:0.2%, Y:0.4%, Cr:15%, Ni:28%, surplus is high purity iron Fe; Separately add the reductor Ca of this weight alloy 0.1%;
Step 2 crucible and mould degasification
Magnesia crucible and thin-walled 45# punching block are placed in vacuum high-temperature loft drier and are heated to 500 DEG C, and insulation 6h carries out degasification;
Step 3 vacuum induction melting
Smelting temperature is 1550 DEG C, and teeming temperature is 1600 DEG C, and all the other are with embodiment mono-;
Step 4 arc melting
Ingot casting is excised to rising head, at 1100 DEG C of poles that are forged into Φ 55mm, polish after bright and clean and make consumable electrode, the electrode of making is welded on 10Kg vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace supporting electrode by argon arc welding, adopt the crucible of Φ 100mm, be evacuated to 10
-2pa, then leaks hunting, and guarantees that electric arc furnace leak rate starts lower than 1.0Pa/min the starting the arc of switching on, and at voltage 30V, electric current 1800A carries out melting, prepares alloy pig, after crucible is cooling, alloy pig is come out of the stove;
Step 5 is forged
Forge at 1100 DEG C of involutory ingots, forging ratio is 6.0;
Step 6 hot rolling
Carry out the hot rolling of alloy at 1000 DEG C, rolling reduction is 80%, and the alloy pig of forging is rolled into sheet material;
Step 7 thermal treatment
Sheet alloy is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace, be heated to 1050 DEG C with stove, insulation 5min, then air cooling annealing;
Step 8 cold rolling with the processing of vacuum annealing grain refining
Carry out cold rollingly to the sheet alloy after annealing, each cold rolling amount is 20%, then carries out vacuum annealing, and annealing temperature is 1000 DEG C, and annealing time is 30min; Repeat cold rolling and annealing process procedure 2 times.
Claims (2)
1. an austenitic stainless steel material for fuel sheath in Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor, its alloy composition comprises the following alloying element of amount by weight percentage:
Si： 0.1～1.5％；
Mn： 0.1～2.0％；
Ti： 0.03～1％；
Nb or Zr:0.01～1%;
Y： 0.01～0.5％，
Cr： 15～35％；
Ni： 12.0～35％；
Surplus is Fe.
2. manufacture described in claim 1 austenitic stainless steel material of fuel sheath in Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor, the following processing step of Bian:
Step 1 batching:
Prepare burden according to the alloy composition element of austenitic stainless steel material described in claim 1, and add the reductor Ca of this stainless material weight 0.05%～0.1%;
Step 2 crucible and mould degasification:
Crucible and casting mould are placed in high temperature drying case and are heated to 200 DEG C～1200 DEG C, and insulation 1h～10h, carries out degasification;
Step 3 vacuum induction melting:
Crucible after degasification and casting mould are taken out from high temperature drying case, first the Fe of batching, Cr and Ni are put into crucible, open vacuum induction furnace door, successively casting mould and the crucible that Fe, Cr and Ni batching are housed are placed in to bottom and the middle part of vacuum induction furnace, again by the reductor Ca of batching Si, Mn, Ti, Nb or Zr, Y and 0.05%～0.1%, put into successively the feeder on vacuum induction furnace top, close fire door, vacuum induction furnace is evacuated to 10
-2when Pa, Fe in power transmission smelting pot, Cr and Ni material, smelting temperature is 1400 DEG C ~ 1600 DEG C, initial power is 5 KW, then hoisting power is to 20KW, after in formation molten bath and molten bath in crucible without other unreacted refractory metal, by the Si in the feeder of vacuum induction furnace top, Mn, Ti, Nb or Zr, Y batching is sequentially put into the melting of crucible molten bath, finally the reductor Ca in feeder is put into molten bath alloy liquation and carry out deoxidation, in the time of 1450 DEG C ~ 1650 DEG C of temperature, the deoxygenated alloy liquation of melting in crucible is poured in the casting mould of vacuum induction furnace bottom and forms ingot casting, after mold cools down, ingot casting is come out of the stove,
Step 4 arc melting:
By the ingot casting excision rising head of coming out of the stove, be forged at 950 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C
Φ 50mm~
60mmpole, the bright and clean consumable electrode of making of polishing; Be welded on the supporting electrode of vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, vacuumize the vacuum tightness of vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace is arrived
10 -2 pa, then leaks hunting, guarantee electric arc furnace leak rate lower than
1.0when Pa/min, start the starting the arc of switching on, at voltage 20V ~ 35V, electric current is to melt consumable electrode under 1200A ~ 2000A, its alloy molten solution is entered in the water jacketed copper crucible of vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace and carry out melting, until consumable electrode is all melted
,after cooling, alloy pig is come out of the stove;
Step 5 is forged:
At 1000 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C temperature, the alloy pig of coming out of the stove is forged, forging ratio is 1.5 ~ 6.0;
Step 6 hot rolling:
At 950 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C temperature, the alloy pig of forging is carried out to hot rolling, rolling reduction is 20% ~ 80%, and the alloy pig of forging is rolled into sheet material;
Step 7 thermal treatment:
The sheet alloy being rolled into is put into vacuum heat treatment furnace, be heated 950 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C, then be incubated 5min ~ 60min, then air cooling annealing;
Step 8 cold rolling with the processing of vacuum annealing grain refining:
Carry out cold rollingly to the sheet alloy after annealing, cold rolling amount is 5% ~ 20%, is then placed in vacuum heat treatment furnace and carries out vacuum annealing, and annealing temperature is 850 DEG C ~ 1050 DEG C, and annealing time is 20min ~ 60min;
Step 9: cold rolling and vacuum annealing process process 2 ~ 5 times described in repeating step eight.
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