CN102806261A - Device and method for hydraulic forming of cavity part with complex curved surface - Google Patents
Device and method for hydraulic forming of cavity part with complex curved surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN102806261A CN102806261A CN2012102924255A CN201210292425A CN102806261A CN 102806261 A CN102806261 A CN 102806261A CN 2012102924255 A CN2012102924255 A CN 2012102924255A CN 201210292425 A CN201210292425 A CN 201210292425A CN 102806261 A CN102806261 A CN 102806261A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for hydraulic forming of a cavity part with a complex curved surface, and relates to a device and a method for forming metal plates. The device and the method solve the problem of large welding deformation and welding residual stress in the prior art for stamping and deep drawing of parts with complex curved surfaces and also solve problems that in the initial forming stage, double plate blanks need to be pressed by high mold clamping force to guarantee sealing of liquid at a liquid charging opening, so that the plate blanks at two ends of a cavity are difficult to flow into the cavity of a mold when a cavity part with a complex curved surface is formed, the wall thickness of the part is reduced due to high expansion deformation, and the part is difficult to form by the existing double-plate hydraulic forming technology. The device comprises an upper mold, a lower mold, a lower liquid charge insert, an upper liquid charge insert, an elastic component, a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring, the elastic component and the upper liquid charge insert are sequentially arranged in an upper groove from top to bottom, the lower liquid charge insert is arranged in a lower groove, and the second sealing ring is mounted in a second sealing groove. The device and the method are used for forming of the cavity part with the complex curved surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal sheet forming apparatus and method, be specifically related to a kind of complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipment and method.
Background technology
Thin-wall complicated curved surface cavity part is one type of comparatively typical shell structure part, and the main difficult point of shaping is because the housing of formation cavity is a thin-wall complicated curved surface, and the sectional dimension of this cavity changes greatly.Change less part for sectional dimension, adopt tubing hole enlargement or undergauge manufacturing process such as (like tubing hydroforming, electro-magnetic formings) usually.And for the bigger part of changes of section, the method that relies on the tubing hole enlargement to be shaped receives the restriction of tubing maximum swelling rate, causes the local extremely attenuate of tubing easily, even breaks; Equally, rely on the method for tubing reducing formation to cause easily that the local material unstability is wrinklingly piled up with material, defective such as folding.Make for thin-wall complicated curved surface cavity part forming; Prior art is to adopt methods such as plate stamping, pull and stretch to be formed separately out local curved surface; Lump together through soldering group then and constitute the cavity part; This method weak point is: forming process is many, the many covers of needs shaping dies, and the welding difficulty is big, welding deformation is big, residual stress is high, weld seam is many for complex-curved after the shaping.Thereby traditional manufacturing process is difficult to guarantee such part forming property and reliability.
Sheet metal hydroforming is to adopt liquid to replace rigid die as the power transmission medium, makes a kind of flexible forming new technology of sheet material forming, comprising: liquid replaces die or liquid to replace two types of punch.Wherein, liquid replaces punch to be shaped and is divided into veneer hydroforming and two plate hydroformings again.Two plate hydroformings are with after two sheet material welded; Be pressed in up and down in the mould through the clamping pressure machine; Charge into highly pressurised liquid by the implementation of port of reserving in the middle of two sheet material then; Last two sheet materials cling to respectively under the internal high pressure liquid effects up and down in the die cavity, thereby can be shaped the cavity part.The process advantage of two plate hydroformings is: use a mold device one step forming to go out part, the single-piece that has replaced traditional punching press or deep-drawing technique is shaped or the multistep shaping; In addition; Sheet material can be the sheet material of different materials, different-thickness, so can significantly improve stock utilization according to part needs combinations of pairs; Realize that material, light in structure quantize; Shortened the forming technology step, also saved mould, equipment and manual expense simultaneously, thereby improved production efficiency.Yet; The weak point of existing two plate hydroforming technology is: the liquid sealing load of implementation of port is provided by mold clamping force; Thereby need apply enough mold clamping forces to guarantee two liquid sealings between the sheet material, the liquid sealing is uncontrollable, thereby causes the sheet material at flange place to be difficult to flow into mold cavity; Sheet material is under hydraulic action, to produce big bulging distortion; And for complex-curved cavity part forming, bigger bulging distortion makes wall thickness reduction seriously cause breaking, finally can't formation of parts.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to exist welding deformation big for solving existing punching press and the drawing and forming technology that is used for complex curved surface parts; The welding residual stress problem of higher; And two plate hydroforming technology exist in the shaping initial stage, need the bigger two slabs of mold clamping force compacting guaranteeing the liquid sealing of implementation of port, when being shaped complex-curved cavity part; Cause the slab at die cavity two ends to be difficult to flow into mold cavity; The problem that bigger bulging distortion makes wall thickness reduction, part be difficult to be shaped, and then a kind of complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipment and method are provided.
The present invention addresses the above problem the technical scheme of taking to be:
Complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipment of the present invention, said device comprises upper die and lower die, said device comprises also down that topping up inserts, goes up that topping up is inserted, elastomeric element, first sealing ring and second sealing ring; Has upper impression on the lower surface of patrix; Have lower impressions on the upper surface of counterdie, closed fully back upper impression of upper die and lower die and lower impressions constitute the cavity of part to be formed, are processed with a upper groove on the lower surface of the patrix adjacent with upper impression; On the upper surface of counterdie with upper groove over against the position be processed with a low groove; Be disposed with elastomeric element from top to bottom in the upper groove and last topping up is inserted, elastomeric element is inserted with last topping up with patrix respectively and is fixedly connected, the sidewall sliding-contact with upper groove of inserting of last topping up; Has pit on the lower surface that last topping up is inserted; The surface of pit is a hemisphere face, and the lower surface of the patrix between upper impression and upper groove is provided with first groove, between first groove and the pit on the topping up lower surface of inserting be provided with second groove; Closed fully back first groove of upper die and lower die and second groove are communicated with; And first groove is identical with second groove height, and said first groove and second groove are used for slab and form the protruding ridge, are provided with down topping up in the low groove and insert; The sidewall sliding-contact with counterdie of inserting of following topping up; On the upper surface that following topping up is inserted with pit over against the position be provided with a fin that matches with pit, the surface of fin is a hemisphere face, the side wall surface of counterdie is processed with and points to the first passage that topping up is down inserted; Be processed with the second channel that passes fin and be communicated with on the lower surface that following topping up is inserted with first passage; Be positioned at the lower surface that the following topping up in the second channel outside inserts and be provided with first seal groove, first sealing ring is installed in first seal groove, upper edge, the upper surface fin that following topping up is inserted circumferentially be provided with tooth; Be provided with and the tooth teeth groove of interlock mutually with the corresponding position of tooth on the lower surface that last topping up is inserted; Be positioned at the upper surface that the following topping up in the tooth outside inserts and be provided with second seal groove, second sealing ring is installed in second seal groove, last topping up is inserted and is inserted with following topping up that the frame mode of interlock and the mode that second sealing ring seals realize sealing mutually through tooth and teeth groove.
The concrete steps of complex-curved cavity part hydroforming method of the present invention are:
Two slab spares that step 3, the following slab after will welding and last slab form are placed on the counterdie, make down protruding hole on the slab pass down the fin of topping up on inserting, and the part of the protruding stalk of last slab gets in first groove and second groove;
After step 7, the end that is shaped,, open upper die and lower die and take out the complex-curved cavity part after being shaped through first passage and second channel tapping.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, topping up was inserted under device of the present invention was provided with on counterdie, was provided with topping up on the patrix to insert built-in elastomeric element between patrix and last topping up are inserted; Elastomeric element is inserted with last topping up with patrix respectively and is fixedly connected, and after the upper die and lower die closure, between elastomeric element can be inserted to following topping up separately and last topping up is inserted pressure force is provided; And do not receive the influence of mold clamping force, simultaneously, last topping up is inserted and is inserted through tooth and teeth groove with following topping up that the frame mode of interlock and the mode of second sealing ring sealing realize the liquid sealing mutually; Last topping up is inserted and is inserted through tooth and the teeth groove frame mode of interlock mutually with following topping up, can retrain the slab of topping up between inserting and move and be out of shape, and last topping up is inserted and inserted through tooth and the teeth groove structure of interlock mutually with following topping up; Can establish 1 road to 3 road tooth or teeth groove as required, the mode of second sealing ring sealing can be established 1 to 3 circle as required, in the said structure; Last topping up is inserted and under the effect of elastomeric element by the independent control of elastomeric element, last topping up topping up down inserted suitable pressure is provided, and can effectively overcome implementation of port place in existing two plate hydraulic pressure technologies; Be shaped the initial stage at slab, need the bigger two slabs of mold clamping force compacting to guarantee the liquid sealing of implementation of port, the present invention is at the shaping initial stage; Under less mold clamping force effect; Can realize sheet material pull and stretch and bulging combined shaping, effectively solve existing two plate hydraulic techniques, need the bigger two slabs of mold clamping force compacting to guarantee the liquid sealing of implementation of port at the shaping initial stage; When being shaped complex-curved cavity part; The slab at die cavity two ends is difficult to flow into mold cavity, the problem that bigger bulging distortion makes wall thickness reduction, part be difficult to be shaped.
Two, down topping up of the present invention is inserted and last topping up is inserted and is the removable formula structure of inserting of independence; When the shaping sheet metal thickness changes; Can revise the fit dimension between topping up is down inserted and last topping up is inserted according to sheet metal thickness, and need not to revise counterdie and patrix;
Three, manufacturing process of the present invention is before welding procedure is arranged in forming technology; And the periphery along dull and stereotyped welds, and has avoided conventional fabrication processes to be shaped earlier and has afterwards welded the complex curved surface parts welding deformation problem that causes, and welding efficiency obviously improves; Improved 50%-80%; Welding residual stress along with distortion discharges gradually, significantly reduces than welding residual stress after the tradition shaping earlier in forming process, has reduced 40%-70%; The welding of two slabs is owing to be that weld strength significantly improves than traditional spot welding intensity, has improved 30%-50% along the closed welding of periphery;
Four, the composite deformation of pull and stretch and bulging takes place in sheet material under the highly pressurised liquid effect; Compare with traditional drawing and to have that evenness of wall thickness improves easily 10%-30%, dimensional accuracy is high; 5%-20%, surface quality height and the strong advantage of rigidity have been improved, formability and good reliability;
Five, the present invention can be according to part shape flexible design slab size; Cross sectional shape is not restricted by deformation rate; Slab spare axis can be straight line or curve; Slab spare shape can be the space dissymmetrical structure, is shaped to realize the bigger complex curved surface parts of different plates part or upper and lower cavity depth disparity, and adaptability is good.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structure sketch map of the present invention; To be elastomeric element of the present invention be the local syndeton sketch map of the elastomeric element of being processed by polyurethane or rubber to Fig. 2; Fig. 3 is that two slab spares place the state diagram between the upper die and lower die after the upper die and lower die closure; Fig. 4 is two slab spare forming process figure under the effect of fluid pressure P; Fig. 5 is the complex-curved cavity part status figure that the two slab spares among Fig. 4 are shaped and obtain after finishing, Fig. 6 be two slab spares at fluid pressure P and the forming process figure of following slab under the effect of fluid pressure P1, Fig. 7 is that pair slab spares are at fluid pressure P and the forming process figure of last slab under the effect of fluid pressure P2; Fig. 8 is two slab spares at fluid pressure P, slab is at fluid pressure P4 down; The forming process figure of last slab under the acting in conjunction of fluid pressure P3, Fig. 9 are the overall structure sketch mapes of the two slab spares after a kind of welding, and Figure 10 is that the A-A of Fig. 9 is to view.
The specific embodiment
The specific embodiment one: combine Fig. 1-Figure 10 that this embodiment is described; The complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipment of this embodiment comprises patrix 2 and counterdie 1; Said device comprises also down that topping up is inserted 3, gone up that topping up inserts 4, elastomeric element 5, first sealing ring 6 and second sealing ring 7; Has upper impression 2-1 on the lower surface of patrix 2; Have lower impressions 1-1 on the upper surface of counterdie 1, closed fully back upper impression 2-1 of patrix 2 and counterdie 1 and lower impressions 1-1 constitute the cavity 13 of part to be formed, are processed with a upper groove 2-2 on the lower surface of the patrix 2 adjacent with upper impression 2-1; On the upper surface of counterdie 1 with upper groove 2-2 over against the position be processed with a low groove 1-3; Be disposed with elastomeric element 5 in the upper groove 2-2 from top to bottom and insert 4 with last topping up, elastomeric element 5 is inserted with patrix 2 and last topping up respectively and 4 is fixedly connected, and last topping up inserts 4 and the sidewall sliding-contact of upper groove 2-2; Last topping up is inserted and is had pit 4-1 on 4 the lower surface; The surface of pit 4-1 is a hemisphere face, and the lower surface of the patrix 2 between upper impression 2-1 and upper groove 2-2 is provided with the first groove 2-4, between the first groove 2-4 and the pit 4-1 on insert 4 lower surface of topping up be provided with the second groove 4-3; Patrix 2 is communicated with the closed fully back first groove 2-4 of counterdie 1 and the second groove 4-3; And the first groove 2-4 is highly identical with the second groove 4-3, and the said first groove 2-4 and the second groove 4-3 are used for slab 10 and form protruding ridge 10-1, are provided with down topping up in the low groove 1-3 and insert 3; Following topping up insert 3 with the sidewall sliding-contact of counterdie 1; Following topping up insert on 3 the upper surface with pit 4-1 over against the position be provided with a fin 3-1 who matches with pit 4-1, the surface of fin 3-1 is a hemisphere face, the side wall surface of counterdie 1 is processed with and points to down topping up 3 the first passage 1-2 that inserts; Following topping up is inserted and is processed with the second channel 3-5 that passes fin 3-1 and be communicated with first passage 1-2 on 3 the lower surface; Insert 3 lower surface of the following topping up that is positioned at the second channel 3-5 outside is provided with the first seal groove 3-4, and first sealing ring 6 is installed in the first seal groove 3-4, and what following topping up was inserted 3 upper edge, upper surface fin 3-1 circumferentially is provided with tooth 3-2; Last topping up is inserted on 4 the lower surface and to be provided with the teeth groove 4-2 of interlock mutually with tooth 3-2 with the corresponding position of tooth 3-2; Insert 3 upper surface of the following topping up that is positioned at the tooth 3-2 outside is provided with the second seal groove 3-3, and second sealing ring 7 is installed in the second seal groove 3-3, last topping up insert 4 with following topping up insert 3 through tooth 3-2 and teeth groove 4-2 the frame mode of interlock and the mode that second sealing ring 7 seals realize sealing mutually.
The specific embodiment two: combine Fig. 1 that this embodiment is described, the said elastomeric element 5 of this embodiment is a spring.So be provided with, after the upper die and lower die closure, spring provides pressure force between inserting for last topping up to insert with following topping up, and does not receive the influence of the mold clamping force of upper die and lower die, and liquid seals and can control separately, meets design requirement and is shaped needs.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment three: combine Fig. 2 that this embodiment is described, the elastomeric element of the said elastomeric element 5 of this embodiment for processing by polyurethane.So be provided with, after the upper die and lower die closure, polyurethane provides pressure force between inserting for last topping up to insert with following topping up, and does not receive the influence of the mold clamping force of upper die and lower die, and liquid seals and can control separately, meets design requirement and is shaped needs.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment four: combine Fig. 2 that this embodiment is described, the elastomeric element of the said elastomeric element 5 of this embodiment for processing by rubber.So be provided with, after the upper die and lower die closure, rubber provides pressure force between inserting for last topping up to insert with following topping up, and does not receive the influence of the mold clamping force of upper die and lower die, and liquid seals and can control separately, meets design requirement and is shaped needs.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one.
The specific embodiment five: combine Fig. 7 that this embodiment is described; The said device of this embodiment also comprises the 3rd sealing ring 12; The lower surface of patrix 2 that is positioned at the outside of upper impression 2-1 is provided with a circle the 3rd seal groove 2-5; The 3rd sealing ring 12 is installed in the 3rd seal groove 2-5, is processed with the third channel 2-6 that is communicated with upper impression 2-1 on the side wall surface of patrix 2.This embodiment applies a fluid pressure dorsad for last slab 10 through third channel 2-6; The distortion of slab 10 is gone up in control separately; Thereby effectively improve the Thickness Distribution that goes up slab 10, make the distortion of slab 10 more even, can realize that the darker complex curved surface parts of upper impression is shaped.So be provided with, meet design requirement and the actual needs that are shaped.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one, two, three or four.
The specific embodiment six: combine Fig. 6 that this embodiment is described; The said device of this embodiment also comprises the 4th sealing ring 8; The upper surface that is positioned at the counterdie 1 in the lower impressions 1-1 outside is provided with a circle the 4th seal groove 1-5; The 4th sealing ring 8 is installed in the 4th seal groove 1-5, is processed with the four-way 1-4 that is communicated with lower impressions 1-1 on the side wall surface of counterdie 1.This embodiment is given down through four-way 1-4, and slab 9 applies a fluid pressure dorsad; The control distortion of slab 9 down separately; Thereby effectively improve the Thickness Distribution of slab 9 down, make down the distortion of slab 9 more even, can realize that the darker complex curved surface parts of lower impressions is shaped.So be provided with, meet design requirement and the actual needs that are shaped.Other is identical with the specific embodiment one, two, three or four.
The specific embodiment seven; In conjunction with Fig. 3-Figure 10 this embodiment is described; The described complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipment of any specific embodiment is realized complex-curved cavity part forming method in the utilization of this embodiment such as the specific embodiment one to six, and the concrete steps of described complex-curved cavity part hydroforming method are:
Two slab spares that step 3, the following slab 9 after will welding and last slab 10 form are placed on the counterdie 1; Make down protruding hole on the slab 9 pass down the topping up fin 3-1 on 3 that inserts, the part of the protruding stalk 10-1 of last slab 10 gets in the first groove 2-4 and the second groove 4-3;
Fluid pressure P is injected in step 6, increase, and last slab 10 fits tightly fully on the cavity surface of upper impression 2-1, and following slab 9 fits tightly fully on the cavity surface of lower impressions 1-1, and being shaped obtains complex-curved cavity part;
After step 7, the end that is shaped,, open the complex-curved cavity part that patrix 2 and counterdie 1 take out after being shaped through first passage 1-2 and second channel 3-5 tapping.
Cavity part after will being shaped in this embodiment, topping up is inserted and the following topping up slab in institute nip territory of inserting on the mechanically cutting according to actual needs, and solder up, and then the closed cavity that needs of formation.
The described liquid medium of this embodiment can be mineral oil or water.
The specific embodiment eight is explained this embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 7, injects liquid through first passage 1-2 and second channel 3-5 in the step 5 of this embodiment, simultaneously, in upper impression 2-1, charges into the liquid that fluid pressure is P2, and P2 is less than P, and P-P2 is designated as Δ P
2, Δ P wherein
2Span be 1MPa～100MPa, fluid pressure is that the liquid of P2 applies pressure dorsad to last slab 10.This embodiment applies a pressure dorsad at last slab 10, and the distortion of slab 10 is gone up in control separately, thereby effectively improves the Thickness Distribution that goes up slab 10, makes the distortion of slab 10 more even, can realize that the darker complex curved surface parts of upper impression is shaped.So be provided with, meet design requirement and the actual needs that are shaped.Other is identical with the specific embodiment seven.
The specific embodiment nine is explained this embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 6, injects liquid through first passage 1-2 and second channel 3-5 in the step 5 of this embodiment, simultaneously, in lower impressions 1-1, charges into the liquid that fluid pressure is P1, and P1 is less than P, and P-P1 is designated as Δ P
1, Δ P wherein
1Span be 1MPa～100MPa, fluid pressure is that the liquid of P1 applies pressure dorsad to following slab 9.This embodiment applies a pressure dorsad at following slab 9, the independent control distortion of slab 9 down, thus the Thickness Distribution of slab 9 under effective improvement makes down the distortion of slab 9 more even, can realize that the darker complex curved surface parts of lower impressions is shaped.So be provided with, meet design requirement and the actual needs that are shaped.Other is identical with the specific embodiment seven.
The specific embodiment ten is explained this embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 8, injects liquid through first passage 1-2 and second channel 3-5 in the step 5 of this embodiment, simultaneously, in upper impression 2-1, charges into the liquid that fluid pressure is P3, and P3 is less than P, and P-P3 is designated as Δ P
3, Δ P wherein
3Span be 1MPa～100MPa, fluid pressure is that the liquid of P3 applies pressure dorsad to last slab 10, in lower impressions 1-1, charges into the liquid that fluid pressure is P4, and P4 is less than P, P-P4 is designated as Δ P
4, Δ P wherein
4Span be 1MPa～100MPa, fluid pressure is that the liquid of P4 applies pressure dorsad to following slab 9.This embodiment can respectively apply a pressure dorsad with following slab 9 through giving last slab 10; Thereby the distortion of slab and following slab is gone up in control respectively; Make the even more or coordination of two slab deformations, can realize that the bigger complex curved surface parts of different plates part or upper and lower cavity depth disparity is shaped.So be provided with, meet design requirement and the actual needs that are shaped.Other is identical with the specific embodiment seven.
Claims (10)
1. complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipment; Said device comprises patrix (2) and counterdie (1); It is characterized in that: said device comprises also down that topping up inserts (3), goes up that topping up is inserted (4), elastomeric element (5), first sealing ring (6) and second sealing ring (7); Has upper impression (2-1) on the lower surface of patrix (2); Has lower impressions (1-1) on the upper surface of counterdie (1); Closed fully back upper impression (2-1) of patrix (2) and counterdie (1) and lower impressions (1-1) constitute the cavity (13) of part to be formed; Be processed with a upper groove (2-2) on the lower surface of the patrix (2) adjacent with upper impression (2-1), on the upper surface of counterdie (1) with upper groove (2-2) over against the position be processed with a low groove (1-3), be disposed with elastomeric element (5) and last topping up insert (4) in the upper groove (2-2) from top to bottom; Elastomeric element (5) respectively with patrix (2) and last topping up insert (4) be fixedly connected; The sidewall sliding-contact that last topping up is inserted (4) and upper groove (2-2), last topping up are inserted and are had pit (4-1) on the lower surface of (4), and the surface of pit (4-1) is a hemisphere face; The lower surface that is positioned at the patrix (2) between upper impression (2-1) and the upper groove (2-2) is provided with first groove (2-4); Be positioned at the insert lower surface of (4) of last topping up between first groove (2-4) and the pit (4-1) and be provided with second groove (4-3), the closed fully back of patrix (2) and counterdie (1) first groove (2-4) and second groove (4-3) connection, and first groove (2-4) is highly identical with second groove (4-3); Said first groove (2-4) and second groove (4-3) are used for slab (10) and form the protruding ridge (10-1); Be provided with down topping up in the low groove (1-3) and insert (3), the sidewall sliding-contact that following topping up is inserted (3) and counterdie (1), following topping up insert on the upper surface of (3) with pit (4-1) over against the position be provided with a fin (3-1) that matches with pit (4-1); The surface of fin (3-1) is a hemisphere face; The side wall surface of counterdie (1) is processed with and points to down the topping up first passage (1-2) of (3) of inserting, and following topping up is inserted and is processed with the second channel (3-5) that passes fin (3-1) and is communicated with first passage (1-2) on the lower surface of (3), is positioned at the insert lower surface of (3) of following topping up outside the second channel (3-5) and is provided with first seal groove (3-4); First sealing ring (6) is installed in first seal groove (3-4); Following topping up insert (3) upper edge, upper surface fin (3-1) circumferentially be provided with tooth (3-2), last topping up is inserted on the lower surface of (4) and to be provided with and tooth (3-2) teeth groove of interlock (4-2) mutually with the corresponding position of tooth (3-2), the insert upper surface of (3) of the following topping up that is positioned at tooth (3-2) outside is provided with second seal groove (3-3); Second sealing ring (7) is installed in second seal groove (3-3), and insert (4) and following topping up of last topping up inserts that (3) frame mode of interlock and the mode of second sealing ring (7) sealing realize sealing mutually through tooth (3-2) and teeth groove (4-2).
2. complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said elastomeric element (5) is a spring.
3. complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the elastomeric element of said elastomeric element (5) for being processed by polyurethane.
4. complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the elastomeric element of said elastomeric element (5) for being processed by rubber.
5. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipments; It is characterized in that: said device also comprises the 3rd sealing ring (12); The lower surface of patrix (2) that is positioned at the outside of upper impression (2-1) is provided with circle the 3rd seal groove (2-5); The 3rd sealing ring (12) is installed in the 3rd seal groove (2-5), is processed with the third channel (2-6) that is communicated with upper impression (2-1) on the side wall surface of patrix (2).
6. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipments; It is characterized in that: said device also comprises the 4th sealing ring (8); The upper surface that is positioned at the counterdie (1) in lower impressions (1-1) outside is provided with circle the 4th seal groove (1-5); The 4th sealing ring (8) is installed in the 4th seal groove (1-5), is processed with the four-way (1-4) that is communicated with lower impressions (1-1) on the side wall surface of counterdie (1).
7. utilize and realize complex-curved cavity part forming method like the described complex-curved cavity part hydroforming equipment of any claim of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of described complex-curved cavity part hydroforming method are:
Step 1, according to the structural design slab shape of complex-curved cavity part; Adopt the method for punching or boring; Big or small identical protruding hole (9-1) of the shape with fin (3-1) of processing on an end of following slab (9); Apply the coercive method last slab (10) suppress protruding stalk (10-1) with first groove (2-4) and second groove (4-3) corresponding position, to guarantee charging into of forming process mesohigh liquid;
Step 2, the weld seam (11) that will descend slab (9) and last slab (10) to seal along peripheral butt welding formation constitute two slab spares;
Two slab spares that step 3, the following slab (9) after will welding and last slab (10) form are placed on the counterdie (1); Make down protruding hole on the slab (9) pass down the topping up fin (3-1) on (3) of inserting, the part of the protruding stalk (10-1) of last slab (10) gets in first groove (2-4) and second groove (4-3);
Step 4, patrix (2) move downward and counterdie (1) matched moulds; In the process of matched moulds, under the effect of elastomeric element (5), last topping up insert (4) at first contact with two slab spares; Two slab spares that last topping up is inserted (4) and following topping up is inserted between (3) are compressed gradually; In compaction process, the end of the protruding stalk (10-1) of last slab (10) is suppressed a convexity that matches with fin (3-1) or pit (4-1) by fin (3-1) and pit (4-1), and is closed fully until counterdie (2) and patrix (1); At this moment, apply mold clamping force F on the patrix (2);
Step 5, to inject fluid pressure through first passage and second channel (7) be the liquid of P; Liquid charges into down between slab (9) and the last slab (10) through the gap between following slab (9) and the protruding stalk (10-1); Be positioned at the composite deformation that pull and stretch and bulging take place for last slab (10) and following slab (9) between upper impression (2-1) and the lower impressions (1-1); Last slab (10) abuts on the cavity surface of upper impression (2-1) gradually, and following slab (9) abuts on the cavity surface of counterdie die cavity (1-1) gradually;
Step 6, increase mold clamping force F and fluid pressure P, last slab (10) fits tightly fully on the cavity surface of upper impression (2-1), and following slab (9) fits tightly fully on the cavity surface of lower impressions (1-1), is shaped to obtain complex-curved cavity part;
After step 7, the end that is shaped,, open patrix (2) and counterdie (1) and take out the complex-curved cavity part after being shaped through first passage (1-2) and second channel (3-5) tapping.
8. complex-curved cavity part hydroforming method according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: inject liquid through first passage (1-2) and second channel (3-5) in the step 5, simultaneously, in upper impression (2-1), charge into the liquid that fluid pressure is P2; And P2 is less than P, and P-P2 is designated as Δ P
2, Δ P wherein
2Span be 1MPa～100MPa, fluid pressure is that the liquid of P2 applies pressure dorsad to last slab (10).
9. complex-curved cavity part hydroforming method according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: inject liquid through first passage (1-2) and second channel (3-5) in the step 5, simultaneously, in lower impressions (1-1), charge into the liquid that fluid pressure is P1; And P1 is less than P, and P-P1 is designated as Δ P
1, wherein, Δ P
1Span be 1MPa～100MPa, fluid pressure is that the liquid of P1 applies pressure dorsad to following slab (9).
10. complex-curved cavity part hydroforming method according to claim 7; It is characterized in that: inject liquid through first passage (1-2) and second channel (3-5) in the step 5, simultaneously, in upper impression (2-1), charge into the liquid that fluid pressure is P3; And P3 is less than P, and P-P3 is designated as Δ P
3, Δ P wherein
3Span be 1MPa～100MPa, fluid pressure is that the liquid of P3 applies pressure dorsad to last slab (10), in lower impressions (1-1), charges into the liquid that fluid pressure is P4, and P4 is less than P, P-P4 is designated as Δ P
4, Δ P wherein
4Span be 1MPa～100MPa, fluid pressure is that the liquid of P4 applies pressure dorsad to following slab (9).
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| CN2012102924255A CN102806261A (en) | 2012-08-16 | 2012-08-16 | Device and method for hydraulic forming of cavity part with complex curved surface |
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| CN103272910A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Tubular product hydraulic forming device capable of achieving inside and outside pressurization |
| CN103658589A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-26 | 雄邦压铸（南通）有限公司 | High-tightness die-casting mold |
| CN108160796A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-06-15 | 宁波金凤焊割机械制造有限公司 | A kind of metal cavity volume forming method |
| CN109894519A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-18 | 太原科技大学 | A kind of novel magnesium alloy abnormity component rushes-expanding composite forming method |
| CN110340203A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2019-10-18 | 罗尔公司 | It is used to form the tool of compartment components |
| CN111922501A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-13 | 南京三乐集团有限公司 | Precision assembly tool and method for micro-cavity |
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| CN111922501B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-03-22 | 南京三乐集团有限公司 | Precision assembly tool and method for micro-cavity |
| CN116984468A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2023-11-03 | 合肥工业大学 | Ultra-thin metal polar plate ultrasonic auxiliary accurate forming device |
| CN116984468B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2023-12-15 | 合肥工业大学 | Ultra-thin metal polar plate ultrasonic auxiliary accurate forming device |
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Application publication date: 20121205 |