CN102804992B - Method for improving ecological self-maintenance capability of artificial restored plants in arid desert regions - Google Patents
Method for improving ecological self-maintenance capability of artificial restored plants in arid desert regions Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 244000234281 Tamarix gallica Species 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000014265 Tamarix gallica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000217937 Halimodendron halodendron Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001278112 Populus euphratica Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 241001141144 Tamarix leptostachya Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010020943 Nitrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving ecological self-maintenance capability of artificial restored plants in arid desert regions. The method uses a plant population ecological niche overlapping concept, takes halimodendron halodendron to serve as a pioneer specie to be planted in a bare land with serious secondary salinization through a specie diversity method and a specie framework method, takes tamarix leptostachys and populus euphratica which are suitable to the locality to serve as constructive species to conduct artificial planting, allocates community structures through an artificial method while promoting soil nutrient accumulation, achieves structure optimization, and accordingly improves the self-maintenance capability of plant communities so as to improve artificial planting community rebuilding in the arid desert regions with the condition that a precipitation amount is less than 100mm and arid and salinization damage is serious, effectively optimizes community structures through the soil nutrient accumulation and population assembly fusion and improves the self-maintenance capability of the plant communities.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that improves arid-desert area ecological restoration, be specifically related to improve the method for arid-desert area manual reversion manual reversion plant self-maintenance capability.
Background technology
Small bell thorn is a kind of shrub plant that can be grown in arid sand and salt-affected soil, and salt-resistance is very strong, and root dross has higher nitrogenase activity, and lean soil nutrient is improved and has good regulating action.Happiness light, drought-resistant and saline-alkali soil, well developed root system, is the good seeds of fixing the sand and improveing saline-alkali soil.Thin fringe Chinese tamarisk is machaka, and habitat mostly is arid, dust storm, RS in Alkali Region, has wider annidation.Have the xerophytism organ that adapts to arid habitat, axial root system all can reach subterranean water level in the ordinary course of things, and root system often has powerful root pressure.Diversiform-leaved poplar has stronger drought-resistant, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, anti-blown sand, corrosion resistant bioecological character.Diversiform-leaved poplar, thin fringe Chinese tamarisk and small bell thorn are arid-desert area frequently seen plants kinds, and they and other species form arbor, shrub and herbaceous plant group jointly.These populations in the ecosystem, occupied certain position and and relevant population between form certain functional relationship and effect, be referred to as ecological niche.Niche breadth can reflect the utilization of plant population to resource, the adaptive capacity of exchange.Niche overlap is the performance that multiple plant populations utilize same environmental resource jointly, causes thus the competition between species.Can judge these populations common ecological demand in same resource or multiple resource are utilized to process jointly according to the size of ecological niche and overlapping situation, judge its situation mutually exclusive or mutualism based on its common ecological demand again simultaneously.Therefore; according to different plant species niche breadths and overlapping situation thereof; utilize the different demands of different plant species to environmental resource; guarantee that between environment, competitive minimum each species are lived in the same ecosystem; distribute rationally, assemble and ecological fusion thereby realize structure of plant community, reach the object of ecological recovery.
Tarim River basin, antecedent soil moisture is rocky, and organic poor, soil and surface water and groundwater salt content are generally higher, and especially in oasis, peripheral performance is particularly outstanding.As the common species of Tarim River basin---diversiform-leaved poplar, thin fringe Chinese tamarisk and small bell thorn, they are peripheral common symbiosis in Tarimhe River oasis.There are some researches show, between this region diversiform-leaved poplar and thin fringe Chinese tamarisk, thin fringe Chinese tamarisk is zero with the niche overlap value between small bell thorn, that is to say that their are completely different in the mode of resource that conforms each other, in space and environmental resource utilization competitive relation very a little less than; Meanwhile, the nutrient that small bell thorn is diversiform-leaved poplar and Chinese tamarisk plant root to the improvement effect of soil nutrient is to a great extent assembled the good condition of having created.Therefore, utilize diversiform-leaved poplar, thin fringe Chinese tamarisk and the good drought-enduring salt tolerant attribute of small bell thorn, assemble by plant community, realize structure of community optimization by the mode of artificial planting, thereby reach the object of raising plant community self-maintenance capability.
Consider the natural conditions of arid-desert area diversiform-leaved poplar, thin fringe Chinese tamarisk and the symbiosis of small bell thorn population, and consider economy and the technical feasibility of novel technical method, utilize plant population niche overlap concept, by species diversity method and species framework method, implant the serious bare area of secondary salinization using small bell thorn as pioneer, utilize local suitable thin fringe Chinese tamarisk and diversiform-leaved poplar to carry out Artificial Intervention as constructive species, configure structure of community by manual type, reach structure optimization, thereby improved plant community self-maintenance capability.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of method that improves arid-desert area manual reversion plant ecological self-maintenance capability is provided, the method is utilized plant population niche overlap concept, by species diversity method and species framework method, implant the serious bare area of secondary salinization using small bell thorn as pioneer, utilize local suitable thin fringe Chinese tamarisk and diversiform-leaved poplar to carry out Artificial Intervention as constructive species, in promoting soil nutrient accumulation, configure structure of community by manual type, reach structure optimization, thereby improve plant community self-maintenance capability, be less than 100mm to improve in precipitation, the serious arid-desert area artificial plant group of Drought and salt alkalization harm rebuilds, merge and effectively optimize structure of community by soil nutrient accumulation and population assembling, improve the ecological self-maintenance capability of plant community.
The method of raising of the present invention arid-desert area manual reversion plant ecological self-maintenance capability, follows these steps to carry out:
Gather small bell thorn fruit in a, August, seed is put into cloth bag and store as for shady and cool ventilation place;
B, dig parallel strip ditch and tree well, bar furrow width 0.08-0.1m, dark 0.05cm, line space 4m, digs 6 row bar ditches, between every 2 row bar ditches, digs tree well, the dark 0.5-0.6m of tree well, wide 0.4-0.5m, tree well spacing 2-4m, digs 4 row tree wells altogether;
C, May are carried out seed pretreatment, and full seed is immersed in salt solution, treat most of full seed drop on bowl at the bottom of till, then the full seed at the bottom of sinking bowl is pulled out and rinsed 3 times with clean water afterwards, use again soaked in cold water 24 hours, after having soaked seed, carry out drilling, the thick 0.02m of earthing;
D, selection 1-2 life are grown directly from seeds Chinese tamarisk seedling planting in tree well;
E, at the parallel 3 row tree wells that dig in the peripheral 4m place of bar ditch, the dark 0.5-0.6m of tree well, wide 0.4-0.5m, tree well spacing 3-5m, tree well line space 3-5m;
F, selection 1-2 life are grown directly from seeds diversiform-leaved poplar seedling planting in tree well;
G, in Wa Tiaogou and tree well, lay waterline, utilize underground water to irrigate at the field planting initial stage, abandon water in 8-9 month utilization and carry out moisturizing.
Small bell thorn fruit described in step a is the small bell thorn fruit of selecting ecological recovery district the same area.
Described in step b, bar ditch is parallel staggered with tree well, keeps the configuration of+4 Chinese tamarisk bands of 6 small bell thorn bands.
Surface temperature in May described in step c is 10 DEG C, every meter of sowing 200-250 grain seed.
Chinese tamarisk nursery stock described in steps d should be thin fringe Chinese tamarisk.
3 row diversiform-leaved poplar field planting described in step e and step f complete the plantation corresponding circle of sensation that forms at last+3 diversiform-leaved poplar bands of+4 Chinese tamarisk bands of 6 small bell thorn bands.
The method of raising of the present invention arid-desert area manual reversion plant ecological self-maintenance capability, the method is: one, utilize the nitrogen-fixing efficiency of pioneer, artificial seeding's small bell thorn, promotes soil nutrient to assemble, and improves Soil Habitat.Two, utilize niche overlap concept, for the result of study that between arid-desert area small bell thorn, thin fringe Chinese tamarisk and diversiform-leaved poplar, niche overlap is zero, artificial staggered plantation three Plants, utilize environmental resource to greatest extent.Three, utilize species framework method and bio-diversity method, artificial planting native country constructive species, and the plant population assembling that builds the integrated configuration of+3 diversiform-leaved poplars bands of+4 thin fringe Chinese tamarisks bands of 6 small bells thorn band merges, and promotes the succession of community.Four, utilize the critical period after diversiform-leaved poplar, Chinese tamarisk field planting, carry out artificial recharge, promote root system of plant to grow to deep layer, ensure the survival rate of artificial planting.
The method of raising of the present invention arid-desert area manual reversion plant ecological self-maintenance capability, its feature is:
The present invention is directed to small bell thorn, thin fringe Chinese tamarisk and diversiform-leaved poplar that arid-desert area has drought-enduring salt-tolerant trait, pass through species framework method and bio-diversity method according to niche overlap concept, make full use of the utilize feature of these plant populations to environmental resource, artificial planting with exploiting species and constructive species is realized the succession of community, promote soil nutrient to assemble, taking to the maximum using of environmental resource as starting point build structure of plant community, realize artificial plant structure of community and distribute rationally and assemble, thereby raising artificial ecology is recovered the self-maintenance capability of plant community.
Compared with existing arid-desert area manual reversion method, the artificial cropping pattern of this ecological recovery can improve vegetation cover degree greatly, and data show that implementing this cropping pattern region exceeds about 3 times than unenforced region, and vegetation richness also exceeds approximately 1.6 times; From Biodiversity Characteristics, diversity indices improves approximately 11%.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
For ensureing the principle of plant species locality, in the unified region of area to be restored, gather small bell thorn fruit August, seed put into cloth bag and store as for shady and cool ventilation place;
Dig parallel strip ditch and tree well in the bare area of high salinity, bar furrow width 0.08m, dark 0.05cm, line space 4m, digs 6 ditches, between every 2 row bar ditches, digs tree well, left and right distance bar ditch distance is identical, the dark 0.5m of tree well, wide 0.4m, each hole spacing 2m, dig altogether 4 row tree wells, maintaining item ditch and tree well parallel interval, bar ditch wants parallel staggered with tree well, keeps the configuration of+4 Chinese tamarisk bands of 6 small bell thorn bands;
Reach 20 DEG C of temperature at 5 monthly mean temperatures, when underground 5cm temperature is 10 DEG C, carry out seed pretreatment, utilization is sorted seed by salt water, and full seed is immersed in salt solution, treat most of full seed drop on bowl at the bottom of till, then the full seed at the bottom of sinking bowl is pulled out and rinsed 3 times with clean water afterwards, then use soaked in cold water 24 hours, after having soaked seed, carry out drilling, keep every meter of sowing 200-250 grain seed, the thick 0.02m of earthing;
Select 1-2 life to grow directly from seeds thin fringe Chinese tamarisk seedling planting in tree well;
At the parallel 3 row tree wells that dig in the peripheral 4m place of bar ditch, the dark 0.5m of tree well, wide 0.4m, each tree well spacing 3m, line space 3m;
Select 1-2 life to grow directly from seeds diversiform-leaved poplar seedling planting in tree well, finally form the plantation corresponding circle of sensation of+3 diversiform-leaved poplar bands of+4 Chinese tamarisks bands of 6 small bells thorn bands;
Ditching and tree well are laid waterline simultaneously, utilize underground water to irrigate at the field planting initial stage, and in the 8-9 month, (the concrete time is depending on river course water situation) utilization is abandoned water and carried out moisturizing.
Embodiment 2:
For ensureing the principle of plant species locality, in the unified region of area to be restored, gather small bell thorn fruit August, seed put into cloth bag and store as for shady and cool ventilation place;
Dig parallel strip ditch and tree well in the bare area of high salinity, bar furrow width 0.09m, dark 0.05cm, line space 4m, digs 6 row bar ditches, between every two bar ditches, digs tree well, left and right distance bar ditch distance is identical, the dark 0.6m of tree well, wide 0.5m, each hole spacing 3m, dig altogether 4 row tree wells, maintaining item ditch and tree well parallel interval, bar ditch wants parallel staggered with tree well, keeps the configuration of+4 Chinese tamarisk bands of 6 small bell thorn bands;
Reach 20 DEG C of temperature at 5 monthly mean temperatures, when underground 5cm temperature is 10 DEG C, carry out seed pretreatment, utilization is sorted seed by salt water, and full seed is immersed in salt solution, treat most of full seed drop on bowl at the bottom of till, then the full seed at the bottom of sinking bowl is pulled out and rinsed 3 times with clean water afterwards, then use soaked in cold water 24 hours, after having soaked seed, carry out drilling, keep every meter of sowing 200-250 grain seed, the thick 0.02m of earthing;
Select 1-2 life to grow directly from seeds thin fringe Chinese tamarisk seedling planting in tree well;
At the parallel 3 row tree wells that dig in the peripheral 4m place of bar ditch, dark 0.6m, wide 0.5m, each hole spacing 4m, line space 4m, selects 1-2 life to grow directly from seeds diversiform-leaved poplar seedling planting in tree well, finally forms the plantation corresponding circle of sensation of+3 diversiform-leaved poplar bands of+4 Chinese tamarisk bands of 6 small bells thorn bands;
Ditching and tree well are laid waterline simultaneously, utilize underground water to irrigate at the field planting initial stage, and in the 8-9 month, (the concrete time is depending on river course water situation) utilization is abandoned water and carried out moisturizing.
Embodiment 3:
For ensureing the principle of plant species locality, in the unified region of area to be restored, gather small bell thorn fruit August, seed put into cloth bag and store as for shady and cool ventilation place;
Dig parallel strip ditch and tree well in the bare area of high salinity, bar furrow width 0.1m, dark 0.05cm, line space 4m, digs 6 row bar ditches, between every two bar ditches, digs tree well, left and right distance bar ditch distance is identical, the dark 0.6m of tree well, wide 0.5m, each hole spacing 2-4m, dig altogether 4 row tree wells, maintaining item ditch and tree well parallel interval, bar ditch wants parallel staggered with tree well, keeps the configuration of+4 Chinese tamarisk bands of 6 small bell thorn bands;
Reach 20 DEG C of temperature at 5 monthly mean temperatures, when underground 5cm temperature is 10 DEG C, carry out seed pretreatment, utilization is sorted seed by salt water, and full seed is immersed in salt solution, treat most of full seed drop on bowl at the bottom of till, then the full seed at the bottom of sinking bowl is pulled out and rinsed 3 times with clean water afterwards, then use soaked in cold water 24 hours, after having soaked seed, carry out drilling, keep every meter of sowing 200-250 grain seed, the thick 0.02m of earthing;
Select 1-2 life to grow directly from seeds thin fringe Chinese tamarisk seedling planting in tree well;
At the parallel 3 row tree wells that dig in the peripheral 4m place of bar ditch, the dark 0.6m of tree well, wide 0.5m, each hole spacing 5m, line space 5m, selects 1-2 life to grow directly from seeds diversiform-leaved poplar seedling planting in tree well, finally forms the plantation corresponding circle of sensation of+3 diversiform-leaved poplar bands of+4 Chinese tamarisk bands of 6 small bells thorn bands;
Ditching and tree well are laid waterline simultaneously, utilize underground water to irrigate at the field planting initial stage, and in the 8-9 month, (the concrete time is depending on river course water situation) utilization is abandoned water and carried out moisturizing.
Claims (6)
1. improve a method for arid-desert area manual reversion plant ecological self-maintenance capability, it is characterized in that following these steps to carrying out:
Gather small bell thorn fruit in a, August, seed is put into cloth bag and store as for shady and cool ventilation place;
B, dig parallel strip ditch and tree well, bar furrow width 0.08-0.1m, dark 0.05cm, line space 4m, digs 6 row bar ditches, between every 2 row bar ditches, digs tree well, the dark 0.5-0.6m of tree well, wide 0.4-0.5m, tree well spacing 2-4m, digs 4 row tree wells altogether;
C, May are carried out seed pretreatment, and full seed is immersed in salt solution, treat most of full seed drop on bowl at the bottom of till, then the full seed at the bottom of sinking bowl is pulled out and rinsed 3 times with clean water afterwards, use again soaked in cold water 24 hours, after having soaked seed, carry out drilling, the thick 0.02m of earthing;
D, selection 1-2 life are grown directly from seeds Chinese tamarisk seedling planting in tree well;
E, at the parallel 3 row tree wells that dig in the peripheral 4m place of bar ditch, the dark 0.5-0.6m of tree well, wide 0.4-0.5m, tree well spacing 3-5m, tree well line space 3-5m;
F, selection 1-2 life are grown directly from seeds diversiform-leaved poplar seedling planting in tree well;
G, in Wa Tiaogou and tree well, lay waterline, utilize underground water to irrigate at the field planting initial stage, abandon water in 8-9 month utilization and carry out moisturizing.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the small bell thorn fruit described in step a is the small bell thorn fruit of selecting ecological recovery district the same area.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that bar ditch is parallel staggered with tree well described in step b, the configuration that keeps+4 Chinese tamarisks of 6 small bells thorn bands to be with.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that the May described in step c, when underground 5cm temperature is 10 DEG C, and every meter of sowing 200-250 grain seed.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that the Chinese tamarisk nursery stock described in steps d is thin fringe Chinese tamarisk.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that 3 row diversiform-leaved poplar field planting described in step e and step f complete the plantation corresponding circle of sensation that forms at last+3 diversiform-leaved poplars bands of+4 Chinese tamarisks bands of 6 small bells thorn bands.
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| CN104170698B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2016-01-20 | 宝鸡市林山环保科技推广有限公司 | A kind of Arid&semi-arid area kind tree method |
| CN109644900A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-04-19 | 北京师范大学 | A kind of method of determining Fish Communities revegetation potentiality |
| CN115530023A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2022-12-30 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for rapidly supplementing degenerated ecosystem seed source in arid region through artificial seed floating |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1615686A (en) * | 2003-11-15 | 2005-05-18 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Ecological integration technology for desert forest and planted forest |
| CN101507405A (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2009-08-19 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for recovering Tamarix chinensis self-maintenance capability by manpower on arid desert |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1615686A (en) * | 2003-11-15 | 2005-05-18 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Ecological integration technology for desert forest and planted forest |
| CN101507405A (en) * | 2009-03-23 | 2009-08-19 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for recovering Tamarix chinensis self-maintenance capability by manpower on arid desert |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔克拉玛干柽柳根系构筑型研究;杨小林等;《干旱区研究》;20080930;第23卷(第5期);659-667 * |
| 甘蒙柽柳幼苗生长动态及其对沙漠腹地生境条件的适应策略;魏疆等;《干旱区地理》;20070930;第30卷(第3期);666-673 * |
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