CN102803716A - Control device for wind turbine device, wind turbine device, and method for controlling wind turbine device - Google Patents
Control device for wind turbine device, wind turbine device, and method for controlling wind turbine device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102803716A CN102803716A CN2011800003714A CN201180000371A CN102803716A CN 102803716 A CN102803716 A CN 102803716A CN 2011800003714 A CN2011800003714 A CN 2011800003714A CN 201180000371 A CN201180000371 A CN 201180000371A CN 102803716 A CN102803716 A CN 102803716A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0272—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor by measures acting on the electrical generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
- F03D7/0292—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power to reduce fatigue
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/101—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
- F05B2270/1014—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n) to keep rotational speed constant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/103—Purpose of the control system to affect the output of the engine
- F05B2270/1032—Torque
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
- F05B2270/20—Purpose of the control system to optimise the performance of a machine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
- F05B2270/3201—"cut-off" or "shut-down" wind speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/335—Output power or torque
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
A wind turbine device is configured so that, when the blades are subjected to wind having an output reduction start wind speed lower than a conventional cut-out wind speed which is the speed at which torque acting on the main shaft is the limit of torque, torque reduction control is performed so that the torque does not exceed the limit of torque at the conventional cut-out wind speed, the torque reduction control being control which makes changes in the torque before and after the output reduction start control different. In the wind turbine device, for example, if the speed of wind to which the blades are subjected reaches the output reduction start wind speed, the slope of a change in the torque is reduced to a degree less than the slope before the output reduction wind speed is reached. Consequently, in the wind turbine device, even if wind to which the blades are subjected is strong, a load acting on equipment is reduced and a reduction in the output is minimized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the controlling method of control gear, wind generating unit and the wind generating unit of wind generating unit.
Background technique
The rotor with blade of wind generating unit is accepted wind and is rotated, and the generator that links via main shaft and this rotor generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor.Yet because rotor is rotated, and effect has and the corresponding load of rotation on equipment such as the main shaft of wind generating unit, booster engine.Therefore, wind generating unit is in order to prevent to act on the situation that load on the equipment such as main shaft, booster engine surpasses predetermined design load, and when reaching predetermined wind speed (cutting off wind speed), generation outage.
At this, when disclosing the wind that receives when wind generating unit in the patent documentation 1 and reaching the wind speed that applies the loss that over power causes, reduce the technology that the rotating speed of rotor also descends output.
No. 0847496 specification of [patent documentation 1] Europe patent
Summary of the invention
Yet, in the technology that patent documentation 1 is put down in writing, when wind is strong, can reduce load, but can reduce output for this reason to the equipment effect, when the frequency of therefore brushing when high wind is high, annual gross generation minimizing.
Given this present invention plants situation and makes; When its purpose is that even the wind that provides a kind of blade to receive is strong; Also can reduce load to the equipment effect, and the controlling method of control gear, wind generating unit and the wind generating unit of the wind generating unit of inhibition output decline.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, the method below the controlling method of the control gear of wind generating unit of the present invention, wind generating unit and wind generating unit adopts.
Promptly; In the control gear of wind generating unit of the present invention; The rotor with blade of this wind generating unit is accepted wind and is rotated; The generator that links via main shaft and this rotor generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor, and wherein, the control gear of said wind generating unit possesses the output control mechanism; Receive the wind of the second predetermined wind speed that reaches littler than first wind speed when said blade; And this first wind speed is when making the torque that acts on the main shaft become the wind speed of threshold value that might loss equipment, and the variation that this output control mechanism makes said torque is Different control in said second wind speed front and back, so that said torque is no more than said threshold value at said first wind speed.
According to the present invention, can the torque of control action on the main shaft of wind generating unit, the rotor with blade of this wind generating unit is accepted wind and is rotated, and the generator that links via main shaft and this rotor generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor.
Need to prove that the rising that acts on torque on the main shaft and be the wind that receives with blade is risen, and threshold value that might loss equipment.And the said equipment also comprises booster engine etc. except main shaft.
Therefore; Receive the wind of the second predetermined wind speed that reaches littler than first wind speed when blade; And this first wind speed is when making the torque that acts on the main shaft become the wind speed of threshold value; Through the output control mechanism, make variation Different control before and after second wind speed of torque, in order to avoid torque value beyond the mark under first wind speed.
In the past; When blade received the wind of first wind speed that makes torque value beyond the mark, in order to prevent the loss of equipment, and the generating that generator is carried out stopped; But the present invention is through the above-mentioned control carried out of output control mechanism, also can make power generation continuous that generator carries out even surpass first wind speed.
Therefore, even the present invention also can reduce the load to the equipment effect under the strong situation of wind that blade receives, and suppress the minimizing of output.
In addition; In the control gear of wind generating unit of the present invention, the rotor with blade of this wind generating unit is accepted wind and is rotated, and the generator that links via main shaft and this rotor generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor; Wherein, The control gear of said wind generating unit possesses the output control mechanism, and when said blade receives the wind that reaches first wind speed, and this first wind speed is when making the torque that acts on the main shaft become the wind speed of threshold value that might loss equipment; This output control mechanism makes variation Different control before and after said first wind speed of said torque, so that said torque is no more than said threshold value at said first wind speed.
In the present invention; Receive the wind that reaches first wind speed when blade; And this first wind speed is when making the torque that acts on the main shaft become the wind speed of threshold value; Through the output control mechanism, make variation Different control before and after first wind speed of torque, in order to avoid torque value beyond the mark under first wind speed.
Therefore, even the present invention also can reduce the load to the equipment effect under the strong situation of wind that blade receives, and suppress the minimizing of output.
In addition, in said structure, preferably possess the pitching angle control mechanism, when carrying out said control through said output control mechanism, this pitching angle control mechanism is controlled the pitching angle of said blade, so that the rotating speed of said rotor is held in is constant.
When carrying out above-mentioned control through the output control mechanism, because the load of generator is reduced, so the rotation of rotor is quickened.Therefore, wind generating unit also needs the control of rotor when carrying out above-mentioned control.Therefore, according to the present invention, when carrying out above-mentioned control through the output control mechanism, the pitching angle of control blade is so that therefore the invariablenes turning speed of rotor (for example constant one-tenth rated speed) can prevent that the rotating speed of rotor from rising.
In addition, in said structure, the preferred following structure of said output control mechanism, that is, when the wind that receives when said blade reached said second wind speed, it is little before said second wind speed that the slope ratio that said output control mechanism changes said torque reaches.
According to the present invention, when the wind that receives when blade reaches said second wind speed, act on slope ratio that the torque on the main shaft changes and reach little before second wind speed, therefore can prevent torque value beyond the mark under first wind speed more reliably.
In addition, in said structure, the preferred following structure of said output control mechanism; That is, when the wind that receives when said blade reached said first wind speed, said output control mechanism made said torque reduce established amount; Then, the increase according to wind speed increases said torque.
According to the present invention, when the wind that receives when blade reaches first wind speed, the torque that acts on the main shaft is reduced established amount, then, this torque is increased according to the increase of wind speed, therefore can more be exported from generator.
In addition, wind generating unit of the present invention possesses: rotor, and it has blade and accepts wind and be rotated; Generator, it links via main shaft and said rotor, and generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor; The control gear of above-mentioned record.
According to the present invention,, and suppress the minimizing of output even under the strong situation of wind that blade receives, also can reduce load to the equipment effect.
In addition; In the controlling method of wind generating unit of the present invention; The rotor with blade of this wind generating unit is accepted wind and is rotated, and the generator that links via main shaft and this rotor generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor, and the controlling method of said wind generating unit comprises: first operation; Receive the wind of the second predetermined wind speed that reaches littler than first wind speed when said blade; And this first wind speed is when making the torque that acts on the main shaft become the wind speed of threshold value that might loss equipment, makes variation Different control before and after said second wind speed of said torque, so that said torque is no more than said threshold value at said first wind speed; Second operation, when reaching the 3rd wind speed that makes said torque become said threshold value when further rising of wind speed, the generating that said generator is carried out stops.
According to the present invention,, and suppress the minimizing of output even under the strong situation of wind that blade receives, also can reduce load to the equipment effect.
In addition; In the controlling method of wind generating unit of the present invention; The rotor with blade of this wind generating unit is accepted wind and is rotated, and the generator that links via main shaft and this rotor generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor, and the controlling method of said wind generating unit comprises: first operation; Receive the wind that reaches first wind speed when said blade; And this first wind speed is when making the torque that acts on the main shaft become the wind speed of threshold value that might loss equipment, makes variation Different control before and after said first wind speed of said torque, so that said torque is no more than said threshold value at said first wind speed; Second operation, when reaching the 3rd wind speed that makes said torque become said threshold value when further rising of wind speed, the generating that said generator is carried out stops.
According to the present invention,, and suppress the minimizing of output even under the strong situation of wind that blade receives, also can reduce load to the equipment effect.
[invention effect]
According to the present invention,, also can reduce to the load of equipment effect and suppress this excellent effect of minimizing of output even have under the strong situation of wind that blade receives.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the External view of the wind generating unit of first mode of execution.
Fig. 2 is the electric structural drawing of the wind generating unit of first mode of execution.
Fig. 3 be the wind generating unit of expression first mode of execution with respect to the chart of the various variations of wind speed, the output of Fig. 3 (A) expression wind generating unit is with respect to change of wind velocity, Fig. 3 (B) expression acts on torque on the main shaft with respect to change of wind velocity.
Fig. 4 is the chart of the wind generating unit of expression first mode of execution with respect to the various variations of wind speed, and the rotating speed of Fig. 4 (A) expression rotor is with respect to change of wind velocity, and the pitching angle of Fig. 4 (B) expression blade is with respect to change of wind velocity.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that interior torque reduces the flow process of the processing of controlling that is controlled to pitching angle that comprises of expression first mode of execution.
Fig. 6 be the wind generating unit of expression second mode of execution with respect to the chart of the various variations of wind speed, the output of Fig. 6 (A) expression wind generating unit is with respect to change of wind velocity, Fig. 6 (B) expression acts on torque on the main shaft with respect to change of wind velocity.
Embodiment
Below, with reference to a mode of execution of the controlling method of control gear, wind generating unit and the wind generating unit of description of drawings wind generating unit of the present invention.
Below, first mode of execution of the present invention is described.
Fig. 1 is the External view of the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution.
On rotor 18, be around spin axis a plurality of (in this first mode of execution be three as an example) blade 20 is installed radially.Thus, the wind-force that blows on the blade 20 from the spin axis direction of rotor 18 is converted into the power that rotor 18 is rotated around spin axis.And this power is through converting electric power to via main shaft 30 and the generator 34 (with reference to Fig. 2) that rotor 18 links.Need to prove that blade 20 links with rotating mode and rotor 18 according to operating condition, and the pitching angle of blade 20 is changed.
Need to prove that generator 34 comprises the electric power converter that is made up of inverter and transducer etc., electric power converter converts the alternating electromotive force of generator 34 outputs and the matched alternating electromotive force of the frequency of electric power system to.
Fig. 2 is the originally schematic representation of the electric structure of the wind generating unit 10 of first mode of execution of expression.
And wind generating unit 10 is electrically connected with electric power system (Grid) via transformer 36, will be supplied with to electric power system by the electric power that power-converting becomes through generator 34.
In addition, wind generating unit 10 is by the windmill control gear that possesses in the cabin 16 40 controls.
Generator output control part 42 generates the output order value Pdem of the output that is used to control generator 34, sends to generator 34.Output order value Pdem is based on requiring from the output of electric power system and the output of current generator 34, the rotating speed of rotor 18, the pitching angle and the wind speed of blade 20 wait to confirm.
When generator 34 receives output order value Pdem, output is changed based on this output order value Pdem.
Pitching angle control device 44 generates pitching angle command value θ for the pitching angle of controlling blade 20, and the pitch actuators (not shown) that pitching angle is changed in being built in rotor 18 is sent.The speed of the wind that pitching angle command value θ receives based on current pitching angle, blade 20 and the rotating speed of rotor 18 wait to confirm.
When pitch actuators receives pitching angle command value θ, the pitching angle of blade 20 is changed based on this pitching angle command value θ.
Fig. 3 is the chart of the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution of expression with respect to the various variations of wind speed.Need to prove that in following explanation, wind speed is meant mean wind velocity (for example 10 minutes average).
Fig. 3 (A) is the chart of the output of expression wind generating unit 10 with respect to change of wind velocity.In Fig. 3 (A), solid line is represented the variation of the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution with respect to the output of wind speed, and dotted line is represented the variation of existing wind generating unit with respect to the output of wind speed.
On the other hand, Fig. 3 (B) expression acts on torque on the main shaft 30 with respect to change of wind velocity.Need to prove that in Fig. 3 (B), solid line is represented the torque of wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution with respect to change of wind velocity, dotted line representes that the torque of existing wind generating unit is with respect to change of wind velocity.Need to prove that solid line shown in Fig. 3 (B) and dotted line are owing to be that plan line and linarity ground changes, but in fact change.
Shown in Fig. 3 (A), also rise by the output of generator 34 along with the wind speed rising for wind generating unit 10.The output of generator 34 is constant when reaching specified output to be specified output.
And, in existing wind generating unit, becoming under the state of specified output, the wind that receives when blade 20 reaches predetermined wind speed, and (for example 25m/s below is called " cutting off (cutout) wind speed ".) time, exported=the output order value Pdem of 0kW from windmill control gear 40, shown in the dotted line of Fig. 3 (A), generating stops.
Its reason is, for avoiding along with the wind speed load (torque) that acts on the main shaft 30 that rises rises, and makes load surpass design load.
Therefore; Shown in Fig. 3 (B); Cutting off wind speed of making that the generating of wind generating unit 10 stops form reach threshold value (below; Be called " torque limit ") size, this threshold value is to act on the threshold value that torque on the main shaft 30 might loss equipment (main shaft 30, booster engine 34 etc.) because of wind.
Yet; Owing to pursue from wind generating unit 10 and obtain greater power generation amount (annual gross generation); Therefore as a method that obtains the greater power generation amount, consideration will make cutting off wind speed that wind generating unit 10 stops form than the existing big wind speed that cuts off wind speed.
Therefore; In the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution; When blade 20 receives the wind that reaches than the existing little predetermined wind speed that cuts off wind speed (below, be called " output reduces the beginning wind speed "), the variation that makes torque output reduce Different control before and after the beginning wind speed (below; Be called " torque reduces control "), in order to avoid torque surpasses torque limit down existing cutting off wind speed.
That is, wind generating unit 10 bigger than rated wind speed and than the wind speed zone that cuts off wind speed little in, carry out the increase with respect to the torque of the increase of wind speed is reduced the control of (inhibition).Need to prove that output reduces the beginning wind speed and is included in the above-mentioned wind speed zone.
Particularly; In the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution, shown in the solid line of Fig. 3 (B), the wind that receives when blade 20 reaches output when reducing the beginning wind speed; Reduce the situation of the little wind speed of beginning wind speed with specific output and compare, can reduce the slope of the variation of torque.Thus, the wind that receives when blade 20 reaches that output reduces the beginning wind speed and when carrying out torque and reducing control, the output of wind generating unit 10 begins to be reduced to below the specified output shown in the solid line of Fig. 3 (A).
And, shown in the solid line of Fig. 3 (B), reduce control through carrying out torque, even under than the existing big wind speed that cuts off wind speed, torque can not reach torque limit yet.Therefore, eolian the output of wind generating unit 10 becomes below the specified output in order to surpass the existing wind speed that cuts off wind speed even blade 20 receives, but can continue generating, can access the generated energy of Duoing than wind generating unit in the past.
Need to prove that when generator output control part 42 reached output minimizing beginning wind speed when wind speed, the output order value Pdem that the output that makes generator 34 is descended sent to generator 34.When generator 34 receives this output order value Pdem, through controlling the size in the magnetic field that produces by excitation according to this output order value Pdem, and reduce the size of torque.
At this, output reduces the beginning wind speed so long as get final product than the existing little wind speed that cuts off wind speed.Reduce an example of beginning wind speed as output, when cutting off wind speed to 25m/s, making output reduce the beginning wind speed is 20m/s when existing.
Its reason is; Wind speed always has amplitude of fluctuation to a certain degree, for example, and when wind speed is 25m/s; Its amplitude of fluctuation is about tens～twenties m/s; Therefore before carrying out torque minimizing control, instantaneous maximum wind surpasses existing cutting off wind speed, and the torque that acts on the main shaft 30 can not surpass torque limit.
In addition, in the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution, owing to when output reduces the beginning wind speed output is reduced from specified output, so compare with existing wind generating unit when reaching, can not generate and Fig. 3 (A) in the suitable electric power of region alpha.Yet the electric power suitable with region beta of the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution is more than the electric power suitable with region alpha, and this region beta is the zone of generating electricity and obtaining through than the existing big wind speed that cuts off wind speed.Therefore, the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution can access than existing wind generating unit greater power generation amount.
At this, the rotating speed of the rotor 18 of this first mode of execution of Fig. 4 (A) expression is with respect to change of wind velocity, and the pitching angle of Fig. 4 (B) expression blade 20 is with respect to change of wind velocity.In Fig. 4 (B), solid line is represented the pitching angle of this first mode of execution with respect to change of wind velocity, and dotted line representes that in the past pitching angle is with respect to change of wind velocity.
And shown in Fig. 4 (A), the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution is before and after torque reduces control, and the pitching angle of control blade 20 is held in constant with the rotating speed with rotor 18.Need to prove, in this first mode of execution, the rotating speed of rotor 18 is held in rated speed as an example.
Next, with reference to flow chart shown in Figure 5, that explain that the windmill control gear 40 of this first mode of execution carries out comprises the flow process to the torque minimizing control processing in being controlled at of pitching angle.Need to prove that the wind speed that receives when blade 20 reaches and begins torque when output reduces wind speed and reduce control processing.
At first, in step 100, as stated, the output order value Pdem that windmill control gear 40 is used to make the output of generator 34 to descend from generator output control part 42 output.
Thus, reduce acting on the torque on the main shaft 30, and reduce load, so the rotating speed of rotor 18 rises generator 34.Yet, because the rotating speed of rotor 18 has reached rated speed, the situation that the rotating speed of rotor 18 is risen again.
Therefore, in following step 102, prevent that the rotating speed of rotor 18 from surpassing rated speed, and make invariablenes turning speed become rated speed.For this reason, shown in the solid line of Fig. 4 (B), windmill control gear 40 is in pitching angle control device 44, and θ sends to pitch actuators with the pitching angle command value, and this pitching angle command value θ is used to make pitching angle more to change to the feathering side than existing pitching angle.
When pitch actuators receives this pitching angle command value θ, pitching angle is changed to the feathering side, that is, close pitching according to pitching angle command value θ.
So, the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution is held in rated speed with the rotating speed of rotor 18, therefore can the inertial force of rotor 18 kept high and prevents the increase of torque.
In following step 104, wind speed further rises, and judges cut off wind speed (being 30m/s as an example) whether reach this first mode of execution, when when judging certainly, moves to step 106, when when negating judgement, moves to step 108.Need to prove that this cutting off wind speed of first mode of execution is than the existing big wind speed that cuts off wind speed, is when carrying out torque and reducing control, acts on the wind speed that torque on the main shaft 30 reaches torque limit.
In step 106, windmill control gear 40 will make the output order value Pdem of generator output control part 42 generation outages send to generator 34.Generation outage when generator 34 receives this output order value Pdem, and finish torque and reduce control.
In addition, follow in this, pitching angle control device 44 also can send pitching angle command value θ to pitch actuators, and this pitching angle command value θ makes the rotation of rotor 18 stop and the value that being used to make pitching angle to change to feathering side in order to make blade 20 avoid wind.When pitch actuators receives this pitching angle command value θ, pitching angle is changed to the feathering side according to this pitching angle command value θ.
On the other hand, in step 108, judge whether wind that blade 20 receives becomes output and reduce below the beginning wind speed,, move,, return step 104 when when negating judgement to step 110 when when judging certainly.
In step 110, windmill control gear 40 sends to generator 34 at the output order value Pdem that generator output control part 42 will make output rise to specified output.
In following step 112, windmill control gear 40 sends the pitching angle command value θ when pitching angle control device 44 does not carry out torque minimizing control to pitch actuators, and finishes torque and reduce control.
As described above said; When blade 20 receives when making the torque that acts on the main shaft 30 become the wind of the ratio of the torque limit existing output that cuts off wind speed little minimizing beginning wind speed; The wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution carries out before and after output reduces the beginning wind speed, making the different torque of variation of torque to reduce control, in order to avoid torque surpasses torque limit down existing cutting off wind speed.
Particularly, the wind that the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution receives at blade 20 reaches output when reducing the beginning wind speed, compares before reducing the beginning wind speed with reaching output, reduces the slope of torque with respect to change of wind velocity.
And wind generating unit 10 arrives when making torque become the wind speed of torque limit when further rising of wind speed after the beginning torque reduces control, and the generating that generator 34 is carried out stops.
Therefore, even the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution under the strong situation of wind that blade 20 receives, also can reduce to the load of equipment effect and suppress the minimizing of output.In addition, therefore the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution can produce more than needed with respect to maximum load or fatigue strength to equipment owing to can reduce the load to the equipment effect.
Need to prove, in the wind generating unit 10 of this first mode of execution, carry out torque and reduce when controlling, be held in the pitching angle that constant mode is controlled blade 20, can prevent that therefore the rotating speed of rotor 18 from rising with rotating speed with rotor 18.
(second mode of execution)
Below, second mode of execution of the present invention is described.
Need to prove that the structure of the wind generating unit 10 of this second mode of execution is identical with the structure of the wind generating unit 10 of Fig. 1, first mode of execution shown in 2, therefore omit explanation.
Fig. 6 is the chart of the wind generating unit 10 of this second mode of execution of expression with respect to the various variations of wind speed; Fig. 6 (A) expression wind generating unit 10 is with respect to the variation of the output of wind speed, and Fig. 6 (B) expression acts on torque on the main shaft 30 with respect to change of wind velocity.
Shown in Fig. 6 (B); When the wind that the generator output control part 42 of the wind generating unit 10 of this second mode of execution receives when blade 20 reaches existing cutting off wind speed; Make torque decline established amount, then, make the torque minimizing control of torque increase according to the increase of wind speed.
Reduce control in order to carry out this torque, when the wind that generator output control part 42 receives at blade 20 reaches existing cutting off wind speed, will be used to make output order value Pdem that the output of generator 34 sharply reduces established amount to generator 34 outputs.The output order value Pdem that will be used to after the generator output control part 42 output is reduced gradually exports to generator 34.
Thus, shown in Fig. 6 (A), the wind generating unit 10 of this second mode of execution since the decline of unsuitable generated energy with the region alpha shown in Fig. 3 (A) of first mode of execution therefore can more be exported from generator 34.
In addition, in the wind generating unit 10 of this second mode of execution, reduce control, act on the torque on the main shaft 30 and reduce, and reduce load, so the rotating speed of rotor 18 rises generator 34 through carrying out torque.Therefore, the pitching angle control device 44 and first mode of execution of this second mode of execution likewise send pitching angle command value θ to pitch actuators, and this pitching angle command value θ is used to make pitching angle ratio pitching angle in the past more to change to the feathering side.
When pitch actuators receives this pitching angle command value θ, pitching angle is changed to the feathering side, that is, close pitching according to pitching angle command value θ.Thus, the wind generating unit 10 of this second mode of execution is held in rated speed with the rotating speed of rotor 18, therefore can the inertial force of rotor 18 kept high and prevents the increase of torque.
And when the wind that receives when blade 20 reached than the cutting off wind speed of existing big basis second mode of execution that cuts off wind speed, the generating that wind generating unit 10 carries out generator 34 stopped.
More than, use above-mentioned each mode of execution that the present invention has been described, but technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope of above-mentioned mode of execution record.In the scope of the main idea that does not break away from invention, can carry out numerous variations or improvement to above-mentioned each mode of execution, the mode of having carried out this change or improvement is also contained in the technical scope of the present invention.
For example; In the first embodiment; Explained after wind speed reaches output minimizing beginning wind speed (in second mode of execution, wind speed reaches after existing the cutting off wind speed), only carried out the mode that a torque reduces control; But the present invention is not limited thereto, also can be the mode that repeatedly torque reduces control of before torque reaches torque limit, carrying out.
In addition, in above-mentioned each mode of execution, explained to make torque reduce the mode that the torque after controlling linearly changes to property; But the present invention is not limited thereto; For example, both can change linearly, also can change step by step on stepped ground with the mode song that moves closer to torque limit.
[symbol description]
10 wind generating units
18 rotors
20 blades
30 main shafts
40 windmill control gear
42 generator output control parts
44 pitching angle control devices
Claims (8)
1. the control gear of a wind generating unit, the rotor with blade of this wind generating unit is accepted wind and is rotated, and the generator that links via main shaft and this rotor generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor, wherein,
The control gear of said wind generating unit possesses the output control mechanism; Receive the wind of the second predetermined wind speed that reaches littler than first wind speed when said blade; And this first wind speed is when making the torque that acts on the main shaft become the wind speed of threshold value that might loss equipment; This output control mechanism makes variation Different control before and after said second wind speed of said torque, so that said torque is no more than said threshold value at said first wind speed.
2. the control gear of a wind generating unit, the rotor with blade of this wind generating unit is accepted wind and is rotated, and the generator that links via main shaft and this rotor generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor, wherein,
The control gear of said wind generating unit possesses the output control mechanism; Receive the wind that reaches first wind speed when said blade; And this first wind speed is when making the torque that acts on the main shaft become the wind speed of threshold value that might loss equipment; This output control mechanism makes variation Different control before and after said first wind speed of said torque, so that said torque is no more than said threshold value at said first wind speed.
3. the control gear of wind generating unit according to claim 1 and 2, wherein,
Possess the pitching angle control mechanism, when carrying out said control through said output control mechanism, this pitching angle control mechanism is controlled the pitching angle of said blade, so that the rotating speed of said rotor is held in is constant.
4. the control gear of wind generating unit according to claim 1, wherein,
When the wind that receives when said blade reached said second wind speed, it is little before said second wind speed that the slope ratio that said output control mechanism changes said torque reaches.
5. the control gear of wind generating unit according to claim 2, wherein,
When the wind that receives when said blade reached said first wind speed, said output control mechanism made said torque reduce established amount, then, according to the increase of wind speed said torque was increased.
6. wind generating unit, it possesses:
Rotor, it has blade and accepts wind and be rotated;
Generator, it links via main shaft and said rotor, and generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor;
Claim 1 or 2 described control gear.
7. the controlling method of a wind generating unit, the rotor with blade of this wind generating unit is accepted wind and is rotated, and the generator that links via main shaft and this rotor generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor, and the controlling method of said wind generating unit comprises:
First operation; Receive the wind of the second predetermined wind speed that reaches littler than first wind speed when said blade; And this first wind speed is when making the torque that acts on the main shaft become the wind speed of threshold value that might loss equipment; Make variation Different control before and after said second wind speed of said torque, so that said torque is no more than said threshold value at said first wind speed;
Second operation, when reaching the 3rd wind speed that makes said torque become said threshold value when further rising of wind speed, the generating that said generator is carried out stops.
8. the controlling method of a wind generating unit, the rotor with blade of this wind generating unit is accepted wind and is rotated, and the generator that links via main shaft and this rotor generates electricity through the rotation of this rotor, and the controlling method of said wind generating unit comprises:
First operation; Receive the wind that reaches first wind speed when said blade; And this first wind speed is when making the torque that acts on the main shaft become the wind speed of threshold value that might loss equipment; Make variation Different control before and after said first wind speed of said torque, so that said torque is no more than said threshold value at said first wind speed;
Second operation, when reaching the 3rd wind speed that makes said torque become said threshold value when further rising of wind speed, the generating that said generator is carried out stops.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2011/054044 WO2012114487A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | Control device for wind turbine device, wind turbine device, and method for controlling wind turbine device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102803716A true CN102803716A (en) | 2012-11-28 |
| CN102803716B CN102803716B (en) | 2015-06-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201180000371.4A Active CN102803716B (en) | 2011-02-23 | 2011-02-23 | Control device for wind turbine device, wind turbine device, and method for controlling wind turbine device |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9222464B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2679811B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5204307B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101253460B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102803716B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2011202420A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI1100052A2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2741389A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012114487A1 (en) |
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| CN108123488A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-06-05 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Wind-driven generator grid-connected control method and device |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2012114487A1 (en) | 2014-07-07 |
| EP2679811B1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
| KR20120135001A (en) | 2012-12-12 |
| CA2741389A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
| BRPI1100052A2 (en) | 2016-05-03 |
| CN102803716B (en) | 2015-06-24 |
| US20120211982A1 (en) | 2012-08-23 |
| KR101253460B1 (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| EP2679811A1 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
| AU2011202420A1 (en) | 2012-09-06 |
| WO2012114487A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
| JP5204307B2 (en) | 2013-06-05 |
| US9222464B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
| EP2679811A4 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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