CN102796656B - System and method for generating power by using biomass - Google Patents
System and method for generating power by using biomass Download PDFInfo
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- CN102796656B CN102796656B CN201210277213.XA CN201210277213A CN102796656B CN 102796656 B CN102796656 B CN 102796656B CN 201210277213 A CN201210277213 A CN 201210277213A CN 102796656 B CN102796656 B CN 102796656B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/12—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing fuels or solvents
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M43/00—Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus
- C12M43/08—Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices or plants for production of electricity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
- C12M47/18—Gas cleaning, e.g. scrubbers; Separation of different gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and method for generating power by using biomass. The system comprises a biogas preparation subsystem, a methane preparation subsystem, a hydrogen preparation subsystem and a hydrogen power generation subsystem, wherein the biogas preparation subsystem is used for fermenting organics in the biomass serving as a raw material with methane bacteria to generate biogas under the condition of air isolation; the methane preparation subsystem is used for extracting methane from the generated biogas and oxidizing the methane to generate methanol; the hydrogen preparation subsystem is used for preparing hydrogen in a way of mixing generated methanol and water or directly preparing hydrogen by using the generated methanol; and the hydrogen power generation subsystem is used for generating power by using the generated hydrogen. According to the system and the method for generating power by using the biomass, provided by the invention, the biogas is prepared from the biomass, the methane is extracted from the biogas, the methane is oxidized to prepare the methanol, the hydrogen is prepared from the methanol, and the hydrogen is used for generating power, thus the biomass is converted into electric energy and the energy conversion efficiency is increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of power generation, relate to a kind of power generation system, relate in particular to a kind of system of utilizing biomass power generation; Meanwhile, the invention still further relates to a kind of method of utilizing biomass power generation.
Background technology
Energy dilemma and ecological crisis are perplexing countries in the world government always, and equally also perplexing Chinese Government, particularly China is large agricultural country, and governments at all levels are also being entangled with in several hundred million peasants' increasing both production and income always.Though exploration is for many years effect to some extent, never important breakthrough.
Thinking and the visual angle of application energy state scientific and engineering, by the analysis to existing agricultural food product production economy pattern, in conjunction with the feature of natural energy resources, find that natural energy resources and foodstuff production have closely similar feature.Can reach a conclusion: the new rural economy pattern of food and natural energy resources coproduction, in rural area, can be set up in rural area completely in the production base of natural energy resources, is referred to as energy state rural economy or rural area energy state economy.
Technically, several main flow natural energy source utilizing electricity generating techns are ripe: 10kw sun power heat build-up stirling generator has been realized commercialization; Aerogenerator has also been realized commercialization; Biomass-making biogas is universal for many years.Existing problem is that the mankind are being perplexed in the storage of the natural energy resources that these can obtain in a large number always.
In order effectively to utilize a large amount of stalk and farm animal excrements that exist in rural area, some regional rural areas start to utilize stalk and farm animal excrement to manufacture biogas.Biogas be organic substance under anaerobic, a kind of inflammable gas generating through the fermentative action of microorganism.Because this gas is swampy at first, so be called biogas.The various organism such as human and animal excreta, stalk, sewage, in airtight methane-generating pit, at anaerobism (there is no oxygen) condition bottom fermentation, by miscellaneous methane fermentating microorganism decomposition and inversion, thereby produce biogas.Biogas is a kind of mixed gas, can burn.Biogas is the inflammable gas that organism produces through microbiological anaerobic digestion.
Biogas is the mixture of multiple gases, and generally, containing methane 50～70%, all the other are carbonic acid gas and a small amount of nitrogen, hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide etc.Its characteristic is similar to Sweet natural gas.In air as contain 8.6～20.8%(by volume) biogas time, will form volatile mixed gas.Biogas except direct burning for cooking, dry agricultural byproducts, heating, illumination and gas welding etc., also can make the industrial chemicals such as the fuel of oil engine and methanol, formalin, tetracol phenixin.Feed liquid and the sediment of after firedamp gas equipment fermentation, discharging, contain more rich nutritive substance, can be used as fertilizer and feed.
Biogas is some organic substances, and under certain temperature, humidity, acidity condition, isolated air (as with methane-generating pit), through microbial process (fermentation) and the inflammable gas of generation.It contains a small amount of hydrogen sulfide, so stink slightly.Fermentation is complicated biochemical change, has many microorganisms to participate in.
Reaction roughly divides two stages: (1) microorganism becomes simple material the carbohydrate in complicated organic substance, fat, protein degradation, as lower fatty acid, alcohol, aldehyde, carbonic acid gas, ammonia, hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide etc.(2), by the effect of methane bacterial classification, make some simple materials become methane.To normally produce biogas, be necessary for microorganism and create good condition, make it can survive, breed.
Methane-generating pit must meet multiple condition.First, methane-generating pit is airtight.Organic substance is fermented into biogas, is the result of multiple anerobe activity, therefore will cause the anaerobic environment of an anerobe activity.When building methane-generating pit, to note isolated air, airtight, do not seep water.Secondly, in methane-generating pit, to maintain 20～40 ℃ because conventionally at this temperature factor of created gase the highest.The 3rd, methane-generating pit will have sufficient nutrient.Microorganism will survive, breed, and must from fermented material, draw nutrient.In the fermentation raw material of methane-generating pit, human and animal excreta can provide nitrogen element, and the Mierocrystalline celluloses such as the stalk of farm crop can provide carbon.The 4th, fermentation raw material will contain suitable quantity of water, and moisture 80% left and right in the fermentation raw material of general requirement methane-generating pit is too much or very few all unfavorable to aerogenesis.The 5th, the pH value general control of methane-generating pit is 7～8.5.
People are mainly that the utilization ratio of the energy is lower by making the mode of its burning obtain energy to the utilization of biogas.Therefore in addition, utilize the technology of marsh gas power generation also to truly have existence, but existing power generation system is to carry out heat energy power-generating by the mode of biogas combustion, energy conversion efficiency is lower, fails widespread use.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of system of utilizing biomass power generation is provided, and can be electric energy by Wood Adhesives from Biomass, improves energy conversion efficiency.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of method of utilizing biomass power generation, can be electric energy by Wood Adhesives from Biomass, improves energy conversion efficiency.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Utilize a system for biomass power generation, described system comprises:
Biogas is prepared subsystem, in order to take biomass as raw material, under the condition of isolated air, utilizes methanogen that the organic matter fermentation in biomass is formed methane;
Methanol is for subsystem, and the methane outlet of preparing subsystem with biogas is connected, in order to by after the biogas pressurization of generation from wherein extracting methane, then by methane oxidation methanol; The process that described Methanol extracts methane for subsystem comprises the steps: step S21, biogas is washed by soda-lime, removes hydrogen sulfide, carbonic acid gas wherein; Step S22, by the biogas through after step S21 by the vitriol oil, remove ammonia wherein; Step S23, the biogas utilization low temperature volatilization method through after step S22 is made to highly purified methane; The process of methane oxidation methanol is comprised: methane and oxygen are mixed by the volume ratio of 8～9:1～2, under 150～220 ℃ and 80～125 atmospheric conditions, by copper pipe reaction, make methyl alcohol, reaction formula is: 2CH
4+ O
2=2CH
3oH;
Hydrogen is prepared subsystem, is connected with the methyl alcohol outlet of Methanol for subsystem, in order to utilize the first alcohol and water generating to mix, makes hydrogen; The hydrogen production process that described hydrogen is prepared subsystem comprises the steps: step S31, by first alcohol and water by pump delivery to interchanger heat exchange, after heat exchange, enter vaporizer gasification; Methanol vapor and water vapour after step S32, gasification enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyzer, and the temperature of reformer chamber is 370 ℃-409 ℃; Between step S33, reformer chamber and separate chamber, be provided with preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, the gas in order to heating from reformer chamber output; Described preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, as the buffering between reformer chamber and separate chamber, shortens the temperature head between reformer chamber output gas temperature and separate chamber's temperature, makes from the temperature of gas of reformer chamber output identical with the temperature of separate chamber or approaching; Temperature Setting in step S34, described separate chamber is that the temperature of 400 ℃-450℃， separate chamber is higher than the temperature of reformer chamber; In separate chamber, be provided with palladium membrane separation apparatus, from the aerogenesis end of palladium membrane separation apparatus, obtain hydrogen;
Hydrogen gas generation subsystem, the hydrogen outlet of preparing subsystem with hydrogen is connected, in order to utilize the hydrogen gas generation making.
Utilize a system for biomass power generation, described system comprises:
Biogas is prepared subsystem, in order to take biomass as raw material, under the condition of isolated air, utilizes methanogen that organic matter fermentation is formed methane;
Methanol is for subsystem, and the methane outlet of preparing subsystem with biogas is connected, in order to extract methane the biogas from generating, then by methane oxidation methanol;
Hydrogen is prepared subsystem, is connected with the methyl alcohol outlet of Methanol for subsystem, makes hydrogen, or directly by the Methanol generating, obtain hydrogen in order to utilize the first alcohol and water generating to mix;
Hydrogen gas generation subsystem, the hydrogen outlet of preparing subsystem with hydrogen is connected, in order to utilize the hydrogen gas generation making.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process that described Methanol extracts methane for subsystem comprises the steps:
Step S21, biogas is washed by soda-lime, remove hydrogen sulfide, carbonic acid gas wherein;
Step S22, by the biogas through after step S21 by the vitriol oil, remove ammonia wherein;
Step S23, the biogas utilization low temperature volatilization method through after step S22 is made to highly purified methane.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, methane and oxygen are mixed by the volume ratio of 8～9:1～2, under 150～220 ℃ and 80～125 atmospheric conditions, by copper pipe reaction, make methyl alcohol, reaction formula is: 2CH
4+ O
2=2CH
3oH.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen production process that described hydrogen is prepared subsystem comprises the steps:
Step S31, by first alcohol and water by pump delivery to interchanger heat exchange, after heat exchange, enter vaporizer gasification;
Methanol vapor and water vapour after step S32, gasification enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyzer, and the temperature of reformer chamber is 370 ℃-409 ℃;
Between step S33, reformer chamber and separate chamber, be provided with preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, the gas in order to heating from reformer chamber output; Described preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, as the buffering between reformer chamber and separate chamber, shortens the temperature head between reformer chamber output gas temperature and separate chamber's temperature, makes from the temperature of gas of reformer chamber output identical with the temperature of separate chamber or approaching;
Temperature Setting in step S34, described separate chamber is that the temperature of 400 ℃-450℃， separate chamber is higher than the temperature of reformer chamber; In separate chamber, be provided with palladium membrane separation apparatus, from the aerogenesis end of palladium membrane separation apparatus, obtain hydrogen.
Utilize an electricity-generating method for said system, described method comprises the steps:
Step S1, biogas are prepared subsystem and be take biomass as raw material, under the condition of isolated air, utilize methanogen that organic matter fermentation is formed methane;
Step S2, Methanol extract methane for subsystem from the biogas generating, then by methane oxidation methanol;
The first alcohol and water mixing that step S3, hydrogen are prepared subsystem utilization generation makes hydrogen, or directly by the Methanol generating, obtains hydrogen;
The hydrogen gas generation that step S4, the utilization of hydrogen gas generation subsystem make.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process that described Methanol extracts methane for subsystem comprises the steps:
Step S21, biogas is washed by soda-lime, remove hydrogen sulfide, carbonic acid gas wherein;
Step S22, by the biogas through after step S21 by the vitriol oil, remove ammonia wherein;
Step S23, the biogas utilization low temperature volatilization method through after step S22 is made to highly purified methane.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in described step S2, methane and oxygen are mixed by the volume ratio of 8～9:1～2, under 150～220 ℃ and 80～125 atmospheric conditions, by copper pipe reaction, make methyl alcohol, reaction formula is: 2CH
4+ O
2=2CH
3oH.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen production process that described hydrogen is prepared subsystem comprises the steps:
Step S31, by first alcohol and water by pump delivery to interchanger heat exchange, after heat exchange, enter vaporizer gasification;
Methanol vapor and water vapour after step S32, gasification enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyzer, and the temperature of reformer chamber is 370 ℃-409 ℃;
Between step S33, reformer chamber and separate chamber, be provided with preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, the gas in order to heating from reformer chamber output; Described preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, as the buffering between reformer chamber and separate chamber, shortens the temperature head between reformer chamber output gas temperature and separate chamber's temperature, makes from the temperature of gas of reformer chamber output identical with the temperature of separate chamber or approaching;
Temperature Setting in step S34, described separate chamber is that the temperature of 400 ℃-450℃， separate chamber is higher than the temperature of reformer chamber; In separate chamber, be provided with palladium membrane separation apparatus, from the aerogenesis end of palladium membrane separation apparatus, obtain hydrogen.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the system and method that utilizes biomass power generation that the present invention proposes, by biomass-making for biogas, biogas extract methane, methane oxidation is prepared the flow processs such as methyl alcohol, hydrogen from methyl alcohol, hydrogen gas generation, thereby by Wood Adhesives from Biomass, be electric energy, improve energy conversion efficiency.
The present invention can be according to different areas and addressing, and natural energy resources condition can be different on the spot, and the main flow natural energy resources therefore adopting can be different.As given priority to sun power heat build-up generating in conjunction with adopting biomass domestic garbage, carry out the energy and fertilizer coproduction, form energy state new countryside construction model, the energy state farm house of building is not only the place of peasant household's life, or the miniature workshop of solar energy collecting methanol, methanol production instrument used is modern agricultural energy state household electrical appliance.Realize energy state farm house, sun power heat build-up generating and the adopting biomass domestic garbage energy and fertilizer coproduction are all mature technologies, and to be solved is to reduce equipment cost.And water electrolysis hydrogen production is mature technology.
Biomass energy and farm manure coproduction realize, and existing problem is further not change into liquid methanol after biogas produces, so biogas exists use and accumulating two large problems: use direct combustion not only to waste, also have emission problem; Biogas carrying cost is high and dangerous.When biogas is changed into liquid methanol, just accumulating easily, reduces energy use cost greatly.The processing output of biogas residue organic fertilizer, will drive the development of Organic farming.
The agricultural energy can be reached self-sufficiency.Farm house has become the miniature renewable methanol production workshop of using automated installation.Therefore, the needed energy of peasant household has not needed external supply, can be self-sufficient.Electric power can obtain by the generating of family expenses energy methanol-water hydrogen distributed energy station, and generating efficiency height is safe and reliable, with using with sending out.Farm machinery and agricultural traffic vehicle are all used methanol-water hydrogen power, and the methyl alcohol energy used all, from producing, is cut down the number of intermediate links, and reduces peasant burden.The more important thing is the self-sufficient of agriculture renewable clear energy sources, for agricultural is established good ecological organic production environment, this is to implement one of most important basis of energy state rural economy.
Utilizing the present invention can realize Organic farming produces.Ban use of chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals, use farm manure comprehensively.Natural pond slag solid-liquid separation, solid farmers' base manure returns field, realizes soil maintenance, promotes next season good harvest.Liquid diluting can be directly used in farmland fertilization, increasing both production and income.This is that agricultural changes into one of basic guarantee of using full fertilizer maintenance type economy, round Realization Organic farming from relying on chemical fertilizer predation type to produce.
The type of plugging in Organic farming district transportation network.Nuisanceless, green and organic three classes that agricultural-food are divided into, wherein organic farm products is the highest product of requirement, needs the three aspects :s such as strict control atmosphere, water system and soil not contaminated.Therefore, in Organic farming production area, must forbid fossil energy vehicle to enter, avoid fossil energy exhaust emissions to exert an influence to atmosphere.Due to the maturation of moving hydrogen technology, it is feasible in Organic farming block, implementing in full methanol-water hydrogen power transportation network.Relate to external fossil oil automobile and carrier vehicle, adopt fixed point to plug into, by the traffic of domestic methanol-water hydrogen power, divide defeated domestic service end.
Carry out zero release industry comprehensively.In any discharge in Organic farming district, be all unallowed, but food energy coproduction type economy, the fertile coproduction type of methane energy economy, the solid carbon deoxygenation methyl alcohol economic dispatch of natural energy resources all belong to the industry that peasants and workers combine, can not be without industry in Organic farming district, the existence of industry just must meet zero emission requirement, otherwise Organic farming will become empty talk, energy state agricultural will not known where to begin.Owing to there being the poising action of solid carbon deoxygenation industry, carbon capture is no longer the thing of consuming cost, the carbon catching will produce economic benefit, pure oxygen source is the by product of solid carbon deoxygenation industry, therefore for burning industrial, realize pure oxygen without nitrogen combustion processes in, not only total system is energy-conservation, can also reduce carbon capture cost, realize the zero release of economy.Good technological design can also reach energy-conservation and save the object that industrial energy consumes production cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the present invention's system of utilizing biomass power generation.
Fig. 2 is the schema that the present invention utilizes the method for biomass power generation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail.
Embodiment mono-
Refer to Fig. 1, the present invention has disclosed a kind of system of utilizing biomass power generation, described system comprises: biogas is prepared subsystem 11, Methanol is prepared subsystem 13, hydrogen gas generation subsystem 14 for subsystem 12, hydrogen, and biogas is prepared subsystem 11, Methanol is prepared subsystem 13, hydrogen gas generation subsystem 14 for subsystem 12, hydrogen and connected successively.
Biogas is prepared subsystem 11 in order to take biomass as raw material, under the condition of isolated air, utilizes methanogen that the organic matter fermentation in biomass is formed methane.
The methane outlet that Methanol is prepared subsystem 11 for subsystem 12 and biogas is connected, in order to by after the biogas pressurization of generation from wherein extracting methane, then by methane oxidation methanol.In the present embodiment, the process that described Methanol extracts methane for subsystem comprises the steps: step S21, biogas is washed by soda-lime, removes hydrogen sulfide, carbonic acid gas wherein; Step S22, by the biogas through after step S21 by the vitriol oil, remove ammonia wherein; Step S23, the biogas utilization low temperature volatilization method through after step S22 is made to highly purified methane; The process of methane oxidation methanol is comprised: methane and oxygen are mixed by the volume ratio of 8～9:1～2, under the condition of 150～220 ℃ (as 100 ℃ or 110 ℃) and 80～125 normal atmosphere (as 100 normal atmosphere), by copper pipe reaction, make methyl alcohol, reaction formula is: 2CH
4+ O2=2CH
3oH.
Hydrogen is prepared subsystem 13 and is connected with the methyl alcohol outlet of Methanol for subsystem 12, in order to utilize the first alcohol and water generating to mix, makes hydrogen.The hydrogen production process that described hydrogen is prepared subsystem comprises the steps: step S31, by first alcohol and water by pump delivery to interchanger heat exchange, after heat exchange, enter vaporizer gasification; Methanol vapor and water vapour after step S32, gasification enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyzer, and the temperature of reformer chamber is 370 ℃-409 ℃; Between step S33, reformer chamber and separate chamber, be provided with preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, the gas in order to heating from reformer chamber output; Described preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, as the buffering between reformer chamber and separate chamber, shortens the temperature head between reformer chamber output gas temperature and separate chamber's temperature, makes from the temperature of gas of reformer chamber output identical with the temperature of separate chamber or approaching; Temperature Setting in step S34, described separate chamber is that the temperature of 400 ℃-450℃， separate chamber is higher than the temperature of reformer chamber; In separate chamber, be provided with palladium membrane separation apparatus, from the aerogenesis end of palladium membrane separation apparatus, obtain hydrogen;
Hydrogen gas generation subsystem 14 is connected with the hydrogen outlet that hydrogen is prepared subsystem 13, in order to utilize the hydrogen gas generation making.
More than introduced the composition of system of the present invention, the present invention, when disclosing said system, also discloses a kind of electricity-generating method that utilizes said system; Refer to Fig. 2, described method comprises the steps:
[step S1] biogas is prepared subsystem and be take biomass as raw material, under the condition of isolated air, utilizes methanogen that the organic matter fermentation in biomass is formed methane.
[step S2] Methanol extracts methane for subsystem from the biogas generating, then by methane oxidation methanol.
The process that described Methanol extracts methane for subsystem comprises the steps:
Step S21, biogas is washed by soda-lime, remove hydrogen sulfide, carbonic acid gas wherein;
Step S22, by the biogas through after step S21 by the vitriol oil, remove ammonia wherein;
Step S23, the biogas utilization low temperature volatilization method through after step S22 is made to highly purified methane.
Then, methane and oxygen are mixed by the volume ratio of 8～9:1～2, under 150～220 ℃ and 80～125 atmospheric conditions, by copper pipe reaction, make methyl alcohol, reaction formula is: 2CH
4+ O
2=2CH
3oH.
The first alcohol and water mixing that [step S3] hydrogen is prepared subsystem utilization generation makes hydrogen, or directly by the Methanol generating, obtains hydrogen.
The hydrogen production process that described hydrogen is prepared subsystem comprises the steps:
Step S31, by first alcohol and water by pump delivery to interchanger heat exchange, after heat exchange, enter vaporizer gasification;
Methanol vapor and water vapour after step S32, gasification enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyzer, and the temperature of reformer chamber is 370 ℃-409 ℃;
Between step S33, reformer chamber and separate chamber, be provided with preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, the gas in order to heating from reformer chamber output; Described preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, as the buffering between reformer chamber and separate chamber, shortens the temperature head between reformer chamber output gas temperature and separate chamber's temperature, makes from the temperature of gas of reformer chamber output identical with the temperature of separate chamber or approaching;
Temperature Setting in step S34, described separate chamber is that the temperature of 400 ℃-450℃， separate chamber is higher than the temperature of reformer chamber; In separate chamber, be provided with palladium membrane separation apparatus, from the aerogenesis end of palladium membrane separation apparatus, obtain hydrogen.
The hydrogen gas generation that the utilization of [step S4] hydrogen gas generation subsystem makes.
In sum, the system and method that utilizes biomass power generation that the present invention proposes, by biomass-making for biogas, biogas extract methane, methane oxidation is prepared the flow processs such as methyl alcohol, hydrogen from methyl alcohol, hydrogen gas generation, thereby by Wood Adhesives from Biomass, be electric energy, improve energy conversion efficiency.
Here description of the invention and application is illustrative, not wants by scope restriction of the present invention in the above-described embodiments.Here the distortion of disclosed embodiment and change is possible, and for those those of ordinary skill in the art, the various parts of the replacement of embodiment and equivalence are known.Those skilled in the art are noted that in the situation that not departing from spirit of the present invention or essential characteristic, and the present invention can be with other form, structure, layout, ratio, and realizes with other assembly, material and parts.In the situation that not departing from the scope of the invention and spirit, can carry out other distortion and change to disclosed embodiment here.
Claims (4)
1. a system of utilizing biomass power generation, is characterized in that, described system comprises:
Biogas is prepared subsystem, in order to take biomass as raw material, under the condition of isolated air, utilizes methanogen that organic matter fermentation is formed methane;
Methanol is for subsystem, and the methane outlet of preparing subsystem with biogas is connected, in order to extract methane the biogas from generating, then by methane oxidation methanol; The process that described Methanol extracts methane for subsystem comprises the steps: to remove hydrogen sulfide, carbonic acid gas, the ammonia in biogas, then biogas utilization low temperature volatilization method is made to highly purified methane; The process of methane oxidation methanol is comprised: methane and oxygen are mixed by the volume ratio of 8～9:1～2, under 150～220 ℃ and 80～125 atmospheric conditions, by copper pipe reaction, make methyl alcohol;
Hydrogen is prepared subsystem, is connected with the methyl alcohol outlet of Methanol for subsystem, makes hydrogen, or directly by the Methanol generating, obtain hydrogen in order to utilize the first alcohol and water generating to mix; The hydrogen production process that described hydrogen is prepared subsystem comprises the steps: step S31, by first alcohol and water by pump delivery to interchanger heat exchange, after heat exchange, enter vaporizer gasification; Methanol vapor and water vapour after step S32, gasification enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyzer, and the temperature of reformer chamber is 370 ℃-409 ℃; Between step S33, reformer chamber and separate chamber, be provided with preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, the gas in order to heating from reformer chamber output; Described preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, as the buffering between reformer chamber and separate chamber, shortens the temperature head between reformer chamber output gas temperature and separate chamber's temperature, makes from the temperature of gas of reformer chamber output identical with the temperature of separate chamber or approaching; Temperature Setting in step S34, described separate chamber is that the temperature of 400 ℃-450℃， separate chamber is higher than the temperature of reformer chamber; In separate chamber, be provided with palladium membrane separation apparatus, from the aerogenesis end of palladium membrane separation apparatus, obtain hydrogen;
Hydrogen gas generation subsystem, the hydrogen outlet of preparing subsystem with hydrogen is connected, in order to utilize the hydrogen gas generation making.
2. the system of utilizing biomass power generation according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The process that described Methanol extracts methane for subsystem comprises the steps:
Step S21, biogas is washed by soda-lime, remove hydrogen sulfide, carbonic acid gas wherein;
Step S22, by the biogas through after step S21 by the vitriol oil, remove ammonia wherein;
Step S23, the biogas utilization low temperature volatilization method through after step S22 is made to highly purified methane.
3. an electricity-generating method that utilizes system described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
Step S1, biogas are prepared subsystem and be take biomass as raw material, under the condition of isolated air, utilize methanogen that organic matter fermentation is formed methane;
Step S2, Methanol extract methane for subsystem from the biogas generating, then by methane oxidation methanol; The process that described Methanol extracts methane for subsystem comprises the steps: to remove hydrogen sulfide, carbonic acid gas, the ammonia in biogas, then biogas utilization low temperature volatilization method is made to highly purified methane; The process of methane oxidation methanol is comprised: methane and oxygen are mixed by the volume ratio of 8～9:1～2, under 150～220 ℃ and 80～125 atmospheric conditions, by copper pipe reaction, make methyl alcohol;
The first alcohol and water mixing that step S3, hydrogen are prepared subsystem utilization generation makes hydrogen, or directly by the Methanol generating, obtains hydrogen; The hydrogen production process that described hydrogen is prepared subsystem comprises the steps: step S31, by first alcohol and water by pump delivery to interchanger heat exchange, after heat exchange, enter vaporizer gasification; Methanol vapor and water vapour after step S32, gasification enter reformer chamber, and reformer chamber is provided with catalyzer, and the temperature of reformer chamber is 370 ℃-409 ℃; Between step S33, reformer chamber and separate chamber, be provided with preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, the gas in order to heating from reformer chamber output; Described preheating temperature-controlling mechanism, as the buffering between reformer chamber and separate chamber, shortens the temperature head between reformer chamber output gas temperature and separate chamber's temperature, makes from the temperature of gas of reformer chamber output identical with the temperature of separate chamber or approaching; Temperature Setting in step S34, described separate chamber is that the temperature of 400 ℃-450℃， separate chamber is higher than the temperature of reformer chamber; In separate chamber, be provided with palladium membrane separation apparatus, from the aerogenesis end of palladium membrane separation apparatus, obtain hydrogen;
The hydrogen gas generation that step S4, the utilization of hydrogen gas generation subsystem make.
4. electricity-generating method according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
The process that described Methanol extracts methane for subsystem comprises the steps:
Step S21, biogas is washed by soda-lime, remove hydrogen sulfide, carbonic acid gas wherein;
Step S22, by the biogas through after step S21 by the vitriol oil, remove ammonia wherein;
Step S23, the biogas utilization low temperature volatilization method through after step S22 is made to highly purified methane.
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