CN102769747A - Parallel iteration-based grading and distributed video coding/decoding method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a parallel iteration-based grading and distributed video coding/decoding method and a system. The method comprises the steps as following: an original video frame is divided into a basic layer video sequence and a multi-layer strengthening layer video sequence; an H.264 coder is adopted to code the basic layer video sequence; a residual error prediction-based parallel PDWZ coder is adopted to code the strengthening layer video sequence; for the coded basic layer video sequence, an H.264 decoder is adopted to generate a low-quality low-resolution rate video sequence; for the decoded strengthening layer video sequence, a WZ decoder with iteration structure is adopted to generate a high-quality video sequence with a high resolution rate; and the multi-layer strengthening layer video sequence executes individual quantification and signal channel coding in the parallel PDWZ coder, and individual bit streams are respectively generated. The method provided by the embodiment of the invention improves the coding efficiency of the whole system and lowers dependency of the system compressing rate on GOP. The invention further provides a parallel iteration-based grading and distributed video coding/decoding system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the video coding and decoding technology field, relate in particular to a kind of classification distributed type video coding-decoding method and system based on parallel iteration.
Background technology
Image Compression is widely used in occasions such as digital TV in high resolution, video monitoring, and video coding and decoding technology is that image and video compression provide strong support.Traditional video encoding standard mainly contain International Telecommunication Association H.261, H.263; The M-JPEG of motion rest image expert group and the MPEG series standard of Motion Picture Experts Group of International Standards Organization, RealVideo, the WMV of Microsoft and the QuickTime of Apple company etc. that also have Real-Networks that are widely used on the internet in addition.Along with improving constantly of the requirement of coding techniques; Require that encoding device is simple, low-power consumption, low complex degree, make decoding end have more resource, can carry out complicated calculating; Traditional video coding technique is no longer suitable, and new video coding framework: distributed video coding is breathed out thereupon.
Distributed coding DVC (Distributed Video Coding) is the theoretical and Wyner-Ziv theory based on 2 theoretical foundation: Slepian-Wolf mainly; Therefore DVC is also referred to as WZ (Wyner-Ziv) video coding technique; (side information SI) estimates the statistical information of raw information with side information in decoding end for it.Coming packed data to compare different with the conventional video coding techniques with the encoder of high complexity is that the work that the WZ video coding algorithm is estimated correlation has moved on to decoding end from coding side, has greatly reduced the complexity and the energy consumption of coding side.The WZ decoder has also been eliminated the problem of prediction loop, has stronger transmission error code robustness.
Except encoder complexity was low, another characteristics of distributed video coding were exactly the high robust to the wireless channel error code, and this makes it be highly suitable in the wireless multimedia terminal equipment.Therefore to heterogeneous network, scholars begin DVC is applied to scalable video coding (scalable video coding, SVC) field.
In the WZ video coding system, the side information quality is very big to the whole system performance impact.Insert generating algorithm in the side information that Ascenso proposes
[3]It is one of present most typical side information generating algorithm.Yaacoub is provided with GOP (Group of Pictures, picture crowd) value according to the video information self adaptation and solves the GOP problem.Q.Xu etc. have proposed to be similar to the layering WZ structure of MPEG4-FGS, and H.26L as basic layer coding, WZ has obtained classification performance preferably as enhancement layer with traditional video encoder.Tagliasacchi has proposed time and gradable spatial system; When adopting tradition H.264 basic layer to be encoded; (enhanced layer EL) has adopted the DVC encoder to come the robustness of enhanced system to error code, and simultaneity factor also has gradable characteristic at enhancement layer.
Yet inserting generating algorithm in the side information that Ascenso proposes is interpositioning, requires non-order decoding, has limited the value of GOP simultaneously, because big GOP will cause systematic function to descend and bigger decoding time-delay.The GOP value of Yaacoub method also receives the restriction of key frame correlation.What the system of proposition such as Q.Xu and Tagliasacchi mainly paid close attention to is the gradability of system, or to the robustness of error code, does not just improve code efficiency and discuss.Therefore, be necessary to provide a kind of new classification distributed type video coding-decoding method and system of system coding efficient of can providing to solve existing demand.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to satisfy the demand of prior art, provide a kind of and can improve the whole system code efficiency, with the classification distributed type method for video coding and the system based on iterative decoding of conventional video coding and the combination of DVC coding.
In order to address the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of classification distributed type video coding-decoding method based on parallel iteration, comprising: the enhancement-layer video sequence that original video frame is divided into basic layer video sequence and multilayer; Adopt H.264 encoder to encode to basic layer video sequence; Employing is encoded based on the parallel PDWZ encoder of residual prediction to the enhancement-layer video sequence; Basic layer video sequence behind the coding is adopted the H.264 video sequence of decoder generation low quality low resolution; Adopt iteratively-structured WZ decoding to generate the high-resolution high quality video sequences to the enhancement-layer video sequence behind the coding, the enhancement-layer video sequence of multilayer is carried out independence and is quantized and chnnel coding in parallel PDWZ encoder, produce independently bit stream respectively.
Preferably, said original video frame is handled by neighbor through down-sampling and is divided into 1 layer of basic layer and 3 layers of enhancement-layer video sequence.
Preferably, the said step that adopts iteratively-structured WZ to decode to the enhancement-layer video sequence behind the coding comprises:
Step1: be used for the generation of side information by basic frame and decoded basic frame, the 1st layer of enhancement layer decoded; Step2: combine decoded the 1st layer of enhancement layer to unite and generate the decoding that side information is used for the 2nd layer of enhancement layer with basic layer; Step3: combine decoded the 2nd layer of enhancement layer to unite and generate the decoding that side information is used for the 3rd layer of enhancement layer with basic layer.
Preferably, the generation of said side information is through following searching method: Step1: with reconstruction information R as a reference information generate the thick side information C of present frame I; Step2: upgrade thick side information C through the error compensation process.
Correspondingly; The present invention provides a kind of classification distributed type video coding and decoding system based on parallel iteration simultaneously; Comprise basic layer and enhancement layer; The original video frame of entering system is divided into basic layer video sequence and multilayer enhancement-layer video sequence, and the coding side of basic layer is encoder H.264, and basic layer decoding end is decoder H.264; Said basic layer video sequence is encoded through encoder H.264 at coding side, and generates the video sequence of low quality low resolution through decoding H.264 in decoding end; The coding side of enhancement layer comprises residual prediction module and parallel PDWZ encoder; The decoding end of enhancement layer comprises iteration PDWZ decoder, and the enhancement-layer video sequence, is encoded by parallel PDWZ encoder through behind the residual prediction at coding side; And accomplish based on iteratively-structured WZ decoding in decoding end; Layer merge to generate the high-resolution high quality video sequences, and when bandwidth or terminal processing capacity were limited, basic layer prioritised transmission was to guarantee basic video communication; And when the bit stream partial decoding of h of enhancement layer, respectively different spatial resolution can be provided.
Preferably, said original video frame is divided into 1 layer of basic layer and 3 layers of enhancement-layer video sequence by neighbor.
Preferably; Said iteration PDWZ decoder comprises first module PDWZ decoder, the second unit PDWZ decoder and the 3rd unit PDWZ decoder; First module PDWZ decoder generates side information by basic frame and decoded basic frame, and the 1st layer of enhancement layer decoded; The 2nd PDWZ decoder combines decoded the 1st layer of enhancement layer and basic layer to unite the generation side information, carries out the decoding of the 2nd layer of enhancement layer; The 3rd unit PDWZ decoder combines decoded the 2nd layer of enhancement layer and basic layer to unite the generation side information, carries out the decoding of the 3rd layer of enhancement layer.
The classification distributed type video coding-decoding method based on parallel iteration of the embodiment of the invention; Conventional video coding and DVC coding are combined; Improve the whole system code efficiency; At basic layer the fraction video data is adopted H.264 coding, adopt the DVC coded system, the system compresses rate is reduced the dependence of GOP greatly at enhancement layer.
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In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art; To do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below; Obviously, the accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills; Under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart based on the classification distributed type video coding and decoding system of parallel iteration of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the layering sketch map of basic layer video sequence and enhancement-layer video sequence among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart based on the classification distributed type video coding-decoding method of parallel iteration of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart that the iteration PDWZ decoder of the embodiment of the invention is decoded.
Embodiment
To combine the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention below, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is carried out clear, intactly description, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the present invention's protection.
The present invention is a target to improve the whole system code efficiency, and conventional video coding and DVC coding are combined, and proposes a kind of gradable spatial video coding method and system based on parallel encoding and iterative decoding structure.At basic layer the fraction video data is adopted H.264 coding, adopt the DVC coded system at enhancement layer.Simultaneously, the present invention also proposes new side information generating algorithm, in conjunction with the information of encoder H.264, the system compresses rate is reduced greatly to the dependence of GOP.
Particularly, with reference to figure 1, the classification distributed type video coding and decoding system based on parallel iteration of the embodiment of the invention, be divided on the general structure two-layer, basic layer (base layer, BL) video sequence and EL (enhanced layer) video sequence.Before coding, at first original video frame is divided into 4 layers by neighbor through adopting down to handle, the layering sketch map is as shown in Figure 2.
At coding side, the BL layer adopts traditional H.264 encoder to encode; The coding of EL layer adopts based on the parallel PDWZ encoder of prediction and encodes; 3 EL sublayers are carried out independence and are quantized and chnnel coding in parallel PDWZ encoder, produce 3 independently bit streams.
In decoding end, the BL layer data generates the video sequence of low quality low resolution through H.264 decoding; At the EL layer, decoder combines the data of BL layer to accomplish based on high-resolution high quality video sequences of iteratively-structured WZ decoding generation.When bandwidth or terminal processing capacity were limited, the BL prioritised transmission was to guarantee basic video communication.And when the bit stream partial decoding of h of EL layer, respectively different spatial resolution can be provided.
At the PDWZ encoder based on residual prediction, system comprises 3 EL layer frame of pixels EL1, EL2, and EL3, its size is identical with the BL layer, and is as shown in Figure 1.When each EL layer is encoded, as predictive frame, " BL-EL " (being residual frame) carried out the PDWZ coding with the decoded picture that produces in the BL layer cataloged procedure.The introducing of prediction can reduce the entropy of information source, thereby makes compression efficiency significantly promote.The reference information that key point is coding side and decoding end in the predictive coding must be consistent, to avoid error drift.Therefore, the present invention uses the BL frame of rebuilding in the BL codec to generate the reference frame information of EL layer at the encoding and decoding end.Because EL and BL derive from same frame, the correlation of adjacent pixels has guaranteed forecast quality, makes estimated performance also not receive the influence of GOP.
As shown in Figure 3, the present invention proposes a kind of classification distributed type video coding-decoding method based on parallel iteration, may further comprise the steps:
S001: the enhancement-layer video sequence that original video frame is divided into basic layer video sequence and multilayer;
S002: adopt H.264 encoder to encode to basic layer video sequence;
S003: employing is encoded based on the parallel PDWZ encoder of residual prediction to the enhancement-layer video sequence;
S004: the basic layer video sequence behind the coding is adopted the H.264 video sequence of decoder generation low quality low resolution;
S005: adopt iteratively-structured WZ decoding to generate the high-resolution high quality video sequences to the enhancement-layer video sequence behind the coding; The enhancement-layer video sequence of multilayer is carried out independence and is quantized and chnnel coding in parallel PDWZ encoder, produce independently bit stream respectively.
Wherein, preferably, said original video frame is handled by neighbor through down-sampling and is divided into 1 layer of basic layer and 3 layers of enhancement-layer video sequence.The said step that adopts iteratively-structured WZ to decode to the enhancement-layer video sequence behind the coding comprises:
Step1: be used for the generation of side information by basic frame and decoded basic frame, the 1st layer of enhancement layer decoded;
Step2: combine decoded the 1st layer of enhancement layer to unite and generate the decoding that side information is used for the 2nd layer of enhancement layer with basic layer;
Step3: combine decoded the 2nd layer of enhancement layer to unite and generate the decoding that side information is used for the 3rd layer of enhancement layer with basic layer.
Along with the continuation of decode procedure, side information is more and more accurate, and the back subframe required check digit of decoding is also fewer and feweri.Side information is the key factor that influences WZ coded system performance, and the needed check information of the high more decoding of its quality is few more.In traditional WZ system, decoding end does not have the current information that needs the decoded picture frame, must be based on the decoded key frame in front and back, and this makes GOP big more, the side information reconstruction quality is poor more.And in system of the present invention, along with the decoding of each layer data, can be used for for the side information reconstruction more information being provided.Therefore to system and method characteristics of the present invention, proposed a search compensation method and utilized these information.
Step1: with reconstruction information R as a reference information generate the thick side information C of present frame I.
At first, decoded BL and sub-EL associating up-sampling obtain the approximate frame A of I, and A is divided into many sub-block.To each sub-piece, find its approximate piece in R with the sub-pix searching algorithm.In the search procedure, only the reconstructed image vegetarian refreshments is used for the calculating of similarity coupling.Therefore, more sub-EL frame can be used, and Search Results is accurate more.Then, the match block among the R is copied among the C.Compare with traditional inside/outside interpolation algorithm, the block of pixels that is used to mate in the native system is directly to extract from present frame, and motion vector is more accurate.
In addition, because only need decoded former frame in this process, need not limit GOP and guarantee high correlation.Simultaneously, the encoding and decoding in proper order of this system do not have extra time-delay.
Step2: upgrade thick side information C through the error compensation process.
At first, calculate among the A error E A of same position pixel in the decoded pixel and C.For among the A not the error E U of decoded positions pixel obtain with the picture element interpolation of contiguous EA.EA and EU unite and obtain an error frame E.E and C addition obtain a side information after the renewal.At last, will extract the side information of decoding with the side information at subframe same position to be decoded place as the back.The introducing of estimation error is based on following reason: though the motion search framework allows big GOP value, if the piece of former frame directly is used as side information, pseudo channel just comprises 2 kinds of errors.One is the original former frame and the error of reconstructed preceding frame; Another is the error of original former frame and original present frame.Because the distortion meeting of side information causes the distortion of reconstructed results, the pseudo channel noise of not correcting in the present frame decode procedure just becomes first kind of error of next frame.Add second kind of error, along with the accumulation of error, rebuild distortion and can reach the level of quantification very soon, and then greatly reduce video communication quality, the GOP value will be limited like this.Above-mentioned correction renewal process has effectively been corrected previous reconstruction frames and the present frame error of decoded portion.In the decode procedure of first sub-EL frame, Error Compensation Algorithm has guaranteed the side information distortion that generates and has rebuild BL on same level of distortion.Because the H.264 encoder of BL has adopted an outstanding quantizer to guarantee a stable decoding quality, so the PDWZ encoder can guarantee that is independent of performance GOP, stable.In addition, in the iterative decoding process, along with more sub-EL frame decoding success, can obtain more pixel value, the interpolation of next subframe is accurate more.
As stated, the present invention proposes a gradable spatial PDWZ system and method, solve the problem of big GOP, and have the multilayer gradability based on the parallel encoding iterative decoding.Though the present invention has introduced traditional H.264 encryption algorithm in encoder-side, because its size is limited to the computation complexity increase of whole system much smaller than original video.Rely on the low characteristics of DVC self encoder complexity, this system compares with the conventional video coding, and encoder complexity reduces greatly.In addition, native system EL layer does not have the inter prediction loop, and the mistake of some frame EL layer can not be delivered in the EL decode procedure of back, and the robustness of system is greatly improved.
More than classification distributed type video coding-decoding method and system based on parallel iteration that the embodiment of the invention provided have been carried out detailed introduction; Used concrete example among this paper principle of the present invention and execution mode are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; Simultaneously, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, the part that on embodiment and range of application, all can change, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. classification distributed type video coding-decoding method based on parallel iteration comprises:
The enhancement-layer video sequence that original video frame is divided into basic layer video sequence and multilayer;
Adopt H.264 encoder to encode to basic layer video sequence;
Employing is encoded based on the parallel PDWZ encoder of residual prediction to the enhancement-layer video sequence;
Basic layer video sequence behind the coding is adopted the H.264 video sequence of decoder generation low quality low resolution;
Adopt iteratively-structured WZ decoding to generate the high-resolution high quality video sequences to the enhancement-layer video sequence behind the coding, the enhancement-layer video sequence of multilayer is carried out independence and is quantized and chnnel coding in parallel PDWZ encoder, produce independently bit stream respectively.
2. the classification distributed type video coding-decoding method based on parallel iteration according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said original video frame is handled by neighbor through down-sampling and is divided into 1 layer of basic layer and 3 layers of enhancement-layer video sequence.
3. the classification distributed type video coding-decoding method based on parallel iteration according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the said step that adopts iteratively-structured WZ to decode to the enhancement-layer video sequence behind the coding comprises:
Step1: be used for the generation of side information by basic frame and decoded basic frame, the 1st layer of enhancement layer decoded;
Step2: combine decoded the 1st layer of enhancement layer to unite and generate the decoding that side information is used for the 2nd layer of enhancement layer with basic layer;
Step3: combine decoded the 2nd layer of enhancement layer to unite and generate the decoding that side information is used for the 3rd layer of enhancement layer with basic layer.
4. the classification distributed type video coding-decoding method based on parallel iteration according to claim 3 is characterized in that, following searching method is passed through in the generation of side information:
Step1: with reconstruction information R as a reference information generate the thick side information C of present frame I;
Step2: upgrade thick side information C through the error compensation process.
5. classification distributed type video coding and decoding system based on parallel iteration; It is characterized in that comprise basic layer and enhancement layer, the original video frame that gets into system is divided into basic layer video sequence and multilayer enhancement-layer video sequence; The coding side of basic layer is encoder H.264; The decoding end of basic layer is decoder H.264, and said basic layer video sequence is encoded through encoder H.264 at coding side, and in decoding end through the video sequence of decoding generation low quality low resolution H.264; The coding side of enhancement layer comprises residual prediction module and parallel PDWZ encoder; The decoding end of enhancement layer comprises iteration PDWZ decoder, and the enhancement-layer video sequence, is encoded by parallel PDWZ encoder through behind the residual prediction at coding side; And accomplish based on iteratively-structured WZ decoding in decoding end; Layer merge to generate the high-resolution high quality video sequences, and when bandwidth or terminal processing capacity were limited, basic layer prioritised transmission was to guarantee basic video communication; And when the bit stream partial decoding of h of enhancement layer, respectively different spatial resolution can be provided.
6. the classification distributed type video coding and decoding system based on parallel iteration according to claim 5 is characterized in that, said original video frame is divided into 1 layer of basic layer and 3 layers of enhancement-layer video sequence by neighbor.
7. the classification distributed type video coding and decoding system based on parallel iteration according to claim 6; It is characterized in that; Said iteration PDWZ decoder comprises first module PDWZ decoder, the second unit PDWZ decoder and the 3rd unit PDWZ decoder; First module PDWZ decoder generates side information by basic frame and decoded basic frame, and the 1st layer of enhancement layer decoded; The 2nd PDWZ decoder combines decoded the 1st layer of enhancement layer and basic layer to unite the generation side information, carries out the decoding of the 2nd layer of enhancement layer; The 3rd unit PDWZ decoder combines decoded the 2nd layer of enhancement layer and basic layer to unite the generation side information, carries out the decoding of the 3rd layer of enhancement layer.
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